JP2005089514A - Sliding member - Google Patents
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- JP2005089514A JP2005089514A JP2003321261A JP2003321261A JP2005089514A JP 2005089514 A JP2005089514 A JP 2005089514A JP 2003321261 A JP2003321261 A JP 2003321261A JP 2003321261 A JP2003321261 A JP 2003321261A JP 2005089514 A JP2005089514 A JP 2005089514A
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- sliding member
- graphite
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
- F16C33/201—Composition of the plastic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
- F16C2202/50—Lubricating properties
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
- F16C2208/20—Thermoplastic resins
- F16C2208/40—Imides, e.g. polyimide [PI], polyetherimide [PEI]
- F16C2208/42—Polyamideimide [PAI]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
- F16C33/1095—Construction relative to lubrication with solids as lubricant, e.g. dry coatings, powder
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、基材に皮膜を被着した摺動部材に関するものであり、さらに詳しく述べるならば斜板式コンプレッサーの斜板に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a sliding member having a base material coated with a film, and more particularly to a swash plate of a swash plate compressor.
特許文献1には、斜板式コンプレッサーの斜板表面にMoS2及び/又はグラファイトからなる固体潤滑剤を熱硬化性樹脂で結合した皮膜を成膜することが提案されている。この皮膜中の固体潤滑剤内で二硫化モリブデンの割合は10〜90vol%であり、黒鉛の割合は90〜10vol%であり、また固体潤滑剤は皮膜全体に対して20〜80vol%である。 Patent Document 1 proposes forming a film in which a solid lubricant composed of MoS 2 and / or graphite is bonded with a thermosetting resin on the surface of a swash plate of a swash plate compressor. The ratio of molybdenum disulfide in the solid lubricant in the film is 10 to 90 vol%, the ratio of graphite is 90 to 10 vol%, and the solid lubricant is 20 to 80 vol% with respect to the entire film.
特許文献2には、結合剤としてのポリアミドイミド樹脂及びポリイミド樹脂のうちの少なくとも一方50〜73wt%と、固体潤滑剤としてのポリテトラフルオロエチレン3〜15wt%、二硫化モリブデン20〜30wt%及びグラファイト2〜8wt%とからなり、固体潤滑剤の総和が27〜50wt%である摺動組成物をピストンスカート部にコーティングすることが提案されている。これらの成分の容量割合は、樹脂69.1〜82.3vol%、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン2.4〜13.6vol%、二硫化モリブデン7.2〜12.5vol%、グラファイト1.7〜7.8vol%、固体潤滑剤の総和17.7〜31.1vol%に換算される。
特許文献1にて提案されたMoS2−黒鉛系皮膜は潤滑油が枯渇するコンプレッサー運転初期における焼付きを防止することができたが、通常のコンプレッサー運転中にコンプレッサーが高回転、高面圧で運転される条件で耐摩耗性が十分でなく、比較的早期において摩耗が発生した。通常のコンプレッサー運転中にはシューと斜板との摺動部に十分な潤滑油が供給されているが、高速摺動のために斜板の皮膜の表面粗さが粗くなり、摩擦係数や温度が上昇し焼付きに至ることが分かった。
特許文献2で提案された摺動皮膜の摺動環境は主に内燃機関のシリンダボア及びピストンスカート部のエンジンオイルで満たされているのに対し、斜板式コンプレッサーの斜板及びシューにおいて冷媒が主の貧潤滑状態であり、またコンプレッサー運転初期に潤滑油が到達する前にガス状の冷媒が摺動面に到達し、これが摺動面に残存する潤滑油の洗浄効果を持つために、結合剤が多いと摩擦が高く発熱し焼付き易い。
The MoS 2 -graphite film proposed in Patent Document 1 was able to prevent seizure in the early stage of compressor operation when the lubricant was depleted, but the compressor operated at high speed and high surface pressure during normal compressor operation. The wear resistance was not sufficient under the operating conditions, and wear occurred relatively early. During normal compressor operation, sufficient lubricating oil is supplied to the sliding part between the shoe and the swash plate, but the surface roughness of the swash plate film becomes rough due to high-speed sliding, and the friction coefficient and temperature Was found to rise and seize.
The sliding environment proposed in Patent Document 2 is mainly filled with engine oil in the cylinder bore and piston skirt of the internal combustion engine, whereas the refrigerant is mainly used in the swash plate and shoe of the swash plate compressor. In the poor lubrication state, the gaseous refrigerant reaches the sliding surface before the lubricating oil reaches the initial stage of the compressor operation, and this has a cleaning effect on the lubricating oil remaining on the sliding surface. If it is too much, the friction is high and heat is generated and seizure is easy.
本発明は、上記問題点を解決するために、ポリアミドイミド、ポリイミド系及びエポキシ系樹脂からなる群より選択された少なくとも1種の結合剤により、10〜40vol%のニ硫化モリブデン、10〜40vol%の鱗片状黒鉛又は鱗状黒鉛、及び1〜40vol%のポリテトラフルオロエチレンからなる固体潤滑剤を結合してなり、固体潤滑剤の総和が30〜60vol%であり、残部が実質的に結合剤であることを特徴とする皮膜を被着した摺動部材を提供する。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides 10 to 40 vol% molybdenum disulfide, 10 to 40 vol% by at least one binder selected from the group consisting of polyamideimide, polyimide and epoxy resins. A solid lubricant composed of flaky graphite or scaly graphite and 1 to 40 vol% of polytetrafluoroethylene is combined, and the total solid lubricant is 30 to 60 vol%, and the balance is substantially a binder. Provided is a sliding member on which a coating is provided.
本発明は特許文献1で提案された斜板式コンプレッサーの斜板皮膜を改良するものであり、斜板に関しては第2欄第66〜第3欄第35行、皮膜と斜板の中間層に関しては第3欄第43〜62行に記述されているとおりである。
シューはS45Cなどの構造用炭素鋼あるいはSUJ2などの軸受鋼からなるものである。
The present invention is to improve the swash plate film of the swash plate compressor proposed in Patent Document 1, with regard to the swash plate, column 2, column 66 to column 3, line 35, and the intermediate layer between the film and the swash plate. As described in the third column, lines 43-62.
The shoe is made of structural carbon steel such as S45C or bearing steel such as SUJ2.
続いて本発明に係る皮膜の組成を説明する。
二硫化モリブデン(MoS2)は相手に移着して、耐焼付き性を向上する効果があるので、10vol%以上添加するが、添加量が40vol%以上添加すると皮膜の表面粗さが上昇する。したがって、MoS2の添加量は10〜40vol%であり、好ましくは15〜30vol%である。
Next, the composition of the film according to the present invention will be described.
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) is transferred to the partner and has the effect of improving the seizure resistance. Therefore, it is added in an amount of 10 vol% or more. However, when the addition amount is 40 vol% or more, the surface roughness of the film increases. Therefore, the addition amount of MoS 2 is 10 to 40 vol%, preferably 15 to 30 vol%.
黒鉛としては鱗片状もしくは鱗状黒鉛を使用する。天然鱗片状黒鉛は人造黒鉛に比べて完全に近い結晶化をしており、潤滑性が高い。鱗片状黒鉛は最も黒鉛化しており、次に鱗状黒鉛であり土状黒鉛は非晶質となっている。一般に鱗状黒鉛と称されている黒鉛は鱗片状黒鉛も包含しており、結晶化度による区別はある程度可能であるが困難である。
本発明においては鱗片状黒鉛とは片状であるか否かにより形態上区別される。
鱗(片)状黒鉛は皮膜中にて10vol%以上存在すると耐摩耗性を高める。但し鱗(片)状黒鉛の添加量が40vol%を超えると摩擦係数が増大する。したがって、鱗(片)状黒鉛の添加量は10〜40vol%であり、好ましくは10〜25vol%である。鱗(片)状黒鉛の寸法は0.1〜10μmが好ましい。
As the graphite, scaly or scaly graphite is used. Natural flaky graphite is almost completely crystallized compared to artificial graphite and has high lubricity. Scaly graphite is most graphitized, then scaly graphite, and earthy graphite is amorphous. Graphite generally referred to as scaly graphite includes scaly graphite and can be distinguished to some extent by crystallinity, but is difficult.
In the present invention, flaky graphite is distinguished in terms of form depending on whether or not it is flake shaped.
Scale (flaky) graphite improves wear resistance when present in the film at 10 vol% or more. However, when the amount of scale (flaky) graphite exceeds 40 vol%, the friction coefficient increases. Therefore, the addition amount of scale-like graphite is 10 to 40 vol%, preferably 10 to 25 vol%. The size of the scale-like graphite is preferably 0.1 to 10 μm.
ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(以下「PTFE」という)は高速摺動条件において摩擦係数を低くすることにより皮膜表面の荒れを防止する。PTFEの添加量を増加させると摩擦係数は低下する傾向にあるが、PTFEが多くなりすぎると皮膜自身の硬さが低下し、摩耗量が増大し塗膜の剥離が発生する。したがってPTFEの添加量は1〜40vol%であり、好ましくは5〜20vol%である。また、PTFEは平均分子量が100万以下で、一度融点以上の温度で焼成し固め粉砕したものが好ましい。 Polytetrafluoroethylene (hereinafter referred to as “PTFE”) prevents roughness of the coating surface by lowering the coefficient of friction under high-speed sliding conditions. Increasing the amount of PTFE tends to lower the friction coefficient, but if the amount of PTFE increases too much, the hardness of the coating itself decreases, the amount of wear increases, and peeling of the coating occurs. Therefore, the addition amount of PTFE is 1 to 40 vol%, preferably 5 to 20 vol%. PTFE having an average molecular weight of 1,000,000 or less, preferably fired once at a temperature higher than the melting point, hardened and pulverized is preferable.
MoS2、鱗(片)状黒鉛及びPTFEからなる固体潤滑剤の合計量は30〜60vol%である。
固体潤滑剤の合計が30vol%未満であると摩擦係数が高くなり焼付きを発生し、60vol%を超えると耐摩耗性が低下し焼付きを発生する。好ましい固体潤滑剤の合計量は30〜50vol%である。
The total amount of the solid lubricant composed of MoS 2 , scale-like graphite and PTFE is 30 to 60 vol%.
If the total amount of solid lubricants is less than 30 vol%, the friction coefficient increases and seizure occurs, and if it exceeds 60 vol%, the wear resistance decreases and seizure occurs. The total amount of the preferred solid lubricant is 30 to 50 vol%.
固体潤滑剤の残部はポリイミド系、ポリアミドイミド及びエポキシ系樹脂からなる群から選択される結合剤である。
固体潤滑剤と結合剤の混合物を成膜する方法は特許文献1の第5欄第47〜第6欄第3行に記述の方法による。皮膜の厚さは3〜40μmが好ましい。皮膜の表面粗さはRz0.5〜4μmが好ましい。
The balance of the solid lubricant is a binder selected from the group consisting of polyimide, polyamideimide, and epoxy resins.
A method of forming a film of a mixture of a solid lubricant and a binder is according to the method described in Patent Document 1, column 5, column 47 to column 6, line 3. The thickness of the film is preferably 3 to 40 μm. The surface roughness of the film is preferably Rz 0.5-4 μm.
アルミナ、シリカのような酸化物、窒化珪素のような窒化物、炭化珪素(SiC)のような炭化物、硫化亜鉛(ZnS)のような硫化物を硬質物として添加することにより、より摩擦係数が安定する。球状の硬質物が相手攻撃性を少なくする面でも望ましい。添加量が多すぎると相手材の摩耗量が増大し、少ないと摩擦係数安定化の効果が現れない。硬質物は0.1〜4vol%の添加量が好ましく0.1〜2vol%であることが好ましい。硬質物の粒径は0.01〜3μmであることが好ましい。 By adding alumina, oxides such as silica, nitrides such as silicon nitride, carbides such as silicon carbide (SiC), and sulfides such as zinc sulfide (ZnS) as hard materials, the friction coefficient can be further increased. Stabilize. A spherical hard object is also desirable in terms of reducing opponent attack. If the addition amount is too large, the wear amount of the counterpart material increases, and if it is small, the effect of stabilizing the friction coefficient does not appear. The addition amount of the hard material is preferably 0.1 to 4 vol%, and preferably 0.1 to 2 vol%. The particle size of the hard material is preferably 0.01 to 3 μm.
MoS2−黒鉛系皮膜は高速摺動条件で表面荒れが激しいが、PTFEを添加すると表面荒れが少なくなり、摩耗係数が低く安定化摺動温度が低下する。以下、実施例により本発明を説明する。 The surface roughness of MoS 2 -graphite film is severe under high-speed sliding conditions. However, when PTFE is added, the surface roughness is reduced, the wear coefficient is low, and the stabilized sliding temperature is lowered. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described by way of examples.
斜板基材に、表1に配合組成を示す固体潤滑剤を含む樹脂を厚さ20μmにコートした。その後表面を研磨して粗さをRz4μm以下とした。粒径は、MoS2-25μm、黒鉛-1μm、PTFE-5μm、Al2O3-1μmであった。
摺動性能試験は次の条件で行った。
試験条件
試験機:高圧雰囲気摩擦試験機 潤滑:循環式(冷凍機油+フロンガス)
荷重:2MPa/15min漸増(MAX16MPa)
速度:7200rpm
相手軸:SUJ2(シュー形状)
試験の効果を表1に示す。
A swash plate substrate was coated with a resin containing a solid lubricant whose composition is shown in Table 1 to a thickness of 20 μm. Thereafter, the surface was polished so that the roughness was Rz 4 μm or less. The particle sizes were MoS 2 -25 μm, graphite-1 μm, PTFE-5 μm, and Al 2 O 3 −1 μm.
The sliding performance test was performed under the following conditions.
Test condition tester: High-pressure atmosphere friction tester Lubrication: Circulation (refrigeration oil + Freon gas)
Load: 2MPa / 15min gradual increase (MAX16MPa)
Speed: 7200rpm
Mating axis: SUJ2 (Shoe shape)
Table 1 shows the effect of the test.
焼付きが起こった比較例5は硬質物の量が多く、比較例6,10,11は各々Gr、PTFE、MoS2を含有せず、比較例7は固体潤滑剤の総量が多く、比較例8はMoS2、黒鉛共に添加量が少なく、比較例9は黒鉛の量が少なく、比較例12は黒鉛が人造黒鉛であり、比較例13は固体潤滑剤の総量は少なく、試験結果の性能がすぐれない。
これに対して、本発明の皮膜は性能がすぐれている。
In Comparative Example 5 where seizure occurred, the amount of hard material was large, Comparative Examples 6, 10 and 11 did not contain Gr, PTFE and MoS 2 respectively, and Comparative Example 7 had a large total amount of solid lubricant. 8 has a small amount of both MoS 2 and graphite, Comparative Example 9 has a small amount of graphite, Comparative Example 12 has an artificial graphite, Comparative Example 13 has a small total amount of solid lubricant, and the performance of the test results is Not good.
In contrast, the film of the present invention has excellent performance.
以上説明したように、本発明に係るMoS2−PTFE−黒鉛系皮膜は高速摺動条件における耐摩耗性及び耐焼付き性にすぐれている。したがって、機械構造用炭素鋼又は軸受鋼からなるシューを相手材として摺動する斜板に本発明を好ましく使用することができる。 As described above, the MoS 2 -PTFE-graphite film according to the present invention is excellent in wear resistance and seizure resistance under high speed sliding conditions. Therefore, the present invention can be preferably used for a swash plate that slides with a shoe made of carbon steel for mechanical structure or bearing steel as a counterpart material.
Claims (4)
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JP2003321261A JP2005089514A (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2003-09-12 | Sliding member |
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WO2006120923A1 (en) * | 2005-05-11 | 2006-11-16 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Refrigerating-machine oil composition and compressor and refrigerating apparatus both employing the same |
JP2007146141A (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-06-14 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Polyamideimide resin, polyamideimide resin composition, coating material, coating material for slide member, and coating film for slide member |
WO2007091564A1 (en) * | 2006-02-06 | 2007-08-16 | Ntn Corporation | Swash plate for swash plate-type compressor and swash plate-type compressor |
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JP2017115135A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-29 | 株式会社リコー | Slide member, component and method for reducing noise of mechanical device |
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JP2017145277A (en) * | 2016-02-15 | 2017-08-24 | 大同メタル工業株式会社 | Sliding device |
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JP2017210994A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2017-11-30 | 大同メタル工業株式会社 | Slide member |
JP2017216090A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2017-12-07 | ダイニック株式会社 | Coating material for underlying layer and electrode for electrochemical device |
DE102017216068A1 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2018-03-29 | Daido Metal Company Ltd. | Slide |
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WO2020202687A1 (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | 大豊工業株式会社 | Swash-plate for compressor |
WO2021106274A1 (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-06-03 | 大豊工業株式会社 | Resin material for sliding members, and sliding member |
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WO2006120923A1 (en) * | 2005-05-11 | 2006-11-16 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Refrigerating-machine oil composition and compressor and refrigerating apparatus both employing the same |
US8822395B2 (en) | 2005-05-11 | 2014-09-02 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Refrigerating-machine oil composition and compressor and refrigerating apparatus both employing the same |
JP2007146141A (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-06-14 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Polyamideimide resin, polyamideimide resin composition, coating material, coating material for slide member, and coating film for slide member |
WO2007091564A1 (en) * | 2006-02-06 | 2007-08-16 | Ntn Corporation | Swash plate for swash plate-type compressor and swash plate-type compressor |
US8449200B2 (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2013-05-28 | Ntn Corporation | Resin composition for sliding member and rolling bearing |
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