JP2005125952A - Finger guard for cooling fan of construction machine and cooling device for construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce noise and to reduce pressure loss of cooling air, in a finger guard for a cooling fan of a construction machine and a cooling device for the construction machine. <P>SOLUTION: The finger guard 30 provided relative to the cooling fan 25 stored in the engine room for the construction machine and circulating cooling air to a cooling unit 24a is constituted such that a part 31 covering at least an outer periphery of the cooling fan is formed by a non-permeable material and an opening 33 is formed at a predetermined position of the part 31 covering the outer periphery of the above cooling fan 25. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a finger guard for a cooling fan of a construction machine used for a cooling fan installed in an engine room of a construction machine, and a cooling device for a construction machine using the same.

  Today, various construction machines such as traveling construction machines such as excavators and wheel loaders and stationary construction machines such as cranes are used in various fields such as construction sites, harbors, factories, and the like. For example, in a hydraulic excavator that is a traveling construction machine, the construction machine has a lower traveling body 101 and an upper revolving body 102 that is pivotably disposed above the lower traveling body 101 as shown in FIG. The upper revolving unit 102 is provided with three parts including a work device 103 that performs various work. Of these, the upper swing body 102 has a counterweight 102-1 disposed behind the machine body, and an engine room 102-2 disposed in front of the machine body of the counterweight 102-1.

Here, engine room 102-2 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a configuration of a general engine room, and is a schematic cross-sectional view of the engine room viewed from the front of the body.
In the engine room 102-2, devices such as the engine 106 and the hydraulic pump 108 are disposed, and the working device 103 (see FIG. 14) is operated by the hydraulic pressure generated by driving the hydraulic pump 108 by the engine 106.

  Construction machines are generally used in harsh environments such as excavation of rocks in dams, tunnels, rivers, roads, etc., and demolition of buildings and buildings. In such environments, equipment such as the engine 106 and the hydraulic pump 108 are used. The load applied to the engine is high, and the engine temperature and the oil temperature are likely to rise. Therefore, in these construction machines, as shown in FIG. 15, a cooling package 104 made up of a relatively large-capacity radiator, oil cooler, or the like is provided in the cooling air flow path generated by the fan 105 driven by the engine 106. In addition, engine cooling water and hydraulic oil are cooled by these cooling packages 104 (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

That is, external air (cooling air) is sucked from the upper opening 110 of the radiator room 102A in which the cooling package 104 is installed by the rotation of the fan 105, and this air passes through the core of the fin-shaped cooling package 104. In doing so, the engine cooling water and hydraulic oil are cooled.
The main engine room 102B is provided with an opening 111 on the upper surface and an opening 112 on the lower surface at a predetermined distance from the fan 105 in the fan axial flow direction (left-right direction in FIG. 15). Yes. The opening 111 on the upper surface includes a plurality of openings formed in a mesh shape or a louver shape, and is formed with a relatively large width in the fan axial flow direction. On the other hand, the opening 112 on the lower surface is formed as a single opening having a relatively large area.

The pump room 102C in which the hydraulic pump 108 is installed is provided with an opening 113 on the upper surface and an opening 114 on the lower surface. These openings 113 and 114 are openings of the main engine room 102B. Like 111, it consists of a plurality of openings formed in a mesh shape or a louver shape.
Air that has been heated to a high temperature by cooling the engine coolant or hydraulic oil is discharged to the outside from the exhaust openings 111 and 112 of the main engine room 102B, or passes through the main engine room 102B, and the air in the pump room 102C. The gas is discharged from the exhaust openings 113 and 114 to the outside.

  Further, a finger guard 105a is attached to the cooling air discharge side of the cooling fan 105 so that an operator does not touch the cooling fan 105 during maintenance work (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1). The finger guard 105 a is composed of a plurality of spokes arranged at intervals where a finger or the like cannot be inserted, and is supported by a shroud 104 a that is a component of the cooling package 104 and is installed between the core of the cooling package 104 and the cooling fan 105. Has been.

By the way, especially in the hydraulic excavator, the flow of air discharged from the fan 105 has almost no component in the fan axial direction, and the component in the centrifugal direction and the component in the swirl direction (hereinafter collectively referred to as the centrifugal / swirl direction component). Has been confirmed to be the main component.
Hereinafter, the reason for this will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the case of a hydraulic excavator, the space in which the radiator, the engine, and the like can be mounted inside the upper swing body 102 is as shown in FIG. 16A, and is narrower than the space of other construction machines as shown in FIG. In particular, the cross-sectional area (cross section perpendicular to the fan axial flow direction) is reduced. This is because if the height of the engine room is increased, the rear view from the driver's seat in front of the engine room is obstructed, and if the width of the engine room (the length of the front and rear of the construction machine) is increased, the captain will This is because it becomes longer and the turning radius at the rear end of the construction machine becomes larger, which is inconvenient for use in a narrow field.

  Thus, in the hydraulic excavator, the thickness of the cooling package 104 (dimension with respect to the direction in which the cooling air travels) is increased, and the contact area between the cooling package 104 and the cooling air, that is, the cooling package 104 is reduced. The cooling performance is ensured. As a result, the pressure resistance received when the cooling air passes through the cooling package 104 becomes relatively large.

  In construction machines, axial fans are generally used as cooling fans in order to reduce cost and size. FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing a performance curve of a general axial fan. As apparent from the performance curve L, in the axial fan, generally, the fan air volume V per unit time tends to decrease as the pressure loss ΔP on the upstream side of the fan increases. The fan air volume V is the amount of movement of the cooling air from the upstream side of the fan to the downstream side of the fan. Therefore, the axial flow that is a linear flow from the upstream side of the fan to the downstream side of the fan increases as the pressure loss ΔP on the upstream side of the fan increases. Directional flow is particularly difficult to obtain.

Therefore, in the low pressure loss region _RL where the pressure loss ΔP on the upstream side of the fan is less than the predetermined value ΔP ₀ , the flow of the cooling air becomes as shown in FIGS. In the high pressure loss region _RH where the loss ΔP is equal to or greater than the predetermined value ΔP _0, the flow of the cooling air is as shown in FIGS. 19 (a) and 19 (b). It is a diagram showing by matching the axial direction, in FIG. 18 (a) and FIG. 19 (a), the show lower wear than the rotation center line C _L of the fan blade].

That is, since the fan air volume is relatively large in the low pressure loss region _RL , as shown in FIG. 18A, the fan upstream side is relatively large as represented by the vector F _{IN, 1.} An axial flow of air flow is generated, and the flow as represented by the vector F _{OUT, 1} on the downstream side of the fan, that is, the axial flow direction component vector F _{A, 1} dominates rather than the centrifugal / swirl direction component vector F _{C, 1.} Flow will occur. Then, the air volume becomes larger as it goes to the centrifugal side as shown by a vector in FIG.

On the other hand, since the fan air volume is relatively small in the high pressure loss region _RH , as shown in FIG. 19 (a), a relatively small amount as indicated by the vector F _{IN, 2} on the upstream side of the fan. Only the axial flow is generated, and on the downstream side of the fan _{, the} flow shown by the vector F _{OUT, 2} , that is, the centrifugal / swirl direction component vector F _{C, 2} is more dominant than the axial flow direction component vector F _{A, 2.} A flow is generated, and the air volume becomes larger toward the centrifugal side as indicated by a vector in FIG.

Such a relationship between the pressure loss ΔP on the upstream side of the fan and the flow of cooling air on the downstream side of the fan has been confirmed by experiments and simulations.
As described above, since the hydraulic excavator has a thick cooling package, the pressure loss ΔP on the upstream side of the fan is large and the cooling fan is used in the high pressure loss region. The flow component of the cooling air on the fan outlet side is centrifugal / The turning direction component becomes dominant.

  However, in the prior art shown in FIG. 14, as described above, the exhaust opening 111 and the like in which a plurality of openings are formed in a mesh shape are arranged at a distance from the fan 105 in the fan axial flow direction. In addition, since the fan is formed to have a width with respect to the fan axial flow direction, the cooling air sucked into the main engine room 102B is forced to flow in the axial flow direction before being discharged.

In other words, in this prior art, air having a centrifugal / swirl direction component as a main component of the flow is forced to flow in the axial direction, so that the pressure loss experienced by the air due to the generation of turbulent flow is relatively small. There is a problem that the air is not smoothly discharged after passing through the cooling package 104 (discharge efficiency is low).
In order to improve the exhaust efficiency, it is conceivable to increase the opening area of the main engine room 102B. In this case, however, noise (wind noise generated when engine noise or cooling air passes through the cooling package 104, etc.). Leakage to the outside), and a new problem arises.

Accordingly, Patent Document 2 discloses a construction machine as shown in FIG. 20 as a technique for improving the efficiency of exhausting cooling air from the engine room and reducing noise. In this construction machine, an inlet 131 for cooling air is provided on the upper surface of the engine room 130, and a cooling air discharge passage (fan air flow channel, fan air flow duct) is formed on the upper surface and both side surfaces (vehicle front and rear surfaces) of the engine room 130. ) 132 to 134, and the inlet (left end portion in FIG. 20) of the cooling air passage is positioned near the outer periphery of the cooling fan. With such a configuration, the cooling air blown from the cooling fan in the centrifugal / swirl direction is efficiently discharged from a small opening, and an increase in noise from the engine room 130 is prevented.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-83324 JP 2001-193102 A “Parts Catalog 320C 320CL Hydraulic Excavator”, New Caterpillar Mitsubishi, September 2002, XJBP7843-01, p. 32

However, the prior art described above has the following problems.
That is, in the prior art shown in FIG. 20, the exhaust ports 132a and 134a of the cooling air passages 132 and 134 are provided on the upper surface of the engine room as in the prior art shown in FIG. Noise is emitted from the outlets 132a and 134a vertically upward. Although it is possible to suppress noise emitted from construction machinery, for example, by enclosing the work place with a shield, providing such a shield against noise emitted vertically requires a large-scale work. It is not realistic, and part of the noise emitted in the horizontal direction and the noise emitted vertically upward are mainly absorbed by the ground, etc., but such absorbers are used for noise emitted vertically upward. The propagation range is extremely wide.

In addition, since the finger guard is generally formed by arranging a large number of spokes vertically and / or horizontally at a predetermined interval, when the cooling air passes through the finger guard, the large number of these spokes. As a result, there is a problem that a large wind noise is generated as a result of contact with the air and that pressure loss of the cooling air is caused.
The present invention was devised in view of such a problem, and provides a finger guard for a cooling fan for a construction machine and a cooling device for the construction machine that can reduce noise and reduce pressure loss of cooling air. The purpose is to do.

  To achieve the above object, a cooling fan finger guard for a construction machine according to a first aspect of the present invention is accommodated in an engine room of the construction machine and covers a cooling fan for circulating cooling air through a cooling unit. The cooling fan finger guard of the construction machine is provided as described above, and at least a portion that covers the outer periphery of the cooling fan is formed of a non-breathable material, and covers the outer periphery of the cooling fan. , An opening is formed at a predetermined position.

A cooling fan finger guard for a construction machine according to a second aspect of the present invention is the finger guard for a cooling fan for a construction machine according to the first aspect, wherein the guard guard is integrated with a shroud installed between the cooling unit and the cooling fan. It is characterized by being configured.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooling device for a construction machine, comprising: a cooling air passage formed in an engine room; a cooling fan installed in the engine room for circulating cooling air; 3. A cooling device for a construction machine comprising a cooling unit installed upstream of the cooling fan in the axial direction of the fan, wherein the finger guard according to claim 1 or 2 and the engine room are formed inside. A cooling air discharge port formed on the outer periphery of the cooling fan is provided on the wall surface of the cooling fan, and the opening of the finger guard is arranged to face the discharge port.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooling device for a construction machine according to the third aspect, wherein the cooling air discharge port is formed on a wall surface of a counterweight behind the body of the engine room. It is characterized by that.
A construction machine cooling apparatus according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the construction machine cooling apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect, wherein the cooling air discharge port is formed in a ceiling wall of the engine room. It is a feature.

  According to the present invention, at least a portion of the finger guard that covers the outer periphery of the cooling fan is formed of a non-breathable material, and an opening is formed at a predetermined position in the portion that covers the outer periphery of the cooling fan. In conventional finger guards composed of a plurality of spokes arranged at short intervals, the wind noise generated when cooling air passes through the spokes can be suppressed, and the noise generated from construction machinery can be greatly reduced. In addition, in the above-described conventional general finger guard, the spoke serves as a flow resistance of the cooling air, but this is suppressed, and there is an advantage that the pressure loss of the cooling air can be reduced.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 13, the arrow X in the drawing indicates the front-rear direction of the construction machine (hereinafter also referred to as the engine room width direction), and the arrow Y in the drawing indicates the left-right direction of the construction machine (hereinafter, Also referred to as the fan axial flow direction).
In the following embodiments, an example in which the present invention is applied to a hydraulic excavator as a construction machine will be described.
(1) 1st Embodiment The construction machine with which the finger guard and cooling device as 1st Embodiment of this invention are applied is demonstrated with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the overall configuration of the construction machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  The construction machine is composed of three parts: a lower traveling body 1, an upper revolving body 2 disposed on the upper side of the lower traveling body 1, and a work device 3 provided on the upper revolving body 2 for performing various operations. It is configured. Among these, the upper revolving body 2 has a counterweight 2A disposed behind the airframe, and an engine room 2B disposed in front of the airframe of the counterweight 2A. An openable and closable engine hood 50 is attached to the upper wall (hereinafter also referred to as the engine room ceiling wall) 22 of the upper swing body 2, and the interior of the engine room 2 </ b> B from the maintenance port 22 a that appears when the engine hood 50 is opened. The engine can be maintained. In FIG. 1, the engine hood 50 is in an open position with the maintenance port 22a open.

Next, the structure of the engine room 2B as the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 are views showing the structure of the engine room 2B. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view (viewed from the front of the fuselage) in front view, and FIG. 3 (a) is a schematic view of FIG. B1-B1 sectional view, FIG. 3B is a schematic B2-B2 sectional view of FIG.
In the engine room 2B, the engine 26 is installed with its crankshaft directed in the left-right direction Y of the fuselage, and an axial cooling fan 25 is disposed on the right side of the engine 26 in FIG. The cooling fan 25 is installed in such a posture that its axial flow direction coincides with the left-right direction Y of the fuselage, and sucks outside air from an introduction opening 22a formed in the engine room ceiling wall (upper wall) 22. Outside air is circulated as cooling air through a cooling air passage formed by the internal space of the engine room 2B.

Here, the cooling fan 25 sends cooling air in the direction to the left in FIG. 2, and rotates clockwise as seen from the upstream side in the fan axial flow direction as indicated by an arrow D. It has become. Here, the cooling fan 25 is an engine drive type mechanically coupled to the engine crankshaft, but is not limited to this, and may be a hydraulic drive type.
A cooling package 24 is installed on the upstream side of the cooling fan 25 in the axial direction (right side in FIG. 2), and the engine crankshaft is located on the downstream side in the fan axial direction of the engine 26 (left side in FIG. 2). A hydraulic pump 27 is mechanically connected to the main body.

The cooling package 24 includes a core (cooling unit) 24a such as a radiator and an oil cooler, a frame 24b supported by these cores 24a and fixed to the floor surface (lower wall surface) of the engine room 2B, a core 24a and a cooling fan 25. And a shroud 24c supported by the frame 24b.
Further, a finger guard 30 that covers the downstream side of the cooling fan 25 in the fan axial direction is fixed to the rear surface (the downstream side of the fan axial direction) of the shroud 24c, and the cooling air discharged from the cooling fan 25 is As will be described later, it is guided by the finger guard 30 and sent to the air passage 40 provided in the counterweight 2A to be discharged out of the machine.

Hereinafter, the finger guard 30 and the air passage 40 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing the structure of the finger guard, and FIG. 5 is a view showing the structure of the air passage provided in the counterweight 2A, with a part of the wall forming the engine room broken away. It is a typical perspective view shown.
The air passage 40 provided in the counterweight includes a main passage 41 and a plurality of branch passages 42 to 44. The main path 41 has a horizontal portion extending in the horizontal direction and a vertical portion extending in the vertical direction. One end of the horizontal portion opens into the main engine room 2Bb and becomes the air passage inlet 41a, and is set at the outer periphery of the cooling fan 25 (= the same position in the fan axial flow direction) and at the upper end of the cooling fan 25. Is connected to the upper end of the vertical portion. The vertical part penetrates downward and opens to the outside of the machine. A plurality of the branch paths 42 to 44 are juxtaposed in the vertical direction, each extending horizontally from the vertical portion of the main path 41a and penetrating to the rear side of the counterweight 2A.

  The finger guard 30 has a side surface 31 that covers the cooling fan 25 in the centrifugal direction (portion that covers the outer periphery of the cooling fan 25) and a back surface 32 that covers the cooling fan 25 downstream in the fan axial direction. Both 31 and the back surface 32 are formed of a non-breathable material (here, a plate material). An opening 33 is formed at a predetermined position on the side surface 31, and the opening 33 is disposed so as to be opposed to the inlet 41 a of the air passage 40 provided in the counterweight 2 </ b> A.

Here, “non-breathable material” is not a completely non-breathable material with no holes in a microscopic sense, but something like a mesh or panel material with holes formed Means a material that is not sufficiently breathable to guide the cooling air.
In other words, the finger guard 30 includes a fan accommodating portion 30A in which the cooling fan 25 is accommodated and a discharge portion 30B in which the opening 33 is formed at the tip.

The fan housing portion 30A is shaped like a cylinder with a short axial length centered on the rotation center line C _F of the cooling fan 25, and the crankshaft of the engine 26 connected to the cooling fan 25 is inserted in the center. For this purpose, a hole 32a is provided.
The discharge part 30B extends horizontally from the upper end of the side surface of the fan accommodating part 30A toward the counterweight air passage inlet 41a, and directs the cooling air from the cooling fan 25 toward the airway inlet 41a of the counterweight 2A. It is designed to guide you.

Further, the discharge unit 30B guides the cooling air toward a tangential direction of a circle centered on the rotation center line C _F of the cooling fan 25. That is, the discharge unit 30B distributes the cooling air discharged from the cooling fan 25 in the turning direction toward the air passage inlet 41a of the counterweight 2A along the traveling direction of the cooling air. In addition, the discharge part 30B has a quadrilateral cross section (flow path cross section) shape, and the flow path cross sectional area gradually increases as it goes downstream in the flow direction of the cooling air.

Here, there is a gap between the opening 33 at the tip of the discharge part and the air passage inlet 41a of the counterweight 2A, but the discharge part 30B is extended from the example shown in FIGS. You may make it connect with the air path inlet 41a.
Further, the main path 41 is eliminated, and the air paths (branches 42 to 44) are extended to the engine room 2B side as compared with the examples shown in FIGS. It is good also as a structure made to open. In this case, the shape of the discharge part 30B is set so that the range of the cooling air discharged from the discharge part 30B extends downward from the example shown in FIGS. It is preferable because the wind can be discharged smoothly.

Referring again to FIG. 2 and FIGS. 3A and 3B, when the cooling fan 25 is operated, outside air is taken as cooling air from the inlet 22a into the engine room 2B (cooling air passage). The cooling air cools the cooling water and the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic pump 27 when passing through the cooling package 24. The cooling air that has passed through the cooling package 24 and is discharged from the cooling fan generally flows in the swiveling / radial direction because of a large pressure loss in the cooling package 24 as described in the prior art, and the cooling air is cooled. As indicated by arrow D, the rotation direction of the fan blades of the fan 25 is set clockwise as viewed from the upstream side in the fan axial flow direction, so that the cooling air flows particularly in the vicinity of the ceiling surface (upper wall surface). _As indicated by ₁ , it flows strongly toward the counterweight 2A.

By utilizing this, the discharge part 30B of the finer guard 30 and the counterweight air passage inlet (engine) are provided at the location where the cooling air flows strongly toward the counterweight 2A (that is, the outer periphery of the cooling fan 25 and the vicinity of the ceiling surface). Cooling air is efficiently discharged (with a low pressure loss) by arranging the cooling air discharge ports 41a on the front surface of the counterweight body, which is the airframe wall surface in which the room 2B is formed. I am trying to do it. Then, the cooling air flowing into the counterweight air passage 40 is discharged to the rear of the machine body as indicated by arrows C _{2 to} C ₄ via the branch passages 42 to 44 as shown in FIG. via the main path 41 and is discharged into the body downward as indicated by arrow C _5.

As described above, the cooling device according to the present embodiment includes the introduction port 22a, the engine room 2B (the space in the airframe 21, that is, the chambers 2Ba, 2Bb, and 2Bc, and the internal space formed by the wall surface of the counterweight 2A), cooling. The package 24, the cooling fan 25, the finger guard 30, and the air passage 40 of the counterweight 2A are provided.
Note that a part of the cooling air flowing into the engine room 2B is slight, but a gap between the connecting portion 27a between the engine 26 and the hydraulic pump 27 and the partition wall 28 between the main engine room 2Bb and the pump room 2Bc. It flows into pump room 2Bc through. For this reason, mesh-like discharge ports 23b are supplementarily provided on the lower surface 23 of the airframe main body wall surface 21 so as to face the pump room 2Bc, and cooling air is discharged from these openings 23b to the outside of the device. It has become.

The cooling fan finger guard and cooling device for a construction machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention are configured as described above, and cooling is performed as shown by block arrows in FIGS. 2, 3 (a) and 3 (b). Wind is discharged outside the machine.
In other words, the cooling air discharged from the cooling fan 25 in the swiveling / radial direction is guided and discharged to the outside or the outside of the machine via the finger guard discharge part 30B located on the outer periphery of the cooling fan 25 and the air passage 40. Is done.

  In the above-described conventional technology, noise is emitted vertically upward from the cooling air discharge opening formed on the upper surface of the engine room, so that the noise spreads over a wide range. On the other hand, in this embodiment, the cooling air can be efficiently discharged from the counterweight air passage 40 that opens to the outside of the engine room floor 23. As a result, the cooling air discharge port on the ceiling surface 22 of the engine room 2B can be made unnecessary (or the opening area of the cooling air discharge port provided on the ceiling surface of the engine room 2B can be reduced as compared with the conventional case). Wind noise generated when the cooling air passes through the fan blades and the cooling package 24 (hereinafter referred to as “wind noise”) can be greatly suppressed from being emitted vertically upward. Noise that propagates vertically downward or horizontally is absorbed by the ground, so that the noise propagation range (propagation distance and propagation direction) can be narrowed compared to that emitted vertically upward. become.

Furthermore, since the conventional general finger guard is formed by arranging a plurality of spokes vertically and / or horizontally at a predetermined interval, wind noise is generated when the cooling air passes through the spokes. In addition, the spokes hindered the flow of cooling air.
On the other hand, since the cooling air is discharged from the opening 33 having a large area, the pressure loss of the cooling air is reduced. Further, the generation of wind noise when the cooling air passes through the spokes is suppressed, and the cooling fan 25 is substantially sealed by the finger guard 30 made of a plate material, so that the wind noise generated when the cooling fan 25 rotates. Leakage to the outside of the finger guard and hence leakage to the outside of the machine is suppressed. Further, since the engine 26 is shielded from the finger guard 30 with respect to the front of the machine body, leakage of engine sound to the outside of the machine is also suppressed.

Further, when wind noise or the like is transmitted through the finger guard 30 or the air passage 40, it is absorbed and attenuated by the wall surface forming the finger guard 30 or the air passage 40, so that noise can also be reduced in this respect.
Further, as described above, the cooling air discharged from the cooling fan 25 in the turning / radial direction immediately flows into the air passage 40 via the finger guard discharge portion 30B located on the outer periphery of the cooling fan 25, and this air passage Since it is guided by 40 and discharged to the outside of the apparatus, the exhaust pressure of the cooling air can be made relatively low, and the cooling air discharge efficiency can be improved in this respect as well.

  Further, since the cooling air discharge efficiency is improved in this manner, the total opening area of the discharge ports provided in the body wall surface 21 that forms the engine room 2B as an internal space is relatively small, not limited to the discharge port of the ceiling surface 22. It is possible to further reduce the leakage of wind noise and the like, that is, noise, or to reduce the back pressure of the cooling air, thereby lowering the specifications of the cooling fan 25 and reducing the cost. Can be achieved. Alternatively, since the cooling air discharge efficiency is improved, it is possible to increase the air volume even when the cooling fan 25 having the same specification is used, and the (compact) cooling package 24 having a small heat exchange area is adopted. Is also possible.

  In the prior art, since a duct for discharging cooling air is provided outside the ceiling surface of the engine room, this duct allows the driver's seat 4 in front of the engine room to see the rear of the aircraft. Although a part of the engine room is blocked, in the present embodiment, since a good cooling air discharge efficiency can be obtained as described above, a duct outside the ceiling surface of the engine room can be eliminated, and the engine room is located in front of the engine room. The field of view from the arranged driver's seat 4 can be improved.

  In addition, the relatively high temperature cooling air after passing through the cooling package 24 passes through the air passage 40 of the counterweight 2A at a position relatively separated from the cooling air inlet 22a provided on the ceiling surface of the engine room 2B. Since it is discharged from the discharge port in the opposite direction to the introduction port 22a (in a direction further away from the introduction port 22a), the temperature of the relatively high temperature after passing the cooling package 24 can be maintained even during the turning of the upper swing body. It is possible to prevent high cooling air from being sucked again from the inlet 22a. As a result, the cooling effect of the cooling package 24 can be improved.

(2) Second Embodiment A construction machine cooling fan finger guard and a construction machine cooling device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIGS. 6 to 10 are views showing a cooling fan for a construction machine cooling fan and a construction machine cooling device as a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing the structure of the finger guard. FIG. 7 is a view showing the structure of the air passage provided in the counterweight, and is a schematic perspective view showing a part of the outer wall surface forming the engine room, and FIG. 8 is a view showing the structure of the engine hood. FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing the structure of the upper swing body and the engine hood, and FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of the cooling fan finger guard and the construction machine cooling device. (A) is a schematic sectional view of the engine room as viewed from the front, and (b) is a sectional view taken along the line B3-B3 of (a). In addition, about the components already demonstrated in the said 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

The finger guard for a cooling fan of a construction machine and the cooling device for a construction machine as the second embodiment of the present invention are different from the first embodiment in that the cooling air can be discharged from the upper wall surface of the engine room. .
Specifically, the finger guard 30 ′ is configured as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and compared with the finger guard 30 of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. The right side in FIG. 6 is extended upward and the upper wall is removed. That is, an opening 34 that is long in the engine room width direction X is provided in addition to the opening 33 that is formed on the side facing the counterweight 2A of the protrusion 30B. The opening 34 is disposed so as to face a communication port 54 of an upper engine hood 50 ′ (not shown in FIGS. 6 and 7), which will be described later.

Further, the engine hood 50 ′ is configured as shown in FIG. 8, and includes a flat bottom plate 52 and a bulging plate 51 attached to the upper side of the bottom plate 52.
The bottom plate 52 is attached to the upper wall 22 via a hinge (not shown). The maintenance plate 22a is placed in a horizontal posture around the side to which the hinge is attached (here, the rear side). It is configured to be able to swing up and down between a closed posture for closing and an open posture (posture in FIG. 9) that opens the maintenance port 22a in a standing posture.

  The bottom plate 52 is assembled to the bulging plate 51 with a gap 54 with respect to the wall surface 51 d on the upstream side of the bulging plate 51 in the axial direction of the fan. The air passage 53 (which will be described later) formed between the bottom plate 52 and the inside of the main engine room 2Ba functions as a communication port. The communication port 54 has a slit shape that is long in the engine room width direction X, is positioned above the cooling fan 25, and is disposed to face the upper opening 34 of the finger guard 30.

The bulging plate 51 is set to have substantially the same length as the bottom plate 52 in the engine room width direction X so that both ends of the engine room width direction X coincide with both ends of the bottom plate 52 in the engine room width direction X. To the bottom plate 52.
The bulging plate 51 has a substantially trapezoidal cross section and has a substantially box-shaped outline, and includes a rectangular main surface 51a and four wall surfaces 51b to 51e surrounding the periphery of the main surface 51a. The main surface 51 a is assembled to the bottom plate 52 so as to be in a posture parallel to the bottom plate 52. A plurality of circular discharge ports 51ba are arranged in parallel along the engine room width direction X on the downstream surface 51b in the fan axial flow direction, and a circular discharge port 51ea is formed on the downstream surface 51e in the fan swirl flow direction. Are arranged side by side along the fan axial flow direction Y.

When the engine hood 50 'closes the maintenance port 22a, the space 53 between the main surface 51a of the bulging plate 51 and the bottom plate 52 has the communication port 54 as an inlet and the bulge. It functions as an air passage for cooling air having outlets 51ba and 51ea formed in the outlet plate 51 as outlets. That is, the communication port 54 functions as a cooling air discharge port disposed on the outer periphery of the cooling fan with respect to the bottom plate 52 which is a part of the wall surface of the airframe in which the engine room 2B is formed.
Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

The finger guard for the cooling fan of the construction machine and the cooling device of the construction machine as the second embodiment of the present invention are configured as described above, and the circulation of the cooling air is performed as shown in FIGS. The cooling air discharged from the cooling fan 25 in the radius / swirl direction is discharged out of the machine via the air passage 40 provided in the counterweight 2A as indicated by arrows C _{1 to} C ₅ . In addition, as indicated by arrows C _{6 to} C ₉ , the engine hood 50 ′ is discharged out of the machine through an air passage 53 formed between the bulging plate 51 and the bottom plate 52. .

According to the cooling fan finger guard for the construction machine and the construction machine cooling apparatus, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained, and the following effects can be obtained.
In other words, the cooling air that is guided by the air passage 53 formed by the engine hood 50 ′ and discharged to the outside of the machine is deflected in the horizontal direction and discharged, and the air passage 53 in the horizontal posture is discharged. The engine sound that leaks to the outside through the air also propagates in the horizontal direction as indicated by the dashed arrow N ₁ . For this reason, if the work place is surrounded by a shield, the spread of noise emitted from the construction machine in the horizontal direction can be suppressed.

Further, engine noise transmitted through the air passage 53 as indicated by the arrow N ₁ is absorbed and attenuated by the bulging plate 51 and the bottom plate 52 that form the air passage 53.
In addition, a part of the engine sound or the like passes through the bottom plate 52 and the bulging plate 51 as indicated by the broken arrow N ₂ , but is attenuated by the bottom plate 52 and the bulging plate 51 at this time. That is, as indicated by the arrow N ₂ , the engine sound that propagates outside the machine is shielded and attenuated by the two wall surfaces of the bottom plate 52 and the bulging plate 51 from the outside of the machine.

  The engine hood may be configured as shown in FIG. 11 instead of the configuration shown in FIG. The engine hood 50 ″ has a flat plate shape and a quadrilateral shape, and is provided with an exhaust opening 56. The exhaust opening 56 faces the upper opening 34 of the finger guard 30 ′ (that is, a fan). The exhaust opening 56 is formed by arranging a plurality of slit-shaped openings 56a that are long in the engine room width direction X along the fan axial flow direction Y. ing.

As described above, the counterweight 2A is provided with the air passage 40 for discharging the cooling air to the lower side of the fuselage, and the exhaust opening 56 of the hood 50 ″ is a counter that mainly contributes to the discharge of the cooling air. It is an auxiliary to the weight air passage 40, and its opening area is within a range where noise leakage to the outside of the machine can be reduced as compared with the conventional construction machine shown in FIGS.
Further, the finger guard 30 ′ may be extended upward, and the upper opening 34 may be connected to the communication port 54 of the engine hood 50 ′ or the exhaust opening 56 of the engine hood 50 ″.

(3) Third Embodiment A finger guard for a cooling fan of a construction machine and a cooling device for a construction machine as a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view showing the configuration of the finger guard.
In this embodiment, a finger guard 60 integrated with a shroud is used instead of the shroud 24c and the finger guard 30 in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. The finger guard 60 is supported by a frame 24b erected on the floor surface so as to fix the core 24a such as a radiator or an oil cooler to the floor surface (the engine room inner surface of the lower wall of the machine body). In addition, the finger guard 60 has a substantially box-shaped outline in which the core 24a side is open, and has a shape that substantially seals the cooling fan 25 between the finger guard 60 and the core 24a.

Specifically, the finger guard 60 is located on the downstream side of the cooling fan 25 in the axial direction of the fan, and has a quadrilateral main wall 61 having a shaft hole 61a through which the engine crankshaft is inserted, and the outer periphery of the cooling fan 25. 4 and surrounding walls 62 to 65, and each of the walls 61 to 65 is formed of a non-breathable plate material.
An opening 66 is formed in the upper part of the peripheral wall 63 facing the counterweight 2A (see FIG. 2). The opening 66 is disposed on the outer periphery of the cooling fan 25 and is disposed to face the air passage inlet 41a (see FIG. 3) of the counterweight 2A.

Since the other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, a description thereof will be omitted.
Since the finger guard for a cooling fan of a construction machine and the cooling device for a construction machine as the third embodiment of the present invention are configured in this way, the same effects as the first embodiment can be obtained, Since the shroud and the shroud are integrally formed, there is an advantage that the configuration can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

(4) Fourth Embodiment A cooling fan finger guard for a construction machine and a construction machine cooling apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, about the components already demonstrated in the said 3rd Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
In this embodiment, a finger guard 60 'integrated with a shroud is used instead of the shroud 24c and the finger guard 30' in the second embodiment shown in FIG.
Further, the finger guard 60 ′ of the present embodiment is longer than the opening 66 formed in the peripheral wall 63 in addition to the opening 66 formed in the peripheral wall 63 in the engine room width direction X with respect to the finger guard 60 of the third embodiment shown in FIG. The difference is that an opening 67 is formed. The opening 67 is disposed on the outer periphery of the cooling fan 25 and is formed continuously with the opening 66 of the peripheral wall 63.

Since other configurations such as the configuration of the engine hood are the same as those of the second embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
Since the finger guard for a cooling fan of a construction machine and the cooling device for a construction machine as the fourth embodiment of the present invention are configured in this manner, the same effects as those of the second embodiment can be obtained. Since the shroud and the shroud are integrally formed, there is an advantage that the configuration can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

(3) Others The finger guard for the cooling fan of the construction machine and the cooling device of the construction machine of the construction machine of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present invention. is there.
For example, in the above embodiments, the rotational direction of the cooling fan 25 is, for example, as shown by the arrow D in FIG. 3 (b), the set clockwise as viewed from the cooling air flow direction upstream side, by an arrow C ₁ As shown, the cooling air flows strongly from the cooling fan 25 toward the counterweight 2A in the upper rotational phase of the cooling fan 25, so that the air passage inlet 41a provided in the counterweight 2A is provided in the vicinity of the ceiling wall 22. However, the position of the air passage entrance 41a is not limited to the vicinity of the ceiling wall.

For example, in the case where the rotation direction of the cooling fan 25 is set counterclockwise as viewed from the upstream side in the cooling air flow direction, the cooling fan 25 is rotated in the lower rotation phase of the cooling fan 25. Therefore, it is preferable to provide the air passage inlet 41a of the counterweight 2A in the vicinity of the floor 23 because the cooling air flows strongly toward the counterweight 2A.
In addition, the finger guards 30, 30 ', 60, 60' of the above embodiments are entirely made of a non-breathable material. However, the cooling air is mainly swirled / radially directed from the cooling fan 25 (swirl direction). (Or in the radial direction), at least the portion located on the outer periphery of the cooling fan 25 may be made of a non-breathable material. For example, with respect to the finger guard 30 of FIG. 4, the side surface 31 may be configured by a plate material, and the back surface 32 may be configured by a plurality of spokes arranged vertically and horizontally at intervals that do not allow insertion of fingertips.

It is a typical perspective view showing the whole construction machine composition concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is typical sectional drawing by the front view of an engine room which shows the structure of the finger guard for cooling fans of a construction machine and the cooling device of a construction machine as 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the finger guard for cooling fans of a construction machine and the cooling device of a construction machine as 1st Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a) is B1-B1 sectional drawing of FIG. 2, (b) is a figure. 2 is a B2-B2 cross-sectional view of FIG. It is a typical perspective view which shows the structure of the finger guard for cooling fans of the construction machine as 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the air path provided in the counterweight concerning 1st Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is a typical perspective view which fractures | ruptures and shows a part of outer wall surface which forms an engine room. It is a typical perspective view which shows the structure of the finger guard for cooling fans of the construction machine as 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the air path provided in the counterweight concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is a typical perspective view which fractures | ruptures and shows a part of outer wall surface which forms an engine room. It is a typical perspective view which fractures | ruptures and shows the structure of the engine hood concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical perspective view which shows the structure of the upper turning body and engine hood concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the finger guard for cooling fans of a construction machine and the cooling device of a construction machine as 2nd Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a) is typical sectional drawing by the front view of an engine room, (b) ) Is a B3-B3 cross-sectional view of (a). It is a typical perspective view which shows the structure of the modification of the engine hood of the construction machine concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical perspective view which shows the structure of the finger guard for cooling fans of the construction machine as 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical perspective view which shows the structure of the finger guard for cooling fans of the construction machine as 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical perspective view which shows the whole structure of the conventional construction machine. It is a figure which shows the internal structure of the engine room of the conventional construction machine, Comprising: It is typical sectional drawing of the engine room seen from the body front. It is a figure for demonstrating the relationship between the width in an engine room and the thickness of a cooling package in the cooling device of a construction machine, (a) is a schematic diagram when the inside of an engine room is comparatively narrow, (b) is an engine It is a schematic diagram when the inside of a room is comparatively large. It is a schematic diagram which shows the performance curve of the cooling fan of a general axial flow type. (A), (b) is a schematic diagram which shows the flow of the cooling air before and behind a cooling fan by a vector when the upstream pressure loss is comparatively small. (A), (b) is a schematic diagram which shows the flow of the cooling air before and behind a cooling fan by a vector when the upstream pressure loss is comparatively large. It is a typical perspective view which shows the structure of the cooling device of the conventional construction machine.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lower traveling body 2 Upper turning body 2A Counterweight 2B Engine room 2Ba Radiator room 2Bb Main engine room 2Bc Pump room 3 Working device 21 Machine body 22 Machine body upper wall (ceiling wall)
23 Airframe body lower wall 22a Maintenance port 22c Engine room introduction opening 24 Cooling package 24a Core (cooling unit)
24c shroud 25 cooling fan 26 engine 27 engine pump 30, 30 ', 60, 60' finger guard 32, 33, 66, 67 opening 40, 42, 43, 44 of finger guard air passage 41a provided in counterweight air passage Entrance

Claims (5)

A finger guard for a cooling fan of a construction machine, which is housed in an engine room of the construction machine and is provided so as to cover a cooling fan for circulating cooling air to the cooling unit,
At least the part that covers the outer periphery of the cooling fan is made of a non-breathable material,
A finger guard for a cooling fan for a construction machine, wherein an opening is formed at a predetermined position in a portion covering the outer periphery of the cooling fan. 2. The cooling fan finger guard for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the finger guard is constructed integrally with a shroud installed between the cooling unit and the cooling fan. Cooling air passage formed in the engine room, a cooling fan installed in the engine room for circulating the cooling air, and a cooling installed in the engine room on the upstream side in the fan axial direction with respect to the cooling fan In the cooling device for construction machinery, which is composed of units,
The finger guard according to claim 1 or 2,
The engine room has a cooling air discharge port formed on the outer periphery of the cooling fan with respect to the wall surface of the airframe formed inside,
A cooling device for a construction machine, wherein the opening of the finger guard is arranged to face the discharge port. 4. The cooling device for a construction machine according to claim 3, wherein the cooling air discharge port is formed in a wall surface of a counterweight behind the airframe of the engine room. The cooling device for a construction machine according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the cooling air discharge port is formed in a ceiling wall of the engine room.

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