JP2004350598A - Earmark for pig, and method for identifying livestock - Google Patents

Earmark for pig, and method for identifying livestock Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004350598A
JP2004350598A JP2003153282A JP2003153282A JP2004350598A JP 2004350598 A JP2004350598 A JP 2004350598A JP 2003153282 A JP2003153282 A JP 2003153282A JP 2003153282 A JP2003153282 A JP 2003153282A JP 2004350598 A JP2004350598 A JP 2004350598A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
ear
pig
ear tag
synthetic resin
livestock
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JP2003153282A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yasuhiko Suzuki
安彦 鈴木
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Yoshimoto Pole Co Ltd
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Yoshimoto Pole Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to JP2003153282A priority Critical patent/JP2004350598A/en
Priority to CN 200310123244 priority patent/CN1572138A/en
Publication of JP2004350598A publication Critical patent/JP2004350598A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an earmark for a pig, providing high safety to a feeder, or the like, and giving little load on the ear of the pig; and to provide a new method for identifying the pig by using the earmark. <P>SOLUTION: The earmark for the pig is at least constituted of a first member A (a male member) having a flat flange part 3, and a shaft part 2 protruded from the flange part 3 and having a conical cusp part 1 formed at the tip position so as not to be separated, a second member B (a female member) having a hole part 4 to which the shaft part 2 passing through the ear of the livestock is attached, and a flat plate part 5 for nipping the ear by facing to the flange part 3 in an inserted state. The first member A is formed out of a flexible synthetic resin. The method for identifying the livestock comprises using the earmark for the pig, coloring each of the first member A and the second member B, and utilizing the combination of the colors for the identification of the livestock. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、出産後わずか6〜8ヶ月経過した段階で出荷される食肉用豚の耳標(イヤータッグ)と、該耳標を用いた家畜個体識別方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
現在、畜産業界においては、牛、羊などの家畜、とりわけ食肉用家畜のいわゆるトレーサビリティを目的とする出所判定や個体識別あるいは個体管理に用いられる「耳標」(あるいは「イヤータッグ」)と称される耳取り付け用の金属製又は合成樹脂製の標識具が普及している。特に、乳牛、肉牛、羊において耳標が普及している。
【0003】
この耳標は、耳に孔が開き易くするために、鋭利に尖っている先端部(以下、「尖頭部」という。)が形成された棒状又は柱状の軸部を有する雄部材と、耳を貫通してきた前記軸部が挿着される孔が設けられた雌部材から構成されているものが多い。この種の耳標は、家畜個体毎に、所定の装着具を用いて家畜の耳に抜落しないように取り付けられる。
【0004】
ここで、特許文献1や特許文献2には、耳標を装着した豚を取り扱う作業者が、作業中に雄部材の鋭利な先端部に引っ掛かる等して怪我等をしないように、前記雄部材を構成する軸部の前記尖頭部が分離可能に工夫された耳標が開示されている。
【0005】
また、特許文献3には、略円錐形状の尖鋭体(前記「尖頭部」に相当)が分離可能に嵌着されており、その芯杆(前記「軸部」に相当)及び台座部は硬質合成樹脂材から形成されて、鍔状のフランジ部のみが可撓性を有する軟質合成樹脂材から形成された雄部材と、この雄部材の芯杆が遊嵌される軟質合成樹脂製の雌部材とからなる家畜用耳標が開示されている。この耳標では、フランジ部に柔軟性があるため、耳標が畜舎等に引っ掛かる等して外力が加わったときでも、家畜の耳に負担が少ない。
【0006】
【特許文献1】
特開昭60−207534号報(請求項1等参照)。
【特許文献2】
特開平5−30874号報(請求項1等参照)。
【特許文献3】
特開平8−322415号報(請求項1等参照)。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、従来の技術には、以下のような解決すべき課題があった。
【0008】
一般的に、豚は、比較的狭いスペースで、複数頭を一緒に育てる。特に、母豚と子豚(10頭前後)は、子豚がある程度大きくなるまで、同じスペース(同じ豚舎の同じ柵の中)で飼育される場合が多い。子豚は、その狭い柵内で、他の子豚とぶつかったり、じゃれあったりする習性があり、また、子豚が、柵内を動き回り、耳の部分が、壁や支柱等に引っ掛かることも多い。そのため、耳標の雄部材の尖頭部が軸部から分離可能になっていると、その尖頭部がとれて、豚舎の床に落ちてしまう場合があった。尖頭部は、先端が鋭利に尖っているため、尖頭部が豚舎の床に落ちていると、飼育者が怪我をしたり、同じ柵内で飼育されている他の豚が傷を負ったりする危険性があった。
【0009】
また、豚舎の床にあった糞尿は集められて、乾燥化、堆肥化、活性汚泥処理等の処理が行われるので、雄部材の尖頭部が集められた糞尿に混入して、糞尿とともに処理工程に入ってしまうと、尖頭部が処理工程で用いる機械に傷をつけたり、機械の機能が劣化したりするという問題があった。そして、上記の工程を経て再処理された堆肥中に雄部材の尖頭部が混入し、その堆肥を用いる酪農家、農家等の作業者の安全性を損なっていた。
【0010】
その他、雄部材の尖頭部を分離可能にすると、耳標を一体成形することができないという問題もあった。例えば、前記特許文献3の耳標の場合、雄部材は、尖鋭体、芯杆と台座部、フランジ部の三箇所に分けて製造しなければならない。このように従来は、雄部材を一体成形することができなかったため、安価で大量に製造することが困難であった。
【0011】
また、特許文献3に記載された耳標の雄部材は、鍔状のフランジ部のみが、可撓性のある軟質合成樹脂部材から形成されていたが、軸部は、硬質合成樹脂材等のままだった。そのため、耳標が畜舎などに引っ掛かる等して外力が加わった際には、軸部に柔軟性がないため家畜の耳にかかる負担が大きくなるので、耳が柔らかくて薄い豚の耳標としては不向きであった。
【0012】
さらに、豚は成育が早いため、耳標を用いて豚の個体識別等を行う場合には、必然的に子豚のうちに耳標を装着する必要がある。子豚は耳が柔らかく薄いため、耳の部分が壁等に引っ掛かったり、他の子豚と接触したりした際に、簡単に耳がちぎれたりして、耳標が簡単に外れたりしてしまう。そのため、豚に用いる耳標は、他の家畜のものよりも耳にやさしいもので、また、柔らかく薄い耳にも確実に固定されるものである必要がある。
【0013】
また、子豚の耳は小さいことから、耳標も必然的に小さくなる。このため、耳標に固体識別用の文字、数字等を印字しただけでは、見難くなって識別し難くなるという問題がある。従って、豚用の耳標としては、小さな耳標であっても、一目見ただけで、基礎的な識別情報を得られるものが望ましい。
【0014】
そこで、本発明は、豚の耳への負担が少ない豚専用の耳標を提供すること、また、小さい耳標でも固体識別が容易な豚の固体識別方法を提供することを主な目的とする。
【0015】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記した技術的課題を解決するために、本発明では、次の手段を採用する。
【0016】
まず、平板状の鍔部と、該鍔部から突出し、その先端部位に円錐状の尖頭部が分離不能に設けられた軸部と、を少なくとも備える第1部材(雄部材)と、家畜の耳を貫通した軸部が挿着される孔部と、挿着状態で鍔部と対面して耳を挟持する平板部と、を少なくとも備える第2部材(雌部材)と、から構成され、第1部材が可撓性の合成樹脂で形成された豚用耳標を提供する。
【0017】
この豚用耳標の一つの特徴は、第1部材の尖頭部と軸部が分離不能となっていることである。例えば、尖頭部と軸部を一体樹脂成形することによって互いに分離不能とすることが可能であるし、あるいは豚用耳標の第1部材の尖頭部の先端を硬質合成樹脂により別体で成形しておき、これを軟質合成樹脂で成形された軸部に圧着、嵌着、溶着、接着等することによって互いに分離不能とすることができる。なお、尖頭部と軸部を一体樹脂成形を一体成形すれば、豚用耳標を安価で大量に製造することができる。
【0018】
尖頭部と軸部を分離不能としたことによって、鋭利な尖頭部が豚舎の柵内に落ちて、豚や飼育者が作業中に怪我をする等の危険性を排除できるし、糞尿に尖頭部が混入してしまうことがなくなるという利点がある。また、家畜の糞尿に尖頭部が混じってしまうと、糞尿の処理工程等に用いられる機械を損傷させる等の問題も発生し得る。また、家畜の糞尿は、処理工程の後に堆肥等として再利用されることが多いので、堆肥中に尖頭部が混入し、そのまま畑地等に散布されてしまうという問題も考えられる。したがって、第1部材の尖頭部と軸部を分離不能した構成の耳標を採用すれば、このような問題を一挙に解決できる。
【0019】
また、この豚用耳標を豚の耳に装着した際に、第1部材の尖頭部が、第2部材の孔部から上方へ突出しないようにすることによって、鋭利な尖頭部がむき出しにならないようにした。これにより、飼育者の日常の飼育作業や獣医師によるワクチン接種作業等を安全に行うことができ、また、同じ豚舎の同じ柵に入っている他の豚が、第1部材の鋭利な尖頭部に接触して傷つく危険性も無くなった。
【0020】
本発明に係る耳標の第1部材は、可撓性の合成樹脂で形成される。すなわち、鍔部だけでなく軸部も可撓性の柔軟な合成樹脂で形成されるため、耳標全体の柔軟性が向上する。そのため、耳標が畜舎に引っ掛かる等して外力が加わったときでも、柔らかくて薄い豚の耳に負担がかかりにくくなり、耳に損傷を与えない。
【0021】
そして、前記第1部材に加え、第2部材も可撓性の合成樹脂で形成することができる。この結果、第1部材の鍔部に加え、第2部材の平板部も柔軟性を持つ。鍔部と平板部が両方とも柔軟性を持つため、かかる耳標は耳に密着した状態で確実に固定され、ぐらついて耳を傷つけたりしなくなる。
【0022】
この豚用耳標では、鍔部と平板部に、固体識別用の印字を施すことができる。豚用耳標に印字することができる情報としては、固体識別番号、生産地、生産者(企業名)や農場名、個体群の管理番号等がある。例えば、個体群の管理番号を印字することにより、農場のデータベースに入力された詳細な記録情報を簡単に入手できる。詳細な記録情報としては、対象豚の、親(系統)、生年月日、飼育状態(与えたエサの種類や体重の変化等)等がある。
【0023】
次に、前記の豚用耳標を用いて、第1部材と第2部材をそれぞれ有色化し、その色の組み合わせを家畜固体の識別に利用する家畜固体識別方法を提供することができる。これにより、耳標が小さい場合でも、一目見ただけで、基礎的な識別情報を得ることができる。例えば、第1部材と第2部材の色の単純な組み合わせにより、豚の産地を表示することができる。そのほかに、耳標に、識別番号等を印字することにより、具体的な情報も標識することができる。
【0024】
ここで、この家畜固体識別方法に用いる耳標の第1部材と第2部材は、有色合成樹脂で形成することができる。製造した豚用耳標に各色を塗布するのではなく、あらかじめ、有色合成樹脂を用いて製造することにより、色が落ちる心配がなくなり、製造工程も少なくすることができる。
【0025】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の好適な実施形態の例を、添付図面に基づいて説明する。なお、本発明は、以下の実施形態に狭く限定されない。
【0026】
図1は、本発明の豚用耳標の第1部材Aの外観斜視図、図2は、第1部材Aの底面の平面図である。まず、第1部材Aは、先の尖った形状を備える略円錐形の尖頭部1と、該尖頭部1を支持する軸部2と、該軸部2の下端に広がる円板状の鍔部3と、によって構成されている。
【0027】
尖頭部1は、前記軸部2と分離不能に構成されている。尖頭部1は、耳標を豚の耳に装着する際に、耳に孔を開け、耳を貫通する機能を持つ。
【0028】
軸部2は、上方の尖頭部1に向けて徐々にやや口径が細くなる円柱形状を有している。また、軸部2は、内部中空になっているため、この点において、適度に撓みやすくなっている。軸部2の高さは、豚の耳の厚さ等を考慮して決める。
【0029】
豚用の耳標は、子豚又は、子豚舎から肥育舎に移す段階で装着する。子豚舎では、同週齢の子豚を、一つの大きな個体群として、一緒に飼育する。肥育舎に移された後は、肉豚として出荷されるまで、比較的狭いスペースで、同じ個体群の豚を一緒に飼育する。同じ豚舎内では、強い豚が、弱い豚の耳に装着した耳標を、噛んで外してしまったり、食いちぎったりする場合がある。また、狭い豚舎内で動き回ることにより、耳の部分が柵やエサ箱等に引っかかる危険性もある。
【0030】
従って、耳標は、耳に密着して固定されることが望ましい。そのため、軸部2の高さは、この点も充分に考慮して決めることが望ましい。具体的には、耳標装着時(子豚)の耳の厚さに合うように、軸部2の高さを決めればよい。耳標を装着する時の寸法にしておけば、その後の肥育段階では、耳はより厚くなるため、耳に密着して装着された状態になる。このように、密着状態で装着されていれば、強い豚が耳標を食いちぎったり、耳標が豚舎の柵等に引っ掛かったりすることを有効に防止できる。
【0031】
鍔部3は、薄板状のフランジである。鍔部3の形状は、円板状に限られず、どのような形でもよい。鍔部3の表面31は、耳標装着時に豚の耳と接する面となる。鍔部3の裏面32には、識別番号等を印字するのに用いることができる。鍔部3は、軸部2と一体成形された可撓性の合成樹脂からなるため、適度に撓み、柔軟性を有する。この構成により、耳標に外力が加わった場合でも、豚の耳への負担を低減できる。
【0032】
その他、第1部材Aの底面(鍔部の裏面32)の中央部には、孔21が開口している(図2参照)。この孔21は、軸部2の中空部に相当する。この孔21は、耳標を豚の耳に装着する際に用いる「鉗子」に設置する場合などに利用される。
【0033】
図3は、第1部材Aの一実施形態の断面図である。図3に示された第1部材Aの場合は、尖頭部1の先端部11が、硬質合成樹脂で形成されている。この硬質合成樹脂部13は、軟質合成樹脂で形成された軸部2等よりも硬く強度があるので、耳標をよりスムーズに豚の耳を貫通させることができる。
【0034】
この第1部材Aの製法は、まず、硬質合成樹脂部13を別体で製造しておき、第1部材Aを軟質合成樹脂で成形する際などに、硬質合成樹脂部13を圧着、嵌着、溶着又は接着等することによって軸部2と一体化する。このように製造することにより、硬質合成樹脂部13は、尖頭部1の軟質合成樹脂部分に埋め込まれた状態となり、分離不能となる。なお、本発明は、尖頭部1が、軸部2と分離不能になっていれば、この実施形態に限定されない。
【0035】
なお、第1部材Aは、可撓性の合成樹脂を一体成形したものである。例えば、ポリプロピレン、塩化ビニール、ポリエチレン、ポリウレタン、ゴムなどの材料を採用できる。第1部材Aを一体成形した場合でも、尖頭部1、軸部2、鍔部3の厚さや形状がそれぞれ異なるため、尖頭部1は比較的硬く、軸部2は適度に撓んで曲がったりでき、鍔部3は、柔軟性に富んだ構成となる。第1部材Aは、有色合成樹脂を用いて一体成形することができる。
【0036】
図4は、第2部材Bの外観斜視図、図5は、第2部材の底面の平面図である。まず、第2部材Bは、上方に突起する円筒状の孔部4と、該孔部4の下端に広がる円盤状の平板部5、孔部4の下端に設けられた台座状の段差部6と、を備える。
【0037】
孔部4は、内部中空である。孔部4の内筒部41は、耳標装着時に、第1部材Aの尖頭部1が挿着されてくる場所である。孔部4の円柱の高さは特に限定されないが、耳標を豚の耳Eに装着した場合に、尖頭部1の先端11が孔部4から突き出ない程度の高さを確保することが望ましい。これにより、鋭利な尖頭部1がむき出しにならないため、飼育者の日常の飼育作業や獣医師によるワクチン接種作業等を安全に行うことができ、また、同じ豚舎の同じ柵に入っている他の豚が、尖頭部1に接触して傷つく危険性も無くなる。
【0038】
薄板状の平板部5は、耳標装着時に、第1部材の鍔部3と対面する部分であって、平面部5の表面51は、耳標装着時に、豚の耳と接する。第1部材Aの鍔部3の表面31と第2部材Bの平板部5の裏面52が対面し、豚の耳を挟持する。平面部5の裏面52には、識別番号等を印字することができる。平板部5も、鍔部3と同様、適度に撓み、柔軟性を持たせることができる。このことにより、耳標に外力が加わった場合でも、豚の耳への負担を低減できる。
【0039】
段差部6は、図示しない「鉗子」の所定の装着部に第2部材を装着するための段差である。鉗子は、ペンチに似た器具で、耳標を豚の耳Eに取り付ける場合には、専用の鉗子を用いる。鉗子の一方の装着部には第1部材Aを、裏面の孔にはめ込むように設置し、もう一方の装着部には第2部材を、段差部6がきちんと嵌まるように設置する。そして、鉗子を、力を入れて閉じることにより、耳標が、豚の耳に装着される。従って、段差部6の形状、態様は、耳標の装着に用いる鉗子の第2部材Bを設置する部分の寸法、形状に合わせる。
【0040】
第2部材Bの底面(平板部5の裏面52)の中央部には、孔部4が開口する(図5)。すなわち、孔部4は中空であって、第2部材Bの裏面52に開口している。耳標を装着する際には、第1部材Aの尖頭部1を孔部4に裏面52側から押し込むようにする。
【0041】
第2部材Bは、硬質の合成樹脂で形成することも可能であるが、好適には、第1部材Aと同様に、可撓性の合成樹脂で形成することが望ましい。第2部材Bを可撓性の合成樹脂で形成する場合は、第1部材Aと同様の前記材料を採用することができる。なお、第2部材Bは、有色合成樹脂を用いて一体成形することができる。
【0042】
図6は、符号Eで示された豚の耳に耳標を装着した状態を模式的に示した一部縦断面図である。この図6に示されているように、第1部材Aの鍔部3の表面31と第2部材Bの平板部5の裏面52は対面(対向)し、豚の耳Eを挟持する。第1部材Aの尖頭部1が、豚の耳Eを貫通して、第2部材Bの孔部4に挿着されている。第2部材Bの孔部4の内筒部41の下端部分には、符号42で示す係止部が設けられている。この係止部42は、孔部4の内筒部41の直径よりも小さい口径に形成され、段差をなしている。
【0043】
第1部材Aの尖頭部1の底面部12の直径は、第2部材Bの係止部42の内筒部の直径よりも大きく、孔部4の中空の内筒部41の直径よりもやや小さい。なお、第1部材Aの尖頭部1の底面部12の直径は、第2部材Bの係止部42の内筒部の直径よりも大きいが、尖頭部1は略円錐台形状を有するので、下方側から強い力を加えると、係止部42(の内筒部)を貫通し、孔部4の内筒部41に入り込むことができる。一旦、第1部材Aの尖頭部1が内筒部41に入り込むと、尖頭部1の底面部12が、第2部材Bの係止部42に引っ掛かって、引き抜くことができなくなる。
【0044】
耳標を豚の耳Eに装着する際には、耳標が耳Eに確実に固定されることが望ましい。従って、第1部材Aの軸部2の長さと、第2部材Bの係止部42部分の高さ(厚み)は、豚の耳Eの厚さを考慮し、相対的に適宜寸法を決める。また、係止部42が高すぎたり、孔部4の高さが低すぎたりすると、第1部材Aの尖頭部1の鋭利な先端部11が、孔部4から上方に突出してしまうので、危険である。
【0045】
図7は、耳標を豚の耳Eに装着した状態を示す模式図である。第1部材Aと第2部材Bをそれぞれ別の色に着色することによって、豚の個体識別等に利用することができる。
【0046】
例えば、第1部材Aを七色、第2部材Bを七色用いることにより、49通りの色の組み合わせが可能になる。このため、豚の産地(例えば都道府県名)ごとに色の組み合わせを決めておくことにより、豚の産地に関する情報の概略を、一見しただけで知ることが可能になる。
【0047】
また、第1部材Aの色で、関東地方、九州地方等といった大まかな産地(地方)を表示し、第2部材Bの色で、その地方の中の具体的な産地(都道府県名)を表示するといった識別方法を用いてもよい。その他、それぞれの飼育農場ごとに、どの親から生まれたか、どの畜舎の豚か、いつ生まれたか等、目的に応じて、組み合わせを決め、各種情報を文字や記号等を、鍔部3や平板部5などに印字し、表示することもできる。
【0048】
【発明の効果】
本発明によって奏される主な効果は、以下のとおりである。
【0049】
豚用耳標の第1部材の尖頭部と軸部を分離不能とすることにより、尖頭部が畜舎の床に落ちてしまうということがなくなるので、耳標の安全性を高めることができる。また、鍔部だけでなく、軸部も可撓性合成樹脂にすることによって、耳標の柔軟性が増し、耳標に外力が加わった際に、豚の耳に加わる負担を軽減できる。また、耳標の第1部材を一体成形すれば、耳標を安価で大量に製造することができるようになる。
【0050】
豚用耳標を豚の耳に装着した際に、第1部材の尖頭部の先端が、第2部材の孔部の上端よりも突出しないようにしたことにより、鋭利な尖頭部がむき出しにならないため、飼育者の日常の飼育作業や獣医によるワクチン接種作業等を安全に行うことができる。また、同じ豚舎の同じ柵に入っている他の豚が、尖頭部に接触して傷つく危険性も無くなる。
【0051】
耳標の第1部材と第2部材をそれぞれ有色化して、色の組み合わせを決めておくことにより、耳標を装着した個体に関する一定の情報を、一見しただけで得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る耳標の第1部材(A)の外観斜視図
【図2】同第1部材(A)の鍔部(3)を裏面側から見たときの平面図
【図3】同第1部材(A)の一実施形態を示す側方視断面図
【図4】本発明に係る耳標の第2部材(B)の外観斜視図
【図5】同第2部材(B)の平板部5を裏面側から見たときの平面図
【図6】耳標を豚の耳(E)に装着時の様子を模式的に示す一部断面図
【図7】耳標を豚の耳(E)に装着した時の様子を示す外観模式図
【符号の説明】
1 尖頭部
2 軸部
3 鍔部
4 孔部
5 平板部
6 段差部
42 係止部
A 第1部材
B 第2部材
E 豚の耳
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an ear tag (ear tag) of a pork for meat shipped only 6 to 8 months after childbirth, and a method for identifying livestock individuals using the ear tag.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Currently, in the livestock industry, it is called "ear tags" (or "ear tags") used for source determination, individual identification, or individual management for so-called traceability of livestock such as cattle and sheep, especially meat livestock. 2. Description of the Related Art Marks made of metal or synthetic resin for attaching ears have become widespread. In particular, ear tags are widely used in dairy cows, beef cattle, and sheep.
[0003]
The ear tag has a male member having a rod-shaped or column-shaped shaft formed with a sharply pointed tip (hereinafter, referred to as a “pointed head”) so that a hole is easily opened in the ear, and an ear. Many are constituted by a female member provided with a hole through which the shaft portion is inserted. This type of ear tag is attached to each livestock individual using a predetermined wearing device so as not to drop into the ears of the livestock.
[0004]
Here, Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 disclose that the male member handling the pig wearing the ear tag does not injure the male member by being caught on the sharp tip of the male member during the operation. There is disclosed an ear tag in which the pointed head of the shaft part constituting the earpiece is designed to be separable.
[0005]
Further, in Patent Document 3, a sharp body having a substantially conical shape (corresponding to the “pointed head”) is separably fitted, and its core rod (corresponding to the “shaft”) and a pedestal portion are provided. A male member formed of a hard synthetic resin material, and only a flange-shaped flange portion is formed of a flexible synthetic resin material having flexibility, and a female member of a soft synthetic resin into which a core rod of the male member is loosely fitted. A livestock ear tag comprising a member is disclosed. In this ear tag, since the flange portion is flexible, even when external force is applied to the ear tag, such as when the ear tag is caught in a barn or the like, the ear of the livestock is less burdensome.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-60-207534 (see claim 1).
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-5-30874 (see claim 1).
[Patent Document 3]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-322415 (refer to claim 1).
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional technology has the following problems to be solved.
[0008]
Generally, pigs are raised together in a relatively small space. In particular, mother pigs and piglets (around 10 pigs) are often kept in the same space (in the same fence in the same piggery) until the piglets become somewhat large. The piglet has a habit of hitting or flicking with other piglets in the narrow fence, and the piglet can move around the fence, and the ears can be caught on the wall or pole. Many. Therefore, if the pointed head of the male member of the ear tag is separable from the shaft, the pointed head may come off and fall on the floor of the piggery. The pointed tip is so sharp that if the pointed tip falls on the floor of a pig house, the breeder may be injured or other pigs kept within the same fence may be injured. Or there was a danger.
[0009]
In addition, the manure on the floor of the piggery is collected and dried, composted, activated sludge treatment, etc., so the male heads are mixed with the collected manure and processed together with manure. When entering the process, there is a problem that the pointed head damages the machine used in the processing process or the function of the machine is deteriorated. In addition, the spikes of the male members are mixed in the compost reprocessed through the above process, and the safety of workers such as dairy farmers and farmers using the compost is impaired.
[0010]
In addition, there is another problem that if the pointed head of the male member is made separable, the ear tag cannot be integrally formed. For example, in the case of the ear tag described in Patent Document 3, the male member must be manufactured separately at three points: a sharp body, a core rod, a pedestal portion, and a flange portion. As described above, conventionally, since the male member could not be integrally formed, it was difficult to manufacture it inexpensively and in large quantities.
[0011]
Further, in the male member of the ear tag described in Patent Document 3, only the flange-shaped flange portion is formed of a flexible soft synthetic resin member, but the shaft portion is formed of a hard synthetic resin material or the like. I was right. Therefore, when an external force is applied, such as when the ear tag is caught in a barn, etc., the shaft part is inflexible and the burden on the ear of the livestock increases, so the ear tag of a soft and thin pig is It was not suitable.
[0012]
Furthermore, since pigs grow fast, it is necessary to wear ear tags in piglets when individual identification of pigs is performed using ear tags. Because piglets have soft and thin ears, their ears are easily torn off when ears are caught on a wall or in contact with other piglets, and the ear tags are easily removed. . For this reason, ear tags used for pigs must be easier on the ears than those of other domestic animals, and must be firmly fixed to soft and thin ears.
[0013]
Also, the ears of the piglets are small, so the ear tags are necessarily small. For this reason, there is a problem in that it is difficult to see and distinguish by simply printing characters, numerals, and the like for individual identification on the ear tag. Therefore, it is desirable that the earmarker for pigs can obtain basic identification information at a glance even if it is a small earmarker.
[0014]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a dedicated ear tag for pigs that places little burden on the ears of pigs, and a main object of the present invention is to provide a method for individual identification of pigs in which individual identification is easy even with a small ear tag. .
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention employs the following solutions.
[0016]
First, a first member (male member) including at least a flat-plate-shaped flange portion, a shaft portion protruding from the flange portion and having a conical pointed head inseparably provided at a distal end thereof, and a livestock animal. A second member (female member) including at least a hole portion into which the shaft portion penetrating through the ear is inserted, and a flat plate portion facing the flange portion in the inserted state and holding the ear; A pig ear tag in which one member is formed of a flexible synthetic resin is provided.
[0017]
One feature of this pig ear tag is that the pointed head and the shaft of the first member are inseparable. For example, it is possible to make the pointed head and the shaft part inseparable from each other by integrally molding the resin, or the pointed end of the pointed head of the first member of the pig ear tag can be made of a hard synthetic resin. It can be made inseparable from each other by press-fitting, fitting, welding, bonding, or the like to a shaft formed of a soft synthetic resin. In addition, if the pointed head and the shaft portion are integrally formed by integral resin molding, the ear tag for pigs can be mass-produced at low cost.
[0018]
By making the tip and shaft inseparable, the sharp tip falls into the fence of the piggery, eliminating the risk of injury to pigs and breeders during work, There is an advantage that a cusp is not mixed. In addition, if the pointed head is mixed with the excrement of livestock, problems such as damage to a machine used in the excrement processing step or the like may occur. In addition, since livestock manure is often reused as compost or the like after the treatment process, there is also a problem that a pointed head is mixed in the compost and is sprayed as it is on a field or the like. Therefore, such a problem can be solved at once by employing an ear tag having a configuration in which the pointed head and the shaft of the first member cannot be separated.
[0019]
Also, when the pig ear tag is attached to the pig ear, the sharp point of the first member is prevented from protruding upward from the hole of the second member so that the sharp point is exposed. I tried not to become. As a result, the breeder's daily breeding work and veterinary vaccination work can be performed safely, and the other pigs on the same fence in the same piggery can use the sharp pointed tip of the first member. The danger of being injured by contacting the part has been eliminated.
[0020]
The first member of the ear tag according to the present invention is formed of a flexible synthetic resin. That is, since not only the flange portion but also the shaft portion are formed of a flexible synthetic resin, the flexibility of the entire ear tag is improved. For this reason, even when an external force is applied due to the ear tag being caught in the barn or the like, a load is not easily applied to the soft and thin pig's ear, and the ear is not damaged.
[0021]
Further, in addition to the first member, the second member can also be formed of a flexible synthetic resin. As a result, the flat portion of the second member has flexibility in addition to the flange portion of the first member. Since both the flange portion and the flat plate portion have flexibility, the ear tag is securely fixed in a state in which the ear tag is in close contact with the ear, and the ear tag does not wobble and damage the ear.
[0022]
In this pig ear tag, printing for solid identification can be performed on the flange portion and the flat plate portion. Information that can be printed on the pig ear tag includes a solid identification number, a production place, a producer (company name), a farm name, and a population management number. For example, by printing the management number of the population, detailed record information input to the farm database can be easily obtained. Detailed record information includes the parent (strain), date of birth, breeding condition (type of fed food, change in weight, etc.) of the target pig.
[0023]
Next, it is possible to provide a livestock solid identification method in which the first member and the second member are respectively colored using the pig ear tag and the combination of the colors is used for identification of the livestock solid. Thereby, even when the ear tag is small, basic identification information can be obtained at a glance. For example, the locality of the pig can be displayed by a simple combination of the colors of the first member and the second member. In addition, specific information can be marked by printing an identification number or the like on an ear tag.
[0024]
Here, the first member and the second member of the ear tag used in this livestock solid identification method can be formed of a colored synthetic resin. By manufacturing in advance using a colored synthetic resin instead of applying each color to the manufactured pig ear tag, there is no fear of the color dropping, and the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced.
[0025]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, examples of preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited narrowly to the following embodiment.
[0026]
FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of the first member A of the pig ear tag of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the bottom surface of the first member A. First, the first member A has a substantially conical point 1 having a pointed shape, a shaft 2 supporting the point 1, and a disk-shaped member extending at the lower end of the shaft 2. And a flange 3.
[0027]
The cusp 1 is inseparable from the shaft 2. The pointed head 1 has a function of making a hole in the ear and penetrating the ear when the ear tag is attached to the pig's ear.
[0028]
The shaft portion 2 has a columnar shape whose diameter gradually becomes smaller toward the upper pointed head 1. In addition, since the shaft portion 2 is hollow inside, the shaft portion 2 is easily flexed appropriately at this point. The height of the shaft 2 is determined in consideration of the thickness of the pig ears and the like.
[0029]
The ear tag for the pig is attached at the stage of transferring the piglet or the piglet to the fattening house. In piglets, piglets of the same age are kept together as one large population. After being transferred to the fattening house, pigs of the same population are raised together in a relatively small space until they are shipped as pork. In the same pig house, a strong pig may chew and remove or cut off an ear tag attached to a weak pig's ear. In addition, there is a risk that the ear portion may be caught on a fence, a food box, or the like by moving around in a narrow pig barn.
[0030]
Therefore, it is desirable that the ear tag is fixed in close contact with the ear. Therefore, it is desirable that the height of the shaft portion 2 be determined in consideration of this point. Specifically, the height of the shaft portion 2 may be determined so as to match the thickness of the ear when the ear tag is attached (the piglet). If the ear tag is set to the size at the time of wearing, the ear becomes thicker at the subsequent fattening stage, so that the ear is closely attached to the ear. In this manner, if the ear tag is worn in close contact, it is possible to effectively prevent a strong pig from cutting off the ear tag or catching the ear tag on a fence of a piggery.
[0031]
The flange 3 is a thin plate-shaped flange. The shape of the flange 3 is not limited to a disk shape, and may be any shape. The surface 31 of the flange 3 is a surface that comes into contact with the pig's ear when the ear tag is attached. The identification number and the like can be printed on the back surface 32 of the flange 3. Since the flange portion 3 is made of a flexible synthetic resin integrally formed with the shaft portion 2, the flange portion 3 is appropriately bent and has flexibility. With this configuration, even when an external force is applied to the ear tag, the burden on the pig's ear can be reduced.
[0032]
In addition, a hole 21 is opened at the center of the bottom surface (the back surface 32 of the flange portion) of the first member A (see FIG. 2). This hole 21 corresponds to a hollow portion of the shaft portion 2. The holes 21 are used, for example, when the ear tags are installed on “forceps” used when attaching ear tags to pig ears.
[0033]
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the first member A. In the case of the first member A shown in FIG. 3, the tip 11 of the pointed head 1 is formed of a hard synthetic resin. Since the hard synthetic resin portion 13 is harder and stronger than the shaft portion 2 and the like formed of a soft synthetic resin, it is possible to more smoothly penetrate the ear tag through the pig ear.
[0034]
In the method of manufacturing the first member A, first, the hard synthetic resin portion 13 is manufactured separately, and when the first member A is molded with a soft synthetic resin, the hard synthetic resin portion 13 is crimped and fitted. , Welding, bonding, or the like to integrate with the shaft portion 2. By manufacturing in this way, the hard synthetic resin portion 13 is embedded in the soft synthetic resin portion of the pointed head 1 and cannot be separated. The present invention is not limited to this embodiment as long as the pointed head 1 is inseparable from the shaft 2.
[0035]
The first member A is formed by integrally molding a flexible synthetic resin. For example, materials such as polypropylene, vinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyurethane, and rubber can be employed. Even when the first member A is integrally molded, the pointed head 1, the shaft portion 2, and the flange 3 have different thicknesses and shapes, so that the pointed head 1 is relatively hard, and the shaft portion 2 is appropriately bent and bent. The flange 3 has a flexible configuration. The first member A can be integrally molded using a colored synthetic resin.
[0036]
FIG. 4 is an external perspective view of the second member B, and FIG. 5 is a plan view of a bottom surface of the second member. First, the second member B includes a cylindrical hole 4 projecting upward, a disk-shaped flat plate 5 extending at the lower end of the hole 4, and a pedestal-shaped step 6 provided at the lower end of the hole 4. And.
[0037]
The hole 4 is hollow inside. The inner cylindrical portion 41 of the hole 4 is a place where the pointed head 1 of the first member A is inserted when the ear tag is attached. The height of the cylinder of the hole 4 is not particularly limited, but when the ear tag is attached to the pig's ear E, it is possible to secure a height such that the tip 11 of the pointed head 1 does not protrude from the hole 4. desirable. As a result, the sharp pointed head 1 is not exposed, so that the breeder's daily breeding work and vaccination work by a veterinarian can be performed safely. There is no danger of the pig being injured by contacting the pointed head 1.
[0038]
The thin plate portion 5 is a portion facing the flange portion 3 of the first member when the ear tag is attached, and the surface 51 of the flat portion 5 contacts the pig ear when the ear tag is attached. The front surface 31 of the flange portion 3 of the first member A and the back surface 52 of the flat plate portion 5 of the second member B face each other and hold the pig's ear. An identification number or the like can be printed on the back surface 52 of the flat portion 5. The flat plate part 5 can also bend appropriately and have flexibility similarly to the flange part 3. As a result, even when an external force is applied to the ear tag, the burden on the ear of the pig can be reduced.
[0039]
The step portion 6 is a step for mounting the second member on a predetermined mounting portion of “forceps” (not shown). The forceps are instruments similar to pliers, and when attaching the ear tag to the pig's ear E, a dedicated forceps is used. The first member A is installed in one of the mounting portions of the forceps so as to fit into the hole on the back surface, and the second member is installed in the other mounting portion so that the step portion 6 fits properly. The forceps are then closed with force, so that the ear tag is attached to the pig's ear. Therefore, the shape and mode of the step portion 6 are adjusted to the size and shape of the portion where the second member B of the forceps used for mounting the ear tag is installed.
[0040]
The hole 4 is opened at the center of the bottom surface of the second member B (the back surface 52 of the flat plate portion 5) (FIG. 5). That is, the hole 4 is hollow and opens on the back surface 52 of the second member B. When attaching the ear tag, the pointed head 1 of the first member A is pressed into the hole 4 from the back surface 52 side.
[0041]
The second member B can be formed of a hard synthetic resin, but is preferably formed of a flexible synthetic resin similarly to the first member A. When the second member B is formed of a flexible synthetic resin, the same material as that of the first member A can be used. The second member B can be integrally formed using a colored synthetic resin.
[0042]
FIG. 6 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing a state in which an ear tag is attached to the ear of a pig indicated by reference symbol E. As shown in FIG. 6, the front surface 31 of the flange 3 of the first member A and the back surface 52 of the flat plate portion 5 of the second member B face (oppose) each other, and hold the ear E of the pig. The pointed head 1 of the first member A penetrates the pig's ear E and is inserted into the hole 4 of the second member B. At the lower end portion of the inner cylindrical portion 41 of the hole 4 of the second member B, a locking portion indicated by reference numeral 42 is provided. The locking portion 42 is formed to have a smaller diameter than the diameter of the inner cylindrical portion 41 of the hole 4 and forms a step.
[0043]
The diameter of the bottom surface portion 12 of the pointed head 1 of the first member A is larger than the diameter of the inner cylinder portion of the locking portion 42 of the second member B, and is larger than the diameter of the hollow inner cylinder portion 41 of the hole 4. Somewhat small. The diameter of the bottom portion 12 of the pointed head 1 of the first member A is larger than the diameter of the inner cylindrical portion of the locking portion 42 of the second member B, but the pointed head 1 has a substantially truncated cone shape. Therefore, when a strong force is applied from below, the engaging portion 42 (the inner cylindrical portion thereof) can be penetrated and enter the inner cylindrical portion 41 of the hole 4. Once the pointed head 1 of the first member A enters the inner cylinder part 41, the bottom part 12 of the pointed head 1 is hooked on the locking part 42 of the second member B and cannot be pulled out.
[0044]
When the ear tag is attached to the pig's ear E, it is desirable that the ear tag is securely fixed to the ear E. Therefore, the length of the shaft portion 2 of the first member A and the height (thickness) of the locking portion 42 of the second member B are relatively appropriately determined in consideration of the thickness of the pig ear E. . If the engaging portion 42 is too high or the height of the hole 4 is too low, the sharp tip 11 of the pointed head 1 of the first member A will protrude upward from the hole 4. ,It is a danger.
[0045]
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a state where the ear tag is attached to the ear E of a pig. By coloring the first member A and the second member B in different colors, it can be used for individual identification of pigs and the like.
[0046]
For example, by using seven colors for the first member A and seven colors for the second member B, 49 color combinations are possible. For this reason, by determining the combination of colors for each pig production area (for example, prefecture name), it is possible to know at a glance the outline of the information about the pig production area.
[0047]
The color of the first member A indicates a rough production area (region) such as the Kanto region or the Kyushu region, and the color of the second member B indicates a specific production region (prefecture name) in the region. An identification method such as displaying may be used. In addition, for each breeding farm, determine the combination according to the purpose, such as which parent was born, which pig from which barn, when it was born, etc., and various information such as letters and symbols, flanges 3 and flat plates 5 and the like can be displayed.
[0048]
【The invention's effect】
The main effects achieved by the present invention are as follows.
[0049]
By making the point and the shaft of the first member of the pig ear tag inseparable, the head does not fall on the floor of the barn, so that the safety of the ear tag can be improved. . In addition, by using a flexible synthetic resin for not only the flange but also the shaft, the flexibility of the ear tag is increased, and the load applied to the pig's ear when external force is applied to the ear tag can be reduced. In addition, if the first member of the ear tag is integrally formed, the ear tag can be manufactured inexpensively and in large quantities.
[0050]
When the pig ear tag is attached to the ear of the pig, the tip of the cusp of the first member does not protrude beyond the upper end of the hole of the second member, so that the sharp cusp is exposed. Therefore, the breeder's daily breeding work and veterinary vaccination work can be performed safely. Also, there is no danger of other pigs on the same fence in the same barn being injured by contacting the pointed head.
[0051]
By coloring each of the first member and the second member of the ear tag and determining the combination of colors, it is possible to obtain at a glance certain information on the individual wearing the ear tag.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a first member (A) of an earmark according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a plan view of a flange (3) of the first member (A) when viewed from the back side; 3 is a side sectional view showing one embodiment of the first member (A). FIG. 4 is an external perspective view of a second member (B) of the ear tag according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a plan view of the flat plate portion 5 of FIG. 6B when viewed from the back side. FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing a state where an ear tag is attached to a pig ear (E). Schematic view of appearance when attached to pig's ear (E) [Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pointed head 2 Shaft part 3 Flange part 4 Hole part 5 Flat plate part 6 Step part 42 Lock part A First member B Second member E Pig's ear

Claims (6)

平板状の鍔部と、該鍔部から突出し、その先端部位に円錐状の尖頭部が分離不能に設けられた軸部と、を少なくとも備える第1部材と、家畜の耳を貫通した前記軸部が挿着される孔部と、前記挿着状態で前記鍔部と対面して前記耳を挟持する平板部と、を少なくとも備える第2部材と、から構成され、前記第1部材が可撓性の合成樹脂で形成された豚用耳標。A first member having at least a flat-plate-shaped flange portion, a shaft portion protruding from the flange portion, and a conical pointed head inseparably provided at a distal end portion thereof; A second member including at least a hole into which a portion is inserted, and a flat plate portion that faces the flange in the inserted state and sandwiches the ear, wherein the first member is flexible. Ear tags for pigs made of synthetic resin. 前記第1部材に加え、前記第2部材が可撓性の合成樹脂で形成されたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の豚用耳標。The ear tag for a pig according to claim 1, wherein the second member is formed of a flexible synthetic resin in addition to the first member. 前記第1部材は、一体樹脂成形されたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の豚用耳標。The ear tag for pigs according to claim 1, wherein the first member is formed by integral resin molding. 前記鍔部又は/及び前記平板部には、個体識別用の印字が施されたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の豚用耳標。The pig ear tag according to claim 1, wherein a print for individual identification is provided on the collar portion and / or the flat plate portion. 請求項1記載の豚用耳標を用いて、前記第1部材と前記第2部材をそれぞれ有色化し、その色の組み合わせを家畜個体の識別に利用する家畜個体識別方法。A livestock individual identification method, wherein the first member and the second member are each colored using the pig ear tag according to claim 1, and a combination of the colors is used for identification of the individual livestock. 前記第1部材と前記第2部材は、有色合成樹脂で形成されたことを特徴とする請求項5記載の家畜個体識別方法。The livestock individual identification method according to claim 5, wherein the first member and the second member are formed of a colored synthetic resin.
JP2003153282A 2003-05-29 2003-05-29 Earmark for pig, and method for identifying livestock Withdrawn JP2004350598A (en)

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CN 200310123244 CN1572138A (en) 2003-05-29 2003-12-18 Ear signal for pig and livestock identifying method

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008523839A (en) * 2004-12-22 2008-07-10 アルフレックス ユーロップ エスアーエス Animal marking button consisting of a shell of two elements, one carbon black and the other bright.
JP2008199926A (en) * 2007-02-19 2008-09-04 Omron Corp Mounting tool, non-contact ic tag and method for manufacturing the non-contact ic tag
KR100969215B1 (en) 2007-12-18 2010-07-09 한국과학기술원 Marking method for the discrimination of turtles
JP2011045273A (en) * 2009-08-26 2011-03-10 Phoenix:Kk New livestock identification method

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CN100357955C (en) * 2005-09-13 2007-12-26 上海农业信息有限公司 Pork supply system and method
EP3845062A4 (en) 2018-08-28 2021-11-24 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Animal individual identification member and animal data management system
CN113367093B (en) * 2021-04-29 2022-04-22 福建省水产研究所(福建水产病害防治中心) Fixing method of fin-shaped spine sleeve for fish in-vitro marker

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008523839A (en) * 2004-12-22 2008-07-10 アルフレックス ユーロップ エスアーエス Animal marking button consisting of a shell of two elements, one carbon black and the other bright.
JP2008199926A (en) * 2007-02-19 2008-09-04 Omron Corp Mounting tool, non-contact ic tag and method for manufacturing the non-contact ic tag
KR100969215B1 (en) 2007-12-18 2010-07-09 한국과학기술원 Marking method for the discrimination of turtles
JP2011045273A (en) * 2009-08-26 2011-03-10 Phoenix:Kk New livestock identification method

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