JP2005083179A - Main beam, frame and construction method for temporary pier using them - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a main beam and a frame for constructing a temporary pier in a short term, and a construction method for a temporary pier using them. <P>SOLUTION: First, a plurality of frames are manufactured at a factory and transported to a construction site by, for instance, a truck. At the work site, the plurality of frames is combined into a plurality of main frames 7. At their installation site, these main frames 7 are overhung and erected, then steel piles 3 are driven into the sea bottom where these frames are installed, and then the main frames 7 and steel piles 3 are fixed. This process is repeated to construct a temporary pier. This work method can simplify work at the upper pier structure and omit the work of measurements, etc. at the lower structure. So, a large reduction in construction period becomes possible. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a main girder and a frame and a construction method of a temporary pier using them.

  Conventionally, various temporary piers are used in valleys and rivers. This is because, for example, a bridge is required temporarily when construction is performed on the opposite bank of a valley or river. In this case, a temporary pier is first constructed, and construction is performed using the temporary pier. Although steep inclines and underwater construction work are difficult, construction work cannot be performed unless a temporary pier is constructed, so it is desired that the temporary pier be constructed in a short period of time. However, on the other hand, the safety of the temporary pier must be secured as a matter of course. Therefore, it can be said that the temporary pier must be firmly installed within a certain range and constructed in a short period of time.

Therefore, as in Patent Document 1, for example, a technique has been proposed in which a part of the temporary jetty is panelized and the assembly work is performed on site.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-46523

  However, in the above prior art, it is a construction method for driving the foundation pile used for the temporary pier deep into the installation bottom, and it takes time and effort because it requires a machine and time to drive the foundation pile deep into the installation bottom. There is. Moreover, since it enforces, hold | maintaining a panel with the wire extended from a foundation pile, the operation | work for holding a panel with a wire is needed, and there also exists a problem that it takes an effort.

  The present invention has been made based on such a technical background, and an object thereof is to provide a main girder and a frame capable of constructing a temporary pier in an extremely short period of time, and a method of constructing a temporary pier using them. And

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a main girder (1) in which a pair of channel steel (11) is arranged at a predetermined interval and extends in the length direction of the bridge, The grooved steel is provided with steel pile fixing devices (12, 13, 14) at predetermined intervals in the length direction, and the pair of grooved steels keeps a constant interval in the steel pile fixing device. The main girder is characterized by partitioning a space (14) into which a steel pile can be inserted later while being temporarily held.

The alphanumeric characters in parentheses indicate corresponding components in the embodiments described later. The same applies hereinafter.
According to this invention, since the main girder has the steel pile fixing device, it is possible to partition the space in which the steel pile can be inserted while maintaining a predetermined distance between the pair of channel steels. Therefore, it can be said that the main girder is an efficient main girder because it also serves to manufacture the steel pile fixing device.

The steel pile fixing device is formed, for example, by sandwiching a pair of partition members between a pair of channel steels and temporarily fastening them with bolts and nuts via a removable spacer.
Thereby, a space slightly larger than the cross-sectional area of the steel pile can be defined by the spacer. Moreover, after inserting a steel pile into the space, the bolt and nut can be temporarily tightened to remove the spacer, and further tightened with the bolt and nut to fix the steel pile and the main girder.

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the main beam (2) having a predetermined length extending in the width direction of the bridge protrudes in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the main beam (1) according to claim 1. It is a frame (4, 5, 6) characterized in that a predetermined number is provided on the left and right sides or the left and right sides of the beam.
According to the present invention, the frame is provided with a predetermined number of horizontal girders on both the left and right sides or the left and right sides of the main girder, so that a frame having a desired size can be easily created by combining the frames. .

  The invention described in claim 3 is a method for constructing a temporary pier, wherein a plurality of frames (4, 5, 6) according to claim 2 are manufactured in a factory, and the plurality of manufactured frames are on-site. A step of manufacturing the first and second main frames (7) by combining the cross beams (2), and a step of fixing the first main frame horizontally at a predetermined height at a target installation location; A step of connecting the rear end of the second main frame and the front end of the fixed first main frame, and a space of the plurality of steel pile fixing devices (12, 13, 14) of the second main frame ( 14) including inserting each steel pile (3) and driving each steel pile into the installation bottom, and fixing each steel pile and the second main frame, After the step of fixing the second main frame, the second method is performed. A method of constructing the temporary pier, characterized by successively fixing a plurality of mainframe down frame and the same procedure.

  According to the present invention, the frame is manufactured at the factory, and the main frame is manufactured by combining the frames at the site. Therefore, the main frame can be manufactured efficiently. Further, after the main frame is installed, the steel pile is inserted into the space formed in the main frame, and the steel pile and the main frame are fixed. Therefore, because the steel pile is inserted into the space formed in the main frame, the driving place is determined, so it is not necessary to measure the driving position of the steel pile in advance to determine in detail, the construction time Shortening can be achieved.

In the step of fixing the first main frame, for example, the first main frame is fixed horizontally at a predetermined height using a temporary cradle or a temporary pillar.
The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the rear end of the second main frame (7) is connected to the front end of the first main frame (7) so as to extend in a cantilever state. It is the construction method of the temporary pier of claim | item 3.

According to the present invention, since the main frame is extended and installed in a cantilever state, the work of holding the main frame with a wire or the like is not necessary, and the construction time can be dramatically shortened.
The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the step of driving each steel pile (3) into the installation bottom surface ends the driving when each steel pile reaches the support layer of the ground. This is a temporary pier construction method.

  According to the present invention, since the driving of each steel pile to the installation bottom surface is completed when the ground reaches the support layer of the ground, a machine such as an excavator is not required, and the driving of each steel pile to the installation bottom surface is extremely short. Can be done. Further, since it is not necessary to dig the ground with an excavator or the like, it is not affected by the hardness of the ground.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a main beam 1 and a horizontal beam 2. The main girder 1 and the horizontal girder 2 bear the framework of the temporary pier. The main girder 1 includes a pair of channel steels 11 extending in a predetermined direction. The grooved steel 11 has a substantially U-shaped cross section including a main surface 111 extending in a predetermined direction and a pair of flanges 112 protruding in a direction orthogonal to the main surface 111 from both side edges of the main surface 111 in the width direction. It is a steel material. Each channel steel 11 is arranged in parallel with the main surface 111 facing each other such that the flanges 112 protrude outward. A pair of substantially U-shaped section members 12 are separated by a predetermined distance in the length direction of the main girder 1 so as to partition the box-shaped space 14 between the pair of channel steels 11 arranged in parallel. Is provided. Further, a spacer 13 is sandwiched between one grooved steel 11 and the partition member 12, and a bolt is inserted into both the grooved steel 11 through the partition member 12 and the spacer 13 and tightened with a nut. Digit 1 is configured.

  As will be described later, before construction, the main girder 1 is temporarily tightened with bolts and nuts, and the spacer 13 is removed by loosening the temporary tightening during construction. The box-shaped space 14 is a space for inserting the steel pile 3 having a substantially H-shaped section at the time of construction, and is slightly larger than the cross-sectional area of the steel pile 3 before the construction by using the spacer 13. It is held as a space having a cross-sectional area. Specifically, the steel pile 3 has a substantially H-shaped cross-sectional area having a width of 300 mm and a length of 300 mm. The box-shaped space 14 having a cross-sectional area of 300 mm in width and 305 mm in length has a cross-sectional area of 304.5 mm in width and 305 mm in length by using the spacer 13 having a thickness of 4.5 mm. It is supposed to have a space. And after the steel pile 3 is inserted, the spacer 13 is removed and the main girder 1 and the steel pile 3 are fixed by carrying out final fastening with a volt | bolt and a nut. In addition, the magnitude | size of the steel pile 3, the spacer 13, and the box-shaped space 14 is not restricted to said thing, A various change is possible.

  Further, a cross beam 2 extending in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the main beam 1 is provided in the vicinity of one or both of the box-shaped spaces 14 of the groove steel 11 (one of the groove steel 11 in FIG. 1). Yes. The cross beam 2 includes a main surface 21 extending in a predetermined direction, and a pair of flanges 22 protruding from the end sides of the main surface 21 so as to sandwich the main surface 21 between both ends of the main surface 21 in the width direction. It is a steel material having a substantially I-shaped cross section and is welded to the grooved steel 11. Depending on the combination of the main beam 1 and the horizontal beam 2, various frames are manufactured as described later.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing the frames 4, 5, 6. The frames 4, 5, 6 are manufactured by variously combining the main beam 1 and the horizontal beam 2. Each of the frames 4, 5, 6 includes a main girder 1, and a box-shaped space 14 is formed near the left end and the center of each main girder 1. The frame 4 includes two cross beams 2 extending from the respective box-shaped spaces 14 to the front side. Further, the frame 5 includes four cross beams 2 so as to extend from the respective box-shaped spaces 14 to the back side and the front side. Further, the frame 6 includes two cross beams 2 extending from the respective box-shaped spaces 14 to the back side. Each of the frames 4, 5, and 6 has a length of about 10 meters and a width of about 2 meters.

Since the frames 4, 5, and 6 are usually manufactured in a factory, the above-described size allows the frames 4, 5, and 6 to be transported from the factory to the site by, for example, a truck.
3A and 3B are schematic views showing the main frame 7, wherein FIG. 3A is a plan view, FIG. 3B is a front view, and FIG. 3C is a side view. Frames 4, 5, and 6 are arranged in order from the back side, and the main frames 7 are manufactured by connecting the cross beams 2 to each other. For the connection between the cross beams 2, the four seam plates 8 from the top and bottom and the horizontal direction are covered across the ends of the cross beams 2 to be connected, and the bolts are connected via the joint plates 8. And tightening the cross beam 2 with a nut. In addition, the connection of the cross beams 2 should just be what connects the cross beams 2 mutually. For example, it may be connected by welding, and the connecting method is not limited to the above. Further, the main frame 7 can be variously changed by combining the frames 4, 5, and 6, for example, the frame 5 may be omitted, or two or more frames 5 may be used. May be.

Hereinafter, the construction method of the temporary pier using the main frame 7 is demonstrated.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the construction order of the temporary pier using the main frame 7, and the order is (a) → (b) → (c). First, a plurality of frames 4, 5, and 6 are manufactured at a factory, and transported to the site by, for example, a truck. Further, as described above, a plurality of main frames 7 are manufactured by combining the frames 4, 5, and 6 at the site.

  First of all, the first main frame 7 of the manufactured main frames 7 is placed at the rear end of the temporary pier among the target installation locations so that the length direction of the first main frame 7 is the length direction of the temporary pier. Installed. The installation of the first main frame 7 is, for example, held horizontally at a predetermined height using a temporary cradle (not shown), and the steel pile 3 is placed in the box-shaped space 14 in the same manner as the second main frame 7 described later. The steel pile 3 and the first main frame 7 are fixed by being inserted and driven into the installation bottom surface. The first main frame 7 may be fixed as long as the first main frame 7 is fixed horizontally at a predetermined height, and various changes can be made. For example, instead of the steel pile 3, a temporary column may be used and fixed.

  Subsequently, the second main frame 7 is lifted by a crane, and the rear end of the second main frame 7 is connected to the tip of the existing first main frame 7 (see FIG. 2A). The connection method will be described later. Only the rear end of the second main frame 7 connected to the first main frame 7 is connected. After the connection, the second main frame 7 is removed from the crane, and is stretched horizontally while maintaining a so-called cantilever state.

  Thereafter, the steel piles 3 having a substantially H-shaped cross section are sequentially inserted vertically into the box-shaped spaces 14 of the second main frame 7 extending horizontally. Each inserted steel pile 3 is driven into the installation bottom by, for example, a vibro hammer (see FIG. 2B). The steel pile 3 may be driven into the installation bottom surface as long as the tip reaches the support layer of the ground. Therefore, since a machine such as an excavator is not required, the steel pile 3 can be driven into the installation bottom surface in a very short time. Further, since it is not necessary to dig the ground with an excavator or the like, it can be easily installed even when the ground is hard. Further, since the steel pile 3 is inserted into the box-shaped space 14 of the second main frame 7 perpendicularly, the driving place is determined, so that the driving position of the steel pile 3 is determined in advance by performing surveying or the like. There is no need, and construction time can be shortened.

  A portion of the upper end of the steel pile 3 driven into the installation bottom surface and protruding above the second main frame 7 is cut. After the upper ends of all the steel piles 3 are cut, the height of the second main frame 7 is adjusted. A method for adjusting the height will be described later. When the second main frame 7 is positioned, the temporary tightening of the main girder 1 is loosened and the spacer 13 is removed as described above, and is further tightened with bolts and nuts. The steel pile 3 is fixed. Then, the lining plate 9 is laid on the second main frame 7 (see FIG. 2C).

Thereafter, a plurality of main frames 7 are sequentially installed in the same order as the second main frame 7. That is, after the main frame 7 is horizontally extended and installed, the steel pile 3 is driven vertically to the bottom of the installation, and then the process of fixing the main frame 7 and the steel pile 3 is repeated, A temporary pier will be constructed.
5A and 5B are diagrams showing in detail the state of connection between the main frames 7, wherein FIG. 5A is a plan view, FIG. 5B is a front view, and FIG. 5C is a cross-sectional view cut in the horizontal direction. As described above, the construction of the temporary pier is performed by extending a plurality of main frames 7 in order. The overhanging construction of the main frame 7 is performed by connecting the rear end of the main frame 7 to be installed to the front end of the existing main frame 7, and more specifically, each main girder 1 of the existing main frame 7. The front end and the rear end of each main girder 1 of the main frame 7 to be installed are connected so as to be connected in the length direction of the temporary pier.

Hereinafter, a specific connection method will be described by taking one main beam 1 as an example.
First, the main girder 1 installed on the existing main girder 1 is connected. And the main surface 111 of each existing channel steel 11 and the main surface 111 of each channel steel 11 on the installation side are sandwiched and covered by the two seam plates 10 from the horizontal direction. Each main surface 111 is tightened with a bolt and a nut via Further, the connecting portion is covered with the joint plate 15 from above and the joint plate 16 from below, and the upper and lower flanges 112 of the channel steel 11 are tightened with bolts and nuts via the joint plates 15 and 16, respectively. At this time, only the portion of the joint plate 15 is finally tightened, and the portions of the joint plates 10 and 16 are temporarily tightened with slight play with respect to the channel steel 11. Further, a semicircular notch (not shown) is formed at the front end and the rear end of the lower flange 112, and a hole (not shown) is formed in the joint plate 16, and the notch and the hole are gradually tapered downward. A pin 17 is inserted. Thereby, as will be described later, it is possible to keep the main girder 1 laid overhanging horizontally.

  When the rear ends of all the main girders 1 on the erection side are connected to all the main girders 1 on the existing side, the main frame 7 is stretched and erected with only the connection at the rear end as a supporting force. The overhanging main frame 7 can be slightly displaced up and down around the connecting portion because the joint plates 10 and 16 are temporarily fastened with a slight play with respect to the main girders 1. When the pin 17 is pressed so as to be pushed downward, a force in the length direction of the main girder 1 is applied to each flange 112 on the lower side of each main girder 1 (each grooved steel 11) on the installation side. Since the seam plate 15 is finally tightened, each main girder 1 is given a rotational force directed upward with the main tightening portion as a center, and can be displaced upward as the entire main frame 7. That is, since an upward force can be applied against the main frame 7 that is erected, the main frame 7 can be kept horizontal during the erection.

  After the main frame 7 is installed horizontally by the pins 17, the steel piles 3 are inserted vertically into the box-shaped spaces 14. Further, the steel pile 3 is provided with a pile head pressing member 18 by cutting a portion protruding above the main frame 7. The pile head holding member 18 is a member having a substantially U-shaped cross section, and a bolt is inserted from the pile head holding member 18 to the upper flange 112 of each channel steel 11. At this time, a pair of nuts are provided through bolts so as to sandwich the flange 112. When the pair of nuts are tightened in various ways, a vertical force is applied to the flange 112 via the nuts. Accordingly, the main girder 1 (main frame 7) as a whole can be displaced within a certain range in the vertical direction. Thereby, after overhanging construction, the height of the main frame 7 can be adjusted.

In addition, the main frame 7 is extended horizontally and it is sufficient that the height is adjusted after the driving of the steel pile 3 is finished. The configuration for achieving the main frame 7 is not limited to the above, and various modifications are possible. It is.
After that, the main frame 7 having a predetermined height is fixed to the steel pile 3 as described above. After the steel pile 3 and the main frame 7 are fixed, the joint plates 10 and 16 that have been temporarily tightened are finally tightened. Thereby, the main frame 7 is fixed to the installation bottom surface.

FIG. 6 is a completed drawing of the temporary pier. In this embodiment, three main frames 7 are fixed in order, and a cover plate 9 is provided on the upper part to construct a temporary pier. The temporary pier may be provided with a tie rod as necessary.
Usually, the construction of the temporary pier is divided into an upper work for installing girders and a lower work for installing piles and the like. In the present invention, the temporary pier is constructed by dividing the temporary pier girder as frames 4, 5, 6 at the factory, and the main frame 7 is manufactured by combining the frames 4, 5, 6 at the site. Then, a plurality of main frames 7 are overhanging in order as described above and fixed to each steel pile 3. That is, it is a construction that repeats the sub work after the super work, and the super work in the present invention is performed by extending the main frame 7 so that the work of the super work is simplified. can do. In addition, the substructure is carried out by inserting the steel piles 3 into the box-shaped spaces 14 of the overhanging main frame 7 and driving each steel pile 3 into the ground. Compared with the method, it is possible to omit the work such as surveying in the substructure. Therefore, the construction period can be drastically shortened, which can be said to be an efficient enforcement method. In addition, since the substructure does not require a machine for excavating the ground such as an excavator when driving each steel pile 3 into the installation bottom surface, a temporary pier can be constructed even in places where it is difficult to carry in the machine. can do.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims.

It is the perspective view which showed the main beam and the horizontal beam. It is a schematic plan view which shows a frame. It is the schematic which shows the structure of a main frame. It is a figure which shows the construction order of the temporary pier using a main frame. It is a figure which shows the connection state of main frames in detail. It is a completed drawing of a temporary pier.

Explanation of symbols

1 Main Girder 2 Horizontal Girder 3 Steel Pile 4 Frame 5 Frame 6 Frame 7 Main Frame 11 Groove Steel 12 Partition Member 13 Spacer 14 Box-shaped Space

Claims (5)

A pair of channel steel is a main girder arranged at a predetermined interval and extending in the length direction of the bridge,
The pair of channel steels are provided with steel pile fixing devices at predetermined intervals in the length direction,
The main girder characterized in that the steel pile fixing device tentatively holds the pair of channel steels so as to maintain a constant interval and defines a space into which the steel pile can be inserted later.   A predetermined number of horizontal girders extending in the width direction of the bridge are provided on the left and right sides or one side of the main girder so as to protrude in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the main girder according to claim 1. A frame characterized by. A temporary pier construction method,
Producing a plurality of frames according to claim 2 in a factory;
A step of producing first and second main frames by combining the cross beams of the plurality of produced frames at the site;
Fixing the first main frame horizontally at a predetermined height at a desired installation location;
Connecting the rear end of the second main frame and the front end of the fixed first main frame;
Inserting steel piles into the spaces of the plurality of steel pile fixing devices of the second main frame, and driving each steel pile into the installation bottom;
Fixing each steel pile and the second main frame,
After the step of fixing the steel piles and the second main frame, a temporary pier construction method characterized by sequentially fixing a plurality of main frames in the same procedure as the second main frame. .   4. The construction method for a temporary pier according to claim 3, wherein the second main frame has a rear end connected to a front end of the first main frame and is stretched in a cantilever state.   The method of constructing a temporary pier according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the step of driving each steel pile to the installation bottom surface ends the driving when each steel pile reaches the support layer of the ground.

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