JP2005137258A - Method for preventing invasion of beasts and vegetation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an invasion-preventing method for preventing the invasion of beasts, and to provide a vegetation structure. <P>SOLUTION: A growth base 3 for growing plants is formed on a slope, and then covered with a covering material 4. A wire net 5 is laid on the covering material 4. Coil springs 6 are disposed between the covering material 4 and the wire net 5. When the wire net 5 is stepped with breasts, the coil springs 6 are bent with the loads of the breasts to float or sink the wire net 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for preventing invasion of beasts and a greening structure.

Conventionally, slopes formed on hills and hillsides and sloped areas such as cliffs have been planted for the purpose of stabilizing the slopes and improving the landscape. As one of the greening works, spray works are widely used. In this spraying method, curing soil, organic matter such as compost or fertilizer and the like are sprayed on sloping land to form a plant growth base, and after a certain curing period, turf, clover, wormwood are placed on the growth base. Or grow a cover plant such as hagi. In addition, as this spraying method, for example, there is a construction method in which a mat, a net, or the like is stretched on the inside or upper surface of the growth base to stabilize the inclined surface (for example, see Patent Document 1).
JP 2000-064294 A

  However, in greening structures where such greening works have been constructed, there is a problem of damage caused by beasts such as antelopes such as antelopes and sika deer. In other words, when these beasts invade the greening structure, the plants rooted in the sloped land are stepped down by the revegetation work and decline, and the sloped land becomes unstable. Moreover, it is known that these beasts prefer to eat plants grown on the growth base. In particular, beasts such as cloven-hoofed animals reduce the number of plants that grow on inclined surfaces, for example, by stripping and feeding plants. When such damage is advanced, the ground is exposed, and collapse or sliding is likely to occur, and the effect of the greening process disappears.

  In response to this problem, it has been proposed to prevent the invasion of animals by installing an intrusion prevention fence around the sloped surface where the revegetation work has been constructed. This can be expensive. Also, depending on the slope, it may be difficult to install a prevention fence.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an intrusion prevention method and a greening structure for preventing invasion of animals.

  In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is a method for preventing invasion of animals using a growth base for growing plants and a protective net laid on the growth base, The gist is that at least a plurality of the laid protective nets are elastically supported so as to be separated from the growth base.

  The invention according to claim 2 is a method for preventing invasion of beasts using a covering material for covering a growth base for growing plants and a protective net laid on the covering material. The gist is that at least a plurality of locations of the protective mesh are elastically supported so as to be separated from the covering material.

The gist of the invention described in claim 3 is that the protection net is elastically supported by a coil spring in the method for preventing invasion of animals according to claim 1 or 2.
The invention according to claim 4 is a greening structure including a growth base for growing plants and a protective net laid on the growth base, and the protective net is stepped on by a beast. In this case, the gist is that an elastic member for displacing the protective net by the load is provided between the growth base and the protective net.

  Invention of Claim 5 is a greening structure provided with the growth base for growing a plant, the coating | covering material which coat | covers the said growth base | substrate, and the protection net | network laid on the said coating | covering material, The gist of the invention is that an elastic member is provided between the covering material and the protective net to displace the protective net by the load when the protective net is stepped on by a beast.

The gist of the invention according to claim 6 is the greening structure according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the elastic member is a coil spring.
The invention according to claim 7 is the greening structure according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the elastic member fixes the protective net and the protective net to the covering material or the growth base. The gist is that the anchor pin is fixed to the covering material or the growth base.

The gist of the invention according to claim 8 is the greening structure according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the elastic member has a gloss.
(Function)
According to invention of Claim 1, 2, 4, or 5, since the said protection net | network is elastically supported, when a beast walks on a protection net | network and tries to invade a greening structure, the said protection net | network is Following the movement of the beast, it will rise and fall (displace). As a result, the beast senses a sense of elasticity when walking on the protection net, and the feet become unstable and difficult to walk. For this reason, beasts will not be able to invade the protection net by vigilance. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent so-called food damage that is caused by feeding on plants grown on the growth base by animals. Further, since it is possible to prevent the animals from walking around the protection net, it is possible to prevent the growth base or the plants grown on the growth base from being treaded.

According to invention of Claim 3 or Claim 6, since the said protection net | network is elastically supported by a coil spring, the construction for elastic support becomes easy.
According to the invention of claim 7, since the elastic member is fixed to the covering material or the growth base by the protective net and an anchor pin for fixing the protective net, a fixing means for fixing the elastic member is necessary. Absent. For this reason, the number of parts can be reduced.

  According to invention of Claim 8, since an elastic member has glossiness, while being easily visually recognized by the animals, it can be alerted to the animals invading the greening structure.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the invasion prevention method and greening structure which prevent invasion of animals can be provided.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Drawing 1 is an explanatory view of a natural ground which has an inclined surface which completed revegetation work. FIG. 2 is a partial side view of the natural ground, and FIGS. 3 and 4 show cross sections of the natural ground along the lines AA and BB in FIG. 2, respectively.

  In the greening process of this embodiment, first, a kneaded material is sprayed on the slope 2 formed on the natural ground 1 (first step). This kneaded material is prepared by mixing fertilizers such as cultivating soil, bark compost, a bonding agent, and seeds. And this kneaded material is sprayed on the slope 2 (refer FIG.3 and FIG.4) using a squeeze pump or compressed air. The bonding agent mixed in the kneaded material has a function of fixing the culture soil, fertilizer and the like to each other, and minimizes the amount of the kneaded material flowing out from the slope 2 even when the kneaded material is exposed to rain wind.

The kneaded material sprayed on the slope 2 is formed along the slope 2 to form the growth base 3 shown in FIGS. The growth base 3 has a thickness that allows plants to grow on at least the slope 2 thereof. Specifically, the growth base 3 has a thickness of 10 to 100 mm.

  When the growth base 3 is formed, a covering material 4 is laid on the growth base 3 (second step). As shown in FIG. 2, the covering material 4 is formed by knitting a ridge with a string R in a comb shape. Since the covering material 4 has high heat retaining properties and high moisture retaining properties, the growth base 3 covered with the covering material 4 is maintained at a temperature and humidity at which seeds are likely to germinate. Since this covering material 4 is formed from cocoons as described above, it is decomposed by microorganisms within 1 to 2 years after construction, becomes nutrients for the plant, and becomes a part of the growth base 3. Therefore, the coating | covering material 4 is equipped with the function to reduce the thickness of the growth base 3 set according to the slope 2, the hardness of a natural ground, etc. at the time of construction.

  Further, when laying the covering material 4, as shown in FIG. 1, the string R is hooked on a plurality of anchor pins A driven into the shoulder 2 a at the top of the slope 2. Thereby, the coating | covering material 4 will be in the state hung on the growth base 3. FIG.

  Next, a metal mesh 5 is laid on the covering material 4 and the metal mesh 5 as a protective mesh is fixed to the slope 2 (third step). The wire mesh 5 is an iron wire mesh that has been subjected to galvanization, aluminum alloy coating, or the like, and is glossy. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, for example, the wire mesh 5 is knitted so as to form a rhombus mesh, and the intersections of the meshes are not welded. Moreover, the iron wire which comprises the metal-mesh 5 has a wire diameter of 1.6-3.2 mm. If this wire diameter is less than 1.6 mm, it will be deformed by the weight (50-80 kg) of adult animals such as sika deer, for example. Moreover, when a wire diameter is over 3.2 mm, the construction according to the unevenness | corrugation of a natural mountain becomes difficult. Accordingly, the wire diameter of the wire mesh 5 is preferably in the range of 1.6 to 3.2 mm as described above.

  Furthermore, the lengths L1 and L2 (see FIG. 2) of the meshes of the metal mesh 5 are sized so that sika deer legs do not fit. (If the wire mesh 5 is a diamond wire mesh, the length L1 is equal to the length L2.) Specifically, the lengths L1 and L2 of each mesh are in the range of 40 to 60 mm, respectively. Each iron wire is braided so as to cross each other at an angle of 70 to 110 degrees. In other words, the wire mesh 5 is formed so that a foot such as a sika deer does not fit into each mesh. Since the legs of sika deer etc. are about 30-50 mm wide and about 45-75 mm long, if the length L1, L2 of each mesh of the wire mesh 5 exceeds 60 mm, the legs of sika deer, etc. will fit. Cases tend to increase. On the other hand, when the lengths L1 and L2 are 45 mm or less, when the woody plants grow on the growth base 3, the wire net 5 bites into the trunk together with the enlargement of the trunk, causing stem breakage and generation of pests.

Then, after spreading the wire mesh 5 on the covering material 4, the anchor pin P is driven so as to be inserted into the ground 1 from the upper surface side of the wire mesh 5, and the wire mesh 5 and the covering material 4 are fixed to the slope 2. . The anchor pins P are driven at a rate of 1 to ² per 1 m ² depending on the geological condition.

  When the covering material 4 and the wire mesh 5 are fixed to the slope 2, the coil spring 6 as an elastic member is disposed between the wire mesh 5 and the covering material 4 (fourth step). The coil spring 6 is made of steel, and is coated with a normal zinc plating or a zinc powder paint mixed with an aluminum alloy. As a result, the coil spring 6 has a silvery white color and is glossy. Therefore, even if the coil spring 6 is disposed below the wire mesh 5, the coil spring 6 is easily visually recognized by animals. Moreover, the outer diameter of the coil spring 6 is 50 to 70 mm, and the height is 50 to 100 mm. Furthermore, the spring constant of the coil spring 6 is 6 to 10 N / mm.

When the coil spring 6 is disposed below the wire mesh 5, the wire mesh 5 is pulled away from the slope 2, and the coil spring 6 is passed from the mesh of the wire mesh 5 to below the wire mesh 5. The coil spring 6 is disposed between the covering material 4 and the wire mesh 5 so that the central axis of the coil spring 6 is perpendicular to the covering material 4 and the wire mesh 5. Then, the wire mesh 5 is pressed against the coil spring 6. Then, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the coil spring 6 is supported and fixed by being pressed against the covering material 4 by the metal mesh 5 and the anchor pin P that fixes the metal mesh 5, and the central axis thereof is on the slope 2. It arrange | positions so that it may become substantially perpendicular | vertical with respect to it. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the wire mesh 5 is in a state where the portions other than the portion where the anchor pin P is inserted are separated from the covering material 4 by about several mm to 100 mm. When a load is applied from above the wire mesh 5, the coil spring 6 is compressed by the load and the wire mesh 5 is lowered (displaced). In other words, the wire mesh 5 is elastically supported by the coil spring 6.

  If a beast such as a sika deer enters a revegetation base 7 completed through these steps before a plant grows from the growth base 3, the sika deer steps on the wire net 5. At this time, the coil spring 6 is compressed by the weight of the sika deer and the like being added to the wire mesh 5, and the bending amount changes each time the sika deer moves, so that the wire mesh 5 floats and sinks (displaces) according to the elastic deformation of the coil spring 6. As a result, sika deer, etc. feel a sense of elasticity and feel uncomfortable. Also, for sika deer and the like, the feet become unstable and it becomes difficult to walk. In such a state, sika deer and the like are known to have a habit of vigilance not to invade further. For this reason, even if a sika deer or the like who tried to invade the wire net 5 does not step into the inside of the wire net 5 and step on the growth base 3 before the plant grows, it does not step on the wire net 5.

  And if a predetermined curing period passes, a cover plant will grow from the growth base 3 of the greening base 7. Plants grown from the growth base 3 extend toward the wire mesh 5 and eventually protrude above the wire mesh 5 through the meshes. Even when an animal such as sika deer tries to invade the revegetation base 7 in order to eat the grown plant, the sika deer steps on the end of the wire mesh 5 and warns the wire mesh 5 that bends whenever it moves. For this reason, sika deer etc. do not penetrate into the inside of the wire net 5 and feed the plants. In addition, even if you eat a plant that grows in a relatively easy place (for example, an end) of the revegetation base 7 without invading the inside, only the tip that protrudes from the wire mesh 5 is eaten, The lower part of the wire mesh 5 cannot be eaten. Plants suffer from poor growth if they are damaged by the ground, but they can recover quickly if only high portions are eaten, so that even if the tip protruding from the wire mesh 5 is eaten, the damage can be minimized. Moreover, since the sprout of a plant, etc. will be under the wire mesh 5 and is not easily damaged by food, it can be prevented that the growth of the plant is hindered by food damage.

According to the above embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) In the above embodiment, the coil spring 6 is provided between the covering material 4 and the wire mesh 5, and the wire mesh 5 is elastically supported so as to be separated from the covering material 4. For this reason, when a beast such as a sika deer is trying to invade the revegetation base 7, the coil spring 6 is elastically deformed by the load. As a result, the wire net 5 rises and falls (displaces), so that the beasts feel a sense of elasticity and feel uncomfortable. Further, when the wire net 5 rises and falls, the feet become unstable for the beasts, making it difficult to walk. Accordingly, the beasts will not invade the revegetation base 7 with caution. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent so-called food damage, in which a plant grown on the growth base 3 is eaten by a beast. Moreover, since it is possible to prevent the animals from walking around the wire net 5, it is possible to prevent the growth base 3 from being treaded. For this reason, the effect of the revegetation work applied to the natural ground 1 can be demonstrated and sustained.

  (2) In the above embodiment, the elastic member provided between the covering material 4 and the wire mesh 5 is the coil spring 6. For this reason, compared with other general elastic members, after laying the wire mesh 5 on the covering material 4, the coil spring 6 is pushed in from the mesh of the wire mesh 5, and the construction becomes easy.

(3) In the above embodiment, the coil spring 6 is supported and fixed to the growth base 3 and the covering material 4 by the wire mesh 5 and the anchor pin P that fixes the wire mesh 5. That is, since the coil spring 6 can be fixed using a general member used for greening work without using a separate part for fixing the coil spring 6, the number of members used for the greening work base 7 can be reduced. .

  (4) In the said embodiment, since the coil spring 6 exhibits silver white and has gloss, it is easy to be visually recognized by the animals. For this reason, beasts can be alerted by recognizing that there is a foreign object in the greening base 7.

  (5) In the above embodiment, since the coil spring 6 has a height of 50 to 100 mm and a spring constant of 6 to 10 N / mm, a sika deer having a weight of about 50 to 80 kg has stepped on the wire mesh 5. Sometimes, the coil spring 6 is compressed by several mm to several tens of mm. As a result, the wire mesh 5 is lowered by several mm to several tens mm in accordance with the compression of the coil spring 6, so that it is possible to make the animals feel a sense of elasticity clearly. Further, it is difficult to walk on the wire mesh 5.

In addition, you may change this embodiment as follows.
In the above embodiment, the growth base 3 is covered with the covering material 4, and the coil spring 6 is provided between the covering material 4 and the wire mesh 5. The coil spring 6 may be disposed on a greening base that does not use the covering material 4. In this case, a wire mesh 5 is laid on the growth base 3, and a coil spring 6 is provided between the growth base 3 and the wire mesh 5 to elastically support the wire mesh 5.

  In the above embodiment, the wire mesh 5 provided in the greening base 7 is a wire mesh made of a so-called diamond wire mesh having a rhombus mesh, but this may be a turtle shell wire mesh or the like. It is not limited.

  -In the said embodiment, the zinc mesh coating etc. which mixed normal zinc plating or the aluminum alloy etc. were given to the metal-mesh 5. The coil spring 6 was galvanized, painted with an aluminum alloy, or the like. The wire mesh 5 and the coil spring 6 may be subjected to other coating methods. At this time, it is desirable that the coil spring 6 be coated so as to have at least gloss.

  In the above embodiment, the lengths L1 and L2 of the meshes of the metal mesh 5 are 40 to 60 mm, respectively. For this reason, for example, the size may be changed depending on the beast to be prevented from entering.

  In the above embodiment, the outer diameter of the coil spring 6 is 50 to 70 mm and the height is 50 to 100 mm. Furthermore, the spring constant of the coil spring 6 was 6 to 10 N / mm. The configuration of the coil spring 6 is not limited to this, and it may be any configuration as long as a beast such as sika deer steps on the wire net 5 and clearly gives the beast a feeling of elasticity.

In the above-described embodiment, the cover 4 is knitted in a comb shape with the string R, but it may be a sheet or mat formed from other plant fibers, wood, or the like.
In the above embodiment, the coil spring 6 is sandwiched between the covering material 4 and the wire mesh 5 and fixed to the covering material 4 (slope 2) by being pressed against the wire mesh 5. In addition, the coil spring 6 and the wire mesh 5 may be bound and fixed with a wire or the like. Moreover, you may fix using the pin which fixes the coil spring 6 with respect to the coating | covering material 4, the growth base 3, etc. FIG.

In the above embodiment, the coil spring 6 is used as the elastic member. In addition, a leaf spring, a rubber material, a bellows-like elastic member or the like may be used as the elastic member. Moreover, you may use biodegradable materials, such as a bamboo material and biodegradable plastics, as a material which forms an elastic member.

  In the above embodiment, the present invention has been described as being applied to the greening foundation 7 formed on the slope 2, but this may be applied to a slope of a natural mountain where construction such as cut soil is not performed or green It may be used on flat ground where chemical processing is required.

The perspective view for demonstrating the slope which constructed the tree planting method of this embodiment. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the same slope. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the same slope. The cross-sectional view of the same slope.

Explanation of symbols

  3 ... Growth base, 4 ... Coating material, 5 ... Metal net as protective net, 6 ... Coil spring as elastic member, 7 ... Greening base as greening structure.

Claims (8)

A method for preventing invasion of beasts using a growth base for growing plants and a protective net laid on the growth base,
A method for preventing the invasion of beasts, characterized in that at least a plurality of the laid protective nets are elastically supported so as to be separated from the growth base. A method for preventing invasion of beasts using a covering material for covering a growth base for growing plants, and a protective net laid on the covering material,
A method for preventing the invasion of beasts, characterized in that at least a plurality of the laid protective nets are elastically supported so as to be separated from the covering material. In the invasion prevention method of the beast according to claim 1 or 2,
A method for preventing invasion of beasts, characterized in that the protective net is elastically supported by a coil spring. A greening structure comprising a growth base for growing plants and a protective net laid on the growth base,
A greening structure, wherein an elastic member is provided between the growth base and the protective net to displace the protective net by a load when the protective net is stepped on by a beast. A greening structure comprising a growth base for growing a plant, a covering material covering the growth base, and a protective net laid on the covering material,
A greening structure, wherein an elastic member is provided between the covering material and the protective net to displace the protective net by a load when the protective net is stepped on by a beast. In the greening structure according to claim 4 or 5,
The greening structure according to claim 1, wherein the elastic member is a coil spring. In the greening structure as described in any one of Claims 4-6,
The greening structure, wherein the elastic member is fixed to the covering material or the growth base by the protection net and an anchor pin for fixing the protection net to the covering material or the growth base. . In the greening structure as described in any one of Claims 4-7,
The greening structure, wherein the elastic member has a gloss.

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