JP2005000770A - Minute reaction device for solid/liquid interface reaction - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a minute reaction device for a solid/liquid interface reaction capable of preventing leakage of liquid from a flow passage. <P>SOLUTION: An inlet and an outlet of a reaction solution are formed on a base board chip 10. A gasket 20 has elasticity, is thin as compared with the base board chip 10 and has a slit 22 at a center. The base board chip 10, the gasket 20 and a solid testing piece 30 are superposed and are closely adhered by applying external pressure. A reaction flow passage RP is formed by the slit 22 of the gasket and a solid phase of the testing piece 30 contacted with an opening of the slit. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus suitable for measuring an interfacial reaction at an interface between a solid phase and a liquid phase.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, in the field of biochemistry, so-called microreactors with various effectiveness such as miniaturization of samples, speeding up of reactions and analyzes, etc. have been used as devices for evaluating cell-free protein synthesis reactions and gene amplification reactions. Things are being developed. For example, as described in JP-A-10-337173, the microreactor forms a minute liquid phase channel (a channel having a width of several tens to several hundreds μm) on a substrate, Two types of liquids to be evaluated are fed from two connected inlets, and the two liquids are synthesized in the flow path.
[0003]
With this configuration, the microreactor feeds the liquid to be measured into the fine flow path, so the area of the liquid-liquid interface with respect to the volume of the liquid increases, the molecular movement speed in the liquid increases, and the two liquids become efficient. Can be reacted. Further, since the microreactor channel has a very small volume, a small amount of sample is sufficient and contamination of impurities is suppressed.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-337173
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The above-described microreactor is used for reaction between a liquid phase and a liquid phase. For example, in the treatment of a radioactive substance, the solid and liquid are measured as in the case of measuring the solid adsorption performance for the radioactive substance contained in the liquid. It is necessary to have a means for accurately evaluating the phenomenon occurring at the interface.
[0006]
Therefore, the present inventors have previously proposed the following solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus. That is, in this apparatus, a solid-phase solid sample that causes an interfacial reaction at the interface with the liquid phase and a substrate having a groove formed on the surface are superimposed, and a thin-layer flow path formed by the groove and the solid sample. The liquid phase that causes an interfacial reaction is circulated. Thus, by measuring the solid-liquid interface reaction caused by reproducing the actual environment, various solid-liquid interface reactions occurring in the actual environment can be accurately measured.
[0007]
However, even if the surface of the solid sample, which is a test piece, is flattened with a file or the like, the surface irregularities remain, so a flow path is formed by overlapping the solid sample and the substrate on which the groove is formed. It has been found that there is a problem that when the liquid is circulated, the liquid easily leaks from the contact surface between the two. In particular, when measuring the adsorption performance of a solid with respect to a radioactive substance contained in a liquid, the occurrence of a liquid leak causes a leak of the radioactive substance and causes a problem.
[0008]
An object of the present invention is to provide a solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus capable of preventing liquid leakage from a flow path.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
(1) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a base on which an inlet and an outlet of a reaction solution are formed, and a gasket having elasticity, being thinner than the base and having a slit in the center. The substrate, the gasket, and a solid test piece formed on the surface of a solid phase that causes an interfacial reaction with the liquid phase of the reaction solution, and applying the external pressure to the base, the gasket, and the test piece. And a reaction channel is formed by the solid phase contacting the slit of the gasket and the opening of the slit, the reaction solution is introduced from the inlet, and the reaction solution that has passed through the reaction channel is discharged from the outlet. It is made to let you.
With such a configuration, liquid leakage from the reaction channel can be prevented.
[0010]
(2) In the above (1), preferably, the base has a hardness equal to or higher than that of the gasket.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the configuration of a solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, the configuration of the reaction vessel used in the solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a configuration of a reaction vessel used in a solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0012]
A reaction vessel used in the solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a base chip 10, a gasket 20, and a test piece 30. The base chip 10 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and its size is, for example, 40 mm long, 25 mm wide, and 10 mm thick. In the base chip 10, a fluid inlet 12 and a fluid outlet 14 are formed as holes penetrating in the thickness direction. The diameter of the inflow port 12 and the outflow port 14 is 1.2 mmφ, for example.
[0013]
The gasket 20 is made of a material having elasticity, and is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), for example, like the base chip 10. The size is, for example, 40 mm long, 25 mm wide, and 160 μm thick. A slit 22 serving as a part of the reaction channel is formed at the center of the gasket 20. The size of the slit 22 is, for example, 20 mm long, 2 mm wide, and 160 μm thick.
[0014]
The test piece 30 is a solid sample, and the size thereof is, for example, 40 mm long, 25 mm wide, and 10 mm thick. The test piece 30 is made of granite, for example, when used in a test apparatus for measuring adsorption / desorption reaction with respect to granite of Sr2 + ions in an SrCl2 solution described later with reference to FIG. Of the surface of the test piece 30, the surface in contact with the gasket 20 is polished to be flat with, for example, # 2000 file. However, even if it is polished with a file or the like, irregularities remain on the surface.
[0015]
By applying an external force by superposing the three pieces of the base chip 10, the gasket 20, and the test piece 30, the gasket 20 is elastically deformed to follow the unevenness of the surface of the test piece 30 and closely contact the test piece 30. . Then, the slit 22 of the gasket 20, a part of the surface of the base chip 10, and a part of the surface of the test piece 30 form a flow path of a reaction vessel used for the solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus. As described above, a part of the test piece (granite) 30 which is a solid phase constitutes a part of the thin channel wall of the liquid.
[0016]
Next, the configuration of the solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts.
[0017]
The solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to this embodiment is an apparatus (microreactor) for measuring the reaction between a part of a substance contained in a test piece and a substance dissolved in the solution by contact between the test piece and a solution. Chip). In the illustrated example, this apparatus is a test apparatus that measures the adsorption / desorption reaction of granite, which is a test piece, and Sr2 + ions in the SrCl2 solution.
[0018]
As described with reference to FIG. 1, the reaction container RV is configured to be in close contact with each other by applying an external force by superposing the base chip 10, the gasket 20, and the test piece 30. A liquid supply pump 40 is connected to the inlet 12 of the base chip 10. A divided sampler 50 is connected to the outlet 14 of the base chip 10.
[0019]
The SrCl 2 solution sent by the liquid supply pump 40 is supplied to the flow path / reaction tank RP through the fluid inlet 12. As described above, the flow channel / reaction vessel RP is formed by the slit 22 of the gasket 20, a part of the surface of the base chip 10, and a part of the surface of the test piece 30. Here, the SrCl2 solution is discharged from the fluid outlet 14 by repeating the adsorption / desorption reaction with the granite as the test piece 30 while flowing through a thin flow path formed in the microreactor. The discharged liquid is sampled over time by the divided sampling device 50. A breakthrough curve of granite and Sr is obtained by measuring the concentration change of 85Sr in the sampled liquid.
[0020]
In the above description, the depth of the reaction channel (that is, the thickness of the gasket 20) is 160 μm, but this depth depends on the property of the test object (for example, effective diffusion coefficient, Sr2 + ion for granite, etc. And the solid-liquid reaction of interest (granite and Sr). The depth of the channel is, for example, about 50 to 200 μm. Moreover, the length of a flow path is about 20-60 mm, for example.
[0021]
As the test piece 30, granite is exemplified, but in addition, for example, solidified cement, sandstone, slate, and the like can be used.
[0022]
As the reaction solution, in addition to the SrCl2 solution, NiCl2 or CsCl can also be used.
[0023]
As a material of the gasket 20, as a material having elasticity, in addition to polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (Young's modulus: 408 MPa), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP) (Young's modulus: 357 MPa), Tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer (ETFE) (Young's modulus: 857 MPa), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) (Young's modulus: 1071-2141 MPa), chlorotrifluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer (ECTFE) (Young's modulus) : 1714 MPa), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) (Young's modulus: 857 MPa), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), tetrafluoroethylene perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), etc. Phenolic resins such as cresol and alkylphenol (Young's modulus: 20700-22700 MPa), amino resins such as melamine resin and urea resin (Young's modulus: 6860-13700 MPa), alkyd resins (Young's modulus: 13780-17230 MPa), A polyester resin (Young's modulus: 10340-17230 MPa), a styrene resin (Young's modulus: 2270-2760 MPa), a polycarbonate resin (Young's modulus: 2140-2380 MPa), or a polyether resin (Young's modulus: 2570 MPa) may be used. it can. Also, synthetic resins such as furan resin, epoxy resin, polyolefin resin, acrylic resin, vinyl chloride resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, silicone resin, cellulose resin, urethane resin, xylene resin, heat resistant resin, fluoro rubber, silicone Rubber such as rubber can also be used.
[0024]
When the test piece 30 is a brittle material such as sandstone or slate, the external pressure applied to form the reaction vessel cannot be increased. Therefore, when the surface of the test piece has large irregularities, the material of the gasket 20 is as described above. Of these materials, it is necessary to select a soft material (having a large Young's modulus).
[0025]
Further, as the material of the gasket 20, a material having no adsorptivity with the radionuclide in the reaction solution is selected. When the reaction solution is SrCl2, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or other suitable material is used.
[0026]
As the material of the base chip 10, a material having the same or lower Young's modulus as that of the gasket 20 (the same hardness as the gasket 20 or a harder material) is selected. This is because when an external force is applied to the laminated body of the base chip 10, the gasket 20, and the test piece 30, the gasket 20 is deformed and is brought into close contact with the surface of the test piece 30. Specifically, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer (ETFE), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), chlorotri Fluororesin such as fluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer (ECTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), tetrafluoroethylene perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), cresol, alkylphenol, etc. Phenolic resins, amino resins such as melamine resins and urea resins, alkyd resins, polyester resins, styrene resins, polycarbonate resins, and polyether resins can be used. Also, synthetic resins such as furan resin, epoxy resin, polyolefin resin, acrylic resin, vinyl chloride resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, silicone resin, cellulose resin, urethane resin, xylene resin, heat resistant resin, fluoro rubber, silicone Rubber such as rubber can also be used.
[0027]
Next, the reaction vessel fixing device used in the solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing the configuration of the reaction vessel fixing device used in the solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a side view showing the configuration of the reaction vessel fixing device used in the solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. The same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts.
[0028]
On the clamp support base 60, the base chip 10, the gasket 20, and the test piece 30 are set in a laminated state. Further, the metal plate 70 is placed on the test piece 30. In this state, the metal plate 70 is pressed by tightening the screw 65, and the laminate of the base chip 10, the gasket 20, and the test piece 30 is also pressed. By this pressurization, the gasket 20 which is an elastic body is deformed, and the test piece 30 and the gasket 20 are brought into close contact with each other regardless of the unevenness of the surface of the test piece 30, thereby preventing liquid leakage.
[0029]
The test piece 30 can be uniformly pressed by ensuring parallelism between the surface in contact with the gasket 20 and the opposite surface (the surface in contact with the metal plate 70).
[0030]
Further, the flow path of the reaction vessel is formed at a portion where the slit of the gasket 20 and the test piece 30 are in contact with each other. Therefore, the positional relationship between the test piece 30 and the gasket 20 can be easily determined because the flow path of the reaction vessel can be formed only by positioning.
[0031]
Next, another fixing device for the reaction vessel used in the solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 5 is a front view showing the configuration of another fixing device of the reaction vessel used in the solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a side view showing the configuration of another fixing device of the reaction vessel used in the solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. 3 and 4 indicate the same parts.
[0032]
In this example, a hydraulic clamp table is used instead of a screw clamp table. The hydraulic clamp base includes a clamp support base 60A, an extendable cylinder 60B, a clamper 60C, and a clamp portion 60D integrated with the clamper 60C.
[0033]
The base chip 10, the gasket 20, and the test piece 30 are set in a stacked state on the clamp support base 60A. Further, the metal plate 70 is placed on the test piece 30. In this state, by operating the hydraulic clamp, the cylinder 60B is contracted, the metal plate 70 is pressurized by the clamp portion 60D, and the laminate of the base chip 10, the gasket 20, and the test piece 30 is also pressurized. . By this pressurization, the gasket 20 which is an elastic body is deformed, and the test piece 30 and the gasket 20 are brought into close contact with each other regardless of the unevenness of the surface of the test piece 30, thereby preventing liquid leakage.
[0034]
As described above, according to this embodiment, the sealing property of the reaction channel is improved by using a gasket having elasticity and having a slit that forms a part of the reaction channel.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the liquid leak from the flow path in a solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus can be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a configuration of a reaction vessel used in a solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing a configuration of a reaction vessel fixing device used in a solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing a configuration of a reaction vessel fixing device used in a solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a front view showing the configuration of another fixing device of the reaction vessel used in the solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a side view showing the configuration of another fixing device of the reaction vessel used in the solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Base chip 12 ... Inlet 14 ... Outlet 20 ... Gasket 22 ... Slit 30 ... Test piece 40 ... Liquid supply pump 50 ... Divided sampling device RP ... Flow path RV ... Reaction container

Claims (2)

A base on which the inlet and outlet of the reaction solution are formed;
It has elasticity, is thinner than the base, and comprises a gasket having a slit in the center,
The substrate, the gasket, and a solid test piece formed on the surface of a solid phase that causes an interfacial reaction with the liquid phase of the reaction solution are laminated, and the substrate, the gasket, and the test piece are adhered to each other by applying external pressure. And forming a reaction channel by the solid phase in contact with the slit of the gasket and the opening of the slit,
A solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus, wherein a reaction solution is introduced from the inlet and a reaction solution having passed through a reaction channel is caused to flow out from the outlet. In the solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus according to claim 1,
A solid-liquid interface reaction microreaction apparatus, wherein the base has a hardness equal to or higher than that of the gasket.

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