JP2005030102A - Shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shield machine capable of sufficiently agitating and improving excavating sediment in a chamber into soil suitable for earth removal, by adjusting a rotating speed of an agitating blade, without being influence by rotation of a cutter. <P>SOLUTION: This shield machine 1a has the cutter 10, and a cylindrical body part 20 having a driving means 30 of the cutter 10; and is constituted so as to take the excavating sediment in the chamber 22 formed between the cutter 10 and a partition wall 21 of the cylindrical body part 20; and has an agitating means 40 for agitating the excavating sediment in the chamber 22, and a screw conveyor (an earth removing means) 23 for discharging the excavating sediment from the inside of the chamber 22. The agitating means 40 is composed of a fixed shaft 41 installed on a rear surface 12 of the cutter 10, and an outer motor (a hydraulic motor) 44 capable of rotating an output part 43 having the agitating blade 42 on the periphery, around the fixed shaft 41. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a shield machine for excavating the ground.

  Conventionally, as a shield machine for excavating the ground, a cutter disk capable of excavating the ground, and a cylindrical body portion having a drive motor for rotating the cutter disk, the cutter disk and the front surface of the cylindrical body portion are provided. An earth pressure type having a stirring means for stirring the excavated earth and sand taken into the chamber formed between the closed bulkhead and a screw conveyor for discharging the excavated earth and sand from the chamber There is a shield machine.

  As a stirring means in a conventional shield machine, a plurality of stirring rods are attached to the rear surface of the cutter disk so as to protrude into the chamber, and each stirring rod is revolved concentrically with the center of rotation of the cutter disk. Some are configured to agitate the entire excavated sediment. Thereby, the excavated sediment in the chamber can be improved to a soil quality suitable for the excavation, and the excavation efficiency of the excavated sediment can be increased. In addition, when adjusting the viscosity of the excavated sediment by injecting the mud-making agent into the chamber, the mud-producing agent and the excavated sediment can be stirred and mixed by the stirring means.

In addition, when the area of the front and rear surfaces of the cutter disk is large in order to increase the excavation cross section, a support shaft (planetary shaft) attached to the rear surface of the cutter disk so as to protrude into the chamber. ) There is a stirring means (stirring blade driving mechanism) configured to increase the stirring efficiency by rotating the stirring blade (stirring blade) around and rotating the stirring blade concentrically with the rotation center of the cutter disk. .
Here, the rotation and revolution of the stirring blade are performed using a planetary gear mechanism. A ring gear concentric with the rotation center of the cutter disk is provided in the cylindrical body (body member), and meshed with the ring gear. One end of the support shaft of the stirring blade is fixed to the planetary gear, and the sun gear is fixed to the cylindrical portion. Then, by rotating the ring gear by the drive motor, the stirring blades are rotated in conjunction with the rotation of the planetary gear, and revolved concentrically with the rotation center of the cutter disk. The other end of the support shaft of the stirring blade is attached to the rear surface of the cutter disk, and the cutter disk is configured to rotate in conjunction with the revolution of the stirring blade (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2003-035093 (paragraphs 0020 to 0021, FIG. 1)

However, the conventional shield machine has the following problems.
Since the agitating blade rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the cutter disk, the rotation speed of the agitating blade is determined depending on the excavation state of the cutter disk. In particular, when the rotation of the cutter disk is stopped, the rotation of the stirring blades is also stopped, so that the stirring operation is stopped even when the excavated soil is not sufficiently stirred.

  Therefore, in the conventional shield machine, the agitating blades rotate in conjunction with the rotation of the cutter disk, and the degree of agitation cannot be adjusted according to the soil quality of the excavated earth and sand. There is a problem that it becomes difficult to stir.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem. By adjusting the rotation speed of the stirring blade without being affected by the rotation of the cutter, the excavated sediment in the chamber is sufficiently stirred and discharged. It aims at providing the shield machine which can be improved to the soil quality suitable for soil.

  The present invention is configured to solve the above-mentioned problems. The invention according to claim 1 is a cutter that is rotatable about an axis in the excavation direction, and is disposed behind the cutter, and includes a drive unit for the cutter. Shield excavation configured so that excavated earth and sand excavated by the cutter is taken into a chamber formed between the cutter and a partition wall closing the front surface of the cylindrical body portion. An agitating means for agitating the excavated earth and sand in the chamber; and a discharging means for discharging the excavated earth and sand from the chamber, the agitating means protruding into the chamber, A fixed shaft attached to the rear surface of the cutter, and an output unit having the fixed shaft inserted therein and having a stirring blade around are constituted by a hydraulic motor capable of rotating around the fixed shaft.

Here, the shape and the configuration of the cutter are not limited as long as the ground can be reliably excavated and the excavated earth and sand can be taken into the chamber.
The earth discharging means is for discharging excavated earth and sand from the chamber to the outside of the shield machine. For example, a screw conveyor is provided in the cylindrical portion so as to communicate with the chamber, and the screw conveyor There is a structure that discharges excavated soil.
Furthermore, the hydraulic motor whose output unit can rotate around the axis is an existing hydraulic motor such as a radial piston motor or an axial piston motor.
Moreover, the shape of the stirring blade provided around the output portion of the hydraulic motor is not limited as long as it can efficiently stir the excavated earth and sand in the chamber.

  According to this invention, the stirring blade is provided at the output portion of the hydraulic motor that rotates around the fixed shaft attached to the rear surface of the cutter, and is driven by a driving element that is different from the driving means for rotating the cutter. Since it can be rotated independently, the rotation speed of the agitating blade can be adjusted without being affected by the rotation of the cutter, and the agitating blade can be rotated even when the rotation of the cutter is stopped. Can be made. Thereby, since the excavated sediment in the chamber can be sufficiently stirred to improve the soil quality suitable for the soil removal, the efficiency of excavation of the excavated sediment taken in the chamber can be increased.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the shield machine according to claim 1, wherein a guide hole formed in a circumferential shape concentrically with the rotation center of the cutter penetrates the partition wall. The fixed shaft passes through the guide hole and is connected to the driving means in the cylindrical body portion, and the driving means moves the fixed shaft along the guide hole so that the cutter rotates. It is characterized by being configured.

  According to the present invention, one end of the fixed shaft is attached to the rear surface of the cutter, and the other end is supported by the driving means in the cylindrical portion, so that the strength of the stirring means can be increased. Thereby, since a stirring blade can be rotated in the stable state, the stirring efficiency of excavated earth and sand can be improved.

  Further, the invention according to claim 3 is the shield machine according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the center of rotation of the rear surface of the cutter has a central axis in which the axial direction is arranged in the drilling direction. One end is attached, and the other end of the central shaft is supported by the partition wall in a rotatable state, and the central shaft has a hydraulic pressure that allows an output portion provided with a stirring blade around the central shaft to rotate. A motor is attached.

  Furthermore, the invention described in claim 4 includes a cutter that is rotatable about an axis in the excavation direction, and a cylindrical body portion that is disposed behind the cutter and has a driving means for the cutter. A shield machine configured such that excavated earth and sand excavated by a cutter is taken into a chamber formed between a partition wall blocking the front surface, and the rotation center on the rear surface of the cutter includes: One end of the central shaft that is axially arranged in the direction of excavation is attached, and the other end of the central shaft is supported by the partition wall in a rotatable state, and the central shaft has a stirring blade around it. The output part provided is attached with a hydraulic motor capable of rotating around a central axis.

  According to the invention of Claim 3 and Claim 4, since the stirring blade can be rotated in the center part in a chamber, the whole excavated earth and sand taken in in the chamber can be stirred uniformly.

  Therefore, in the shield machine according to the present invention, the excavated sediment in the chamber can be sufficiently agitated to be improved in soil quality suitable for soil removal without being affected by the rotation of the cutter. Therefore, the ground can be excavated efficiently.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of each embodiment, the same constituent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted.

  The case where a tunnel is constructed | assembled using the shield machine which concerns on embodiment of this invention is demonstrated as an example.

[First Embodiment]
First, the shield machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a sectional side view showing a front portion of a shield machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

First, the configuration of the shield machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In addition, the front-back direction in this embodiment respond | corresponds to the digging direction of a shield machine, the left side of FIG. 1 is the front, and the right side of FIG. 1 is the back.
As shown in FIG. 1, the shield machine 1a includes a cutter 10 that is rotatable around an axis in the direction of excavation, and a cylindrical body portion 20 that is disposed behind the cutter 10 and includes a driving unit 30 for the cutter 10. The excavated earth and sand excavated by the cutter 10 is taken into a chamber 22 formed between the cutter 10 and the partition wall 21 closing the front surface of the cylindrical body portion 20. Further, the shield machine 1a includes an agitation means 40 for agitating the excavated earth and sand in the chamber 22, and a screw conveyor ("draining means" in the claims) 23 for discharging the excavated earth and sand in the chamber 22. The excavated sediment is agitated in the chamber 22 and then discharged.

The cutter 10 is a disk-shaped member in which a front surface 11 and a rear surface 12 are formed in a circular vertical surface, and a plurality of bits 13 are radially arranged on the front surface 11 from the center of the circle. Is attached to the front end of the central shaft 14 which is axially arranged in the excavation direction.
The cutter 10 is configured to rotate the center shaft 14 in a state where the front surface 11 is in contact with the ground, thereby rotating the cutter 10 as a whole and excavating the ground with the respective bits 13 of the front surface 11.
Further, the cutter 10 has a plurality of fan-shaped openings 15 penetrating through the front view, and the excavated earth and sand excavated by the front surface 11 is taken into the chamber 22 through the openings 15.

The agitating means 40 is provided with two agitating means 40, 40 spaced apart from each other across the center of the circle of the rear surface 12 of the cutter 10. A horizontally mounted fixed shaft 41 and a hydraulic motor (hereinafter, referred to as an output portion 43 having a plurality of stirring blades 42, which are rod-shaped members, are rotatable around the fixed shaft 41. 44 (referred to as “outer motor”).
The outer motor 44 is an outer peripheral drive type radial piston motor in which the output portion 43 rotates around the fixed shaft 41 inserted therein.
The stirring means 40 is configured such that the fixed shaft 41 moves in conjunction with the rotation of the cutter 10, and the output portion 43 of the outer motor 44 rotates around the fixed shaft 41. That is, the stirring blade 42 attached around the output portion 43 revolves concentrically with the rotation center of the cutter 10 while rotating around the fixed shaft 41.

Further, the rear end portion of the central shaft 14 attached to the rear surface 12 of the cutter 10 is in a state of projecting into the cylindrical body portion 20 through the central hole 25 provided in the partition wall 21. The bearing can be rotated around an axis by a bearing fitted on the inner peripheral surface of 25. A gear 16 having teeth formed around the central shaft 14 is attached to the rear end of the central shaft 14.
Further, an outer motor 50 in which an output unit 51 having a plurality of stirring blades 52 around it is rotatable around the central shaft 14 is extrapolated to the central shaft 14, and the stirring blades 52 of the outer motor 50 are chambered. 22 is configured to rotate within.

Here, in the center shaft 14, the cutter 10, and the fixed shafts 41, 41, an oil supply path for supplying drive oil to the stirring means 40, 40 and the outer motors 44, 50 of the center shaft 14 (see FIG. The oil supply path and the oil supply hose 18 communicate with each other via a rotary joint 17 attached to the central shaft 14 behind the partition wall 21.
The drive oil supplied from the oil supply hose 18 is configured to be supplied to the agitating means 40 and 40 and the outer motors 44 and 50 of the central shaft 14 through the oil supply path. Similarly, an oil drain path (not shown) for driving oil discharged from each outer motor 44 is provided inside the center shaft 14, the cutter 10, and each fixed shaft 41, 41, and the rotary joint 17. The drive oil is discharged from the oil discharge hose 19 via the.
This eliminates the need for directly attaching the oil supply hose 18 and the oil discharge hose 19 to the outer motors 44 and 50, so that it is not necessary to consider the entanglement of the hoses when the outer motors 44 and 50 are driven. Since it is not necessary to provide a joint, the configuration of the shield machine 1a can be simplified.

The cylindrical portion 20 has an outer wall portion 24 that is horizontally arranged in the axial direction and is formed in a cylindrical shape having the same diameter as the cutter 10, and the front surface of the outer wall portion 24 is closed by a partition wall 21. A chamber 22 is formed between 21 and the rear surface 12 of the cutter 10. The front end portion of the outer wall portion 24 projects forward from the partition wall 21 and is formed so as to surround the periphery of the chamber 22. Further, a screw conveyor 23 for discharging excavated earth and sand in the chamber 22 and a driving means 30 for rotating the cutter 10 are provided in the outer wall portion 24 behind the partition wall 21.
The screw conveyor 23 penetrates the partition wall 21 so that the front end portion thereof communicates with the lower end portion of the chamber 22, and is arranged in a state inclined obliquely upward from the front end portion in the cylindrical body portion 20. Thereby, the excavated earth and sand in the chamber 22 can be discharged to the rear side of the cylindrical body portion 20 by the screw conveyor 23.

The drive means 30 is configured to rotate the cutter 10 by a drive motor 32 installed on a mounting base 33 provided on the inner side of the outer wall portion 24, and is arranged at the front end portion of the rotation shaft of the drive motor 32. A gear 31 meshing with the gear 16 of the central shaft 14 is attached. Thereby, the center shaft 14 can be rotated by rotating the rotating shaft of the drive motor 32, and the cutter 10 to which the center shaft 14 is attached can be rotated.
Furthermore, a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) for moving the shield machine 1a in the digging direction is provided in the cylindrical body portion 20. By extending the hydraulic cylinder, the shield machine 1a is moved in the digging direction. Configured to move to.

Next, ground excavation using the shield machine 1a will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 1, the shield machine 1 a is installed on the ground to be excavated so that the front surface 11 of the cutter 10 faces, and the cutter 10 is rotated by the driving means 30 and driven from the oil supply hose 18. Oil is supplied, and the stirring blades 42 and 52 of the outer motors 44 and 50 of the central shaft 14 are rotated.

Further, the shield machine 1 a is moved in the direction of excavation, and the ground is excavated by the front surface 11 of the cutter 10. Then, the excavated sediment is taken into the chamber 22 through each opening 15 of the cutter 10. In the chamber 22, the stirring blades 42 of the respective stirring means 40, 40 revolve around the fixed shaft 41 while revolving concentrically with the rotation center of the cutter 10, and at the same time as the rotation center of the cutter 10, Since the stirring blade 52 of the motor 50 is rotating, the entire excavated earth and sand taken into the chamber 22 by the stirring blades 42 and 52 is uniformly stirred.
In this way, the excavated soil that has been sufficiently agitated and pulverized in the chamber 22 to improve the soil quality suitable for the soil discharge is discharged to the outside of the shield machine 1 a by the screw conveyor 23.

  In addition, since each stirring blade 42 and 52 is provided in the circumference | surroundings of the output parts 43 and 51 of the outer motors 44 and 50, and rotates by the drive element different from the drive means 30 for rotating the cutter 10, The rotational speed of the stirring blade 42 can be adjusted without being affected by the rotation of the cutter 10. Thereby, even after the rotation of the cutter 10 is stopped, the excavated earth and sand in the chamber 22 can be agitated, so that the excavated earth and sand can be surely made to have a desired soil quality.

  Therefore, in the shield machine 1a according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the excavated sediment in the chamber 22 is sufficiently agitated to be improved to a soil suitable for discharging without being affected by the rotation of the cutter 10. Therefore, the soil removal efficiency of the excavated soil taken into the chamber 22 can be increased.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a shield machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The shield machine according to the second embodiment has substantially the same configuration as the shield machine according to the first embodiment, and the configuration for rotating the cutter is different.
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a front portion of a shield machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing a shield machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 3A is a partial cross-sectional front view, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

  The driving means 60 of the shield machine 1b according to the second embodiment is formed in a circular shape concentric with the rotation center of the cutter 10, as shown in FIGS. Ring gear 61 and three drive motors 62 installed on each mounting base 63 provided on the left and right side portions (in the left-right direction in FIG. 3B) inside the outer wall portion 24 and the upper side portion. It is configured. The drive means 60 is configured to engage the ring gear 61 with the three drive motors 62 by meshing the teeth formed on the outer peripheral surface of the ring gear 61 with the gears 64 attached to the rotation shaft of the drive motor 62. It is configured to rotate concentrically with the rotation center of the cutter 10. In the present embodiment, the ring gear 61 is rotated by the three drive motors 62. However, the number of the drive motors 62 is not limited, and the ring gear 61 is configured using six to eight drive motors 62. Is preferably rotated efficiently.

Further, the partition wall 21 is provided with a guide hole 26 formed in a circular shape concentric with the rotation center of the cutter 10 so as to penetrate the partition wall 21. The bearing is fitted.
Further, the rear end portion of the fixed shaft 41 ′ of each stirring means 40, 40 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the ring gear 61 through the guide hole 26, and can move along the inside of the guide hole 26. ing.
As a result, the drive motors 62 and 62 constituting the drive means 60 rotate the ring gear 61 and move the respective fixed shafts 41 and 41 along the inside of the guide hole 26 in conjunction with this rotation. The cutter 10 to which the front end portions of the fixed shafts 41 and 41 are attached can be rotated.
Reference numeral 28 denotes a circumferential inner fitting member that is fitted into the guide hole 26 in order to prevent inflow of excavated earth and sand from the guide hole 26 into the cylindrical body portion 20. , 41 and is configured to move in the guide hole 26 in conjunction with the fixed shafts 41, 41. Reference numeral 27 denotes a seal member provided on the front surface 11 of the cutter 10 so as to block a gap between the inner fitting member 28 and the inner and outer peripheral edges of the guide hole 26, and interlocks with the inner fitting member 28. Then, it is configured to slide on the front surface 11 of the cutter 10.

  Therefore, in the shield machine 1b according to the second embodiment, the front end portion of the fixed shaft 41 ′ is attached to the rear surface 12 of the cutter 10, and the rear end portion is supported by the driving means 60 in the cylindrical body portion 20. The strength of the stirring means 40 can be increased. Thereby, since the stirring blade 42 can be rotated in a stable state, the stirring efficiency of the excavated earth and sand can be increased.

As mentioned above, although an example about the suitable embodiment of the present invention was explained, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and design change is possible suitably in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of the present invention.
For example, the number of stirring means is not limited to two, and two or more stirring means may be provided on the rear surface of the cutter as long as drive oil can be supplied to each outer motor.
Moreover, stirring efficiency can be improved by rotating the stirring blade of an adjacent outer motor to a mutually different direction, and stirring the digging earth between each stirring blade reliably.

  Further, as shown in the side sectional view of FIG. 4, the agitation blade 52 of the outer motor 50 provided on the central shaft 14 is provided in the chamber 22 without providing the agitation means 40 (see FIG. 1) on the rear surface 12 of the cutter 10. You may comprise so that excavation earth and sand may be stirred. In this shield machine 1c, since the length of each stirring blade 52 can be increased as compared with the case where the stirring means is provided, the excavated sediment in the chamber 22 can be stirred. Can be simplified.

  In addition, an injection means capable of injecting the mud-making agent into the chamber is provided in the cylindrical body, and the excavated earth-and-dough with the mud-injecting agent is agitated and mixed by a stirring blade, so that the excavated earth-and-soil has a viscosity suitable for discharging. You may comprise so that it may adjust.

It is the sectional side view which showed the front part of the shield machine which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the sectional side view which showed the front part of the shield machine which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed the shield machine which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a fragmentary sectional front view, (b) is AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is the sectional side view which showed the other structure in the front part of the shield machine which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1a Shield machine (first embodiment)
1b Shield machine (second embodiment)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Cutter 14 Center axis | shaft 20 Cylindrical part 21 Partition 22 Chamber 23 Screw conveyor 30 Drive means 40 Stirring means 44 Outer motor (stirring means)
50 Outer motor (center shaft)

Claims (4)

A cutter that can rotate around an axis in the direction of excavation;
A cylindrical body portion disposed behind the cutter and having a drive means for the cutter,
A shield machine that is configured such that excavated earth and sand excavated by the cutter is taken into a chamber formed between the cutter and a partition wall blocking the front surface of the cylindrical body part. ,
Stirring means for stirring the excavated earth and sand in the chamber;
And a soil discharging means for discharging excavated sediment from the chamber,
The stirring means includes
A fixed shaft attached to the rear surface of the cutter so as to protrude into the chamber;
A shield machine, wherein the fixed shaft is inserted, and an output unit provided with a stirring blade around is composed of a hydraulic motor capable of rotating around the fixed shaft. The partition wall is provided with a guide hole formed in a circumferential shape concentric with the rotation center of the cutter in a state of passing through the partition wall,
The fixed shaft passes through the guide hole and is connected to the drive means in the cylindrical body portion, and the drive means causes the fixed shaft to move circumferentially along the guide hole, whereby the cutter rotates. The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the shield machine is configured as described above. One end of a central axis, in which the axial direction is arranged in the excavation direction, is attached to the rotation center on the rear surface of the cutter,
The other end of the central shaft is supported by the partition wall in a rotatable state,
3. The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the central shaft is attached with a hydraulic motor in which an output portion provided around the stirring blade is rotatable around the central shaft. 4. . A cutter that can rotate around an axis in the direction of excavation;
A cylindrical body portion disposed behind the cutter and having a drive means for the cutter,
A shield machine that is configured such that excavated earth and sand excavated by the cutter is taken into a chamber formed between the cutter and a partition wall blocking the front surface of the cylindrical body part. ,
One end of a central axis, in which the axial direction is arranged in the excavation direction, is attached to the rotation center on the rear surface of the cutter,
The other end of the central shaft is supported by the partition wall in a rotatable state,
The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein a hydraulic motor is attached to the central shaft so that an output portion provided around the stirring blade can rotate about the central shaft.

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