JP2005124794A - Lifting and lowering device and chair and bed equipped with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lifting and lowering device which shows high rigidity, makes the lowest position of a support table low, and has large amount of lifting and lowering the support table, and chairs and beds equipped with the same. <P>SOLUTION: The lifting and lowering device 11 is equipped with a base 24 provided on a floor surface and a first actuator 32. The first actuator 32 has one end rotatably mounted on the base 24 and the other end rotatably mounted on a frame 41 of a seating part 13, and is placed between a seat part 13 and the base 24 in a slanting manner. A straight up guide 31, which guides the seating part 13 driven by the first actuator 32 to move straight in the vertical direction while controlling the movements in the directions to back and forth or right and left, is provided between the base 24 and the seat part 13. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a lifting device, and a chair and a bed provided with the lifting device.

  Conventionally, in a medical chair, a medical bed, or the like, an elevating device that elevates a seat, a bed, or the like has been used. That is, when a patient sits on a medical chair or lies on a medical bed, it is preferable that the seat and the bed be at a certain low position so that the patient can easily move to the chair or bed. On the other hand, when a doctor examines or treats a patient, the seat or bed must be in a position suitable for the examination or treatment. However, the height suitable for the movement of the patient is usually different from the height suitable for the examination or treatment. Therefore, after the patient moves to the seat or bed, a lifting device is used as means for raising the seat or bed to a height suitable for examination and treatment.

  Several types of devices have been proposed as this type of lifting device. For example, as shown in FIG. 22A, an actuator 403 composed of a cylinder 404 and a rod 405 is placed between a base 401 and a seat base 402 in an upright state, and the seat base 402 is moved up and down by the actuator 403. The device is known.

  On the other hand, a lifting device using a link mechanism is also known. For example, as shown in FIG. 22B, an apparatus is known in which link members 406 that are rotatably connected to a base 401 and a seat base 402 are arranged in an inclined state. In this lifting device, the link member 406 is raised and lowered by the actuator 403, and the seat base 402 is lifted and lowered by the link member 406.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 22 (c), a lifting device using a so-called X-link mechanism is also known. This lifting device includes two link members 407 and 408 disposed obliquely. One link member 407 is rotatably connected to the seat base 402 and is slidably attached to the base 401. The other link member 408 is rotatably connected to the base 401 and is slidably attached to the seat base 402. The rod 405 of the actuator 403 is attached to the link member 407 or 408 via a rotatable pin or the like. Also in the lifting device, the actuator 403 raises and lowers the link members 407 and 408, and the seat base 402 is lifted and lowered by the link members 407 and 408.

  However, in the lifting device shown in FIG. 22 (a), it has been difficult to sufficiently increase the lifting amount of the seat base 402. That is, for the convenience of the user getting on and off, the lowest position of the seat base 402 cannot be made too high. For this reason, the length of the cylinder 404 of the actuator 403 cannot be increased so much. However, the lifting / lowering amount of the seat base 402 is determined by the maximum stroke (extension / contraction length) of the rod 405 of the actuator 403 and cannot be increased beyond the length of the cylinder 404. Therefore, because of the restriction on the height of the lowest position of the seat base 402, the lifting amount of the seat base 402 cannot be increased.

  On the other hand, in the lifting device shown in FIGS. 22B and 22C, the seat base 402 can be lifted and lowered beyond the maximum stroke of the rod 405 of the actuator 403 by using the link mechanism. However, since the seat base 402 is supported by the link mechanism, the rigidity is low and it is difficult to say that the weight that can be supported is sufficiently large. Further, in the lifting device shown in FIG. 22 (b), the seat base 402 does not rise and fall straight, but rises in an arc shape. Therefore, the person sitting on the seat base 402 is unstable, and it is very inconvenient because the operator needs to move in the horizontal direction in order to perform examinations and treatments.

  In the above description, the medical chair is taken as an example, but the above-described problem is not limited to the medical chair, and the same applies to the medical bed. The same applies not only for medical purposes but also in fields such as nursing care, welfare, and hairdressing, and similar problems exist in other fields.

  The present invention has been made in view of such points, and an object of the present invention is to provide an elevating device that has high rigidity, can keep the lowest position of the support base low, and has a large elevating amount. is there.

  The lifting device according to the present invention is a lifting device that lifts and lowers a support base that supports a human body, a base provided on a floor surface, one end rotatably attached to the base, and the other end A telescopic actuator that is rotatably attached to the support base and is installed in an inclined posture between the support base and the base, and is provided between the base and the support base and is driven by the actuator. And a rectilinear guide mechanism for guiding the support base so as to linearly move in the vertical direction while restricting movement in the front-rear and left-right directions.

  According to the lifting device, since the actuator is installed in an inclined posture, the distance (height) from the floor surface at the lowest position of the support base can be made shorter than the total length of the actuator. Therefore, the lowest position of the support base can be lowered.

  Since the actuator is rotatably attached to the base and the support base, the actuator rotates around the base-side rotation axis as the support base moves up and down. Therefore, the lift amount of the support base is the sum of the lift amount due to the expansion and contraction of the actuator itself and the lift amount due to the change in the posture of the actuator. Therefore, the lift of the support base is increased.

  Since the support base is guided in the vertical direction while being restricted from moving in the front-rear and left-right directions by the linear guide mechanism, it is less likely to swing in the front-rear and left-right directions. Accordingly, the rigidity of the lifting device is increased. That is, the rigidity of the lifting device can be improved by a combination of the actuator disposed obliquely and the linear guide mechanism that guides only the vertical movement of the support base.

  It is preferable that the maximum amount of vertical movement of the support base is set larger than the maximum amount of expansion and contraction of the actuator.

  Thereby, the lowest position of the support base can be made lower, or the highest position of the support base can be made higher.

  The actuator may be composed of a cylinder and a single-stage rod extending from the cylinder.

  According to the lifting device, even if the actuator is a so-called single-stage actuator, the lifting amount of the support base can be increased. Therefore, by using a single-stage actuator as described above, the cost of the actuator can be reduced, and as a result, the entire lifting device can be configured at low cost. The cylinder may be an electric cylinder, a gas cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or the like.

  The guide mechanism includes a plurality of rod-shaped bodies that are fitted to each other so as to be slidable in the vertical direction, and includes a multistage rod-shaped guide having one end fixed to the base and the other end fixed to the support. Preferably it is.

  The multi-stage rod-shaped guide has a property that the amount of expansion and contraction is large although the shortest length is short. Therefore, by using such a multistage rod-shaped guide, a sufficient amount of expansion and contraction can be secured, so that the lowest position can be lowered while maintaining the highest position of the support base at a predetermined height. .

  It is preferable that the guide mechanism includes a guide roller that contacts at least a part of a side surface of the multistage bar guide and guides the vertical movement of the multistage bar guide.

  This further suppresses the swing of the support base in the front-rear and left-right directions, and increases the rigidity of the lifting device.

  It is preferable that the minimum height of the support base with respect to the floor surface is set to 400 mm or less.

  Thus, even a child or an elderly person can easily sit or lie on the support base.

  The chair according to the present invention includes the lifting device and a medical, nursing, welfare, or hairdressing seat as the support.

  The bed according to the present invention includes the lifting device and a bed for medical use, nursing care, welfare, or barber / beauty as the support.

  In a medical or nursing care chair or bed, it is necessary to raise the seat or bed to a height that facilitates examination or treatment of a patient or the like during examination or treatment. Similarly, even in the use for hairdressing and beauty, it is necessary to raise the seating table or the bed to a height at which it is easy to work during the hairdressing and beauty work. Therefore, the lifting device is a very important component for a chair or a bed. Therefore, the effect of the lifting apparatus according to the present invention is remarkably exhibited by being used for such a chair or bed. In particular, the chair or bed for medical use or nursing care is often used by elderly people, patients with reduced walking function, etc., so that the lifting device can be easily moved to a sitting table or a bed. Is more prominent.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the height of the lowest position of the support base can be kept low. Therefore, even an elderly person or the like can easily sit or lie down.

  On the other hand, according to the present invention, since the lifting amount of the support base can be increased, the support base can be raised to a sufficient height. Therefore, when this lifting device is used for a medical chair, for example, the patient or the like seated on the chair can be sufficiently raised to a height at which it can be easily examined or treated. Therefore, it is possible to facilitate examination or treatment.

  Moreover, according to this invention, the shaking of a support stand in the front-back and left-right direction can be prevented, and the rigidity of a raising / lowering apparatus can be improved.

  By setting the maximum movement amount of the support base in the vertical direction larger than the maximum expansion / contraction amount of the actuator, the height of the lowest position of the support base can be further lowered, and the maximum position of the support base can be reduced. It becomes possible to make it higher.

  If a single-stage actuator is used, the cost of the apparatus can be reduced while ensuring a large lifting amount of the support base.

  If a multistage bar guide is used as the guide mechanism, the height of the lowest position of the support base can be further reduced.

  If a guide roller for guiding the vertical movement of the multistage bar-shaped guide is provided, the rigidity of the lifting device can be further increased.

  By setting the minimum height of the support base with respect to the floor surface to 400 mm or less, even a child or an elderly person can easily move on the support base.

  By using the lifting device according to the present invention for a chair, bed, or the like for medical use, nursing care, welfare, or hairdressing, the effect of the lifting device can be remarkably exhibited.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the chair 10 which concerns on embodiment is a medical chair used in clinics or hospitals, such as ophthalmology, otolaryngology, and dentistry, for example. The chair 10 includes a base 12 that houses the lifting device 11 (see FIG. 2), a seat 13 that is provided above the base 12, a backrest 14 that supports the back of the user, and a user's head. The headrest 15 to support, the apron 16 which supports a user's leg part, and the armrest 17 which supports a user's arm part are provided. The chair 10 has a so-called reclining mechanism for raising and lowering the backrest 14. Although the details will be described later, the chair 10 is between a chair state in which the backrest 14 and the apron 16 are substantially upright and a bed state in which the seat 13 is raised and the backrest 14 and the apron 16 are in a substantially horizontal state. Thus, the state can be changed freely (see FIG. 19). Therefore, the chair 10 can support the user in a sitting posture by taking the chair state, and can support the user in a lying posture by taking the bed state. The undulation of the backrest 14 is controlled by the controller 100 provided inside the chair 10.

  Hereinafter, each component of the chair 10 is demonstrated in order. In FIG. 2 and subsequent figures, for convenience of explanation, only a part of the chair 10 is illustrated, and other elements may be omitted as appropriate. In addition, in order to facilitate understanding, some components are illustrated with emphasis, and as a result, there are portions in which dimensions and the like do not match between the drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the base portion 12 includes a base 24 installed on the floor, a lower casing 23 fixed to the upper side of the base 24, and a cover attached to the upper portion of the lower casing 23. 21 and an upper casing 22 attached to the upper part of the cover 21. Since the chair 10 itself is quite heavy, the base 24 may not be fixed to the floor surface. However, it goes without saying that the base 24 may be fixed to the floor surface. The cover 21 is formed in a bellows shape, and is extendable in the vertical direction. Thereby, the base part 12 is comprised so that expansion-contraction in the up-down direction is possible.

  An elevating device 11 is accommodated inside the base portion 12. The elevating device 11 includes a directly above guide 31 provided between the base 24 and the seating portion 13 and an electric first actuator 32.

  The directly upper guide 31 guides the movement of the seating portion 13 in the vertical direction. The upper guide 31 is fixed to the base 24 and extends upward from a metal base cylindrical portion 39, the metal outer cylindrical portion 33 and inner cylindrical portion 34 extending vertically, and the outer cylindrical portion 33 from both sides in the horizontal direction. A plurality of guide rollers 35 are provided. The inner cylindrical portion 34 is housed inside the outer cylindrical portion 33, and movement in the front / rear and left / right directions is restricted by the outer cylindrical portion 33. That is, the outer cylindrical portion 33 is configured to guide the vertical movement of the inner cylindrical portion 34. On the other hand, the outer cylindrical portion 33 is guided in the vertical direction by the guide roller 35. The upper end portion of the inner cylindrical portion 34 is fixed to the frame 41 of the seating portion 13. The lower end portion of the inner cylindrical portion 34 spreads in the horizontal direction. When the inner cylindrical portion 34 rises, the lower end portion of the inner cylindrical portion 34 is caught by the upper end portion of the outer cylindrical portion 33, and the outer cylindrical portion 33 is in the inner cylindrical portion 34. Is pulled upward by In this manner, the directly upper guide 31 is a combination of a plurality of rod-like bodies (the base cylindrical portion 39, the outer cylindrical portion 33, and the inner cylindrical portion 34) that are slidably fitted to each other in the vertical direction. It is a guide.

  The first actuator 32 is installed in an inclined posture between the base 24 and the seating portion 13. The first actuator 32 is a driving means for moving the seat portion 13 up and down, and includes a cylinder 36 and a rod 37 extending from the cylinder 36. The rod 37 extending from the cylinder 36 is a single stage rod, and the first actuator 32 is a so-called single stage actuator. A lower end portion of the cylinder 36 is rotatably coupled to a fixing bracket 38 erected on the base 24. The upper end portion of the rod 37 is rotatably connected to the frame 41 of the seating portion 13. That is, the cylinder 36 is attached to the base 24 so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis, and the rod 37 is attached to the seat portion 13 so as to be rotatable about the horizontal axis. Therefore, when the rod 37 expands and contracts and the seat portion 13 moves up and down, the first actuator 32 rotates with the lower end portion as a fulcrum, and the inclination angle of the first actuator 32 with respect to the floor surface changes.

  As described above, the first actuator 32 is installed obliquely and is configured to be rotatable, so that the expansion and contraction of the rod 37 and the rotation of the cylinder 36 are interlocked. As a result, in the lifting / lowering device 11, the seat portion 13 can be lifted or lowered more than the amount of expansion / contraction of the rod 37 by combining the expansion / contraction component of the rod 37 and the posture changing component of the cylinder 36.

  According to the lifting / lowering device 11, the lowest position of the seating portion 13 can be set lower than that of the conventional one, although the single-stage actuator 32 is used. This is because the first actuator 32 is installed in an inclined posture, so that the minimum height of the seating portion 13 can be made equal to or less than the length of the cylinder 36. In addition, since the seat portion 13 can be moved up and down more than the amount of expansion and contraction of the rod 37, the seat portion 13 can be raised to the same height as before even if the lowest position of the seat portion 13 is lower than the conventional position. is there.

  In the present embodiment, the lowest position of the seating portion 13 is set to a position of 400 mm from the floor surface. However, the height from the floor is not limited to 400 mm and can be set as appropriate. The reason why the lowest position of the seating portion 13 is set to a position 400 mm from the floor surface in the present embodiment is to make it easy to sit on the main chair 10 even for a short person such as an elderly person or a child. It is. According to an ergonomic theory, it is known that if the height of the seating surface is about 0.27 times the height, it can be easily seated. Therefore, in the case of a person with a height of about 150 cm, since it is 150 cm × 0.27 = 405 mm, it is considered that if the height of the seating surface is 405 mm or less, it can be easily seated. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the lowest position of the seating portion 13 is set lower than the conventional position and set to 400 mm from the floor surface.

  The specification of the first actuator 32 is not limited at all, but here, the length of the cylinder 36 is about 420 mm, and the maximum stroke of the rod 37 is about 300 mm. As described above, in the lifting / lowering device 11, when the rod 37 extends, the inclination angle of the first actuator 32 itself changes, so that the ascending distance of the seat portion 13 becomes larger than the maximum stroke of the rod 37. Therefore, in this lifting / lowering apparatus 11, the seat part 13 can rise from a position of 400 mm from the floor to a position of about 730 mm, and the maximum ascent distance is about 330 mm. Therefore, even if the lowest position of the seating portion 13 is low, the seating portion 13 can be raised to a predetermined height position.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the seat 13 is attached to a frame 41 composed of a substantially flat front frame 41a and a rear frame 41b, a cushion 42 fixed to the upper part of the frame 41, and a lower part of the rear frame 41b. The support plate 43 is provided. The support plate 43 supports a third actuator 66 (see FIG. 6), which will be described later, and is provided at a location spaced apart from the frame 41 by a predetermined distance. An installation space for the actuator 66 and the like is provided between the frame 41 and the support plate 43.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the apron 16 includes a frame 52 and a cushion 51 attached to the frame 52. A link member 53 is rotatably attached to a substantially central portion and a root portion (end portion on the seating portion 13 side) of the frame 52. The link member 53 extends from the center portion of the frame 52 to the root portion of the frame 52, and the root portion is rotatably connected to the front frame 41 a of the seating portion 13 via the rotation shaft 54. A rod of the second actuator 55 is rotatably connected to a substantially central portion of the link member 53. The second actuator 55 includes an electric actuator including a cylinder and a rod, and the cylinder is rotatably supported by the front frame 41a of the seating portion 13. As shown in FIG. 5, when the rod of the second actuator 55 is contracted, the apron 16 is folded into a substantially upright state. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, when the rod of the second actuator 55 is extended, the apron 16 is deployed to be in an inclined state or a substantially horizontal state.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the backrest 14 includes a link member 63 rotatably attached to the rear portion (right side portion of FIG. 6) of the seating portion 13, and a lower backrest member 62 fixed to the upper portion of the link member 63. The upper backrest member 61 is slidably attached to the lower backrest member 62. Although not shown, the upper backrest member 61 includes a cushion and a frame that supports the cushion. A rod of a third actuator 66 made of an electric actuator is rotatably connected to the lower part of the link member 63. The cylinder of the third actuator 66 is rotatably coupled to a mounting bracket 44 fixed on the support plate 43.

  As shown in FIG. 6, when the rod of the third actuator 66 is extended, the backrest 14 is in a substantially upright state. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, when the rod of the third actuator 66 contracts, the backrest 14 becomes substantially horizontal. Thus, the backrest 14 is raised and lowered by the third actuator 66.

  As shown in FIG. 6, an electric fourth actuator 67 is provided inside the upper backrest member 61 and the lower backrest member 62. The lower end of the cylinder of the fourth actuator 67 is attached to the lower end of the lower backrest member 62. The tip of the rod of the fourth actuator 67 is connected to the upper end of the upper backrest member 61. Accordingly, the upper backrest member 61 slides relative to the lower backrest member 62 due to the expansion and contraction of the rod of the fourth actuator 67. As a result, the length of the backrest 14 changes.

  In the present embodiment, the length of the backrest 14 is adjusted according to the inclination angle of the backrest 14 by interlocking the third actuator 66 and the fourth actuator 67. Specifically, the backrest 14 is as if the user's waist so that the user sitting on the chair 10 does not cause back slipping (the user's back and backrest 14 are in sliding contact) when the backrest 14 is tilted. The length of the backrest 14 is adjusted so as to rotate about the rotation fulcrum P1. The user's rotation fulcrum P <b> 1 is at a position obliquely above and forward of the rotation shaft 64 between the backrest 14 and the seating portion 13. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, the length of the backrest 14 is shortened when the backrest 14 is tilted, and conversely, it is long when the backrest 14 is raised.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the front frame 41a of the seating portion 13 is rotatably attached to the rear frame 41b. Thereby, the inside of the chair 10 can be opened by pulling the front frame 41a backward. Therefore, maintenance of the second actuator 55, the third actuator 66, etc. can be easily performed.

  Next, the headrest device 70 will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following description, up, down, left, and right mean up, down, left, and right in FIGS. 9A to 9C, and do not necessarily mean up, down, left, and right when the chair 10 is actually used. Since the chair 10 can change the state between a chair state that supports the user in a sitting position and a bed state that supports the user in a lying position, the left and right and up and down directions in actual use are It depends on the situation. In the following description, it is assumed that the chair 10 is in a bed state.

  The headrest device 70 includes a headrest 15 that supports the user's back of the head. The headrest 15 includes a support plate 77 and a cushion 78 provided on the support plate 77. The headrest device 70 further includes a guide plate 71 fixed to the back side of the support plate 77 and an electric fifth actuator 79 built in the backrest 14. The guide plate 71 is made of a plate-like member curved in a substantially arc shape, and the guide plate 71 has a guide groove 72 cut out in a predetermined curved shape. The fifth actuator 79 includes a column 73 that is rotatably connected to the lower end of the guide plate 71, a rod 74 that extends in the vertical direction in the column 73, and an electric motor 76 that is fixed to the lower end of the column 73. Has been. The column 73 is supported by the backrest 14 so as to be guided in the vertical direction. A pin 75 that engages with the guide groove 72 of the guide plate 71 is attached to the tip of the rod 74. The pin 75 may be rotatable within the guide groove 71 or may not be rotatable.

  With the configuration as described above, when the support 73 of the fifth actuator 79 moves up and down, the pin 75 at the tip of the rod 74 moves in the guide groove 72, and the headrest 15 tilts according to the curved shape of the guide groove 72. In the present embodiment, the curved shape of the guide groove 72 is such that the headrest 15 is connected to the user's skull 101A and the cervical spine 102A while the tilted posture of the headrest 15 and the tilted posture of the user's head are aligned. It is formed so as to rotate around P2. As a result, the headrest 15 is rotated about the connection portion P2 of the cervical vertebra by combining linear movement due to vertical movement of the column 73 and rotation due to the pin 75 moving in the guide groove 72. I do.

  Although the configuration of the headrest is not limited at all, in the present embodiment, the headrest 15 has the following configuration.

  As shown in FIG. 10A, the cushion 78 of the headrest 15 includes a bag-like member 81 and a granular material 82 accommodated in the bag-like member 81. In the present embodiment, beads are used as the granular material 82. However, the granular material 82 is not limited to beads, and may be other granular materials such as sand. An air outlet (not shown) is formed on the back side of the bag-like member 81, and a tube 83 is connected to the air outlet. The tube 83 is provided with an open / close valve 84, and an air discharge device 85 such as a vacuum pump is connected to the downstream end of the tube 83.

  When the on-off valve 84 is opened, air is mixed in the bag-like member 81. Therefore, the granular material 82 can freely move in the bag-like member 81, and the cushion 78 can be freely deformed. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10B, when the user's head is placed on the cushion 78, the cushion 78 is deformed into a shape that matches the shape of the head by the pressing force from the head. In FIG. 10 (b), only the cushion 78 is shown in a deformed state in the vertical direction, but it is a matter of course that the cushion 78 is deformed into a shape suitable for the head shape in the left-right direction. After the cushion 78 is deformed in this manner, the air in the bag-like member 81 is forcibly discharged through the discharge tube 83 and the on-off valve 84 is closed. As a result, the granular material 82 in the bag-like member 81 is collected, and the deformation of the cushion 78 is prevented by restraining the movement of each other. That is, the shape of the cushion 78 is maintained while matching the shape of the head. Therefore, according to the cushion 78 of the headrest 15, the user's head can be firmly held, and the head can be prevented from being displaced during the examination or treatment.

  The armrest 17 of the chair 10 may be a fixed type, but may be a slidable armrest as shown below. 1 and the like, the following structure is not shown.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the armrest 17 is rotatably attached to a block member 90 applied to the back surface of the backrest 14, a link member 91 connected to the block member 90, and an upper portion of the link member 91. Further, a support base 92 and an armrest plate 93 slidably supported on the support base 92 may be provided. A known slide mechanism can be used as the slide mechanism for sliding the armrest plate 93. For example, a slide mechanism or the like in which the support base 92 and the armrest plate 93 are slidably engaged with each other can be used.

  The lower end portion of the link member 91 is rotatably connected to the seating portion 13, and the upper end portion of the link member 91 is rotatably connected to the lower end portion of the backrest 14. A part of the block member 90 is fixed to the back surface of the backrest 14 (more specifically, the lower backrest member 62), and tilts together with the backrest 14. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12, when the block member 90 is tilted backward, the backrest 14 and the link member 91 are also tilted backward, and the support base 92 and the armrest plate 93 move rearward and obliquely downward. At this time, since the support base 92 and the block member 90 are connected by the link member 91, the support base 92 and the armrest plate 93 move rearward and obliquely downward while maintaining a substantially horizontal posture.

  In particular, here, the shape and dimensions of the link member 91, the support base 92, etc., prevent the user from slipping when the backrest 14 is raised or lowered (the user's arm is in sliding contact with the armrest plate 93). Is set to Since the armrest plate 93 is configured to be slidable with respect to the support base 92, it is possible to prevent the user from slipping by sliding the armrest plate 93 in conjunction with the undulation of the backrest 14. is there. The sliding movement of the armrest plate 93 may be performed manually, but a driving means for driving the armrest plate 93 may be provided and automatically slid.

  Although illustration is omitted, when the backrest 14 is in a substantially horizontal state, the armrest 17 may be moved to a height position equal to or lower than the seating portion 13. This prevents the armrest 17 from protruding upward from the seating portion 13. As a result, it is possible to easily put a patient or the like transported by a stretcher or the like without being disturbed by the armrest 17.

  As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the armrest plate 93 is slidable in both the front and rear directions. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 14, the user can get on and off very easily by sliding one of the left and right armrest plates 93 forward and sliding the other backward. That is, since the armrest plate 93 slid rearward is retracted rearward from the front side portion of the seating portion 13, the side space of the front side portion of the seating portion 13 is widened. Therefore, the user can easily sit on the seat portion 13 without being disturbed by the armrest plate 93.

  On the other hand, the armrest plate 93 that has been slid forward protrudes forward from the seating portion 13, and thus functions as a handrail when getting on and off. In other words, the armrest plate 93 itself serves as a handrail.

  Therefore, for example, when a patient on a wheelchair 95 tries to sit on the chair 10, the patient is held by one armrest plate 93 that has been slid forward and is not disturbed by the other armrest plate 93. It is possible to sit on the seat 13. Therefore, the patient can sit easily and safely. When transferring from the chair 10 to the wheelchair 95, the patient can easily and safely move for the same reason.

  In addition, the armrest plate 93 does not necessarily need to be configured to slide in the front-rear direction from the normal position, and may be configured to slide only forward or backward. Even when sliding forward only from the normal position, the armrest plate 93 can exhibit a function as a handrail. Moreover, it is a case where it slides only back from a regular position, Comprising: The effect which enlarges the space for getting on and off can be acquired.

  In the above configuration, the armrest plate 93 is slidable forward from the normal position. However, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, instead of the armrest plate 93 sliding forward, a handrail 94 slidable forward is provided. You may make it provide. That is, a handrail 94 that is slidable between a normal position hidden below the armrest plate 93 and a projecting position that projects forward from the armrest plate 93 may be provided. Even in such a case, by using the handrail 94, the patient can easily and safely get on and off. In addition, in order to enlarge the space for getting on and off, it is more preferable that the handrail 94 is configured to be slidable rearward together with the armrest plate 93.

  In addition, although the said armrest 17 was comprised so that only the sliding movement of the front-back direction might be performed, you may be comprised so that it may perform a vertical rotation or a left-right rotation by using the base part of the armrest 17 as a fulcrum. The user can easily get on and off by rotating the armrest 17 up and down or left and right.

  As shown in FIGS. 17A to 17C, the backrest 14 (more specifically, the link member 63) is connected to the link mechanism 101. The link mechanism 101 includes a first arm 102 and a second arm 103. One end of the first arm 102 is rotatably attached to the lower end portion of the link member 63, and the other end is rotatably connected to one end of the second arm 103. A rotating roller 104 is provided at the other end of the second arm 103. The rotating roller 104 is in contact with the lower surface of the front frame 41a. A support piece 45 is erected on the support plate 43 of the seating portion 13, and the middle part of the second arm 103 is rotatably supported by the support piece 45. The support piece 45 is located below the central portion in the front-rear direction of the front frame 41a. Accordingly, when the second arm 103 rotates around the support shaft 105, the rotating roller 104 swings while pushing up the front frame 41a. A groove 108 that supports the support shaft 105 of the second arm 103 is formed in the support piece 45 (see FIG. 17A). The groove 108 extends obliquely upward in the forward direction. The groove 108 is provided with depressions at both ends thereof so that the support shaft 105 can be selectively supported at a position obliquely above the front and a position obliquely below the rear.

  With the configuration described above, in the chair 10 according to the present embodiment, the seating portion 13 performs the hoisting operation in conjunction with the hoisting operation of the backrest 14. The second actuator 55 for raising and lowering the apron 16 and the third actuator 66 for raising and lowering the backrest 14 are controlled by the controller 100 (see FIG. 1) so as to be interlocked. Therefore, the apron 16 also performs the hoisting motion in accordance with the hoisting motion of the backrest 14.

  In this embodiment, as shown in order in FIGS. 17A to 17C, when the backrest 14 is tilted from the upright state to the horizontal state, the rotating roller 104 swings backward while pushing up the front frame 41a. (See FIG. 17B). As a result, the seating portion 13 once tilts forward from the horizontal state and then returns to the horizontal state again. Thus, in the state where the backrest 14 is tilted rearward, the burden on the user's body is reduced by the seat portion 13 tilting forward. In addition, when raising the backrest 14 from a horizontal state to an upright state, the reverse operation to the above is performed.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 17A to 17C, the support shaft 105 of the second arm 103 is supported at a position obliquely below the rear in the groove 108 of the support piece 45. As a result, when the backrest 14 is in a horizontal state, the seating portion 13 is also in a horizontal state. However, depending on the mode of use, it may be preferable to tilt the seat portion 13 slightly upward when the user lies down. Therefore, in such a case, as shown in FIG. 18A, the support shaft 105 of the second arm 103 is supported by an obliquely upper recess in the groove 108. As a result, the backrest 14 and the seat 13 are interlocked as shown in FIGS. Further, as shown in FIG. 18C, even when the backrest 14 is in a horizontal state, the seating portion 13 is maintained in a posture inclined upward.

  As shown in FIG. 19, in this embodiment, the seat 13 is raised and lowered (see arrow A <b> 1), the backrest 14 is raised and lowered (see arrow A <b> 2), the apron 16 is raised and lowered (see arrow A <b> 3), and the seat 13 is By changing the undulation of the front frame 41a (see arrow A4), the state change of the chair 10 is automated between the chair state where the user is seated and the bed state where the user lies. The objects to be linked are not limited to those described above, but may be a part of them. In addition to these, other elements such as the headrest 15 may be interlocked. Here, an operation in which the chair 10 in the chair state automatically shifts to the bed state is referred to as a preset, and an operation in which the chair 10 in the bed state automatically shifts to the chair state is referred to as an auto return.

  In this embodiment, the chair state and the bed state of the chair 10 are adjusted according to the user's physique. Then, preset and auto-return are executed according to the user's physique characteristics (height, sitting height, etc.). For example, as shown in FIG. 20A, when the user's physique is small, the seating portion 13 is set at a position lower than the standard position, and the length of the backrest 14 is set shorter than the standard length. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 20B, when the user's physique is large, the seating portion 13 is set to a position higher than the standard position, and the length of the backrest 14 is set to be longer than the standard length. Thus, the user's body can be firmly supported by adjusting the state of the chair 10 according to the user's physique. In addition, the user can sit in a natural posture, and the burden on the body can be reduced.

  In the main chair 10, a plurality of states are set in advance for each height (for example, every 5 cm) for each of the chair state and the bed state. And the setting parameters (the height of the seating part 13, the length of the backrest 14 etc.) according to each height are stored in the memory (not shown) of the controller 100. That is, when information related to the user's physique is input, the chair 10 automatically shifts to a chair state that matches the user's physique before the user is seated. When a predetermined switch is operated after the user is seated on the chair 10, the state of the chair 10 shifts from the chair state to a bed state corresponding to the user's physique. Therefore, according to the main chair 10, the user's body can be firmly supported during the transition from the chair state to the bed state. Further, the user can lie down in a natural posture, and the burden on the body is reduced.

  The chair 10 is provided with a switch, and the operator can freely select a state according to the height of the user by operating the switch. Although the kind of such a switch is not limited at all, for example, a plurality of selection switches 28 for each height may be provided on the side surface of the upper casing 22 of the chair 10 (see FIG. 20). By providing such an easy-to-operate switch, the chair 10 can be handled easily. For example, the height of the user is grasped visually or grasped by a report from the user, and the selection switch 28 closest to the height is selected. Thereby, the state of the chair 10 can be easily adjusted to a state according to a user's physique.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 21A and 21B, the headrest 15 is tilted so that the user lying on the chair 10 does not change the height of the head even if the tilt angle of the headrest 15 is changed. You may link operation | movement and the raising / lowering operation | movement of the seating part 13. FIG. For example, when the chair 10 is used for ophthalmologic examination, if the headrest 15 is tilted backward in order to tilt the patient's (user) head backward, the position of the patient's eyes will be lowered. However, in the main chair 10, the elevating device 11 raises the seat portion 13 by an amount corresponding to the movement amount (lowering amount) of the eye position. As a result, the height of the patient's eyes is constant regardless of the tilt of the headrest 15. Therefore, for example, the distance between the medical device 96 and the patient's head or a part of the head (eyes, ears, nose, mouth, etc.) can be kept constant, and the patient can be easily examined, examined or treated. Can be

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

  That is, according to the lifting / lowering device 11 according to the present embodiment, the lowest position of the seating portion 13 can be made lower than that of the related art, although the single-stage actuator 32 is used as the driving means. Therefore, even an elderly person can get on and off easily.

  In the present lifting device 11, although the single-stage actuator 32 is used, the lifting amount is large. Therefore, the seat portion 13 can be raised to a sufficient height while keeping the lowest position of the seat portion 13 low. Therefore, when the main chair 10 is used for examination, treatment, hairdressing, etc., even a tall operator can easily perform examinations.

  By using the single-stage actuator 32, the cost of the lifting device 11 can be reduced as compared with the case of using a plurality of stages of actuators.

  Further, in this lifting / lowering device 11, the seat portion 13 is guided by the directly upper guide 31 even though the actuator 32 is installed in an inclined posture, so that there is no shaking in the front / rear and left / right directions, and smoothness in the up / down direction. Be guided to. Therefore, the elevating device 11 has high rigidity and can raise and lower the seat portion 13 stably.

  Since the upper guide 31 is a two-stage guide, the seat 13 is guided to a sufficiently high position even though the lowest position of the seat 13 is low (that is, the shortest length of the upper guide 31 is short). be able to.

  According to the headrest device 70 according to the present embodiment, when the headrest 15 is tilted, the linear movement due to the vertical movement of the column 73 and the rotation due to the pin 75 of the rod 74 moving along the guide groove 72. Is combined, the headrest 15 rotates around the user's cervical vertebra. Therefore, the large movement of the headrest 15 is suppressed, and the user's head can be prevented from largely moving.

  In particular, since the headrest 15 rotates around the connection portion P2 between the user's skull 101A and the cervical vertebra 102A, the user's head can be tilted in a natural posture, reducing the burden on the user's body. can do.

  By using a cushion 78 made of a bag-like member 81 and a granular material 82 as a cushion for the headrest 15, the cushion 78 can be held in a shape corresponding to the shape of the user's head. Therefore, the user's head can be firmly supported. In particular, since the shape of the cushion 78 can be changed and held without using a hand, the user's head can be fixed without soiling the hand. Therefore, the main chair 10 can be suitably used in a sterilization room such as an operating room.

  Further, according to the headrest device 70, when the medical device 96 is used to inspect or treat a patient (user) 's head or a part of the head (see FIG. 21A), the headrest 15 is tilted. Even if this is done, the patient's head does not move significantly, so the spacing between the medical device 96 and the patient's head or part of the head does not vary significantly. Therefore, even if the seating portion 13 is not raised or lowered, the examination or treatment can be performed relatively easily.

  According to the chair 10 according to the present embodiment, since the armrest plate 93 is configured to be slidable in the front-rear direction from the normal position, the user can easily get on and off. That is, by sliding the armrest plate 93 forward, the armrest plate 93 can be used as a handrail for getting on and off, and getting on and off can be facilitated. Further, by sliding the armrest plate 93 backward, the user can easily get on and off without being disturbed by the armrest plate 93. Therefore, even an elderly person or a person on a wheelchair can easily sit on the main chair 10.

  The armrest plate 93 is easy to handle because it does not require attachment and removal. Therefore, the armrest plate 93 can provide an easy-to-handle auxiliary tool.

  According to the chair 10, the armrest 17 moves in conjunction with the undulation operation of the backrest 14 so that the user's arm portion does not slide on the armrest. Therefore, manual misalignment of the user's arm is prevented. Therefore, the user is less likely to feel discomfort, and undulates in a natural posture. In addition, the user is stably supported by the main chair 10.

  Furthermore, according to the main chair 10, when the backrest 14 is tilted, the armrest 17 moves rearward and obliquely downward, and is positioned in the vicinity of the arm portion of the user who lies. Therefore, the armrest 17 can be used as a medical upper limbs or the like.

  Further, when the backrest 14 is in a substantially horizontal state, the armrest 17 is moved to a height position equal to or lower than the seating portion 13 or the backrest 14, so that the patient or the like carried by the stretcher or the like can be placed on the armrest. 17 can be easily mounted without being disturbed.

  Further, according to the main chair 10, the chair state and the couch state are adjusted according to the user's physique, so that presetting and auto-return according to the user's physique are possible. Therefore, the user can change the posture without feeling uncomfortable. Moreover, the burden on the body accompanying the posture change is reduced. Furthermore, according to the main chair 10, the user is stably supported.

  Further, according to the main chair 10, the chair state is adjusted according to the user's physique, so that the user can easily get on and off.

  Further, according to the main chair 10, the first actuator 32 that raises and lowers the seat portion 13, the second actuator 55 that raises and lowers the apron 16, the third actuator 66 that raises and lowers the backrest 14, and the fourth actuator that extends and retracts the backrest 14. The actuator 67 and the 5th actuator (motor) 79 which rotates the headrest 15 are provided, and these are all comprised by the electric actuator. Therefore, the control of the actuator by the controller 100 can be executed easily and accurately. In addition, the actuators can be linked with high accuracy. Furthermore, the operation of the actuator can be speeded up. Therefore, the preset and auto-return operations can be speeded up.

  According to the main chair 10, the height of the head of the lying user can be made constant before and after the headrest 15 is tilted by interlocking the tilting operation of the headrest 15 and the lifting / lowering operation of the seating portion 13. . Therefore, the interval between the medical device 96 and the head or part of the head can be kept constant, and operations such as examination and treatment can be facilitated.

  Since the undulation of the backrest 14 and the expansion and contraction of the backrest 14 are interlocked so that the backrest 14 rotates about the rotation fulcrum P1 of the user's waist, it is possible to prevent the user from slipping back. User discomfort can be suppressed. Moreover, since the user can undulate in a natural posture, the burden on the body accompanying the undulation is reduced. In addition, the user is supported stably.

  By providing the selection switch 28 for each height as an input means for inputting the user's physique, information relating to the user's physique can be easily input. As a result, the handleability is improved. Moreover, the state of the chair 10 can be automatically adjusted to a state suitable for the user's physique by a simple operation of inputting the selection switch 28.

  The embodiment of the chair according to the present invention has been described above using the medical chair as an example. However, the chair according to the present invention exhibits the same effect not only in medical use but also in other uses such as care, welfare, and hairdressing. The chair according to the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

  As described above, the present invention is useful for a lifting device suitable for a chair or a bed used for, for example, medical care, nursing care, welfare, and hairdressing, and a chair and bed including the lifting device.

It is a side view of the chair concerning an embodiment. It is sectional drawing seen from the side of the raising / lowering apparatus. It is sectional drawing seen from the upper direction of the raising / lowering apparatus. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the chair of the state which developed the apron. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the chair of the state which folded the apron. It is a partial side view of the chair in a chair state. It is the partial side view of the chair which showed the movement locus | trajectory of the backrest. It is a partial side view of the chair in the state where the front frame is opened. (A)-(c) is sectional drawing of a headrest apparatus. (A) And (b) is sectional drawing of the cushion 78. FIG. It is a side view of the armrest in a chair state. It is a side view of the armrest in a bed state. It is a top view of a chair. It is a top view of the chair of the state which made the armrest slide. It is a top view of the chair which concerns on a modification. It is a top view of the chair which concerns on the modification showing the state which made the grip protrude. (A)-(c) is a fragmentary sectional view explaining the interlocking aspect of a backrest and a seating part. (A)-(c) is a fragmentary sectional view explaining the other interlocking aspect of a backrest and a seating part. It is a side view of the chair for demonstrating preset operation | movement. (A) And (b) is a side view of the chair of the state according to a user's physique. (A) And (b) is a side view of the chair for demonstrating the interlocking | linkage of tilting of a headrest and raising / lowering of a seating part. (A)-(c) is a conceptual diagram of the conventional raising / lowering apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

10 Chair 11 Lifting device 13 Seating part (support, seat, bed)
14 Backrest 15 Headrest 16 Apron 17 Armrest 24 Base 31 Direct guide (straight guide mechanism)
32 First actuator (actuator)
36 cylinder 37 rod

Claims (8)

A lifting device that lifts and lowers a support that supports the human body,
A foundation provided on the floor;
One end is rotatably attached to the base, the other end is rotatably attached to the support base, and a telescopic actuator installed in an inclined posture between the support base and the base;
A rectilinear guide mechanism that is provided between the base and the support base and guides the support base driven by the actuator so as to linearly move in the vertical direction while restricting movement in the front-rear and left-right directions;
Elevating device equipped with.   The lifting device according to claim 1, wherein a maximum amount of vertical movement of the support base is set larger than a maximum amount of expansion and contraction of the actuator.   The elevating device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the actuator includes a cylinder and a single-stage rod extending from the cylinder.   The rectilinear guide mechanism includes a plurality of rod-like bodies that are fitted to each other so as to be slidable in the vertical direction. The raising / lowering apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-3.   The elevating device according to claim 4, wherein the linear guide mechanism includes a guide roller that contacts at least a part of a side surface of the multistage bar guide and guides the vertical movement of the multistage bar guide.   The elevating device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a minimum height of the support base with respect to a floor surface is set to 400 mm or less. The lifting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A chair provided with a medical, nursing, welfare, or hairdressing seat as the support. The lifting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A bed provided with a bed for medical, nursing, welfare, or barber / beauty as the support.

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