JP3773495B2 - Reinforced earthwork method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The invention of the present application is a reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall, a retaining wall, or a dyke or a breakwaterReinforced earthwork methodIn particular, it is possible to prevent excessive displacement of the wall surface by reducing the elongation after construction of the polymer material embedding reinforcement material embedded in the embankment as embankment reinforcement material and increasing the tensile resistance force. A stable reinforced earth structureCan be built.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a reinforced earth method, for example, as shown in FIG. 16, a concrete wall panel 30 is laminated in a plurality of layers, and the embankment 31 mainly composed of coarse-grained soil is spread out at a certain layer thickness on the back. After the rolling, the embedding reinforcement material of a polymer material, for example, geotextile or geogrid, is embedded as the embankment reinforcing material 32 for each layer thickness, and the end portion is fixed to the wall panel 30 and the reinforcing soil such as a retaining wall is embedded. A reinforced earth method for constructing a structure is known (see Patent Document I).
[0003]
[Patent Literature]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-280661
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In this type of reinforced earth method, the embankment itself does not have tensile strength. Therefore, embankment reinforcement with tensile strength is embedded in the embankment, and the soil and embankment reinforcement are affected by the frictional force between the soil and the embankment reinforcement. Reinforced earth work methods are often used in which the embankment that has been integrated with each other and applied with a tensile force is used as a soil structure.
[0005]
However, it is possible to apply tensile force to the embankment using the embankment reinforcement material by extending the embankment reinforcement material in the lateral direction and generating a tensile force on the reinforcement material. Because of its principle, the reinforced soil using a polymer material as the embankment reinforcing material has a fate of being greatly deformed, and has a drawback.
[0006]
In addition, the pullout resistance of geotextiles and geogrids such as geogrids embedded in the embankments is due to friction between the soil and the embankment reinforcements, so geotextiles and geogrids can be easily used in viscous soils with low frictional forces. Since it was pulled out, there was a problem that the displacement increased and it could not be used.
[0007]
In addition to geotextiles and geogrids, nets formed by weaving linear bodies made of synthetic resin fibers, such as non-woven fabrics, fishing nets, and rockfall prevention nets, will be loosened even when set on a flat surface. Therefore, it cannot be used as an embankment reinforcement.
[0008]
For this reason, it has been difficult to use the embankment reinforcing material of polymer materials such as geotextiles for earth structures and retaining walls where deformation is a problem.
[0009]
Further, in this type of reinforced earth method, for example, when a tensile force acts on the embankment reinforcing material 32 as shown in FIG. 16, the embankment reinforcing material 32 is elongated from the principle, and the tensile force is applied to the embankment 31. Is granted. For this reason, when a polymer material such as geotextile or geogrid is used as the embankment reinforcing material 32, the stability of the embankment is increased, for example, when the elongation is too large during rolling or after construction and the wall surface is greatly displaced by the earth pressure. There was a problem from both the aesthetics and aesthetics.
[0010]
  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and in particular, prevents displacement of the embankment due to elongation of a polymer material such as geotextile embedded as embankment reinforcement, and excessive displacement of the wall surface associated therewith. It is very stable by increasing the pull-out resistance force and immediately applying tensile force to the embankment reinforcement against the displacement of the embankment.Reinforced earth method that can construct reinforced earth structuresIs intended to provide.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  The reinforced earth construction method according to claim 1 lays out the embankment for every fixed layer thickness, rolls the embankment, and then embeds the embankment reinforcing material for each fixed layer thickness in the embankment to construct a reinforced earth structure. In the reinforced earth method, the upper surface of each layer of the embankment is formed in an uneven surface, and the embankment reinforcing material made of a polymer material is laid on the upper surface of the embankment in a state where a space is held in the recessed portion of the uneven surface. The embankment is rolled out on a reinforcing material, and is laid and buried in the uneven surface in a state where the embankment reinforcing material is tensioned by rolling and embankment.
[0012]
The present invention relates to embedding when embankment is rolled by embedding a polymer material embankment reinforcing material formed in a planar shape (including a band) as embankment reinforcing material in a particularly uneven surface. By extending the reinforcement material in advance and generating the necessary tensile force in advance, and embedding it in the embankment in a state where the embankment reinforcement material is tensioned, the embankment reinforcement after construction is moved as little as possible, Subsidence and further wall displacement can be reduced.
[0013]
14A to 14D show the principle of the present invention. For example, as shown in FIG. 14 (a), when the embankment reinforcement (geotextile) A is simply embedded horizontally in the embankment, the pulling resistance F is only due to the frictional resistance between the embankment reinforcement A and the embankment. However, in the case of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 14 (b), even if the geotextile A is undulated and embedded in the embankment in an uneven surface shape, the geotextile A may be slack or slack. , It is dragged into the recess B formed on the embankment surface, and even if there is no slack in the geotextile A, by laying the geotextile A along the inner peripheral surface of the recess B of the embankment, A plurality of reinforcing beam-like portions C, each of which is formed by integrating the geotextile A and the rolling compaction embossed thereon, are formed continuously in parallel with the extending direction of the embankment.
[0014]
When a tensile force acts on the geotextile A in this state, not only the frictional force with the embankment but also the bearing resistance force due to the reinforcing beam-like portion C acts simultaneously to generate a large pulling resistance force F. Further, the displacement of the wall surface depends on the extension of the geotextile A in the region closer to the wall surface than the reinforcing beam-like portion C, or further the extension of the geotextile A between the reinforcing beam-like portion C and the reinforcing beam-like portion C. And since the expansion of the full length of geotextile A is interrupted | blocked by presence of the reinforcement beam-like part C, wall surface displacement is reduced significantly.
[0015]
Thus, in the present invention, the embankment reinforcing material such as geotextile is embedded in the embankment with wavy irregularities, so that the frictional resistance force between the embankment reinforcing material and the embankment is reduced to the passive earth pressure by the reinforcing beam-shaped portion of the recess. Since the resistance force based on it is added, the pullout resistance force of the embankment reinforcing material is greatly increased.
[0016]
In particular, as shown in FIG. 14 (c), the embankment is rolled out on the embankment that has been laid down so as to create a space in the recess B on the embankment that has been pressed into an uneven surface. When pressed, the embankment reinforcing material A is brought into close contact with the bottom surface of the recess B in a fully extended state, thereby generating tension and imparting tensile strength to the soil mass.
[0017]
FIG. 14D is a diagram illustrating the principle, and C corresponds to a reinforcing beam-like portion. For this reason, a tensile force is generated in the embankment reinforcing material A between the side surface and the reinforcing beam-like portion C or between the reinforcing beam-like portions C and C when the embankment is pressed, and therefore, the height of the embankment increases. A strong reinforced soil structure is constructed in which the embankment is not displaced in the horizontal direction even if the vertical load increases.
[0018]
Moreover, the tensile strength of the embankment reinforcement material can be effectively given to the embankment by fixing the embankment reinforcement material to the embankment partially with a consolidation material such as cement or lime, or solid cement such as soil cement in the recess. Can do. Moreover, the edge part of the embankment reinforcing material may be fixed to the embankment with soil or a pile, and the convex part may be constructed with these consolidated objects.
[0019]
In this way, a strong reinforced soil structure in which the embankment is not displaced in the horizontal direction can be constructed. In addition, elongation and tension | tensile_strength required for a embankment reinforcing material can be generated by setting suitably the magnitude | size (width, depth, height), shape, and space | interval of an uneven | corrugated | grooved part (undulation).
[0020]
  The reinforced earth method according to claim 2 is the reinforced earth method according to claim 1, wherein the embankment reinforcing material is a geogrid, a geotextile, a resin sheet or a non-woven fabric.
[0021]
When installing wall materials, even if the depth of the back of the wall surface is narrow and the amount of embankment is a little insufficient, embedding the embankment reinforcing material in a concavo-convex shape and embedding it gives the necessary retraction resistance to the embankment reinforcing material Therefore, the wall surface material can be fixed in a stable state.
[0022]
In addition, geogrid, geotextile, resin sheet or non-woven fabric is used as the embankment reinforcement of the polymer material formed in a planar shape, so that the settlement of the embankment can be prevented and the stability of the entire embankment can be maintained. it can. Moreover, the stable embankment layer can be formed by integration with embankment.
[0023]
Further, in order to form an uneven embankment surface, the embankment surface that is sufficiently compacted in a plane may be dug into a groove shape by a backhoe or the like in the extending direction of the reinforcing earth wall and the reinforcing earth embankment, or the whole Alternatively, the unevenness may be formed by locally embanking and rolling the compaction on the compacted embankment that has been compacted. One or a plurality of such protrusions or recesses are formed in the embankment layer.
[0024]
Since the present invention has an excellent reinforcing effect and an excellent holding power for embankment, even if a simple wall surface material is used as the wall surface material, the entire wall body does not break.
[0025]
In addition, when laminating wall materials, for example, the joints between the wall materials of each step adjacent in the lateral direction are alternately left and right without being continuous in the vertical direction, so-called `` blurred joints ''. By laminating wall materials, the protrusions protruding from the upper end portions of the wall materials at each stage are engaged with the hollow portions provided between the wall materials laminated on the upper side, The upper and lower wall materials can be joined so as not to be laterally displaced by the so-called “interlocking method” in which the protrusions and cavities engage, and at the same time, the end of the embankment reinforcement material is “interlocking method” between the upper and lower wall materials. It can be fixed by.
[0026]
In this way, the wall materials and the wall material and the embankment reinforcement are joined together by the interlocking method, and fixed so that each member is difficult to come off while allowing slight displacement against the backside earth pressure and ground load. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a structure in which stress is less likely to be concentrated on the wall surface material and also in the fixing portion of the embankment reinforcing material, and is not easily broken.
[0027]
The wall material used in the present invention may basically be a concrete wall material or a steel wall material, for example, a combination of concrete panels of 1.5 m × 1.5 m and a thickness of about 10 to 20 cm. A laminated wall surface may be used.
[0028]
Basically considering the ease of handling during transport, workability, etc., the height h is usually 20-60 cm, the width w is 30-100 cm, the depth d is about 20-60 cm, and the weight is 20-150 kg. Degree concrete panels or concrete blocks can be used.
[0029]
In particular, when a concrete panel or a concrete block is used as the wall material, it is possible to construct a wall surface having an excellent reinforcing effect while allowing a certain amount of wall surface displacement.
[0030]
  A reinforced earth structure according to a third aspect is the reinforced earth construction method according to the first or second aspect, wherein the embankment reinforcing material is partially fixed in the embankment.
[0031]
  The reinforced earth method according to claim 4 is the reinforced earth method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a reinforced beam-shaped portion composed of a bank reinforcement and a rolling compaction is formed in the concave and convex surface recess. It is characterized by doing.
[0032]
  The reinforced earth method according to claim 5 is the reinforced earth method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a solidifying material, consolidated soil, or crushed stones are filled on the embankment reinforcing material in the recess. It is what.
[0033]
  The reinforced earth method according to claim 6 is the reinforced earth method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the embankment reinforcing material laid on each layer of the embankment and the rolling compaction embanked on the embankment reinforcing material. In one of the above, an electromagnetic wave source such as a magnetic wave and γ ray that passes through the embankment is disposed, and on the other side, a sensor that receives the magnetic wave and γ ray is disposed, and the displacement of the embankment reinforcement due to rolling is measured, The tensile force generated in the embankment reinforcing material is managed.
[0036]
For example, a magnetic force source such as a permanent magnet is attached to the embankment reinforcement material to be laid on the embankment layer at each embankment stage, and the embankment layer at this embankment stage that is rolled as embankment on the embankment layer, or one before A sensor for detecting magnetic flux density, such as a Hall element, is embedded in the embankment layer of the embankment stage of the embankment, and the magnetic flux density from the magnetism generating source attached to the embankment reinforcing material is measured with the sensor in the embankment, and the source By calculating the relative displacement between the sensor and the sensor, the tensile force generated in the embankment reinforcing material is indirectly determined and managed. The sensor may be attached to the embankment reinforcing material and embedded in the embankment may be a magnetic force source such as a magnetic wave or γ-ray. Furthermore, even if it is not a magnetic force, the electromagnetic wave which permeate | transmits soil, such as a gamma ray, can be used as a radiation source, and the detection element can also be used as a sensor.
[0037]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 to 3 show an example of a reinforced soil structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or a site. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a concrete layered in multiple stages to construct a retaining wall 2. A wall surface panel (hereinafter referred to as “wall surface panel”) 3 is an embankment layer formed by filling the back portion of the retaining wall 2 with embankment such as earth and sand.
[0038]
Reference numeral 4 denotes a polymer reinforcement material embedded in a plurality of layers in the embankment layer 3 in order to increase the stability and strength of the embankment layer 3 and to fix each wall panel 1.
[0039]
The wall panel 1 is basically in consideration of ease of handling during transportation, workability, and the like. Usually, the height h is 20 to 60 cm, the width w is 30 to 100 cm, the thickness d is about 20 to 60 cm, and more heavy. Is formed in a rectangular plate shape having a length of about 20 to 150 kg, and protrudes from the fixing brackets 5 and 5 for fixing the end of the embankment reinforcing material 4 on the wall surface side of the back surface thereof. The fixing bracket 5 is made of a strip steel, a grooved steel, an angle steel, or the like.
[0040]
A dry panel formed from concrete mixed with reinforcing fibers such as steel fiber and carbon fiber may be used as this type of wall panel. In addition, a wall surface block (described later) formed in the above-described size / weight range may be used.
[0041]
The embankment reinforcing material 4 is formed into a plane or a strip having a certain size from a geogrid, a geotextile, a resin sheet, or a nonwoven fabric, and is embedded in a plurality of layers in the embankment layer 3.
[0042]
Further, each embankment reinforcing material 4 is embedded in the embankment layer 3 so as to be continuous in the transverse direction of the wall body 2 so as to have a substantially uneven cross section, and the end portion 4 a on the wall surface side of each embankment reinforcing material 4. Are fixed to each wall panel 1.
[0043]
In this case, the shape, size, pitch, and the like of the undulating portion (uneven portion) of the embankment reinforcing material 4 are determined by the soil quality and the amount of deposition of the embankment layer 3. Further, the end 4a on the wall surface side of each embankment reinforcing material 4 is wound around the fixing bar 6 as shown in the figure, and the fixing bar 6 is bolted to the fixing metal fitting 5 with a plurality of fixing bolts 7, for example. It is fixed on the panel 1.
[0044]
The method for fixing the wall-side end 4a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 to the wall panel 1 is not particularly limited. As another fixing method, the end of the embankment reinforcing material 4 between the upper and lower wall panels 1, 1 is used. A method such as simply sandwiching 4a may be used.
[0045]
In addition, the embankment is carefully rolled out over each embankment reinforcing material 4 including the inside of the recess 4b. For example, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the soil is limited to the inside of the recess 4b. It may be filled with cement, cement mortar, solidified material such as concrete, or crushed stones 8.
[0046]
4 (a) to 4 (e) show a construction method of the reinforced soil structure shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), which will be described in order.
(1). First, the first wall panel 1 is installed, the embankment is spread out on the back, and the embankment layer 3 is carefully crushed.₁Form. Fill layer 3 in this case₁Is a lower fixing bracket 5 projecting from the rear surface of the wall panel 1.₁And the embankment layer 3₁The surface layer portion is formed in a substantially concavo-convex surface shape that is continuous in the lateral direction of the wall surface panel 1.
(2). Next, fill layer 3₁Filling reinforcement 4 on top₁And the fixing part 5 of the wall surface panel 1 is connected to the end 4a on the wall surface side.₁To settle. In addition, embankment reinforcement 4₁The embankment layer 3 by stepping on well or by mechanical rolling₁Adhere well to the uneven surface.
At this time, if the embankment is first squeezed out into the fixing region, and then the embankment in the loosened region is squeezed out and rolled, then a tensile force is generated in the embankment reinforcing material.
[0047]
(3). Next, embankment reinforcement 4₁Roll out the embankment on top of it and carefully roll it into the embankment layer 3₂Form. Fill layer 3 in this case₂Is a fixing bracket 5 on the upper side which is provided on the rear surface of the wall panel 1.₂And the embankment layer 3₂The embankment reinforcement 4 is formed by forming the surface layer portion of the cross section into a substantially uneven surface shape that is continuous in the lateral direction of the wall 2.₁Extend. At this time, a tensile force can be introduced into the concave portion by first performing the embankment rolling pressure of the convex portion and then performing the embankment rolling pressure of the concave portion.
(4). Next, fill layer 3₂Filling reinforcement 4 on top₂, And the fixing bracket 5 on the upper side is protruded from the rear surface of the wall panel 1 with the end 4a on the wall surface side.₂To fix. In the same manner, the second and third wall panels are laminated in the same manner, and the entire retaining wall is constructed by alternately constructing the embankment layer and the embankment reinforcing material.
[0048]
FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) show another example of a reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or a site. In particular, a concrete wall block 9 for constructing the retaining wall 2 is shown. Are stacked in a plurality of stages.
[0049]
The wall block 9 basically has a height h of 20 to 60 cm, a width w of 30 to 100 cm, a depth d of about 20 to 60 cm, and a weight, in consideration of ease of handling during transportation and workability. Is formed so as to be self-supporting in the range of about 20 to 150 kg.
[0050]
For example, the wall block 9 shown in FIG. 5B is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped block shape, and a fixing groove 9a is formed at the upper end. Further, the end 4a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is wound around the fixing bar 6 and is fixed between the upper and lower wall panels 9 and 9 by inserting the fixing bar 6 into the fixing groove 9a.
[0051]
6 (a) and 6 (b) show another example of a reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or a site where the wall blocks 9 are laminated to form the wall body 2, In particular, the reinforced earth structure illustrated in FIG. 6A shows an example in which the wall blocks 9 are stepped back and stacked, and the reinforced earth structure illustrated in FIG. This shows an example in which wall surface blocks 9 are alternately shifted back and forth so as to form a shape.
[0052]
FIGS. 7A to 7C show another example of a reinforced earth structure similarly constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or a site. Reference numeral 9 denotes a wall 2 of the retaining wall. It is a concrete wall block laminated in multiple stages.
[0053]
The wall block 9 basically has a height h of 20 to 60 cm, a width w of 30 to 100 cm, a depth d of about 20 to 60 cm, and a weight, in consideration of ease of handling during transportation and workability. Is formed so as to be self-supporting within a range of about 20 to 150 kg.
[0054]
For example, each of the wall surface blocks 9 shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C has a front surface flange 9a, a back surface flange 9b, and a web 9c. Shape).
[0055]
A fixing groove 9d is formed at each upper end of the front flange 9a or the rear flange 9b, or both the front flange 9a and the rear flange 9b. The fixing grooves 9d are respectively formed continuously in the longitudinal direction of the surface flange 9a and the back flange 9b.
[0056]
FIGS. 8A and 8B show another example of a reinforced earth structure similarly constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or a site. Particularly, reference numeral 9 has a surface flange 9a and a web 9c, respectively. In addition, it is integrally formed in a substantially T-shaped plane that can stand by itself extremely stably. Further, a fixing groove 9d is formed continuously at the upper end of the surface flange 9a in the longitudinal direction of the surface flange 9a.
[0057]
7 and 8, the end portion 4a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is wound around the fixing bar 6 and fixed by inserting the fixing bar 6 into the fixing groove 9d.
[0058]
9A to 9H show modifications of the wall surface block. For example, in the case of the wall surface block shown in FIGS. 9A, 9B, 9E, 9F, 9G, reference numeral 9e is used. And 9f are a key and a key hole for integrating the stacked upper and lower wall surface blocks, and a strong wall surface can be constructed by engaging the engagement key 9e with the key hole 9f.
[0059]
Further, in the example of FIGS. 9C and 9H, when the wall surface blocks are stacked, the protrusion 9g engages between the front surface flange and the rear surface flange of the wall surface block located on the upper side thereof, thereby the engagement key 9e. The reference numeral 9h is a soil filling hole formed at the upper end of the surface flange 9a, and the wall surface is greened by planting the soil filling hole 9h. Can do.
[0060]
9 (c) and 9 (d) show wall blocks formed so that the stacked upper and lower wall blocks can be integrally connected vertically or vertically and horizontally, and FIG. 9 (c). In the case of the example, a connecting groove 9i is formed at the upper end portion of the surface flange 9a, and the connecting rod 6 is inserted across the wall surface blocks 9 and 9 in the connecting groove 9i so as to be adjacent in the lateral direction. A plurality of wall surface blocks 9 can be connected.
[0061]
In the example of FIG. 9C, the wall blocks 9 are integrated with each other if the connecting rod 6 is inserted into the connecting groove 9i and then the connecting groove 9i is filled with a solidified material such as early-strength cement. The wall surface connected to can be formed.
[0062]
Further, in the case of the example of FIG. 9 (d), a fitting projection 9j and a fitting groove 9k are formed on the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the surface flange 9a of each wall block 9 to be fitted to each other. By engaging the engaging grooves 9k with each other, it is possible to form a wall surface in which the stacked wall surface blocks 9 are connected vertically and horizontally.
[0063]
The wall blocks 9 formed in this way are adjacent to each other in the lateral direction and are stacked in a plurality of stages. Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the layers are stacked in a step shape by retreating at every step or every several steps as required.
[0064]
Further, in this case, a hollow portion composed of both the front surface flange 9a, the back surface flange 9b and the web 9c is formed between the wall surface blocks 9 and 9 adjacent to each other in the lateral direction, and crushed stones, gravel, By filling the embankment, the left and right and upper and lower wall surface blocks 9, 9 are integrated.
[0065]
11 (a) to 11 (c) show a method of fixing the end 4a on the wall surface side of the embankment reinforcing material 4 to each wall block 9 in particular. In the example of FIG. 11 (a), the back surface of the wall block 9 is shown. The end portion 4a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is fixed by being directly wound around the fixing metal fitting 10 protruding from the portion.
[0066]
Further, in the example of FIG. 11B, the fixing bar 6 around which the end portion 4 a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is wound around the fixing metal fittings 11, 11 protruding from the back surface portion of the wall block 9 is bolted by the fixing bolt 12. By stopping, the end portion 4 a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is fixed to the wall surface block 9.
[0067]
Further, in the example of FIG. 11 (c), the protruding pieces 13a and 13a of the fixing bracket 13 around which the end portion 4a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is wound are inserted into the fixing holes 9m protruding from the wall block 9, It is fixed by filling grout material around.
[0068]
FIGS. 12 (a) and 12 (b) show an example of a reinforced soil structure constructed as a breakwater or a river levee. Each embankment layer is formed after rolling out the embankment at a certain layer thickness and rolling it down sufficiently. For each embankment reinforcement 4, a polymer embankment reinforcement, such as geotextile or geogrid, is embedded in a plurality of layers.
[0069]
Each embankment reinforcing material 4 is undulated and embedded in an uneven shape. In particular, in the example of FIG. 12A, the end portions 4c and 4c of each embankment reinforcing material 4 are raised, and a part of the embankment is involved. It is folded and buried in the embankment. As shown in the figure, a sandbag 14 is embedded inside the folded end portion 4c as necessary, and a solidified material or crushed stone 8 is filled in the concave portion 4b of each embankment reinforcing material 4.
[0070]
In the example of FIG. 12B, the end portions 4 c and 4 c of each embankment reinforcing material 4 are extended almost horizontally and fixed by anchor members 15 as shown.
[0071]
FIG. 12 (c) shows an example of a reinforced soil structure constructed as a road facing a rocky place, etc., and in the same manner as in the examples of FIGS. 12 (a) and 12 (b), the embankment is spread at a certain layer thickness. After being discharged and fully pressed, a polymer reinforcing material such as a geotextile or a geogrid is embedded in a plurality of layers as the embankment reinforcing material 4 for each embankment layer. Moreover, the edge part 4c of the one end side of each embankment reinforcement 4 is each started, and it is turned up so that a part of embankment may be wound, and it is embed | buried in the embankment. Further, a sandbag 14 is embedded as needed inside the folded end 4c. Further, the end 4c on the other end side extends substantially horizontally and is fixed by the anchor member 15.
[0072]
FIGS. 13A to 13E show a construction method of the reinforced earth structure shown in FIG. 12A, and will be described in order.
(1). First, lay out the first level of embankment and carefully roll it into the embankment layer 3₁And the embankment layer 3₁Are formed in a substantially concavo-convex surface shape that is continuous in the axial direction of the structure (see FIGS. 13A and 13B).
(2). Next, fill layer 3₁Filling reinforcement 4 on top₁Laying and embankment reinforcement 4₁Step on the embankment layer 3₁Adhere well to the uneven surface. In addition, embankment reinforcement 4₁End 4c of₁, 4c₁And sandbag 14 inside₁, 14₁Are installed, and sandbag 14₁, 14₁End 4c so as to involve₁, 4c₁Is folded back (see FIGS. 13C and 13D).
(3). Next, embankment reinforcement 4₁Slay the embankment on top of the soil, 14₁And end 4c₁Is embedded in the embankment and carefully rolled to form the embankment layer 3₂Form. The embankment layer 3₂The surface layer portion is formed in a substantially concavo-convex surface shape continuous in the lateral direction. Here, fill layer 3₂Filling reinforcement 4 by rolling the material well₁Tension can be introduced into the surface (see FIG. 13E).
(4) Next, fill layer 3₂Filling reinforcement 4 on top₂Laying. In the same manner, the entire structure is constructed by alternately constructing the embankment layer and the sandbag and the embankment reinforcing material (see FIGS. 13E to 13H).
[0073]
Next, the management method of the embankment reinforcement material in implementing the reinforcement earthwork method of this invention is demonstrated.
[0074]
The strength and deformation characteristics of geotextiles used as embankment reinforcement include tensile and creep characteristics. As the tensile properties, design such as breaking strength, tensile rigidity, relationship between tensile strength and elongation / strain is necessary. In addition, instead of simply using the breaking strength as the design tensile strength of the geotextile, it is possible to use the tensile strength that matches the fracture strain of the soil and the limit strength considering the creep, so that the reinforced soil structure as a permanent structure It is necessary for the design of things.
[0075]
Therefore, when designing and constructing the reinforced earth structure of the present invention, a design method and construction management taking these into consideration are necessary. This means that the density of irregularities, the height of the convex parts, the depth of the concave parts, and the width of the concave parts in the reinforced earth structure should be determined based on the design calculation so as to match the strength deformation characteristics of the embankment reinforcement. It is.
[0076]
The construction method of the reinforced earth structure adapted to such a design is shown in FIGS. 15 (a) and 15 (b). FIG. 15A shows a state in which a geotextile 17 having a plurality of permanent magnets 16 attached at predetermined positions is laid on the embankment 18 as a embankment reinforcing material, and FIG. 15B shows an embankment 19 on the geotextile 17. The magnetic flux density from each permanent magnet 16 is measured by a sensor 20, such as a Hall element sensor, which is rolled out, rolled and placed on the embankment 19, and the change in the distance between the permanent magnet 16 and the sensor 20 due to the change in the magnetic flux density. That is, a method for measuring the elongation of the geotextile 17 is shown. In this case, the sensor 20 may be installed in the embankment and rolled later. At this time, for example, in FIG.₁, L₂However, after rolling, the distance L as shown in (b)₁+ Δ₁, L₂+ Δ₂The change in interval can be tracked.
[0077]
The sensor 20 may be attached to the geotextile 17 and the permanent magnet 16 may be installed in the embankment. In this way, the strain of the geotextile 17 is within the limit tensile strength in consideration of creep at a representative location of the geotextile 17, and sufficient tensile force is applied to the embankment with as little strain as possible with respect to the loading load. It is possible to manage the construction.
[0078]
【The invention's effect】
The invention of the present application is as described above, and in particular, the embankment reinforcing material of the polymer material embedded in a plurality of layers as the embankment reinforcing material is embedded in a concavo-convex shape in the embankment, so that when rolling By extending the embankment reinforcement material, it is possible to generate a certain tension in advance on the embankment reinforcement material, and by setting the size of the undulations, etc., it is possible to freely adjust the elongation and tensile tension of the embankment reinforcement material The extension of the embankment reinforcing material due to the settlement of the embankment after construction and the displacement of the wall material accompanying this can be reduced as much as possible, and a very stable reinforced earth structure can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 (a) is a partial perspective view showing an example of a reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like, and FIG. 1 (b) is a partial perspective view of a wall panel and embankment reinforcing material. .
FIGS. 2A and 2B are partial perspective views showing embankment reinforcements. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a reinforced soil structure.
4A to 4E are partial longitudinal sectional views showing a construction method.
FIG. 5A is a partial perspective view showing an example of a reinforced soil structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like, and FIG. 5B is a partial perspective view of a wall panel and a fill reinforcement. .
6A and 6B are partial longitudinal sectional views showing an example of a reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like.
7A is a partial perspective view showing an example of a reinforced soil structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like, and FIGS. 7B and 7C are perspective views showing an example of a wall block. is there.
8A is a partial perspective view showing an example of a reinforced soil structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like, and FIG. 8B is a perspective view of a wall surface block.
9A to 9H are perspective views showing an example of a wall surface block.
FIGS. 10A and 10B are a partial plan view showing an example of a reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like, and FIG. 10C is a partial vertical sectional view thereof.
FIGS. 11A, 11B, and 11C are perspective views showing examples of wall blocks and embankment reinforcements. FIGS.
FIGS. 12A, 12B, and 12C are partial perspective views showing an example of a reinforced soil structure constructed as a breakwater, a river bank, or the like.
FIGS. 13A to 13H are longitudinal sectional views showing a construction method.
FIGS. 14A and 14B show the principle of the present invention, wherein FIG. 14A is a diagram for explaining resistance to tensile force when only geotextile is used, and FIGS. 14B, C, and D are for tensile force in the case of the present invention. It is a figure explaining resistance.
FIGS. 15A and 15B are explanatory views for explaining a construction method according to the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional reinforced earth structure.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Wall panel (wall material)
2 Retaining walls
3 Filling layer
4 Filling reinforcement
5 Fixing bracket
6 Fixing bar
7 Fixing bolt
8 Solidification material or crushed stone
9 Wall block
10 Fixing bracket
11 Fixing bracket
12 Fixing bolt
13 Fixing bracket
14 Dougou
15 anchor member,
16 Permanent magnet
17 Geotextile (embankment reinforcement)
18 Filling
19 Filling
20 sensors

Claims (6)

In the reinforced earth construction method in which the embankment is rolled out for each constant layer thickness, rolled, and then embankment reinforcement is embedded in the embankment for each constant layer thickness to construct a reinforced earth structure. The upper surface is formed in a concavo-convex shape, and the embankment reinforcing material made of a polymer material is laid in a state holding the space in the concavo-convex surface concave portion, and the embankment is spread on the embankment reinforcing material, A reinforced earth construction method characterized in that the embankment reinforcing material is rolled and pressed, and the embossed surface is attached to the concavo-convex surface and is undulated and embedded. The reinforcing earth method according to claim 1, wherein a geogrid, a geotextile, a resin sheet or a non-woven fabric is laid as the embankment reinforcing material. The reinforcing earth method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the embankment reinforcing material is partially fixed in the embankment. The reinforcing earthwork method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a reinforcing beam-like portion composed of a banking reinforcing material and a rolling embankment is formed in the concave-convex surface. The reinforcing earth work method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a solidifying material, consolidated soil, or crushed stone is filled on the embankment reinforcing material in the recess. One of the embankment reinforcing material to be laid on each layer of the embankment and the rolling compaction embankment rolled up on the embankment reinforcing material is provided with an electromagnetic wave source such as a magnetic wave / γ-ray that passes through the embankment, and the other is the magnetic wave / The sensor which receives a gamma ray is arrange | positioned, respectively, the displacement of the said embankment reinforcement by rolling is measured, and the tensile force which arises in the said embankment reinforcement is managed, The any one of Claims 1-5 characterized by the above-mentioned. Reinforced earthwork method.

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