JP2007104940A - Method for preventing beast from invading and structural material for vegetation - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for preventing beasts from invading and a structural material for vegetation. <P>SOLUTION: On a slope 2, a growth base 3 for growing plants is formed and a subsidence-preventing member 4 is arranged on the growing base 3. Also, a wire net 5 is installed on the growing base 3 arranged with the subsidence-preventing member 4, and between the growth base 3 and wire net 5, coil springs 6 are arranged. When the beasts step on the wire net 5, the coil springs 6 are bent between the wire net 5 and subsidence-preventing member 4 by their load to make the wire net 5 float and sink. Further, the subsidence-preventing member 4 prevents the subsidence of the coil springs 6 into the growth base 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for preventing invasion of beasts and a greening structure.

  Conventionally, slopes formed on hills and hillsides and sloped areas such as cliffs have been planted for the purpose of stabilizing the slopes and improving the landscape. As one of the greening works, spray works are widely used. In this spraying method, curing soil, organic matter such as compost or fertilizer etc. and seeds are sprayed on sloped land to form a plant growth base, and after a certain curing period, grass, clover, wormwood on the growth base, Or grow a cover plant such as hagi. In addition, as this spraying method, for example, there is a construction method in which a mat, a net, or the like is stretched on the inside or upper surface of the growth base to stabilize the inclined surface (for example, see Patent Document 1). There is also a method of using artificial turf where seeds and fertilizer are bonded to the mat and the mat is laid on the slope.

  In the greening structure in which such a revegetation work has been constructed, damage caused by beasts such as antelopes such as antelopes and sika deer has become a problem. In other words, when these beasts invade the greening structure, the plants rooted in the sloped land are stepped down by the revegetation work and decline, and the sloped land becomes unstable. Moreover, it is known that these beasts prefer to eat plants grown on the growth base. In particular, beasts such as cloven-hoofed animals reduce the number of plants that grow on inclined surfaces, for example, by stripping and feeding plants. When such damage is advanced, the ground is exposed, and collapse or sliding is likely to occur, and the effect of the greening process disappears.

In response to this problem, a greening structure that elastically supports a protective net stretched on a growth base has been proposed (see Patent Document 2). In this greening structure, when a beast walks on the protection net and attempts to enter, the protection net rises and falls (displaces) following the movement of the beast, making it difficult to walk. Therefore, since it becomes difficult for the animals to enter the protection net by vigilance, it is possible to prevent the greening structure from being treaded and damaged.
JP 2000-064294 A JP 2005-137258 A

  However, when an elastic member such as a coil spring is interposed between the growth base and the net, there is a problem that the elastic member sinks to the growth base due to the load of the net or the beast. When the elastic member sinks to the growth base, when the animal steps on the protective net, the amount of bending of the elastic member is small, and the amount of displacement of the protective net may be small. For this reason, when an elastic member sinks to a growth base, there exists a possibility that the invasion prevention effect of animals may not fully be exhibited.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said problem, The objective is to provide the invasion prevention method and greening structure which prevent invasion of animals.

  In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 is a method for preventing invasion of animals using a growth base for growing plants and a protective net laid on the growth base, The gist is to elastically support at least a plurality of locations of the laid protective net so as to be separated from the growth base by an elastic member that is regulated to sink to the growth base.

The invention according to claim 2, when a protective net is laid on a growth base on which a plant grows, and when the protective net is stepped on by a beast between the growth base and the protective net, The gist is a greening structure provided with an elastic member to be displaced, and is provided with a subsidence prevention member that restricts subsidence of the elastic member toward the growth base.

The gist of the invention described in claim 3 is that, in the greening structure according to claim 2, the subsidence prevention member is installed on the lower surface of the elastic member.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the greening structure according to the second or third aspect, the elastic member is a coil spring, and the coil spring, together with the subsidence prevention member, is anchored by the anchor pin. The gist is that it is fixed to the base.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the greening structure according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, the subsidence prevention member is formed in a bowl shape, and the elastic member is disposed in a part thereof. The gist of the invention is that it is provided with a recess.

  The gist of the invention according to claim 6 is that in the greening structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the subsidence prevention member is made of wood.

  According to the invention described in claim 1 or 2, since the protective net laid on the growth base is elastically supported, when the animals walk on the protective net and attempt to enter the greening structure, The protection net follows up and down (displaces) following the movement of the beast. Therefore, since the animals are wary and do not enter the protection net, it is possible to prevent the so-called food damage that the plants that have grown on the growth base are eaten by the animals and the treading of the plants that have grown on the growth base. Furthermore, the elastic member is prevented from sinking to the growth base. For this reason, when the protective net is stepped on by the beast, the amount of flexure of the elastic member can be increased to sufficiently raise and lower the protective net.

According to invention of Claim 3, a settlement prevention member is installed in the elastic member lower surface. For this reason, complication of construction can be prevented.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the coil spring is fixed to the growth base together with the settlement preventing member by the anchor pin. For this reason, the position shift with respect to the growth base of a coil spring and a settlement prevention member can be prevented.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the settlement prevention member is formed in a bowl shape and includes a recess in a part thereof. For this reason, a sinking prevention member can be manufactured with few manufacturing processes, for example using a thinned log.

  According to the invention described in claim 6, the settlement prevention member is made of wood. For this reason, even if a part of the settlement-preventing member is damaged, the damaged wood can be reduced to the soil, so that there is no load on the environment.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Drawing 1 is an explanatory view of a natural ground which has an inclined surface which completed revegetation work. FIG. 2 is a partial side view of the same mountain, and FIG. 3 shows a cross-section of the natural mountain along the line AA in FIG. 4 and 5 are a perspective view and a plan view of the settlement preventing member.

In the greening work of this embodiment, first, the kneaded material is sprayed on the slope 2 formed on the natural ground 1 to form the growth base 3 shown in FIG. 3 (first step). The kneaded material is prepared by mixing fertilizers such as soil, bark compost, a bonding agent, and seeds. And this kneaded material is sprayed on the slope 2 (refer FIG. 3) using a squeeze pump or compressed air. The bonding agent mixed in the kneaded material has a function of fixing the culture soil, fertilizer and the like to each other, and minimizes the amount of the kneaded material flowing out from the slope 2 even when the kneaded material is exposed to rain wind.

  The kneaded material sprayed on the slope 2 is formed along the slope 2 to form a growth base 3 shown in FIG. The growth base 3 has a thickness that allows plants to grow on at least the slope 2. Specifically, the growth base 3 has a thickness of 10 to 100 mm.

  When the growth base 3 is formed, the settlement prevention member 4 is disposed on the growth base 3 (second step). As shown in FIG. 4, the settlement prevention member 4 is formed by dividing a thinned log material in half in the longitudinal direction, and has a bowl shape with a semicircular cross section. The width (length in the x-axis direction in the figure) is about 400 mm, and the height (length in the z-axis direction in the figure) is 70 to 100 mm. Further, a concave portion 4b is cut from the outer peripheral surface 4a side to the bottom surface 4d side at a substantially central portion of the settlement preventing member 4. The bottom surface 4c of the recess 4b is formed in parallel with the bottom surface 4d of the settlement preventing member 4, and the width (length in the x-axis direction) is 60 to 120 mm, and the depth (length in the y-axis direction) is 60 to 100 mm. The depth (length in the z-axis direction) is 20 to 70 mm. That is, the recess 4b is formed to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the coil spring 6 described later, and the depth is formed to be shorter than the height of the coil spring 6.

  Moreover, since the recessed part 4b is formed by cutting from the lateral side of the outer peripheral surface 4a of the settlement preventing member 4, two places in the depth direction (y direction in FIG. 4) of the recessed part 4b are in an open state. By forming the recess 4b, a pedestal 4e for disposing the coil spring 6 is formed in the central portion of the settlement preventing member 4. Further, a hole (not shown) for facilitating driving the anchor pin P is formed at a position slightly deviated from the center of the base 4e in the y-axis direction in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the settlement preventing member 4 has its bottom surface 4d facing the slope 2, and its longitudinal direction (width direction) is the horizontal direction of the slope 2 (X direction in FIG. 2). It is arrange | positioned so that it may become parallel. Further, the settlement preventing member 4 is arranged at a ratio of one to one square meter of the slope 2. At this time, when the slope angle of the slope 2 is large and the settlement preventing member 4 is likely to slide down from the slope 2, it may be temporarily fixed by a pin (not shown).

  When the settlement preventing member 4 is disposed, a wire mesh 5 as a protective mesh is laid on the growth base 3 on which the settlement prevention member 4 is disposed, and the wire mesh 5 is fixed to the slope 2 (third step). The metal mesh 5 is an iron metal mesh that is galvanized and coated with an aluminum alloy, and has a gloss. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the wire mesh 5 is knitted so as to form, for example, a rhombus mesh, and the intersections of the meshes are not welded. Moreover, the iron wire which comprises the metal-mesh 5 has a wire diameter of 1.6-3.2 mm. If this wire diameter is less than 1.6 mm, it will be deformed by the weight (50-80 kg) of adult animals such as sika deer, for example. Moreover, when a wire diameter is more than 3.2 mm, the construction according to the unevenness | corrugation of a natural mountain becomes difficult. Accordingly, the wire diameter of the wire mesh 5 is preferably in the range of 1.6 to 3.2 mm as described above.

  Furthermore, the lengths L1 and L2 (see FIG. 2) of the meshes of the metal mesh 5 are sized so that sika deer legs do not fit. (If the wire mesh 5 is a diamond wire mesh, the length L1 is equal to the length L2.) Specifically, the lengths L1 and L2 of each mesh are in the range of 40 to 60 mm, respectively. Each iron wire is braided so as to cross each other at an angle of 70 to 110 degrees. Since the legs of sika deer etc. are about 30-50 mm wide and about 45-75 mm long, if the length L1, L2 of the wire mesh 5 exceeds 60 mm, the number of sika deer legs will increase. It is in. On the other hand, when the lengths L1 and L2 are less than 45 mm, when woody plants grow on the growth base 3, the wire net 5 bites into the trunk together with the enlargement of the trunk, causing stem breakage and generation of pests.

  Then, after spreading the wire mesh 5 on the settlement prevention member 4 and the growth base 3, the anchor pin P is driven so as to be inserted into the ground 1 from the upper surface side of the wire mesh 5, and the wire mesh 5 is fixed to the slope 2. To do. The anchor pins P are driven at a rate of 1 to 2 per square meter, depending on the geological condition.

  When the wire mesh 5 is fixed to the slope 2, the coil spring 6 as an elastic member is disposed on the base 4e of the settlement preventing member 4 below the wire mesh 5 (fourth step). The coil spring 6 is made of steel and is coated with a normal zinc plating or a zinc powder paint mixed with an aluminum alloy. As a result, the coil spring 6 has a silvery white color and is glossy. Therefore, even if the coil spring 6 is disposed below the wire mesh 5, the coil spring 6 is easily visually recognized by animals. The outer shape of the coil spring 6 is 50 to 70 mm, and the height is 50 to 100 mm. Furthermore, the spring constant of the coil spring 6 is 6 to 10 N / mm.

  When the coil spring 6 is disposed between the base 4 e of the settlement preventing member 4 and the wire mesh 5, the wire mesh 5 is pulled away from the slope 2, and the coil spring 6 is pulled from the mesh of the wire mesh 5 to the wire mesh 5. Pass down. 3 and 4, the central axis of the coil spring 6 is perpendicular to the base 4e of the sinking prevention member 4 and the wire mesh 5, so that the space between the sinking prevention member 4 and the wire mesh 5 is between them. Arrange. As described above, since the depth of the recess 4b of the settlement preventing member 4 is shorter than the height of the coil spring 6, as shown in FIGS. 4 is projected from the outer peripheral surface 4a. The depth of the recess 4b is desirably equal to or less than the contact height of the coil spring 6 (height when the coils adjacent to each other are in close contact in the compressed state).

  When the coil spring 6 is disposed on the base 4 e of the settlement preventing member 4, the wire mesh 5 is pressed against the upper end of the coil spring 6 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, from the inside of the coil spring 6, an anchor pin P is driven into a hole formed in the base 4 e of the settlement prevention member 4, so that the coil spring 6 and the settlement prevention member 4 are made to the slope 2. And fix. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the tip of the anchor pin P is hooked on the intersection of the wire mesh 5 or the like. Thereby, the coil spring 6 and the settlement prevention member 4 are fixed to the slope 2 and also to the wire mesh 5.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, the wire mesh 5 is in a state in which a portion other than the anchor pin P is driven is separated from the slope 2 by about several mm to 150 mm. When a load is applied from above the wire mesh 5, the coil spring 6 is compressed by the load and the wire mesh 5 is lowered (displaced). In other words, the wire mesh 5 is elastically supported by the coil spring 6.

  If a beast such as sika deer enters the revegetation base 7 completed through these steps before the plant grows from the growth base 3, the sika deer steps on the wire net 5. At this time, the coil spring 6 is compressed by the weight of the sika deer and the like being added to the wire mesh 5, and the bending amount changes each time the sika deer moves, so that the wire mesh 5 floats and sinks (displaces) according to the elastic deformation of the coil spring 6. As a result, sika deer, etc. feel the elastic force and feel uncomfortable. Also, for sika deer and the like, the feet become unstable and it becomes difficult to walk. In such a state, sika deer and the like are known to have a habit of vigilance not to invade further. For this reason, even if a sika deer or the like who tried to invade the wire net 5 does not step into the inside of the wire net 5 and step on the growth base 3 before the plant grows, it does not step on the wire net 5.

In addition, the coil spring 6 is prevented from sinking in the direction of the growth base 3 by the settlement preventing member 4. Further, the coil spring 6 and the settlement prevention member 4 are restricted from moving in a direction parallel to the slope 2 by the anchor pin P that is hooked on the wire net 5 and driven into the growth base 3. . Further, the coil spring 6 is pressed against the settlement preventing member 4 by the wire mesh 5 so as not to be inclined. For this reason, the coil spring 6 includes a sinking prevention member 4 and a wire mesh 5.
Can maintain a vertical posture. Further, by being arranged on a pedestal 4e that is planar and harder than the growth base 3, the energy due to the addition of load is efficiently absorbed between the wire mesh 5 and the settlement prevention member 4 and is sufficiently bent. Therefore, the wire net 5 can be sufficiently raised and lowered following the movement of the beast.

  When a predetermined curing base has passed, a cover plant grows from the growth base 3 of the greening base 7. Plants grown from the growth base 3 extend toward the wire mesh 5 and eventually protrude above the wire mesh 5 through the meshes. Even when an animal such as a sika deer tries to eat the grown plant and tries to invade the revegetation base 7, the sika deer steps on the end of the wire mesh 5 and warns the wire mesh 5 that bends whenever it moves. For this reason, sika deer etc. do not penetrate into the inside of the wire net 5 and feed the plants. Further, since the coil spring 6 is prevented from sinking to the growth base 3 by the sinking prevention member 4, even when a plurality of different beasts try to invade after the revegetation base 7 is completed, In addition, the coil spring 6 does not sink into the growth base 3 little by little. Therefore, the effect of the coil spring 6 can be continued even when a long time has elapsed.

  In addition, even if you eat a plant that grows in a relatively easy place (for example, an end) of the revegetation base 7 without invading the inside, only the tip protruding from the wire mesh 5 is eaten, The lower part of the wire mesh 5 cannot be eaten. Plants are poorly grown when they are damaged by the ground, but they can recover quickly if only high portions are eaten, so that even if the tip protruding from the wire mesh 5 is eaten, the damage can be minimized. Moreover, since the sprout of a plant, etc. will be under the wire mesh 5 and is not easily damaged by food, it can be prevented that the growth of the plant is hindered by food damage.

According to the above embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) In the above embodiment, the coil spring 6 is provided between the sinking prevention member 4 disposed on the growth base 3 and the wire mesh 5 so that the wire mesh 5 is elastically supported so as to be separated from the growth base 3. did. For this reason, when a beast such as a sika deer, such as sika deer, tries to enter the revegetation base 7 and steps on the wire mesh 5, the coil spring 6 is elastically deformed by the load of the beast. At this time, since the settlement to the growth base 3 is suppressed by the settlement prevention member 4, the amount of deflection of the coil spring 6 can be increased. As a result, the wire net 5 sufficiently rises and falls (displaces), so that the animals feel a sense of elasticity and feel uncomfortable. Further, when the wire net 5 rises and falls, the feet become unstable for the beast and it becomes difficult to walk. Accordingly, the beasts will not invade the revegetation base 7 with caution. Therefore, it is possible to prevent so-called food damage, in which plants grown on the growth base 3 by the animals are eaten. Moreover, since it is possible to prevent the animals from walking around the wire net 5, it is possible to prevent the growth base 3 from being treaded. Moreover, since the settlement of the coil spring 6 can be prevented by the settlement prevention member 4, the effect of the coil spring 6 can be continued even if attempts of invasion by different beasts are repeated. For this reason, the effect of the revegetation work applied to the natural ground 1 can be demonstrated and sustained.

(2) In the above embodiment, the settlement preventing member 4 is installed on the lower surface of the coil spring 6. For this reason, complication of construction can be prevented.
(3) In the above embodiment, the coil spring 6 is fixed to the growth base 3 by the anchor pin P together with the settlement preventing member 4. For this reason, the position shift with respect to the slope 2 of the coil spring 6 and the settlement preventing member 4 can be prevented. Therefore, since the coil spring 6 can maintain a vertical posture between the settlement preventing member 4 and the wire mesh 5, the wire mesh 5 can be continuously elastically supported.

(4) In the embodiment described above, the settlement prevention member 4 is formed in a bowl shape having a half-moon cross section by dividing the log material in half. And the center part was cut, and it was made to form the base 4e. For this reason, by arranging the bottom surface 4d of the subsidence prevention member 4 toward the growth base 3, it is possible to increase the contact area with the growth base 3, and to prevent the subsidence prevention member 4 from being displaced from the slope 2 and slipping. Moreover, the manufacturing process of the settlement prevention member 4 can be reduced.

  (5) In the above embodiment, the settlement preventing member 4 is made of wood. For this reason, even if a part of the settlement prevention member 4 is damaged, the damaged wood can be reduced to the soil, so that there is no load on the environment.

In addition, you may change this embodiment as follows.
In the above embodiment, the wire mesh 5 stretched on the greening base 7 is a so-called diamond wire mesh having a rhombus mesh, but this may be a turtle shell wire mesh, and the type of wire mesh is not limited to the diamond shape. .

  -In the said embodiment, the zinc mesh coating etc. which mixed normal zinc plating or the aluminum alloy etc. were given to the metal-mesh 5. The coil spring 6 was galvanized, painted with an aluminum alloy, or the like. The wire mesh 5 and the coil spring 6 may be subjected to other coating methods. At this time, it is desirable that the coil spring 6 is painted so as to have at least gloss.

  In the above embodiment, the lengths L1 and L2 of the meshes of the metal mesh 5 are 40 to 60 mm, respectively. For this reason, for example, the size may be changed depending on the beast to be prevented from entering.

  In the above embodiment, the outer diameter of the coil spring 6 is 50 to 70 mm and the height is 50 to 100 mm. Furthermore, the spring constant of the coil spring 6 was 6 to 10 N / mm. The configuration of the coil spring 6 is not limited to this, and it may be any configuration as long as a beast such as sika deer steps on the wire net 5 and clearly gives the beast a feeling of elasticity.

  In the above embodiment, the settlement prevention member 4 is arranged so that its longitudinal direction is parallel to the horizontal direction of the slope 2. In addition to this, the subsidence prevention member 4 may be arranged so that the longitudinal direction thereof is parallel to the vertical direction of the slope 2 (inclination direction, Y direction in FIG. 2).

  In the above embodiment, the sinking prevention member 4 has a width of about 400 mm and a height of 70 to 100 mm, but has a size that stably supports the coil spring 6 and does not disturb the ups and downs of the wire mesh 5. If it is. Moreover, although the recessed part 4b cut by the settlement prevention member 4 made the width and depth of the bottom face 4c 60-120 mm and 60-100 mm, it may be changed according to the outer diameter of the coil spring 6. What is necessary is just to be able to support the spring 6 stably. Moreover, although the height of the recessed part 4b was 20-70 mm, when the coil spring 6 is arrange | positioned in the recessed part 4b, the height (depth) which the upper end of the coil spring 6 can protrude from the outer peripheral surface 4a of the subsidence prevention member 4 If it is.

  In the above embodiment, the recess 4b of the settlement prevention member 4 is open at two locations, but may be formed in a shape having four peripheral wall surfaces and a bottom surface. In this case, even when the coil spring 6 is deviated for some reason, it is possible to prevent a large positional deviation on the peripheral wall surface.

In the above embodiment, a hole for driving the anchor pin P may be formed in the center of the settlement prevention member 4.
In the above embodiment, the sinking prevention member 4 is formed in a bowl shape, but may be formed in other shapes such as a simple plate shape.

-In the said embodiment, you may make it lay the coating | covering material (not shown) which braided the bran on the growth base 3 in a comb shape. And you may make it arrange | position the subsidence prevention member 4, the coil spring 6, and the metal-mesh 5 on it. Also in this case, the sinking prevention member 4 can prevent the coil spring 6 from sinking to the growth base 3, and the coil spring 6 can efficiently absorb the energy due to the load of the animal and increase the amount of bending.

The perspective view for demonstrating the slope which constructed the tree planting method of this embodiment. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the same slope. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the same slope. The perspective view of the settlement prevention member and coil spring which are arrange | positioned on the same slope. Explanatory drawing of the state which has arrange | positioned the same settlement prevention member and the same coil spring.

Explanation of symbols

  2 ... Slope, 3 ... Growth base, 4 ... Settlement prevention member, 4b ... Concave part, 5 ... Wire mesh as protective net, 6 ... Coil spring as elastic member, 7 ... Greening base as greening structure, P ... Anchor pin.

Claims (6)

A method for preventing invasion of beasts using a growth base for growing plants and a protective net laid on the growth base,
A method for preventing invasion of beasts, comprising: elastically supporting at least a plurality of portions of the laid protective net by an elastic member that is restricted from sinking to the growth base so as to be separated from the growth base. A greening structure in which a protective net is laid on a growth base on which plants grow, and an elastic member is provided between the growth base and the protective net to displace the protective net when the protective net is stepped on by a beast. A thing,
A greening structure comprising a settlement preventing member for regulating settlement of the elastic member to the growth base side. In the greening structure according to claim 2,
The greening structure is characterized in that the settlement preventing member is installed on the lower surface of the elastic member. In the greening structure according to claim 2 or 3,
The greening structure, wherein the elastic member is a coil spring, and the coil spring is fixed to the growth base by an anchor pin together with the settling prevention member. In the greening structure of any one of Claims 2-4,
The greening structure is characterized in that the settlement preventing member is formed in a bowl shape and includes a recess for arranging the elastic member in a part thereof. In the greening structure of any one of Claims 2-5,
The greening structure is characterized in that the settlement prevention member is made of wood.

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