JP6266246B2 - Steel column and footing joint structure and construction method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a steel pillar-footing joint structure applied when joining the lower end of a steel pillar including a steel pier to a footing, and a construction method thereof.

  In the city center, many highways are built in the form of viaducts and tunnels, but due to changes in social conditions, the flow of cars and traffic volume are changing rapidly. New construction is being carried out continuously, and many improvements have been made to the existing expressway, including widening the road.

  When remodeling an existing expressway, it may be difficult to change the support point of the superstructure on the viaduct type expressway in terms of structure or cost. In order to minimize this problem, a new pier will be erected in the vicinity of the existing pier.

JP 09-195225 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-121416

  However, if the distance between the piers is small, the old and new footings may interfere in the ground. In that case, remove the existing footings and piers with the load of the superstructure changed, and then When you have to build a new footing and set up a new steel pier on the footing, remove the existing footing and pier, and then build a new footing at the removal location. Combined with the fact that it is necessary to change the load of the superstructure over a long period of time, the construction cost is forced to be high.

  On the other hand, when joining the lower end of the steel pier to the footing, a steel frame called an anchor frame is previously embedded in the footing, and the lower end of the steel pier is anchored to the anchor frame using anchor bolts extending from the anchor frame. Conventionally, a method for joining bolts has been widely used, and a method for constructing a new footing by using an existing footing by using this method has been proposed.

  However, when an anchor frame is arranged on the side of an existing footing as in the construction method described in Patent Document 1, a plurality of anchor frames must be arranged so as to surround the footing. It is difficult to integrate the frames at a reasonable cost, resulting in a problem that sufficient bonding strength cannot be ensured.

  In addition, when the anchor frame is arranged above the existing footing as in the construction method described in Patent Document 2, the adoption itself is difficult unless there is a margin in the covering so that the new footing is not exposed. Cause problems.

  Above all, these construction methods are premised on removing existing footings and piers in advance, so that they are difficult to apply when building new footings while utilizing existing footings and piers.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described circumstances. A steel column and a footing that can construct a new footing in a form that does not interfere with the existing footing while supporting the load of the superstructure with the existing footing. An object of the present invention is to provide a joint structure and its construction method.

In order to achieve the above object, the steel column and footing joint structure according to the present invention is a steel member having a flange and a web , as described in claim 1, so that their beam height is the entire thickness. The load transmitting plate configured in a lattice or cross-beam shape is configured such that the outer peripheral edge of the load transmitting plate surrounds the outer peripheral edge of the existing footing in the horizontal plane and the edge of the column through opening formed in the vicinity of the center. A new footing that surrounds the existing footing so as to surround the existing pillar that has been erected from the existing footing or to surround the area after removal of the existing footing, and that is embedded in the load transmitting plate. And a new steel column is erected on the load transmission plate.

  In addition, the steel pillar-footing joint structure according to the present invention is made of steel so that the U-shaped rebar is parallel to the plane perpendicular to the material axis of the steel member and the open side is downward. It extends over the member and is embedded in the newly installed footing and above the existing footing, and the lower end of the U-shaped reinforcing bar is connected to the insertion bar embedded in the existing footing.

Further, the method for joining the steel pillar and the footing according to the present invention, as described in claim 3, exposes the existing footing embedded in the ground by digging the ground,
An existing pillar standing upright from the existing footing in a through-hole opening formed in the vicinity of the center of the load transmitting plate so that the outer peripheral edge of the load transmitting plate surrounds the outer peripheral edge of the existing footing in a horizontal plane Is arranged above the existing footing so as to be penetrated,
Build a new footing by placing concrete around the existing footing so that the load transmission plate is embedded,
A new steel pillar is erected on the load transmission plate,
The existing pillar is removed after the load replacement by the new steel pillar.

  Moreover, the joining method of the steel pillar and footing which concerns on this invention comprises the said load transmission board by the some load transmission panel.

Further, in the method for joining steel pillars and footings according to the present invention, the load transmission plate is assembled in a grid shape or a cross-girder shape so that the steel members having flanges and webs have the entire beam height. It is composed of

  In the joining structure of the steel column and the footing according to the first invention, the load transmission plate is formed so that the outer peripheral edge portion of the load transmission plate surrounds the outer peripheral edge portion of the existing footing in the horizontal plane and in the vicinity of the center of the load transmission plate. The load transmission plate is arranged above the existing footing so that the edge of the column through opening surrounds the existing column standing from the existing footing or surrounds the standing region after the removal. The new footing will be constructed so that is buried in the concrete cast around the existing footing.

  In this way, while the load of the superstructure is supported by the existing column, the load transmission plate is arranged above the existing footing so that the edge of the column through opening surrounds the existing column. And the existing pillar continues to support the load of the superstructure until the replacement by the new steel pillar is completed without being affected by the construction work of the new footing including the installation of the load transmission plate.

  On the other hand, since the load transmission plate is embedded in the concrete placed around the existing footing and becomes a part of the new footing, the new footing functions as a steel-concrete composite footing composed of the load transmission plate and concrete. Since the new footing is integrated with the existing footing, the new footing forms a composite footing together with the existing footing.

  In addition, since the load transmission plate itself has a size expanded from the existing footing, the load transmitted from the new steel pillar is widely distributed and transmitted to the entire composite footing, thus widening the road. The load of the superstructure increased by the above is transmitted downward through the new steel column, and then supported by the steel concrete composite footing and the composite footing with a sufficient and sufficient margin, and transmitted to the pile and the ground.

Here, the load transmission plate of the present invention is constructed by assembling steel members having flanges and webs in a lattice shape or a cross-beam shape so that their beam heights are the entire thickness, and thus the integrity is high. Also, the out-of-plane rigidity is extremely high.

  Accordingly, even when the load transmission plate is expanded sufficiently larger than the planar shape of the existing footing, the load from the load transmission plate can be widely distributed and transmitted toward the entire composite footing.

  More specifically, among the loads acting on the load transmission plate via the new steel column, the compression load is caused by the lower surface of the flange of the steel member constituting the load transmission plate acting on the concrete. The horizontal force during earthquakes is supported by the steel member's web acting on the concrete and supported by the bearing pressure from the concrete, and the tensile load is also applied to the concrete by the flange upper surface of the steel member. It is supported by the bearing pressure from the concrete.

  Here, when the concrete covering thickness above the load transmission plate in the newly installed footing is not sufficient, the tensile load may not be supported only by the bearing pressure from the concrete against the tensile load.

  In such a case, it is possible to increase the tensile strength by arranging the lattice-shaped upper bars above the load transmission plate, but the U-shaped reinforcing bars are orthogonal to the above-mentioned steel member material axis. The steel member is straddled across the steel member so that it is parallel to the surface and the open side is down, and is embedded in the newly installed footing and above the existing footing. The lower end of the U-shaped reinforcing bar It can be set as the structure connected with the incisor embedded in.

  According to this configuration, since the U-shaped reinforcing bar receives a reaction force from the incision bar of the existing footing, it exerts a sufficient pulling resistance, so that the strength of the load transmission plate against the tensile load and thus the composite footing can be increased. .

  In the first invention, whether or not the existing pillar is in a removed state is an arbitrary matter, and when the existing pillar is left even after the load of the superstructure is replaced with the new steel pillar. The load transmission plate is in a state where the edge of the column through opening surrounds the existing column erected from the existing footing, and when the existing column is removed, the load transmission plate is Then, the edge of the column penetrating opening is arranged so as to surround the standing region after removal of the existing column.

  In the joining method of the steel pillar and the footing according to the second invention, first, the existing footing embedded in the ground is exposed by digging the ground.

  Next, if necessary, a new pile is arranged on the ground around the existing footing, and then the load transmission plate is arranged so that its outer peripheral edge surrounds the outer peripheral edge of the existing footing in a horizontal plane. It arrange | positions above an existing footing so that the existing pillar standingly arranged from the existing footing may be penetrated by the pillar penetration opening formed in the center vicinity.

  Next, a new footing is constructed by placing concrete around the existing footing so that the load transmission plate is embedded.

  In order to be able to erect a new steel column in a later process, a rising part to which the lower end is joined is provided on the load transmission plate as necessary. Project from the edge.

  Next, a new steel column is erected on the load transmission plate, and after the load is received by the new steel column, the existing column is removed.

  In this case, the load transmission plate is embedded without affecting the load support state or being affected by the load support state while continuously supporting the load of the superstructure with the existing column and the existing footing. A new footing can be constructed in the form, and a composite footing can be constructed together with the new footing by utilizing the existing footing.

  Therefore, it is possible to significantly shorten the construction period required for the renovation work of the viaduct compared to the conventional case in which the existing footing and the pier are removed and then a new footing is constructed at the removal location.

  The load transmission plate needs to be provided with a through-hole through which the existing column can penetrate, but it can also be assembled on-site, for example, while avoiding the existing column. Will be formed.

  Here, if the load transmission plate is constituted by a plurality of load transmission panels, a plurality of load transmission panels are manufactured in the factory in advance, and after these are carried to the site, the load transmission panels are arranged around the existing columns. After that, it is sufficient to join them together, so that the load transmission plate can be installed in a short time.

Regardless of whether the load transmission plate is assembled on-site or manufactured in the form of a plurality of load transmission panels, steel members with flanges and webs are arranged in a grid or cross-beam so that their beam height is the total thickness. It is possible to configure it in a shape.

In the first and second inventions described above, the load transmission plate is configured by assembling steel members having flanges and webs in a lattice shape or a cross-beam shape so that their beam heights are the entire thickness. As long as the specific configuration is arbitrary, it may be configured by assembling shaped steel such as I-shaped steel, H-shaped steel, etc. in a lattice shape or a cross-beam shape so that their beam height is the entire thickness. Two steel flat plates with rectangular openings formed in a row along two planes are arranged opposite to each other vertically and a strip-shaped steel plate is arranged in a grid or a cross so as to be perpendicular to them. In addition, the upper and lower edges of the steel plate may be joined to the opposing surfaces of the two steel flat plates by welding or the like. In this case, each of the two steel flat plates serves as a flange, and the strip-shaped steel plate serves as a web.

The disassembled perspective view which showed the joining structure 1 of the steel pillar and footing which concern on this embodiment. The whole perspective view which similarly showed the joining structure 1 of the steel pillar and footing which concern on this embodiment. It is the whole figure which similarly showed the joining structure 1 of the steel pillar and footing which concerns on this embodiment, (a) is a top view, (b) is a vertical sectional view in alignment with an AA line direction. It is the figure which showed the bar arrangement | positioning condition of the U-shaped reinforcement 42, (a) is a vertical sectional view, (b) is an arrow view seen from the BB line direction. Explanatory drawing which showed the effect | action of the joining structure 1 of the steel pillar and footing which concerns on this embodiment. The top view which showed the load transmission board 61 comprised by several load transmission panel 61a-61f.

  DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a steel column / footing joint structure and its construction method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 is an exploded perspective view showing a joining structure of a steel column and a footing according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is an overall perspective view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a plan view and a vertical sectional view. As can be seen from these drawings, the steel pillar / footing joint structure 1 according to this embodiment is applied to a foundation structure in which an existing pier 8 as an existing pillar is erected on an existing footing 2. The load transmission plate 3 having a rectangular overall shape is disposed above the existing footing 2, and the new footing 4 is constructed around the existing footing 2 in such a manner that the load transmission plate is embedded in the load transmission plate. A new pier 5 is erected as a new steel pillar.

  The existing footing 2 is joined to the existing pile 9 driven into the ground 10 with the heads of the piles, and the new footing 4 is joined to the new pile 11 driven into the ground 10 with the heads of the piles. It is.

  For example, the existing footing 2 has a plane shape of about 9 × 11 m, and the new footing 4 has a plane shape of about 15 × 12 m and a height of about 5 m.

  The load transmitting plate 3 has an outer peripheral edge portion that surrounds the outer peripheral edge portion of the existing footing 2 in a horizontal plane, and an edge portion 7 of the column penetrating opening 6 formed in the vicinity of the center of the load transmission plate 3, It is disposed above the existing footing 2 so as to surround it. As an example, the planar shape is slightly smaller than about 15 × 12 m, and the overall thickness (height) is about 1 m.

  The load transmission plate 3 is formed by assembling I-shaped steel in a lattice shape so that their beam heights are the entire thickness.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), a U-shaped rebar 42 is placed in the new footing 4 and above the existing footing 2, and the I-shaped steel constituting the load transmission plate 3. 41 is embedded so as to be parallel to the surface orthogonal to the material axis of 41 and the open side is downward, and embedded in the I-shaped steel, and the lower end thereof is embedded in the existing footing 2 via the coupler 44. It is connected to the inserted incisor 43.

  In the steel pillar / footing joint structure 1 according to the present embodiment, while the load of the upper work (not shown) is supported by the existing bridge pier 8, the load transmission plate 3 has an edge of the pillar through opening 6. Since the portion 7 is disposed above the existing footing 2 so as to surround the base 8 a of the existing pier 8, the existing footing 2 and the existing pier 8 have no influence from the construction work of the new footing 2 including the installation of the load transmission plate 3. Without receiving, the load of the superstructure is continuously supported until the replacement by the new pier 5 is completed.

  On the other hand, since the load transmission plate 3 is embedded in the concrete cast around the existing footing 2 and becomes a part of the new footing 4, the new footing 4 is a steel-concrete composite made up of the load transmission plate 3 and concrete. While functioning as a footing, the new footing 4 is integrated with the existing footing 2, so that the composite footing 12 is configured together with the existing footing.

  Further, the load transmission plate 3 itself has a size expanded from the existing footing 2, and the load transmission plate 3 is assembled in a lattice shape so that the beam height of the I-shaped steel 41 becomes the entire height. Since the load transmission plate 3 is integrated and the out-of-plane rigidity is extremely high, the load transmitted from the newly installed pier 5 is widely distributed and transmitted toward the entire composite footing 12.

  That is, among the loads acting on the load transmission plate 3 via the newly installed pier 5, the compression load is applied to the concrete as shown in FIG. 5 (a) by the flange bottom surface of the I-shaped steel 41 constituting the load transmission plate. Thus, it is supported by the bearing pressure from the concrete.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 2B, the tensile load is applied to the concrete with the flange upper surface of the I-shaped steel 41 acting on the concrete and supported by the support pressure from the concrete. It is supported by the reaction force from the incisor 43 of the footing 2.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5C, the horizontal force at the time of earthquake is supported by the support pressure from the concrete as the I-shaped steel 41 web acts on the concrete.

  In order to construct the steel pillar and footing joint structure 1 according to the present embodiment, first, the existing footing 2 embedded in the ground is exposed by digging the ground 10 to the bottom surface position of the existing footing 2, A new pile 11 is driven or created on the bottom of the excavation extending around the existing footing.

  Next, the load transmitting plate 3 is raised from the existing footing 2 in the column through opening 6 formed in the vicinity of the center of the load transmitting plate so that the outer peripheral edge of the load transmitting plate 3 surrounds the outer peripheral edge of the existing footing 2 in the horizontal plane. It arrange | positions above the existing footing 2 so that the existing existing bridge pier 8 may be penetrated.

  The load transmission plate 3 may be assembled in a lattice shape by arranging I-shaped steels 41 vertically and horizontally and joining them together by welding or bolts while avoiding the existing piers 8. In this case, the column penetration opening 6 is formed after the on-site production of the load transmission plate 3 is completed.

  The load transmission plate 3 may be temporarily held horizontally in preparation for concrete placement by appropriately setting up a support work from the bottom of excavation.

  Next, a U-shaped reinforcing bar 42 is straddled over the I-shaped steel 41 constituting the load transmitting plate 3, and the lower end of the U-shaped reinforcing bar protrudes from the insertion bar 43 embedded in the existing footing 2 in advance. The end is connected via a coupler 44.

  On the other hand, a roughening treatment is applied to the surface of the existing footing 2 by a method such as a water jet so that the adhesion with the concrete to be placed in a subsequent process becomes good.

  Next, after installing a necessary formwork (not shown), the concrete is placed around the existing footing 2 so that the load transmission plate 3 is embedded, thereby constructing the new footing 4.

  Next, the new pier 5 is erected on the load transmission plate 3.

  Here, a rising portion (not shown) is fixed to the load transmission plate 3 in advance by welding or the like so that the concrete protrudes from the top end of the concrete, and the newly installed pier 5 is attached to the rising portion. What is necessary is just to join the lower end of. The member length of the rising portion is appropriately determined in consideration of the concrete covering thickness of the load transmission plate 3.

  Next, after replacing the load of the superstructure with the newly installed pier 5, the existing pier 8 is removed. The existing pier 8 may be cut at an appropriate height, and may be removed, for example, leaving the base portion 8a.

  As described above, according to the steel pillar / footing joint structure 1 according to the present embodiment, while the load of the superstructure is supported by the existing pier 8, the load transmission plate 3 has the pillar through-opening 6. Is disposed above the existing footing 2 so as to surround the existing pier 8.

  Therefore, the existing footing 2 and the existing bridge pier 8 are not affected by the construction work of the new footing 4 including the installation of the load transmission plate 3 and continue to load the superstructure until the replacement by the new bridge pier 5 is completed. Can be supported.

  In addition, according to the steel pillar / footing joint structure 1 according to the present embodiment, the newly installed footing 4 is a steel-concrete composite footing in which the load transmitting plate 3 is embedded in reinforced concrete, so that it is more rigid than general reinforced concrete footing. In addition, the new footing 4 is integrated with the existing footing 2 to form the composite footing 12, so that it is possible to improve the reasonable strength by utilizing the existing footing 2.

  In addition, according to the steel pillar / footing joint structure 1 according to the present embodiment, the I-shaped steel 41 is assembled in a lattice shape to form the load transmission plate 3, so that the out-of-plane rigidity is achieved even if the overall thickness is small. Therefore, even if it is arranged above the existing footing 2, it is possible to suppress the total height of the composite footing 12, and it can be applied even in a situation where there is no allowance for the earth covering. At the same time, the load transmission plate 3 can be constructed with a larger size than the existing footing 2 by making use of its high out-of-plane rigidity, so that the load transmitted from the newly installed pier 5 can be reliably distributed. It is possible to transmit to the composite footing 12.

  Therefore, it becomes possible to construct the composite footing 12 with a free plane shape in accordance with the arrangement area of the newly installed pile 11 with the overall height being suppressed, and it is possible to flexibly respond to various on-site constraints. Become.

  In addition, according to the steel pillar / footing joint structure 1 according to the present embodiment, the I-shaped steel 41 is assembled in a lattice shape to form the load transmission plate 3, so that the compressive load is supported by the support pressure of the concrete. Unlike conventional anchor frames that only have the function of resisting or resisting tensile loads via anchor bolts, when subjected to a horizontal force during an earthquake, the horizontal force causes the web of the I-shaped steel 41 to act on the concrete. Therefore, it is possible to realize a joint structure excellent in earthquake resistance.

  Incidentally, the load transmission plate 3 not only has a load transmission function, but also functions as a structural member that supports the sectional force in the new footing 2 by the I-shaped steel 41.

  Further, according to the steel pillar / footing joint structure 1 according to the present embodiment, the U-shaped reinforcing bar 42 is straddled over the I-shaped steel 41 in the newly installed footing 4 and above the existing footing 2. Since the lower end thereof is connected to the insertion bar 43 embedded in the existing footing 2 via the coupler 44, the U-shaped reinforcing bar 42 receives a reaction force from the insertion bar 43 of the existing footing 2. Thus, a sufficient pulling resistance is exhibited, and thus the strength of the load transmitting plate 3 with respect to the pulling load or bending load, and hence the strength of the composite footing 12 can be increased.

  Further, according to the method of joining the steel column and the footing according to the present embodiment, the load of the superstructure is continuously supported by the existing bridge pier 8 and the existing footing 2 without affecting the load supporting state or the load. The new footing 4 can be constructed in a form in which the load transmission plate 3 is embedded without being affected by the support state, and the composite footing 12 can be constructed together with the new footing 4 by utilizing the existing footing 2. .

  Therefore, it is possible to significantly shorten the construction period required for the renovation work of the viaduct compared to the conventional case in which the existing footing and the pier are removed and then a new footing is constructed at the removal location.

  In this embodiment, the load transmission plate of the present invention is configured by the load transmission plate 3 configured by assembling the I-shaped steel in a lattice shape so that the overall height of the beams is the total thickness. In addition, the steel may be made of H-section steel or other shape steel, and further, a flange or web is formed instead of using a ready-made shape steel including such a flange or web from the beginning. As such, a predetermined steel material may be assembled locally.

  For example, two steel flat plates in which rectangular openings are formed in a row along two planes are vertically opposed to each other, and strips of steel plates are arranged in a lattice form so as to be perpendicular to them. Or after arrange | positioning in the shape of a cross-beam, you may make it join the upper edge and lower edge of this steel plate to the opposing surface of two steel flat plates by welding etc., respectively. In this case, each of the two steel flat plates serves as a flange, and the strip-shaped steel plate serves as a web.

  In addition, since the load transmission board assembled in this modification becomes a structure substantially the same as the load transmission board 3 after an assembly, the description using drawing is abbreviate | omitted.

  In this embodiment, the U-shaped reinforcing bar 42 is connected to the insertion bar 43 embedded in the existing footing 2 through the coupler 44. However, instead of such a mechanical joint, the U-shaped reinforcing bar 42 is connected by welding. Of course it is possible to do.

  In this embodiment, the new pile 11 is driven into the ground 10 and its head is joined to the new footing 4. However, the new pile 11 may be omitted in some cases.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the load transmission plate 3 is manufactured by assembling the I-shaped steel 41 in a lattice form on site, but instead, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of load transmission panels 61a are provided. You may make it comprise the load transmission board of this invention with the load transmission board 61 which consists of -61f.

  According to such a configuration, a plurality of load transmission panels 61a to 61f are manufactured in advance in the factory, and after these are loaded into the site, the load transmission panels 61a to 61f are arranged around the existing pier 8, and then Therefore, the load transmission plate 61 can be installed in a short period of time. Incidentally, also in this case, the column through opening 6 is formed after the on-site manufacture of the load transmission plate 61 is completed.

  Further, in this embodiment, the new pier 5 that is a new steel column is erected on the load transmission plate 3 so that the existing pier 8 that is an existing column is taken into the internal space. Can be erected at any place on the load transmission plate, for example, may be erected on one side of the existing column, or arranged on both sides of the existing column so as to sandwich it It is also possible to comprise a pair of steel columns.

  In the present embodiment, the existing pillar and the new steel pillar are respectively used as the existing pier and the new pier, but the present invention can be applied to any pillar member other than the pier.

1 Steel pillar and footing joint structure 2,61 Existing footing 3 Load transmission plate 4 New footing 5 New pier (new steel pillar)
6 Pillar penetration opening 7 Edge 8 Existing pier (existing pillar)
9 Existing pile 10 Ground 41 I-shaped steel (steel member)
42 U-shaped reinforcing bars 43 Insert bars 44 Couplers 61a to 61f Load transmission panel

Claims (5)

A load transmission plate formed by assembling steel members having flanges and webs in a lattice shape or a cross-beam shape so that their beam heights are the entire thickness, and the outer peripheral edge of the existing footing in the horizontal plane The column through-opening edge formed in the vicinity of the center surrounds the existing column and surrounds the existing column standing from the existing footing, or is disposed above the existing footing so as to surround the area after removal. In addition, a new footing is constructed around the existing footing so that the load transmission plate is embedded, and a new steel column is erected on the load transmission plate. Construction. A U-shaped rebar straddling the steel member so as to be parallel to a plane orthogonal to the material axis of the steel member and the open side being downward, and in the newly installed footing, the existing footing The steel column and footing joint structure according to claim 1, wherein the steel bar and the footing are joined together with a lower end of the U-shaped reinforcing bar connected to an insertion bar embedded in the existing footing. Expose the existing footing buried in the ground by digging the ground,
An existing pillar standing upright from the existing footing in a column through opening formed in the vicinity of the center of the load transmitting plate so that the outer peripheral edge of the load transmitting plate surrounds the outer peripheral edge of the existing footing in a horizontal plane Is arranged above the existing footing so as to be penetrated,
Build a new footing by placing concrete around the existing footing so that the load transmission plate is embedded,
A new steel pillar is erected on the load transmission plate,
A method for joining a steel column and a footing, wherein the existing column is removed after the load is replaced by the new steel column. The method for joining a steel column and a footing according to claim 3, wherein the load transmission plate comprises a plurality of load transmission panels. The steel column according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the load transmission plate is configured by assembling a steel member having a flange and a web in a lattice shape or a cross-beam shape so that their beam height is the entire thickness. Footing joining method.

Images