JP2004263395A - Reinforced earth structure and reinforced earth method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reinforced earth structure capable of preventing the displacement of filling by expansion of a polymeric material such as geo-textile or the like buried as a filling reinforced material or the excessive displacement of a wall surface accompanied therewith, at the same time, being very stabilized by increasing tensile resistance force and a reinforced earth method. <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of wall surface panels 1 are laminated, the filling 3 is scattered around the back section thereof, and a plurality of layers of the filling reinforced material 4 are embedded in the filling 3 to fix the end section 4a thereof on the wall surface panel 1. The filling reinforced material of the polymeric material formed in the shape of a sheet as the filling reinforced material 4 is unevenly undulated to embed a plurality of layers of the filling reinforced material in the filling 3. As the filling reinforced material 4 formed in the shape of the sheet, geo-grid, geo-textile, resin sheet or non-woven fabric or the like is embedded. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reinforced earth structure and a reinforced earth method constructed as a retaining wall, a retaining wall, a dike, a breakwater, and the like, and in particular, an embankment reinforcement of a polymer material embedded in an embankment as an embankment reinforcement. An object of the present invention is to provide a very stable reinforced soil structure and a reinforced soil method by preventing excessive displacement of the wall surface by reducing the subsequent elongation and increasing the tensile resistance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As the reinforcing earth method, for example, as shown in FIG. 16, while the concrete wall panels 30 are laminated in a plurality of layers, the embankment 31 mainly composed of coarse-grained soil is scattered at a constant layer thickness on the back thereof, After embossing, the embankment reinforcing material made of a polymer material, for example, geotextile or geogrid, is embedded as the embankment reinforcing material 32 for each layer thickness, and its end is fixed to the wall panel 30 and the reinforcing soil such as a retaining wall is fixed. A reinforced earth construction method for constructing a structure is known (see Patent Document I).
[0003]
[Patent Document]
JP-A-6-228661
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In this type of embankment method, the embankment itself does not have tensile strength. Therefore, an embankment reinforcement material having a tensile strength is buried in the embankment and the friction between the soil and the embankment reinforcement material causes the embankment and the embankment reinforcement material to be filled. In many cases, a reinforced earth method using an embankment to which a tensile force is applied by integrating the embankment as a soil structure is used.
[0005]
However, it is possible to apply a tensile force to the embankment using the embankment reinforcing material by extending the embankment reinforcing material in the lateral direction and generating a tensile force in the reinforcing material. Because of the principle, the reinforcing soil using a polymer material as the embankment reinforcing material is destined to have large deformation and is also a disadvantage.
[0006]
In addition, since the pull-out resistance of embankment reinforcements such as geotextiles and geogrids buried in the embankment is due to friction between the soil and the embankment reinforcements, geotextiles and geogrids can be easily applied to cohesive soil with low frictional force. Since it is pulled out, the displacement becomes large and there is a problem that it cannot be used.
[0007]
In addition to geotextiles and geogrids, nets formed by weaving linear bodies made of synthetic resin fibers, such as nonwoven fabrics, fishing nets, and rockfall prevention nets, are loose even when set on a flat surface. It cannot be used as an embankment reinforcement because it is difficult to lay it.
[0008]
Therefore, it has been difficult to use an embankment reinforcing material made of a polymer material such as geotextile for an earth structure or a retaining wall where deformation is a problem.
[0009]
In this type of reinforcing earth method, for example, when a tensile force acts on the embankment reinforcing material 32 as shown in FIG. 16, the embankment reinforcing material 32 elongates due to the principle, and the tensile force is applied to the embankment 31. Granted. For this reason, when a polymer material such as geotextile or geogrid is used as the embankment reinforcing material 32, the elongation is too large at the time of compaction or after construction, and the wall surface is greatly displaced by the earth pressure. There was a problem from the point of view and from the viewpoint of beauty.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, particularly to prevent the displacement of the embankment due to the elongation of a polymer material such as geotextile buried as an embankment reinforcement, and to prevent excessive displacement of the accompanying wall. It is an object of the present invention to provide a very stable reinforced soil structure and a reinforced soil construction method by increasing a pull-out resistance force and immediately applying a tensile force to an embankment reinforcing material against displacement of an embankment. .
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The reinforcing soil structure according to claim 1, wherein the embankment is scattered at a constant layer thickness, and a plurality of embankment reinforcing materials are buried in a plurality of layers within the embankment at a constant layer thickness. In the above, the embankment reinforcing material of a polymer material formed in a planar shape as the embankment reinforcing material is undulated in a plurality of layers by undulating and embossing in the embankment.
[0012]
The present invention provides an embankment reinforcing material made of a polymeric material formed in a planar shape (including a band shape) as an embankment reinforcing material by embedding and embedding the embankment in an embossed surface, particularly in an uneven surface. By extending the reinforcing material to generate the necessary tensile force in advance and embedding the embankment reinforcing material in the embankment in a state of tension, the embankment reinforcing material after construction has been minimized and the embankment moved, Subsidence and displacement of the wall surface can be reduced.
[0013]
14A to 14D show the principle of the present invention. For example, as shown in FIG. 14 (a), if the embankment reinforcing material (geotextile) A is simply buried horizontally in the embankment, the pull-out resistance F is determined only by the frictional resistance between the embankment reinforcing material A and the embankment. However, in the case of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 14 (b), by embedding the geotextile A in an embankment in an embossed surface in an embankment, even if the geotextile A is loosened or sagged. , It can be drawn into the recess B formed on the embankment surface, and even if the geotextile A does not sag, the geotextile A is laid along the inner peripheral surface of the recess B A plurality of reinforcing beam-shaped portions C are formed integrally with the geotextile A and the compacted embankment laid out on the geotextile A in parallel with the extension direction of the embankment.
[0014]
When a tensile force acts on the geotextile A in this state, not only a frictional force with the embankment but also a bearing force due to the reinforcing beam-shaped portion C simultaneously acts to generate a large pull-out resistance F. Further, the displacement of the wall surface depends on the extension of the geotextile A in a region closer to the wall surface than the reinforcing beam-shaped portion C or the extension of the geotextile A between the reinforcing beam-shaped portion C and the reinforcing beam-shaped portion C. Further, since the extension of the entire length of the geotextile A is interrupted by the presence of the reinforcing beam-shaped portions C, the wall displacement is greatly reduced.
[0015]
As described above, in the present invention, the embankment reinforcing material such as geotextile is embedded in the embankment with corrugations in a wavy manner, so that the frictional resistance between the embankment reinforcing material and the embankment is reduced to the passive earth pressure by the reinforcing beam-shaped portion of the concave portion. The pull-out resistance of the embankment reinforcement material is greatly increased because of the additional resistance.
[0016]
In particular, as shown in FIG. 14C, a planar embankment reinforcing material A is laid on the embossed embossed surface so as to create a space in the recess B, and the embankment is scattered. When pressed, the embankment reinforcing material A is brought into close contact with the bottom surface of the concave portion B in a completely extended state, thereby generating a tension and imparting tensile strength to the earth mass.
[0017]
FIG. 14D is a diagram showing the principle, and C corresponds to a reinforcing beam-shaped portion. Therefore, a tensile force is generated between the side surface and the reinforcing beam-shaped portion C, or between the reinforcing beam-shaped portions C and C, when the embankment is rolled. A strong reinforced soil structure is constructed in which the embankment is not displaced in the horizontal direction even if the vertical load increases.
[0018]
In addition, the embankment reinforcing material is partially fixed to the embankment with a consolidation material such as cement or lime in a concave portion or a consolidation soil such as soil cement to effectively impart the tensile strength of the embankment reinforcing material to the embankment. Can be. Further, the end of the embankment reinforcing material may be fixed to the embankment with soil or a pile, or the protrusion may be constructed of these consolidated substances.
[0019]
In this way, it is possible to construct a strong reinforced soil structure in which the embankment is not displaced in the horizontal direction. By appropriately setting the size (width, depth, height), shape, and interval of the uneven portion (undulation), elongation and tensile force required for the embankment reinforcing material can be generated.
[0020]
3. The reinforcing soil structure according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of wall materials are stacked, and an embankment is scattered at a constant thickness on a back portion thereof, and a plurality of embankment reinforcing materials are arranged at a constant thickness within the embankment. Embedded in a plurality of layers, in the reinforced earth structure having its ends fixed to the wall material, the embankment reinforcing material of a polymeric material formed in a planar shape as the embankment reinforcing material is raised and lowered in an uneven surface. Buried in the embankment in a plurality of layers.
[0021]
When installing the wall material, even if the depth of the back of the wall is narrow and the amount of embankment is a little short, the embankment reinforcement is undulated and buried in an uneven surface to provide the necessary pulling resistance to the embankment reinforcement Therefore, the wall material can be fixed in a stable state.
[0022]
In addition, the use of geogrid, geotextile, resin sheet or non-woven fabric as a reinforcing material for the embankment made of a polymeric material formed in a planar shape prevents the embankment from sinking and maintains the stability of the entire embankment. it can. In addition, a stable embankment layer can be formed by integration with the embankment.
[0023]
Further, in order to form the embankment surface in an uneven shape, the embankment surface which has been sufficiently compacted in a plane may be dug in a groove shape by a backhoe or the like in the extending direction of the reinforcing earth wall and the reinforcing earth embankment, or may be entirely dug. The ridge may be locally embossed on the compacted embankment that has been compacted flat and then compacted to form irregularities. One or a plurality of such protrusions or recesses are formed inside the embankment layer.
[0024]
Since the present invention has an excellent reinforcing effect and an extremely good embankment holding force, even if a simple wall material is used as the wall material, the entire wall will not be broken.
[0025]
When stacking wall materials, for example, the joints between the wall materials of the adjacent stages in the horizontal direction are not continuous in the vertical direction and are alternately shifted to the left and right, so-called "blind joints". By stacking the wall materials, the projections protruding from the upper end of the wall material in each step are respectively engaged with the cavities provided between the wall materials stacked on the upper side, The upper and lower wall materials can be joined so that the protrusions and cavities engage with each other so as not to shift sideways by the so-called "interlocking method", and at the same time, the end of the embankment reinforcing material between the upper and lower wall materials is "interlocking method" Can be fixed.
[0026]
In this way, the wall material and the wall material and the embankment reinforcing material are joined by the interlocking method and fixed, thereby allowing each member to be hardly detached while allowing a slight displacement with respect to the back surface earth pressure and the ground load. Therefore, it is possible to provide a structure in which stress hardly concentrates on the wall material and also in the fixing portion of the embankment reinforcing material, and is hardly broken.
[0027]
The wall material used in the present invention may be basically a concrete wall material or a steel wall material, or may be a combination of, for example, a concrete panel having a size of 1.5 m × 1.5 m and a thickness of about 10 to 20 cm. Alternatively, it may be a laminated wall.
[0028]
Basically, the height h is about 20 to 60 cm, the width w is about 30 to 100 cm, the depth d is about 20 to 60 cm, and the weight is about 20 to 150 kg in consideration of ease of handling during transportation and workability. A degree of concrete panel or concrete block can be used.
[0029]
In particular, when a concrete panel or a concrete block is used as a wall material, it is possible to construct a wall surface having an excellent reinforcing effect while allowing a certain amount of wall displacement.
[0030]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the reinforcing soil structure according to the first or second aspect, wherein a geogrid, a geotextile, a resin sheet, a nonwoven fabric, or the like is embedded as an embankment reinforcing material made of a planar polymeric material. It is characterized by being done.
[0031]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the reinforcing soil structure according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the embankment reinforcing material is partially fixed in the embankment. . As a method of fixing the embankment reinforcing material in the embankment, a method of filling the recess with a solidifying material or crushed stones from above the embankment reinforcing material may be used.
[0032]
6. The reinforcing method according to claim 5, wherein the embankment is scattered at a constant layer thickness, and after rolling, the embankment reinforcing material is buried at a constant layer thickness in the embankment to form a reinforcing earth structure. In the earthwork method, the upper surface of the embankment is formed into an uneven surface, an embankment reinforcing material made of a polymer material is laid thereon, the embankment is scattered thereon, and the embankment is rolled to roll the embankment reinforcing material onto the embossed surface. And buried in an uneven surface.
[0033]
In the reinforcing earth method according to the sixth aspect, the embankment is scattered every fixed layer thickness, and after rolling, the embankment reinforcing material is buried every fixed layer thickness in the embankment to construct a reinforced earth structure. In the reinforced earth construction method, the upper surface of the embankment is formed in an uneven surface for each constant layer thickness, and an embankment reinforcing material made of a polymer material is laid thereon in a state where a space is held in a recess in the upper surface of the embankment. The embankment is laid out on the upper surface, and the embankment reinforcing material is tensed by rolling the embankment so that the embankment reinforcing material is tensed and buried in an uneven surface.
[0034]
The reinforced earth method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, in the reinforced earth method according to claim 5 or 6, solidified material, consolidated soil or crushed stones are filled into the recess from above the embankment reinforcing material. is there.
[0035]
The reinforcing earth method according to claim 8, wherein the embankment is scattered every fixed layer thickness, and a plurality of embankment reinforcing materials are buried in a plurality of layers every fixed layer thickness in the embankment. In the reinforced earth construction method, the embankment reinforcing material laid on each embankment layer and the rolled embankment to be scattered on it are equipped with either an electromagnetic wave source such as magnetic wave or γ-ray that passes through the embankment and a sensor that receives it. And measuring the displacement of the embankment reinforcement caused by the compaction of the embankment, thereby managing the tensile force generated in the embankment reinforcement.
[0036]
For example, a magnetic force source such as a permanent magnet is attached to an embankment reinforcing material to be laid on the embankment layer at each embankment stage, and the embankment is rolled as embankment on the embankment layer at this embankment stage or immediately before A sensor for detecting magnetic flux density, such as a Hall element, is embedded in the embankment layer at the embankment stage of the embankment, and the magnetic flux density from the magnetic force source attached to the embankment reinforcing material is measured by the sensor in the embankment, and the generation source By calculating the relative displacement between the sensor and the sensor, the tensile force generated in the embankment reinforcing material is indirectly determined and managed. The sensor may be attached to the embankment reinforcing material and buried in the embankment may be a magnetic force source such as a magnetic wave or γ-ray. Furthermore, even if it is not a magnetic force, it is also possible to use an electromagnetic wave such as γ-ray that penetrates through the soil as a radiation source and use the detection element as a sensor.
[0037]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
1 to 3 show an example of a reinforced soil structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road, a site, and the like. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes concrete stacked in multiple steps to construct a retaining wall 2. 3 is an embankment layer formed by filling the back of the retaining wall 2 with embankment such as earth and sand.
[0038]
Reference numeral 4 denotes an embankment reinforcing material made of a polymer material embedded in a plurality of layers in the embankment layer 3 to increase the stability and strength of the embankment layer 3 and to fix each wall panel 1.
[0039]
The wall panel 1 usually has a height h of about 20 to 60 cm, a width w of about 30 to 100 cm, a thickness d of about 20 to 60 cm, and further heavy weight in consideration of easiness of handling during transportation and the like and workability. Is formed in a rectangular plate shape of about 20 to 150 kg, and protrudingly provided on its back surface from fixing metal fittings 5 and 5 for fixing the end of the embankment reinforcing material 4 on the wall side. The fixing bracket 5 is formed from a strip steel, a channel steel, an angle steel, or the like.
[0040]
A dry panel formed from concrete mixed with reinforcing fibers such as steel fiber and carbon fiber may be used as this type of wall panel. Further, a wall block (described later) molded in the above-described size and weight ranges may be used.
[0041]
The embankment reinforcing material 4 is formed in a predetermined size in a planar or band shape from a geogrid, geotextile, resin sheet, nonwoven fabric, or the like, and is embedded in the embankment layer 3 in a plurality of layers.
[0042]
In addition, each embankment reinforcing material 4 is buried in the embankment layer 3 so as to be undulated so as to be continuous in the lateral direction of the wall body 2 in a substantially uneven cross section, and the end 4a of each embankment reinforcing material 4 on the wall surface side. Is fixed to each wall panel 1.
[0043]
In this case, the shape, size, pitch, and the like of the undulating portions (irregular portions) of the embankment reinforcing material 4 are determined by the soil quality, the amount of accumulation, and the like of the embankment layer 3. An end 4a on the wall surface side of each embankment reinforcing material 4 is wound around, for example, a fixing bar 6 as shown in the figure, and the fixing bar 6 is bolted to a fixing bracket 5 with a plurality of fixing bolts 7 or the like. Fixed to panel 1.
[0044]
The method of fixing the end 4a on the wall surface side of the embankment reinforcing material 4 to the wall panel 1 is not particularly limited. As another fixing method, an end of the embankment reinforcing material 4 between the upper and lower wall panels 1, 1 is used. 4a may be simply inserted.
[0045]
Further, the embankment including the inside of the concave portion 4b is carefully rolled and scattered on each embankment reinforcing material 4, but as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), for example, only the soil is provided within the concave portion 4b. Solidification material such as cement, cement mortar, concrete, or crushed stones 8 may be filled.
[0046]
4 (a) to 4 (e) show a construction method of the reinforced soil structure shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), and will be described in the following order.
▲ 1 ▼. First, the first-stage wall panel 1 is installed, and the embankment is scattered on the back of the first-stage wall panel 1. ₁ To form Embankment layer 3 in this case ₁ Is a lower fixing bracket 5 protruding from the back of the wall panel 1. ₁ And the embankment layer 3 ₁ Is formed in a substantially concavo-convex surface shape that is continuous in the lateral direction of the wall panel 1.
▲ 2 ▼. Next, the embankment layer 3 ₁ Embankment reinforcing material 4 on top ₁ And the end 4a on the wall side is fixed to the fixing bracket 5 of the wall panel 1. ₁ Established in In addition, embankment reinforcing material 4 ₁ Step 3 or fill the embankment layer 3 by mechanical compaction ₁ Make good contact with the uneven surface of.
At this time, if the embankment is first scattered in the fixing area, and then compacted, the embankment in the loose area is scattered and compacted, a tensile force is generated in the embankment reinforcing material.
[0047]
(3). Next, embankment reinforcement 4 ₁ Spread embankment on top ₂ To form Embankment layer 3 in this case ₂ Is an upper fixing metal fitting 5 protruding from the rear surface of the wall panel 1. ₂ And the embankment layer 3 ₂ Of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is formed in a substantially uneven surface in cross section continuous in the lateral direction of the wall 2. ₁ To extend. At this time, a tensile force can be introduced into the concave portion if the convex portion is first rolled and then the concave portion is rolled.
▲ 4 ▼. Next, the embankment layer 3 ₂ Embankment reinforcing material 4 on top ₂ And an end 4a on the wall side is fixed to the upper fixing bracket 5 protruding from the back of the wall panel 1. ₂ Fixed to. Hereinafter, similarly, the second-stage and third-stage wall panels are laminated, and the embankment layer and the embankment reinforcing material are alternately constructed to construct the entire retaining wall.
[0048]
FIGS. 5A and 5B show another example of a reinforced soil structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road, a site, and the like. In particular, a concrete wall block 9 for constructing the retaining wall 2 is shown. Are stacked in a plurality of stages.
[0049]
Basically, the wall block 9 usually has a height h of about 20 to 60 cm, a width w of about 30 to 100 cm, a depth d of about 20 to 60 cm, and further weighs in consideration of ease of handling during transportation and the like, and workability. Is formed so as to have its own self-support within a range of about 20 to 150 kg.
[0050]
For example, the wall surface block 9 shown in FIG. 5B is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped block shape, and a fixing groove 9a is formed at an upper end portion. The end 4a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is wound around the fixing bar 6, and is fixed between the upper and lower wall panels 9, 9 by inserting the fixing bar 6 into the fixing groove 9a.
[0051]
FIGS. 6A and 6B show another example of a reinforced soil structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road, a site, or the like in which a wall body 9 is stacked to form the wall body 2. In particular, the reinforcing soil structure shown in FIG. 6A shows an example in which the wall surface blocks 9 are retreated in a stepwise manner and stacked, and the reinforcing soil structure shown in FIG. This is an example in which wall blocks 9 are alternately shifted back and forth so as to form a shape.
[0052]
FIGS. 7A to 7C show another example of a reinforced soil structure similarly constructed as a retaining wall facing a road, a site, and the like, and reference numeral 9 indicates a wall 2 of the retaining wall. It is a concrete wall block stacked in multiple stages.
[0053]
Basically, the wall block 9 usually has a height h of about 20 to 60 cm, a width w of about 30 to 100 cm, a depth d of about 20 to 60 cm, and further weighs in consideration of ease of handling during transportation and the like, and workability. Is formed to have its own self-support within a range of about 20 to 150 kg.
[0054]
For example, the wall block 9 shown in each of FIGS. 7B and 7C has a surface flange 9a, a rear flange 9b, and a web 9c, respectively, and is a plane substantially H-shaped (or 1-shaped) that can stand up very stably even as it is. Shape).
[0055]
A fixing groove 9d is formed at each upper end of the front flange 9a or the rear flange 9b, or both the front flange 9a and the rear flange 9b. The fixing groove 9d is formed continuously in the longitudinal direction of the front flange 9a and the rear flange 9b.
[0056]
8 (a) and 8 (b) show another example of a reinforced soil structure similarly constructed as a retaining wall facing a road, a site, and the like. In particular, reference numeral 9 has a surface flange 9a and a web 9c, respectively. It is integrally formed in a substantially T-shape plane that can stand very stably as it is. A fixing groove 9d is formed at the upper end of the front flange 9a so as to be continuous in the longitudinal direction of the front flange 9a.
[0057]
7 and 8, the end 4a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is wound around the fixing bar 6, and is fixed by inserting the fixing bar 6 into the fixing groove 9d.
[0058]
9A to 9H show modified examples of the wall block. For example, in the case of the wall block shown in FIGS. 9A, 9B, 9E, 9F, and 9G, reference numeral 9e is used. Reference numerals 9f and 9f denote a key and a key hole for integrating the laminated upper and lower wall blocks, and a strong wall surface can be constructed by engaging the engaging key 9e with the key hole 9f.
[0059]
In the examples of FIGS. 9C and 9H, when the wall blocks are stacked, the projection 9g engages between the surface flange and the rear flange of the wall block located above the wall blocks, thereby forming the engagement key 9e. Reference numeral 9h denotes a hole for filling the soil formed at the upper end of the surface flange 9a, and greening of the wall surface is performed by planting the hole for filling the soil 9h. Can be.
[0060]
9 (c) and 9 (d) show wall blocks formed so that upper and lower wall blocks can be integrally connected to each other vertically or vertically and horizontally, and FIG. 9 (c). In the case of the example, the connecting groove 9i is formed at the upper end of the front flange 9a, and the connecting rod 6 is inserted into the connecting groove 9i across the plurality of wall blocks 9, 9 so as to be adjacent in the lateral direction. A plurality of wall blocks 9 can be connected to each other.
[0061]
In addition, in the example of FIG. 9 (c), if the connecting rod 6 is inserted into the connecting groove 9i and then the connecting groove 9i is filled with a solidifying material such as high-strength cement, the wall blocks 9 are integrated. Can be formed.
[0062]
Further, in the case of the example of FIG. 9D, a fitting projection 9j and a fitting groove 9k that fit each other are formed at the upper end and the lower end of the surface flange 9a of each wall block 9, and this engaging projection 9j is formed. And the engaging groove 9k are fitted to each other to form a wall surface in which the laminated wall blocks 9 are connected vertically and horizontally.
[0063]
The wall blocks 9 formed in this way are adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction and are stacked in a plurality of stages. Further, as required, for example, as shown in FIG. 6A, the layers are stacked stepwise by being retracted at every step or every several steps.
[0064]
Further, in this case, a hollow portion including both the front flange 9a, the rear flange 9b, and the web 9c is formed between the horizontally adjacent wall blocks 9, 9 of each step, and crushed stones, gravel, or the like are formed in each hollow portion. Since the embankment is filled, the left and right and upper and lower wall blocks 9, 9 are integrated.
[0065]
11 (a) to 11 (c) show a method of fixing the end 4a on the wall surface side of the embankment reinforcing material 4 to each wall block 9 in particular, and in the example of FIG. The end 4a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is fixed by directly winding it around a fixing metal fitting 10 protruding from the portion.
[0066]
In the example of FIG. 11B, the fixing bar 6 around which the end 4 a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is wound is fixed to the fixing metal fittings 11, 11 protruding from the rear surface of the wall surface block 9 by the fixing bolt 12. By stopping, the end 4a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is fixed to the wall surface block 9.
[0067]
Further, in the example of FIG. 11 (c), the protruding pieces 13a of the fixing metal 13 around which the end 4a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is wound are inserted into the fixing holes 9m protruding from the wall surface block 9, and the It is fixed by filling a grout material around.
[0068]
FIGS. 12 (a) and 12 (b) show an example of a reinforced soil structure constructed as a breakwater or a river embankment. The embankment is scattered at a constant layer thickness, and after being sufficiently compacted, each embankment is reinforced. In each case, an embankment reinforcing material made of a polymer material, such as geotextile or geogrid, is embedded in a plurality of layers as the embankment reinforcing material 4.
[0069]
Each embankment reinforcing member 4 is buried in an uneven shape, and in particular, in the example of FIG. 12 (a), ends 4c, 4c of each embankment reinforcing member 4 are respectively raised and entrain a part of the embankment. And is buried in the embankment. As shown in the drawing, a sandbag 14 is buried as necessary inside the folded end portion 4c, and a solidified material or crushed stone 8 is filled in the concave portion 4b of each embankment reinforcing material 4.
[0070]
In the example of FIG. 12B, the end portions 4c of the embankment reinforcing members 4 extend substantially horizontally and are fixed by the anchor members 15 as shown in the drawing.
[0071]
FIG. 12C shows an example of a reinforced soil structure constructed as a road or the like facing a rocky place, and similar to the examples of FIGS. 12A and 12B, an embankment is scattered at a constant layer thickness. After embossing and rolling sufficiently, an embankment reinforcing material made of a polymer material, such as geotextile or geogrid, is embedded in a plurality of layers as embankment reinforcing materials 4 for each embankment layer. An end 4c on one end side of each embankment reinforcing material 4 is raised and folded back so as to involve a part of the embankment, and is buried in the embankment. As shown in the drawing, a sandbag 14 is embedded inside the folded end 4c as required. The other end 4c extends substantially horizontally and is fixed by an anchor member 15.
[0072]
FIGS. 13A to 13E show a construction method of the reinforced soil structure shown in FIG. 12A, and will be sequentially described below.
▲ 1 ▼. First, the first layer of embankment is scattered and carefully crushed to fill embankment 3 ₁ And embankment layer 3 ₁ (See FIGS. 13 (a) and 13 (b)).
▲ 2 ▼. Next, the embankment layer 3 ₁ Embankment reinforcing material 4 on top ₁ And embankment reinforcement 4 ₁ Step into the embankment layer 3 ₁ Make sure it adheres well to the uneven surface. In addition, embankment reinforcing material 4 ₁ End 4c ₁ , 4c ₁ And set up the sandbag 14 inside ₁ , 14 ₁ Are installed, and sandbags 14 ₁ , 14 ₁ End 4c ₁ , 4c ₁ (See FIGS. 13C and 13D).
(3). Next, embankment reinforcement 4 ₁ Spread embankment on top of sandbag 14 ₁ And end 4c ₁ Embedded in the embankment and carefully rolled the embankment 3 ₂ To form In addition, embankment layer 3 ₂ Is formed in a cross-section having a substantially concavo-convex surface continuous in the lateral direction. Here, embankment layer 3 ₂ Embankment reinforcement 4 ₁ (See FIG. 13 (e)).
(4) Next, the embankment layer 3 ₂ Embankment reinforcing material 4 on top ₂ Lay. Hereinafter, similarly, the embankment layer and the earthen sill and the embankment reinforcing material are alternately constructed to construct the entire structure (see FIGS. 13E to 13H).
[0073]
Next, a method of managing the embankment reinforcing material when implementing the reinforcing earth method of the present invention will be described.
[0074]
The strength and deformation characteristics of geotextile used as embankment reinforcement include tensile and creep characteristics. As the tensile properties, the breaking strength, the tensile rigidity, the relationship between the tensile strength and the elongation / strain, and the like are necessary for the design. Also, instead of simply using the breaking strength as the design tensile strength of the geotextile, it is necessary to use the tensile strength corresponding to the breaking strain of the soil and the marginal strength considering the creep, which is a reinforced soil structure as a permanent structure. Necessary for product design.
[0075]
Therefore, when designing and constructing the reinforced soil structure of the present invention, a design method and construction management taking these into consideration are necessary. This means that the density of the unevenness, the height of the protrusions, the depth of the recesses, and the width of the recesses in the reinforced soil structure should be determined based on the design calculation so as to conform to the strength deformation characteristics of the embankment reinforcing material. It is.
[0076]
FIGS. 15A and 15B show a construction method of a reinforced soil structure adapted to such a design. FIG. 15A shows a state in which a geotextile 17 having a plurality of permanent magnets 16 attached at predetermined positions is laid as an embankment reinforcing material on an embankment 18, and FIG. 15B shows an embankment 19 on the geotextile 17. The magnetic flux density from each permanent magnet 16 is measured by a sensor 20 such as a Hall element sensor installed on the embankment 19 by spreading, compacting, and a change in the distance between the permanent magnet 16 and the sensor 20 due to a change in the magnetic flux density. That is, a method for measuring the elongation of the geotextile 17 is shown. In this case, the sensor 20 may be installed in the embankment and may be compacted later. At this time, for example, in FIG. ₁ , L ₂ However, after compaction, the interval L ₁ + Δ ₁ , L ₂ + Δ ₂ The change of the interval can be tracked.
[0077]
Note that the sensor 20 may be attached to the geotextile 17 and the permanent magnet 16 may be installed in the embankment. In this way, at a typical location of the geotextile 17, the strain of the geotextile 17 is within the limit tensile strength in consideration of creep, and a sufficient tensile force is applied to the embankment with a strain as small as possible with respect to the overload. The construction can be managed as follows.
[0078]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is as described above, especially when the embankment reinforcement material of a polymer material buried in a plurality of layers as an embankment reinforcement material is buried in the embankment in an uneven surface shape, when rolling compaction By extending the embankment reinforcement, a constant tension can be generated in advance in the embankment reinforcement, and the elongation and tensile tension of the embankment reinforcement can be freely adjusted by setting the size of the undulations. In addition, the extension of the embankment reinforcing material due to the settlement of the embankment after the construction and the displacement of the wall material due to this can be minimized, and a very stable reinforced earth structure can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a partial perspective view showing an example of a reinforcing soil structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like, and FIG. 1B is a partial perspective view of a wall panel and an embankment reinforcing material. .
FIGS. 2A and 2B are partial perspective views showing an embankment reinforcing material.
FIG. 3 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a reinforced soil structure.
FIGS. 4A to 4E are partial longitudinal sectional views showing a construction method.
5A is a partial perspective view showing an example of a reinforcing soil structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like, and FIG. 5B is a partial perspective view of a wall panel and an embankment reinforcing material. .
FIGS. 6A and 6B are partial longitudinal sectional views showing an example of a reinforced soil structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like.
7A is a partial perspective view showing an example of a reinforced soil structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like, and FIGS. 7B and 7C are perspective views showing an example of a wall surface block. is there.
8A is a partial perspective view showing an example of a reinforced soil structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like, and FIG. 8B is a perspective view of a wall block.
FIGS. 9A to 9H are perspective views showing an example of a wall surface block.
FIGS. 10A and 10B are partial plan views showing an example of a reinforced soil structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like, and FIG. 10C is a partial longitudinal sectional view thereof.
11 (a), (b), and (c) are perspective views showing an example of a wall surface block and an embankment reinforcing material.
FIGS. 12 (a), (b), and (c) are partial perspective views showing an example of a reinforced soil structure constructed as a breakwater or a river embankment.
13 (a) to 13 (h) are longitudinal sectional views showing a construction method.
14A and 14B show the principle of the present invention, in which FIG. 14A is a diagram for explaining the resistance to tensile force when only geotextile is used, and FIG. 14B, FIG. It is a figure explaining resistance.
FIGS. 15A and 15B are explanatory diagrams illustrating a construction method according to the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional reinforcing soil structure.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Wall panel (wall material)
2 Retaining wall
3 Embankment layer
4 Embankment reinforcement
5 Fixing hardware
6 Fixing bar
7 Fixing bolt
8 solidified material or crushed stone
9 Wall block
10 Fixing hardware
11 Fixing hardware
12 Fixing bolt
13 Fixing bracket
14 Sandbag
15 anchor members,
16 permanent magnet
17 Geotextile (Filling material)
18 Embankment
19 Embankment
20 sensors

Claims (8)

In a reinforced soil structure in which an embankment is scattered at a constant layer thickness and an embankment reinforcing material is embedded in the embankment at a constant layer thickness, a polymer material formed in a planar shape as the embankment reinforcing material A reinforced earth structure, wherein the embankment reinforcing material is undulated in a plurality of layers in the embankment by undulating the embankment reinforcement material. While laminating a plurality of wall materials, embankment is scattered at a constant thickness on the back thereof, and embankment reinforcing material is buried at a constant thickness within the embankment, and an end thereof is fixed to the wall material. In the reinforced earth structure, the embankment reinforcing material of a polymer material formed in a planar shape as the embankment reinforcing material is undulated in a plurality of layers in the embankment by undulating and embossing in an uneven surface. Reinforced earth structure. The reinforced earth structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a geogrid, a geotextile, a resin sheet, or a nonwoven fabric is embedded as the embankment reinforcing material of the polymer material formed in a planar shape. The reinforced earth structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the embankment reinforcing material is partially fixed in the embankment. In the reinforced earth construction method in which the embankment is scattered at a certain layer thickness and after rolling, the embankment reinforcing material is buried in the embankment at a certain layer thickness to construct a reinforced earth structure. The embankment upper surface is formed in an uneven surface, an embankment reinforcing material made of a polymer material is laid thereon, the embankment is scattered thereon, and the embankment is rolled to align the embankment reinforcing material along the uneven surface. A reinforced earth method characterized by being buried in an uneven surface. In the reinforced earth construction method in which the embankment is scattered at a certain layer thickness and after rolling, the embankment reinforcing material is buried in the embankment at a certain layer thickness to construct a reinforced earth structure. Forming an upper surface of the embankment in an uneven surface shape, laying an embankment reinforcing material made of a polymer material on the embankment in a state of holding a space in a concave portion of the embankment upper surface, sprinkling the embankment thereon, and compacting the embankment. The embankment reinforcing method is characterized in that the embankment reinforcing material is stretched along the uneven surface in a state where the embankment reinforcing material is tensioned, and is buried in an uneven surface. 7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the recess is filled with a solidifying material, consolidated soil or crushed stone. Embankment laid on each embankment layer in a reinforced earth construction method in which an embankment is scattered every fixed layer thickness, and an embankment reinforcing material is embedded in the embankment every fixed layer thickness to construct a reinforced earth structure. An electromagnetic wave source such as a magnetic wave and a γ-ray that passes through the embankment and a sensor that receives the electromagnetic wave source and a sensor that receives the electromagnetic wave source and the sensor receiving the embankment are placed on the reinforcing material and the compacted embankment to be scattered on the embankment. And measuring the tensile force generated in the embankment reinforcing material by measuring the embankment reinforcing material.

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