JP2005022607A - Air-conditioner of cab - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively and sufficiently condition air in a cab without giving an oppression feeling or a closing feeling and the like to an operator operating a machine in the cab. <P>SOLUTION: Air is blown diagonally from the above in front of a driver's seat from an air conditioner 11 installed in a cab 5, and a upper guide duct part 14b is connected with an end of a connection part 14a extending toward a side window formation part 5L side at a rear position of the driver's seat 10. Its tip end is connected with a flat chamber part 14c positioned on a rearer side than a skylight 15 in a ceiling 5C, and front guide duct parts 14d, 14d connected with the flat chamber part 14c extend forward along a corner part between a portions provided with the skylight 15 of the ceiling 5C and walls of the right and left side window formation parts 5L, 5R, and are connected with both of right and left parts of a blow passage 13 provided at a boundary between the ceiling 5C and a front window formation part 5F. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an air conditioner for a cab, which is provided in, for example, a hydraulic excavator or other construction machine and air-conditions the inside of a cab on which an operator who operates the machine is boarded.

  An air conditioner is installed in a cab of a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator in order to enhance the comfortability. The air conditioner can select operation modes such as cooling, heating, dehumidification, and ventilation. Select these operation modes according to the temperature and humidity of the surrounding environment to operate the air conditioner. The cab is air-conditioned.

  An air conditioner in a construction machine is usually configured to suck outside air and inside air from an air intake of an air conditioner and blow out cool air, warm air, and the like from the air supply. The inside of the cab is narrow, and the installation position of the air conditioner is usually arranged at the rear position of the driver's seat in the cab. Therefore, it is general that a duct is connected to an air supply port of an air conditioner and a blowout port is provided at the end of the duct. By the way, there are many cases where it is not possible to arrange the duct outlet at an optimum position for the operator because it is necessary to secure a wide field of view from the inside of the cab.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally known is a structure in which a duct is extended toward the front and rear of a cab, and a blowout opening is opened from the front of the cab toward the driver's seat and from the rear side toward the upper side. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). Further, in the canopy-type construction machine, a cooler unit is mounted on the inner surface of the canopy, a plurality of ducts are extended forward from the cooler unit, and a cold air outlet is obliquely downward from the front of the canopy 2, A configuration in which three places are provided is also known in the art (for example, see Patent Document 2).

  By the way, when air-conditioning the cab, especially when cooling, it is most comfortable from the perspective of the operator's comfort that the cool air blows off diagonally forward when seated in the driver's seat. is there. As disclosed in Patent Document 1, even if the air outlet is arranged in front, the seat of the driver's seat or a position slightly above the seat opens to the operator's seat. Since cold air is supplied toward the vicinity of the abdomen, it is not necessarily comfortable.

On the other hand, as in Patent Document 2, an air conditioner and a duct are arranged on the inner surface of the canopy, and the cool air is sent obliquely downward from the front portion of the canopy, so that the operator gets a cool feeling. Then, it can be said that it is more rational than the structure of patent document 1. FIG. However, in the canopy, a duct is provided at the upper position of the driver's seat, and a fan is installed at the rear position of the driver's seat, which gives a feeling of pressure to the operator seated in the driver's seat and If it is arranged near the back of the operator's head, it is not always preferable for the operator's living environment because unpleasant noise is generated at the operator's ear.
JP-A-8-17156 JP-A-11-310937

  Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that the air inside the cab can be effectively and efficiently air-conditioned without giving a feeling of pressure or a blockage to the operator operating the machine. Is to do so.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the present invention provides a driver seat provided in a cab surrounded by left and right side window forming portions, front window forming portions and rear window forming portions, and a ceiling. An air conditioner is installed at the rear position, and a duct is connected to the air supply port of the air conditioner. The duct includes a rear window of the rear window forming unit and a side window provided in one side window forming unit. Led to the inner surface of the ceiling through a corner portion between the front window and through the corner portions between the ceiling and the side window forming positions of the left and right side window forming portions at least in the upper position of the driver seat. It extends to the boundary between the front window and the ceiling formed in the forming part, arranges a blowing passage at the boundary between the front window and the ceiling, and connects the tip of the duct to both ends of the blowing passage, This blowout passage has a blowout opening that opens diagonally downward toward the driver's seat. It is an its features that it has a configuration in which a plurality of locations disposed.

  With this configuration, when an operator is seated on the driver's seat, air is blown from the diagonally upper portion in front of the operator. For this purpose, the air conditioner and its blowing part are connected by a duct. Since the internal space of the cab is limited, depending on the arrangement of the duct, it may be an obstacle for the operator to operate the machine, or it may be a feeling of pressure, blockage, etc. Become. In addition, in the operation of construction machines, for example, excavators, it is necessary to widen the external visual field range when excavating soil and loading it on a dump truck, and therefore the left and right sides constituting the periphery of the cab are required. A wide window is provided in each of the side window forming part, the front window forming part, and the rear window forming part, and there is also a thing in which a ceiling window is provided in the ceiling in order to secure an upper visual field. In addition, a driver's seat is attached to the floor, and support portions such as a console and operation means are provided. From the above, in order to pull out the duct from the air conditioner and provide the outlet at the optimum position for the operator, the duct cannot simply be provided at a desired site.

  Therefore, the inner surfaces of the rear window forming part and the ceiling are used as the duct arrangement part. However, when a construction machine is moved from one work site to another, it is usually loaded on a trailer and travels on a general road. For this reason, there is a vehicle height regulation in transportation, and the cab ceiling cannot be made too high. In the present invention, the inner surface of the ceiling is used as an arrangement space for the duct, but at least the upper position of the driver's seat is provided so as not to give a feeling of pressure or a blockage to the operator who operates the machine in the cab. Then, a corner portion between the ceiling and the left and right side window forming portions is used as a duct arrangement space.

  Since the air conditioner is arranged at the rear position of the driver's seat, the duct from the air conditioner is raised from the rear side of the cab toward the ceiling. For this purpose, a boundary portion between the rear window forming portion and one side window forming portion is used. And it is set as the structure which branches a duct to the left and right in the inner surface part of a ceiling, and communicates with the both ends of a blowing channel | path. By providing a duct on the side of the rear window forming part, it will protrude inward by that amount, but it does not give a special feeling of pressure to the operator sitting in this driver's seat, and the rear view is substantially There is no limit.

  In the case where the skylight is formed in the upper part of the driver's seat on the ceiling of the cab, the duct has a wide passage on the rear side of the skylight and extends through the left and right sides of the skylight forming part. Like that. Of course, on the inner surface of the ceiling, the duct may be connected to both ends of the blowing passage while branching left and right, but by making the rear side wider than the skylight formation part, the heat shielding effect on the rear side upper surface of the driver's seat Can be given. When the front window forming part is configured to be openable and closable, guide rails for guiding the front window forming part are provided on the left and right side window forming parts in order to open the front window forming part. However, this guide rail is arranged on the lower side from the position of the blowing passage. Moreover, in order to air-condition the whole cab uniformly, a blower outlet can also be arrange | positioned behind a driver's seat. The material constituting the duct may be metal, but it is made of paper plate material or plastic material, which increases the heat insulation effect from the outside air, makes the duct inexpensive, and also has a heat insulation effect. Are better.

  The present invention has an effect that the inside of the cab can be effectively and efficiently air-conditioned without giving an operator operating the machine in the cab a feeling of pressure or blockage.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration of a hydraulic excavator as an example of a construction machine in which the cab of the present invention is installed. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a lower traveling body, 2 denotes an upper swing body, and the upper swing body 2 is installed on the upper portion of the lower traveling body 1 so as to be swingable via a swing device 3. The upper swing body 2 is provided with working means 4 as a construction machine, for example, earth and sand excavating means, and a cab 5 is installed in line with the working means 4. And the machine room building 6 is formed in the rear part side of the turning body 2, and the counterweight 7 is provided in the rearmost part position.

  The above is the main component of the hydraulic excavator. An operator who operates this machine is mounted on the cab 5. In this cab 5, the working means 4 is operated, the lower traveling body 1 is traveled, and the upper revolving body 2 is swung by the swiveling device 3. For example, an operation is performed. As shown in FIG. 2, the cab 5 has a structure having left and right side window forming portions 5L, 5R, a front window forming portion 5F, a rear window forming portion 5B, and a ceiling 5C. An opening / closing door 8 is provided on the left side window forming portion 5L. The front window forming portion 5F has almost the entire front window, and wide windows are formed in the side window forming portions 5L and 5R and also in the rear window forming portion 5B. As a result, the operator can obtain a wide external field of view within the cab 5, and the hydraulic excavator can be operated smoothly, accurately and safely. Furthermore, a skylight is also formed on the ceiling 5C in order to obtain an upper visual field.

  While working with a hydraulic excavator, the operator always stays in the cab 5, but since the work may take a long time of several hours, a comfortable comfort of the operator in the cab 5 is desired. . Since construction machines such as hydraulic excavators operate in the field, they are directly affected by environmental temperature and humidity. For this purpose, an air conditioner is installed inside the cab 5 to adjust the internal temperature and humidity of the cab 5.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the cab 5 is a relatively narrow space, and the driver's seat 10 is installed at the center thereof, and the air conditioner 11 is installed at the rear position of the driver's seat 10. Yes. The air conditioner 11 is provided with a suction part and a blow-out part, and the suction is provided with an inside air suction part and an outside air suction part. The inside air suction port 12a is provided, for example, in the lower part of the seat of the driver's seat 10, and the outside air suction port 12b is formed on the outer surface of the rear window forming portion 5B. However, it is not always necessary to perform two systems of internal and external air.

  On the other hand, air blowing from the air conditioner 11 is performed from the front side and the rear side of the driver's seat 10. In front of the driver's seat 10, air is blown toward the driver's seat 10 from obliquely above, and in the rear, the air is blown upward. A blowing part 11 a is formed in the upper part of the air conditioner 11, and thereby air is blown upward on the rear side of the driver's seat 10. As shown in FIG. 3, the ceiling 5 </ b> C is provided with a blowing passage 13 at the boundary with the front window forming portion 5 </ b> F, and air is blown obliquely downward from the blowing passage 13 toward the driver seat 10. A duct 14 is provided between the air conditioner 11 and the blowing passage 13.

  FIG. 4 shows the routing structure of the duct 14. The duct 14 has a connection portion 14 a to the air conditioner 11, and the connection portion 14 a extends toward the side window forming portion 5 </ b> R at the rear position of the driver's seat 10. And the upper guide duct part 14b is connected to the edge part of this connection part 14a. The upper guide duct portion 14b is formed along the corner portion of the side window forming portion 5R and the rear window forming portion 5B as shown in FIG. 5 showing the AA cross section in FIG. It is provided at a position where it does not interfere with the windows provided in the portion 5L and the rear window forming portion 5B, and its cross section is substantially rectangular.

  The upper guide duct portion 14b extends to the inner surface of the ceiling 5C. Then, on the inner surface of the ceiling 5C, on the rear side thereof, as shown in FIG. 6 showing the BB cross section in FIG. 4, a flat chamber portion 14c is provided, and the tip portion of the upper guide duct portion 14b is It is connected to this flat chamber part 14c. The flat chamber portion 14c is a thin chamber having a width dimension substantially the same as the width of the ceiling 5C, and is located on the rear side of the portion of the ceiling 5C where the skylight 15 is provided. Further, front guide duct portions 14d and 14d are connected to the left and right sides of the flat chamber portion 14c as shown in FIG. 7 showing a CC cross section in FIG. 4, and these front guide duct portions 14d and 14d are connected to the ceiling. It extends forward along the corner portion between the portion of 5C where the skylight 15 is provided and the wall portions of the left and right side window forming portions 5L, 5R. And the front-end | tip parts of these front guide duct parts 14d and 14d are connected to the right-and-left both ends of the blowing channel | path 13, and the air from the air conditioner 11 is supplied from the both ends of the blowing channel | path 13. As a result, the skylight 15 is not covered with the duct 14, does not obstruct the upper visual field through the skylight 15, and does not interfere with the windows provided in the side window forming portions 5L and 5R.

  The blowing passage 13 extends over almost the entire length of the cab 5 in the width direction, and is a relatively narrow passage. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8 showing a DD cross section in FIG. 4, the blowing passage 13 has one or a plurality of locations (this embodiment) on the surface inclined obliquely downward toward the driver's seat 10 side. In FIG. 3, three outlets 13a are formed as shown in FIG. A plurality of wind direction guide plates 16 are attached to the outlets 13a in the vertical direction, and the direction of the air blown out from the outlets 13a is changed by tilting the wind direction guide plates 16.

  Here, the front window forming portion 5F can be opened and closed. That is, by lifting the front window forming part 5F upward and sending it to the rear side along the ceiling 5C, the front part of the cab 5 is fully opened, and a lower visual field can be obtained. Yes. When the front window forming portion 5F is opened, the front window forming portion 5F is stored in a state substantially parallel to the inner surface of the ceiling 5C. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, guide grooves 17 are formed on the inner surfaces of the side window forming portions 5L and 5R from the vicinity of the front window forming portion 5F end to the vicinity of the transition portion to the ceiling 5C. A pair of upper and lower rollers (not shown) that roll in the guide groove 17 are provided on the left and right sides of the front window forming portion 5F. These guide grooves 17 are disposed below the flat chamber 14 c constituting the duct 14, the front guide duct portion 14 d and the blowing passage 13. Further, when the front window forming portion 5F is in the retracted state, the end portion of the front window forming portion 5F is disposed on the rear side from the arrangement portion of the blowing passage 13 as indicated by the phantom line 20 in FIG. Will be.

  The duct 14 can be made of a metal material such as a steel plate, but is preferably made of a plastic material or cardboard in order to reduce the weight. In particular, if it is made of cardboard, it can be easily fixed to the inner surface of the cab 5 by, for example, a double-sided adhesive sheet. Further, by using plastic or cardboard, the heat insulation is improved and the occurrence of condensation can be prevented. When the duct 14 is formed of plastic or cardboard, it is painted on the surface exposed in the cab 5 or a cosmetic film or sheet is attached.

  By configuring as described above, the air conditioning in the cab 5 can be smoothly and efficiently performed, and the temperature (and humidity) in the cab 5 can be made uniform. That is, as indicated by the arrows in FIG. 2, the air blown from the air conditioner 11 is blown upward from the blowout part 11 a formed in the air conditioner 11 disposed in the rear part of the driver's seat 10. None, and air is blown obliquely downward from the outlet 13a of the outlet passage 13 provided at the upper front position of the driver's seat 10. And it circulates to the air conditioner 11 from the inside air inlet 12a opened to the front side in the lower position of the driver's seat 10. As a result, air is smoothly circulated inside the cab 5.

  Cooling is extremely important as a living environment for an operator operating inside the cab 5. The cab 5 is a closed and narrow space, and almost all of the cab 5 is exposed to sunlight, so that the temperature rises remarkably due to the greenhouse effect. In particular, the ceiling 5C is formed with the skylight 15. However, since the steel plate having high thermal conductivity is located in the rear portion of the skylight 15, the temperature on the upper side of the cab 5 becomes extremely high. However, as described above, the cold air from the air conditioner 11 is sent forward from the rear side of the driver's seat 10 along the inner surface of the ceiling 5C, and from the outlet 13a of the outlet passage 13 on the front side of the driver's seat 10. Since the operator is seated obliquely downward, the upper body of the operator who is seated in the driver's seat 10 comes into efficient contact with the cool air, and a refreshing feeling is obtained.

  In addition, since the front guide duct portions 14d are connected to the left and right ends of the blowing passage 13 disposed on the front side of the driver's seat 10, the blowing passages 13a provided at a plurality of locations in the left and right directions are substantially equal. Cold air is blown out. Further, on the inner surface of the ceiling 5C, the rear side portion where the skylight 15 is not provided is provided with a flat chamber portion 14c to which cold air is supplied, so that a heat shielding effect inside the cab 5 is exhibited. As a result, the cool air is supplied to the inside of the cab 5 very efficiently toward the operator sitting in the driver's seat 10 in particular. Further, when heating, the operator needs to warm the operator's hand as quickly as possible in order to operate the operation means mainly by hand. Since warm air is supplied toward the operator from obliquely above by the blowout passage 13, the operator's hand can be warmed intensively, which is also convenient.

  The cab 5 is a narrow space, and if a duct is disposed in the cab 5, depending on the position, the operator may feel a sense of pressure or blockage, and may interfere with the operation of various operating means. is there. However, the duct 14 is disposed on the rear side and the upper side of the cab 5 and is disposed in a region where the operator does not watch in a normal state. Moreover, on the upper side, the front guide duct portion 14d is merely disposed at the corner portion between the ceiling 5C and the side window forming portions 5L and 5R at the portion where the skylight 15 that the operator looks at is provided. There is no pressure from the side. For safe operation of the machine, windows are provided in various places in order to widen the field of view outside the cab 5 as much as possible, but the duct 14 does not cover these windows at all. Therefore, the field of view of the operator is not restricted.

  In the present embodiment, the air is blown out at two locations on the front side and the rear side of the driver's seat 10, but may be blown out from the lower part of the seat to the operator's feet, for example. In this case, the inside air inlet 12a is provided, for example, at the rear of the driver's seat 10 or the like.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a hydraulic excavator as an example of a construction machine. It is explanatory drawing which shows the flow of air when an air conditioner is operated inside a cab. It is the figure which looked ahead from the driver's seat inside the cab. It is composition explanatory drawing which shows the routing structure of the duct from an air conditioner. It is sectional drawing of the position shown by AA of FIG. 4 of the duct with which the cab was mounted | worn. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the duct attached to the cab at the position indicated by BB in FIG. 4. It is sectional drawing of the position shown by CC in FIG. 4 of the duct with which the cab was mounted | worn. It is sectional drawing of the position shown by DD in FIG. 4 of the duct with which the cab was mounted | worn. It is a schematic block diagram of the opening / closing mechanism of the front window formation part provided in the side window formation part.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 Cab 5B Rear window formation part 5C Ceiling 5F Front window formation part 5L, 5R Side window formation part 10 Driver's seat 11 Air conditioner 11a Outlet 12a Inside air inlet 12b Outside air inlet 13 Outlet passage 13a Outlet 14 Duct 14a Connection part 14b Upper guide duct portion 14c Flat chamber portion 14d Front guide duct portion 15 Skylight 16 Wind direction guide plate 17 Guide groove

Claims (5)

An air conditioner is installed at the rear position of the driver's seat provided in the cab surrounded by the left and right side window forming portions, the front window forming portion and the rear window forming portion, and the ceiling,
A duct is connected to the air conditioner, and the duct is guided to the inner surface of the ceiling through a corner portion between a rear window of the rear window forming portion and a side window provided in one side window forming portion. , At least in the upper position of the driver's seat, through both corners between the ceiling and the left and right side window forming parts, and extended to the boundary between the front window and the ceiling formed in the front window forming part,
Arranging a blowing passage at the boundary between the front window and the ceiling, connecting the tip of the duct to both ends of the blowing passage,
An air conditioner for a cab, characterized in that one or a plurality of outlets opening obliquely downward toward the driver's seat are disposed in the outlet passage. The cab air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioner is further configured to open a blow-out opening upward at a rear position of the driver seat. A skylight is formed on the ceiling above the driver's seat, and the duct is formed as a wide passage with the rear side of the skylight substantially matching the width of the ceiling, and passes through the left and right sides of the skylight forming portion. The cab air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the cab air conditioner is extended. The guide rail for opening and closing the said front window formation part is provided in the said left and right side window formation part, This guide rail is formed in the lower part position of the said blowing channel | path. Item 3. The cab air conditioner according to any one of items 2 to 3. The cab air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the duct is made of paper or plastic.

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