JP2005116353A - Air supply device for fuel cell - Google Patents

Air supply device for fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005116353A
JP2005116353A JP2003349321A JP2003349321A JP2005116353A JP 2005116353 A JP2005116353 A JP 2005116353A JP 2003349321 A JP2003349321 A JP 2003349321A JP 2003349321 A JP2003349321 A JP 2003349321A JP 2005116353 A JP2005116353 A JP 2005116353A
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Prior art keywords
fuel cell
air
chemical filter
cell stack
air supply
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Pending
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JP2003349321A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takayuki Terasaki
貴行 寺崎
Izuho Hirano
出穂 平野
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2003349321A priority Critical patent/JP2005116353A/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the degradation of a fuel cell stack by cleaning noxious gas components released from inlet system component parts of a fuel cell. <P>SOLUTION: A chemical filter 5 is provided on the downstream side of the inlet system component parts made of a resin-base material, such as an air duct 2 and silencers 3, 4. Air cleaned by the chemical filter 5 is forcibly fed by a compressor 6 to the fuel cell stack 7. As a result, not only noxious substances contained in air but also volatile components released from the inlet system component parts are cleaned by the chemical filter 5 with reliability. This prevents the fuel cell stack from being poisoned by those noxious substances, and it is thereby possible to prolong the life of the fuel cell stack. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は燃料電池の空気供給装置に関し、特に供給空気中に含まれる有害物質の除去技術に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an air supply device for a fuel cell, and more particularly to a technology for removing harmful substances contained in supply air.

燃料電池スタックの空気極に酸化剤として供給する空気から硫黄化合物や窒素酸化物等の有害物質を除去する技術に関連して特許文献１に示したようなものが知られている。これは供給空気中に含まれる有機溶剤等の不純物ガス成分を活性炭などからなるケミカルフィルタに吸着させることにより、燃料電池スタックの劣化を防止するというものである。
特開平7-94200号公報 As shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-228707, a technique for removing harmful substances such as sulfur compounds and nitrogen oxides from air supplied as an oxidant to an air electrode of a fuel cell stack is known. This is to prevent deterioration of the fuel cell stack by adsorbing an impurity gas component such as an organic solvent contained in the supply air to a chemical filter made of activated carbon or the like.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-94200

車両に搭載される燃料電池システムではレイアウト上の要請や軽量化のために、吸気系を構成するダクトやフィルタケースなどに樹脂またはゴムを材料とする部品が多用される傾向にある。この種の樹脂部品からは、特にその製造後間もない状態においては揮発性の物質が多く放出され、これが燃料電池スタックを劣化させるおそれがある。従来はこのような吸気系構成部品からの有害物質の放出に着目しておらず、燃料電池スタックの保護が不十分であった。   In a fuel cell system mounted on a vehicle, parts made of resin or rubber tend to be frequently used for ducts and filter cases constituting an intake system in order to reduce layout requirements and weight. This type of resin component releases a large amount of volatile substances, particularly in a state immediately after its manufacture, which may deteriorate the fuel cell stack. Conventionally, no attention has been paid to the release of harmful substances from such intake system components, and the protection of the fuel cell stack has been insufficient.

本発明では、エアダクトや消音器など、樹脂またはゴム（以下「樹脂系材料」という。）からなる吸気系構成部品の下流側にケミカルフィルタを配置するものとする。ケミカルフィルタにより浄化した空気はブロワー等の空気供給源により燃料電池スタックの空気極に圧送する。   In the present invention, a chemical filter is disposed on the downstream side of an intake system component made of resin or rubber (hereinafter referred to as “resin-based material”) such as an air duct or a silencer. The air purified by the chemical filter is pumped to the air electrode of the fuel cell stack by an air supply source such as a blower.

本発明によれば、大気に含まれる有害物質のみならず、吸気系構成部品から放出される揮発性成分をも確実にケミカルフィルタにより浄化し、これらの有害物質による燃料電池スタックの被毒を防止してその寿命を改善することができる。   According to the present invention, not only harmful substances contained in the atmosphere, but also volatile components emitted from intake system components are reliably purified by a chemical filter to prevent poisoning of the fuel cell stack by these harmful substances. The life can be improved.

また、ケミカルフィルタを空気供給源の上流側に配置した構成に基づき、圧縮により温度上昇する前の比較的低温の空気を浄化することができ、これにより活性炭などからなるケミカルフィルタの吸着性能をより高めることができる。   In addition, based on the configuration in which the chemical filter is arranged upstream of the air supply source, it is possible to purify relatively low-temperature air before the temperature rises due to compression, thereby improving the adsorption performance of the chemical filter made of activated carbon or the like. Can be increased.

以下、本発明の一実施形態につき図面に基づいて説明する。図1または図２において、１は空気供給経路、８は燃料ガス（水素）の供給経路をそれぞれ示している。空気供給経路１には、上流側からエアダクト２、第1の消音器３、第２の消音器４、ケミカルフィルタ５、空気供給源としてのエアコンプレッサ６、燃料電池スタック７が介装されている。図１において７ａは燃料電池スタックの空気極、７ｂは燃料極を示している。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, 1 indicates an air supply path, and 8 indicates a fuel gas (hydrogen) supply path. An air duct 2, a first silencer 3, a second silencer 4, a chemical filter 5, an air compressor 6 as an air supply source, and a fuel cell stack 7 are interposed in the air supply path 1 from the upstream side. . In FIG. 1, 7a indicates an air electrode of the fuel cell stack, and 7b indicates a fuel electrode.

第１の消音器３はレゾネータであり、いわゆるヘルムホルツ型の消音器である。第２の消音器４はサイレンサであり、グラスウール等の吸音材または吸音構造により吸気騒音を吸収する。これら２つの消音器３，４の構成部品はエアダクト２と共に工業用プラスチック等の樹脂系材料で形成されている。   The first silencer 3 is a resonator, which is a so-called Helmholtz type silencer. The second silencer 4 is a silencer and absorbs intake noise by a sound absorbing material such as glass wool or a sound absorbing structure. The components of these two silencers 3 and 4 are formed of a resin material such as industrial plastic together with the air duct 2.

ケミカルフィルタ５は、有害物質の吸着剤として例えば活性炭を収装しており、吸入大気中の窒素酸化物、硫黄化合物などの他に、前記エアダクト２、消音器３，４を構成する樹脂系材料から放出される有害ガス成分を吸着する。   The chemical filter 5 contains, for example, activated carbon as an adsorbent for harmful substances, and in addition to nitrogen oxides, sulfur compounds and the like in the intake air, the resin material constituting the air duct 2 and the silencers 3 and 4 Adsorbs harmful gas components released from the atmosphere.

前記ケミカルフィルタ５とその下流側に位置するコンプレッサ６とは金属製の配管９を介して接続されている。   The chemical filter 5 and the compressor 6 located on the downstream side thereof are connected via a metal pipe 9.

次に、上記構成による作用および効果につき説明する。エアダクト２、消音器３、４を構成する樹脂系材料からは、特にその製造間もない時期において燃料電池スタックにとって有害な揮発ガス成分が放出されることがある。この有害ガス成分は大気と共にコンプレッサ６に吸引されるが、その途中でケミカルフィルタ５に吸着される。したがって有害ガス成分が燃料電池スタックの空気極７ａに達してその劣化ないし性能低下を早めるという不都合を回避することができる。   Next, the operation and effect of the above configuration will be described. Volatile gas components that are harmful to the fuel cell stack may be released from the resin-based materials constituting the air duct 2 and the silencers 3 and 4, particularly at a time just before production. This harmful gas component is sucked into the compressor 6 together with the atmosphere, but is adsorbed by the chemical filter 5 in the middle thereof. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the disadvantage that the harmful gas component reaches the air electrode 7a of the fuel cell stack and accelerates its deterioration or performance degradation.

ケミカルフィルタ５を構成する活性炭等の吸着材は高温化すると吸着性能が低下する傾向があるが、上記構成によればコンプレッサ６での圧縮により温度上昇する前の比較的低温の空気をケミカルフィルタ５により浄化するようにしているので、良好な吸着性能を維持しやすいという利点がある。   Adsorbents such as activated carbon constituting the chemical filter 5 tend to have lower adsorption performance when the temperature is raised. According to the above configuration, relatively low-temperature air before the temperature rises due to compression by the compressor 6 is removed from the chemical filter 5. Therefore, there is an advantage that good adsorption performance can be easily maintained.

さらに、この実施形態では２つの消音器３，４の下流にケミカルフィルタ５を配置した構成であるので、消音器３，４を構成する樹脂系材料からの有害ガス成分を確実に浄化できるのみならず、消音器３または４をケミカルフィルタ５の下流側に配置した構造に比較してエアダクト２にて生じる吸気騒音をより効果的に低減することができる。また、各消音器３，４およびケミカルフィルタ５からなる主要な吸気系部品をコンプレッサ６の上流側に集中配置した構成により、各構成部品の前後圧力差および温度差を最小にして、対温度要求を低減すること、すなわち耐久性を向上させることができる。   Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the chemical filter 5 is arranged downstream of the two silencers 3 and 4, if only harmful gas components from the resin material constituting the silencers 3 and 4 can be reliably purified. As compared with the structure in which the silencer 3 or 4 is disposed on the downstream side of the chemical filter 5, the intake noise generated in the air duct 2 can be more effectively reduced. In addition, the main intake system parts including the silencers 3 and 4 and the chemical filter 5 are centrally arranged on the upstream side of the compressor 6, thereby minimizing the pressure difference and temperature difference between the front and rear of each component part, and the requirement for temperature. Can be reduced, that is, durability can be improved.

本発明の一実施形態の部品配置関係を説明するための概略図。Schematic for demonstrating the component arrangement | positioning relationship of one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態の実体構成を示す外観斜視図。1 is an external perspective view showing an actual configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

２ エアダクト
３ 第１の消音器
４ 第２の消音器
５ ケミカルフィルタ
６ コンプレッサ（空気供給源）
７ 燃料電池スタック
７ａ 空気極 2 Air duct 3 First silencer 4 Second silencer 5 Chemical filter 6 Compressor (air supply source)
7 Fuel cell stack 7a Air electrode

Claims (2)

燃料電池スタックに空気を圧送する空気供給源と、前記空気中の有害成分を除去するケミカルフィルタと、樹脂系材料にて形成された吸気系構成部品とを有する空気供給装置であって、
前記ケミカルフィルタを、前記吸気系構成部品の下流側かつ前記吸気供給源の上流側に介装したことを特徴とする燃料電池の空気供給装置。 An air supply device having an air supply source that pumps air to a fuel cell stack, a chemical filter that removes harmful components in the air, and an intake system component formed of a resin material,
An air supply apparatus for a fuel cell, wherein the chemical filter is interposed downstream of the intake system components and upstream of the intake supply source. 前記吸気系構成部品として、エアダクトおよび該エアダクトに接続した消音器を備える請求項１に記載の燃料電池の空気供給装置。   The air supply device for a fuel cell according to claim 1, comprising an air duct and a silencer connected to the air duct as the intake system components.
JP2003349321A 2003-10-08 2003-10-08 Air supply device for fuel cell Pending JP2005116353A (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007207748A (en) * 2006-02-02 2007-08-16 Samsung Sdi Co Ltd Fuel cell system
JP2007242396A (en) * 2006-03-08 2007-09-20 Toyota Motor Corp Oxidizer gas purifying device of fuel cell
JP2007287393A (en) * 2006-04-13 2007-11-01 Kobe Steel Ltd Contamination prevention method of fuel cell air electrode
WO2008007740A1 (en) * 2006-07-12 2008-01-17 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
WO2008007741A1 (en) * 2006-07-12 2008-01-17 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
DE112006002861T5 (en) 2005-10-27 2008-09-25 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha, Toyota The fuel cell system
JP2009193671A (en) * 2008-02-12 2009-08-27 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Air-intake apparatus of fuel cell system
US8304138B2 (en) 2010-05-26 2012-11-06 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Fuel cell system and method of use
US8794377B2 (en) 2011-12-23 2014-08-05 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Silencer for reducing acoustic noise of fuel cell system
EP3147980A1 (en) 2015-09-24 2017-03-29 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Fuel cell system
US11424462B2 (en) 2010-10-06 2022-08-23 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method of operating a fuel cell during a soak time period

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE112006002861T5 (en) 2005-10-27 2008-09-25 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha, Toyota The fuel cell system
US7939208B2 (en) 2005-10-27 2011-05-10 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
DE112006002861B4 (en) 2005-10-27 2023-02-09 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha fuel cell system
JP2007207748A (en) * 2006-02-02 2007-08-16 Samsung Sdi Co Ltd Fuel cell system
KR101303497B1 (en) * 2006-02-02 2013-09-03 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 fuel cell system with muffler
JP2007242396A (en) * 2006-03-08 2007-09-20 Toyota Motor Corp Oxidizer gas purifying device of fuel cell
JP2007287393A (en) * 2006-04-13 2007-11-01 Kobe Steel Ltd Contamination prevention method of fuel cell air electrode
US8808932B2 (en) 2006-07-12 2014-08-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
WO2008007740A1 (en) * 2006-07-12 2008-01-17 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
WO2008007741A1 (en) * 2006-07-12 2008-01-17 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
JP2009193671A (en) * 2008-02-12 2009-08-27 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Air-intake apparatus of fuel cell system
US8304138B2 (en) 2010-05-26 2012-11-06 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Fuel cell system and method of use
US11424462B2 (en) 2010-10-06 2022-08-23 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method of operating a fuel cell during a soak time period
US8794377B2 (en) 2011-12-23 2014-08-05 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Silencer for reducing acoustic noise of fuel cell system
EP3147980A1 (en) 2015-09-24 2017-03-29 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Fuel cell system
US9928820B2 (en) 2015-09-24 2018-03-27 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Fuel cell system

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