JP2004346580A - Pavement structure and construction method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pavement technology which enables a ceramic waste tile to be recycled as a paving material at a low cost, which enables the utilization of the relatively large amount of waste tile, and which enables the adequate utilization of the characteristics of the ceramic waste tile. <P>SOLUTION: In the pavement structure 1, a permeable water-retaining layer 5, which is formed by mixing an aggregating agent into natural soil and a cement-based solidification agent and solidifying them, is laid on a water retention layer 4 which is laid on the top surface of a subgrade 2 and which is composed of granular ballast 3 obtained by crushing the ceramic waste tile. The waste tile is utilized for the layer 4 in this way, so that a water retention capacity of the water storage layer can be increased by utilizing good water retentivity of the waste tile, and time when a ground temperature rise suppressing effect brought about by latent heat of vaporization of water continues can be prolonged. The ballast 3 with a relatively large grain size can be used, and grain size control is not required so that work can be executed at low costs. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pavement technology for a sidewalk, a park, a ground, and the like, and more particularly to a pavement technology capable of effectively utilizing resources and having a high effect of suppressing a rise in ground temperature.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the dismantling of buildings such as Japanese houses, ceramic tiles used as roofing materials are generated as waste materials. Such waste tiles often occur particularly in urban areas, but recently, there is a shortage of disposal sites for the waste tiles. Therefore, it is required to reuse such waste tiles as resources.
[0003]
Conventionally, it has been devised to use this waste tile as a pavement material (for example, see Patent Documents 1 to 4).
[0004]
Patent Literature 1 describes a foundation material for civil engineering work formed by adding 7 to 15% of cement and 10 to 20% of water to a crushed waste tile. It is described that by using the waste tile as the foundation material for civil engineering work, the material cost can be reduced and the waste tile can be reused.
[0005]
Further, Patent Literature 2 describes a roadbed formed by solidifying a mixture of a granular material obtained by crushing waste roof tiles and a granular material obtained by crushing asphalt waste material with cement. This makes it possible to effectively use the waste roof tiles and to form the roadbed at low cost.
[0006]
Patent Document 3 describes a technique of pulverizing waste tiles to adjust the particle size to form an aggregate, adding a urethane resin or an adhesive to the aggregate, kneading the aggregate, and forming a pavement material. Have been. The pavement material is spread over the construction surface, flattened, and finished to form a pavement structure that is permeable to water and has less slippery surface.
[0007]
Patent Literature 4 describes a water-permeable pavement structure formed by mixing an aggregate obtained by crushing a waste tile and an epoxy resin. Thus, it is not necessary to accurately adjust the particle size of the waste tile, and the tile can be simply processed and used as an aggregate.
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-5-123663 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-3-279503 [Patent Document 3]
Japanese Utility Model Registration No. 3071636 [Patent Document 4]
JP 2001-234503 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In any of the conventional pavement techniques using waste tiles, the waste tiles are crushed and used as aggregates for pavement base materials. When using a waste tile as an aggregate, it is necessary to crush the waste tile finely. Further, in order to improve the mixing property with the base material, it is necessary to use aggregate having a relatively uniform particle size. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the particle size after crushing the waste tile. Furthermore, if mud or the like is mixed in the aggregate, separation may occur. Therefore, in some cases, it is necessary to perform cleaning after crushing the tile. Therefore, the disposal cost of these waste tiles increases.
[0010]
In addition, when waste tiles are used as pavement aggregate, the amount of waste tiles is naturally limited. Therefore, when a large amount of waste tiles are generated due to dismantling of a building, it is often difficult to reuse all of the tiles.
[0011]
Furthermore, in the above-mentioned conventional waste tile utilization technology, only the waste tile is used instead of the crushed stone. Therefore, it cannot be said that the characteristics of the waste tile are fully utilized.
[0012]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to reuse ceramic waste tiles at a low cost as a pavement material, to use a relatively large amount of waste tiles, and to use ceramic tiles. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pavement technology capable of fully utilizing its characteristics.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A first configuration of the pavement structure according to the present invention is a method in which natural soil and a cement-based solidifying agent are laid on a water reservoir made of granular ballas obtained by crushing waste ceramic tiles laid on the upper surface of a subgrade. A water-permeable water-retaining layer formed by kneading and solidifying a granulating agent is laid.
[0014]
Since the water-permeable and water-retaining layer is obtained by mixing a solidifying agent of natural soil and a cement-based solidifying agent with a granulating agent, it has a large number of continuous fine voids formed therein. Therefore, the water retention capacity is extremely large. Moreover, the granular ballas obtained by crushing waste tiles made of pottery are unglazed potteries, and therefore have many small voids inside and absorb a lot of rainwater.
[0015]
In this way, by using the waste tile for the reservoir, the waste tile can be reused. In addition, it is possible to increase the water holding capacity in the reservoir by using the good water holding property of the waste tile, and to prolong the time during which the effect of suppressing the rise in the ground temperature due to the latent heat of evaporation of water continues.
[0016]
In addition, fine soil particles that enter in the rainwater are filtered by the water-permeable water-retaining layer, so that they do not easily enter the water storage layer. Thereby, the occurrence of mud clogging in the water reservoir is suppressed, and a high water storage capacity can be maintained for a long period of time.
[0017]
Further, since the waste tile is not used as an aggregate but is used as a ballast to be filled in a lower roadbed (reservoir), a relatively large particle can be used, and particle size adjustment is not required. Further, even if mud or the like is mixed in the crushed waste tile, there is little actual harm, so that cleaning is unnecessary. Therefore, it is possible to process the waste roof tile at low cost.
[0018]
In addition, a large amount of waste tiles can be used by adjusting the layer thickness in accordance with the amount of waste tiles in order to use the waste tiles as a ballast in the lower subgrade (reservoir). Therefore, all the waste tiles generated as the waste material of the building can be used.
[0019]
The second configuration of the pavement structure according to the present invention is that a sand, a cement-based solidifying agent, and a bone are laid on a water reservoir formed of granular ballas obtained by crushing waste ceramic tiles laid on the upper surface of a subgrade. It is characterized in that a water-permeable and water-retaining layer formed by flat-filling an interlocking block formed by mixing and solidifying a material with a granulating agent is laid.
[0020]
In this way, the same operation as the operation described in the first configuration can be obtained by using the waste tile made of ceramics as the ballast of the reservoir. In addition, by forming the water-permeable and water-retaining layer by filling the interlocking block with a plane, the construction is facilitated. In addition, when a part of the water-permeable and water-retaining layer is damaged, repair can be easily performed. Further, the appearance of the road surface (surface) also becomes beautiful.
[0021]
A first configuration of a pavement structure construction method according to the present invention is to crush ceramic waste tiles generated by demolition of a building, lay the crushed waste tiles on a roadbed, and roll them to form a water storage layer. A kneaded material is formed by adding a granulating agent and water to a natural soil and a cement-based solidifying agent to form a kneaded material, and applying the kneaded material onto the water storage layer and rolling it to form a water permeable water retaining layer. Is formed.
[0022]
Thereby, the pavement structure according to the first configuration of the present invention can be constructed. In addition, waste ceramic tiles generated by the demolition of a building can be crushed on the spot and used for pavement of a ground near the demolition site. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the generation of waste tiles due to the dismantling of the building, and it is possible to reduce the amount of waste. It also leads to recycling of tile resources.
[0023]
Further, in the present invention, after the kneaded material is applied onto the water storage layer to form a water-permeable water-retaining layer by rolling and further compacting, the upper surface of the water-permeable water-retaining layer is further subjected to agglomeration by a power atomizer or the like. The agent can be sprayed. Thereby, even if the aggregate structure of the soil particles on the surface of the water-permeable water-retaining layer is broken by the compaction, the water-permeable water-retaining layer is re-agglomerated by the spraying of the water-repellent water-retaining layer. -Water retention is improved.
[0024]
A second configuration of the pavement structure construction method according to the present invention is to crush ceramic waste tiles generated by demolition of a building, lay the crushed waste tiles on a roadbed to form a reservoir, The unevenness adjusting layer is formed by laying sand on the upper surface of the water storage layer, and formed by mixing and solidifying a sand, a cement-based solidifying agent, and an aggregate with an aggregate on the upper surface of the unevenness adjusting layer. The interlocking block is filled to form a water-permeable water-retaining layer.
[0025]
Thereby, the pavement structure according to the second configuration of the present invention can be constructed. In addition, as described above, by using on-site pottery waste tile generated by dismantling a building, it is possible to reduce waste and recycle tile resources.
[0026]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0027]
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a pavement structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In the pavement structure 1 according to the present embodiment, a water storage layer 4 formed of granular ballasts 3 crushed from ceramic waste tiles laid on the upper surface of a roadbed 2 is formed. On the water storage layer 4, a water-permeable water-retaining layer 5 formed by kneading and solidifying a natural soil and a cement-based solidifying agent with a granulating agent is laid.
[0028]
The size of the ballast 3 of the waste tile used for the water reservoir 4 has an average particle size of 3 to 5 cm. When the average particle size becomes smaller than 3 cm, the crushing cost generally increases and the processing cost increases. On the other hand, if the average particle size is larger than 5 cm, the voids in the water storage layer become large, and the upper layer is likely to collapse.
[0029]
FIG. 2 is a view showing a crushed waste roof tile used as a ballast. As described above, since the waste tile is used not as the aggregate but as the ballast 3 to be filled in the reservoir, it may be crushed to a relatively large particle size. Also, no particle size adjustment is required. Therefore, the crushing process is simple and the processing cost is low.
[0030]
As the natural soil used for the water-permeable water-retaining layer 5, masa soil or soil generated locally at a construction site is used. By using locally generated soil at the construction site, there is no need to separately procure and transport natural soil, and construction costs can be reduced. If the soil generated at the construction site is soil that is not suitable for use, such as red soil, use separately prepared masa soil.
[0031]
As the aggregating agent, a polymer compound comprising a complex of a magnesium salt of acrylic acid / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer and polyethyleneimine can be used. Specifically, for example, trade names “CV-2000”, “GB-2000”, “CG-2000”, etc., manufactured by Global Research Institute, Ltd. are used.
[0032]
The construction method of the pavement structure according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described below.
[0033]
In the construction, first, the road surface of the construction site is excavated, and the surface of the subgrade 2 is adjusted horizontally. Then, the ballast 3 generated by crushing the waste tile generated by the demolition of the building by the crusher is spread on the surface of the subgrade 2 to form a water reservoir 4. Then, the roadbed 2 is compacted from the surface of the roadbed 2 by a rolling machine such as a plate rammer or a roller to compact the roadbed 2.
[0034]
Here, the thickness of the water reservoir 4 can be freely adjusted, but usually about 10 cm is appropriate. This is because the workability is good and can be implemented at low cost.
[0035]
Next, the local soil or masa soil and the cement-based solidifying agent are kneaded by a mixer. Then, a granulating agent is added to the kneaded material. In this case, when a brand name “GB-2000” manufactured by Global Research Institute is used as the aggregating agent, it is preferable to add ³ to 5 liters to 1 m3 of soil. If the aggregating agent is 3 liters or less, the aggregating effect is weak, and the formation of voids inside the water-retentive filler becomes incomplete. This is because only the material cost increases without any change.
[0036]
After being sufficiently kneaded, the kneaded material is applied on the upper surface of the compacted water storage layer 4 to form the water-permeable water-retaining layer 5. At this time, it is appropriate that the thickness of the water-permeable and water-retaining layer 5 is about 7 to 10 cm. This is because the workability is good and can be implemented at low cost.
[0037]
Then, the roadbed 2 is compacted from the upper surface of the water-permeable and water-retaining layer 5 by a compactor. Thereafter, a granulating agent is sprayed on the upper surface of the water-permeable water-retaining layer 5 by a power sprayer. Thereby, on the upper surface of the water-permeable and water-retaining layer 5 in which the aggregate structure is broken by the compaction, the soil particles and the cement particles again form the aggregate structure, and the water permeability and the water retention are improved.
[0038]
Then, the laying of the pavement structure 1 is completed by drying and solidifying the water permeable water retaining layer 5. The road surface (surface) of the pavement structure 1 formed in this way has a soil color in appearance since natural soil is mixed with the water-permeable water-retaining layer 5. Therefore, compared with concrete pavement, the appearance is closer to nature, and it is easy to blend into the surrounding scenery.
[0039]
Next, the operation of the pavement structure 1 thus laid will be described.
[0040]
The rainwater that has fallen on the road surface of the pavement structure 1 first penetrates the water-permeable water-retaining layer 5 to be retained. The rainwater that has fallen on the road surface is immediately absorbed by the water-permeable and water-retaining layer 5, thereby preventing the formation of puddles on the road surface. Therefore, when the pavement structure 1 is laid in a park, a sidewalk, a ground, or the like, a pedestrian can easily walk even in rainy weather.
[0041]
Then, the rainwater exceeding the water retention capacity of the permeable water retention layer 5 permeates into the lower water storage layer 4 as gravity water. Part of the rainwater that has permeated into the reservoir 4 is absorbed by the ballast 3. Part of the rainwater is stored in the gap between the ballasts 3.
[0042]
In addition, as described above, by using the granular ballast 3 obtained by crushing a ceramic waste tile for the water reservoir 4, the water storage capacity of the water reservoir 4 is 2 to 2.5 times as compared with the case where crushed stone is used. About twice as large.
[0043]
At this time, the soil fine particles that enter together with the rainwater are filtered by the water-permeable water-retaining layer 5 and hardly enter the water storage layer 4. Therefore, the water reservoir 4 has a structure that is hardly clogged with mud.
[0044]
On the other hand, when the weather is fine, the rainwater retained in the permeable water retaining layer 5 evaporates. The rise in the ground temperature is suppressed by the latent heat of vaporization of the water during the evaporation. In addition, since the water retention capacity of the water-permeable water retention layer 5 is large, the suppression of the rise in the ground temperature due to the latent heat of vaporization is continued for a long time. Therefore, the road surface is unlikely to become hot even in summer, and the surrounding environment can be kept cool.
[0045]
Further, when the water-permeable water-retaining layer 5 is dried, rainwater is sucked from the water storage layer 4 below the water-permeable water-retaining layer 5 by capillary action. Therefore, water is sequentially supplied to the water-permeable and water-retaining layer 5. Therefore, the suppression of the rise in the ground temperature due to the latent heat of vaporization is continued for a longer period.
[0046]
As described above, according to the pavement structure 1 according to the present embodiment, the cost of material can be reduced by reusing the waste ceramic tile as the ballast 3 of the water reservoir 4. In addition, when using waste tiles for the water reservoir 4, since a relatively large amount of waste tiles can be used, many waste tiles that are discharged when a building is dismantled can be treated. In addition, the water retentivity of the waste ceramic tile can be fully utilized and used.
[0047]
If the pavement structure 1 according to the present embodiment is laid on or near the vacant ground of the demolition site of the building where the waste tile is generated, there is no need to transport the waste tile generated by the demolition of the building, and there is no need to transport it. It is efficient because it can be disposed. In particular, in the pavement structure 1 according to the present embodiment, since the particle size of the ballast 3 formed by crushing waste tiles is large and may be irregular, the crusher is brought to a demolition site and crushed on the spot. 3 can be manufactured. Therefore, the pavement structure 1 of the present embodiment is particularly suitable for construction at a building demolition site.
[0048]
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a pavement structure according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In FIG. 3, a roadbed 2, a ballast 3, and a reservoir 4 are the same as those in FIG.
[0049]
The pavement structure 10 according to the present embodiment is formed on the water reservoir 4 by mixing and solidifying a conventional interlocking block material made of sand, a cement-based solidifying agent, and an aggregate with an aggregating agent. A water-permeable water-retentive layer 13 formed by filling the interlocking block 12 in a plane is provided.
[0050]
In addition, in order to adjust each interlocking block 12 horizontally and to function as a sand cushion, an uneven land adjustment layer 11 is provided between the permeable water retaining layer 13 and the water storage layer 4. This unevenness adjustment layer 11 is formed by filling sand.
[0051]
When laying the pavement structure 10 according to the present embodiment as described above, similarly to the first embodiment, first, the surface of the subgrade 2 is adjusted horizontally, and the waste tile generated by dismantling the building is crushed by the crusher. The ballast 3 thus generated is spread on the surface of the subgrade 2 to form a water reservoir 4. Then, the roadbed 2 is compacted from the surface of the roadbed 2 by a rolling machine such as a plate rammer or a roller to compact the roadbed 2.
[0052]
Next, sand is laid on the upper surface of the water storage layer 4 to a thickness of about 2 to 4 cm, and the surface is leveled to form the unevenness adjusting layer 11. Finally, the interlocking block 12 is flat-filled and laid on the upper surface of the unevenness adjusting layer 11 to form a water-permeable and water-retaining layer.
[0053]
In this way, the formation of the water-permeable and water-retaining layer 13 by the interlocking block 12 facilitates construction. Further, when a part of the water-permeable and water-retaining layer 13 is damaged, it can be repaired simply by replacing and replacing a part of the interlocking blocks 12.
[0054]
The thickness of the interlocking block 12 is preferably about 6 to 8 cm in order to have sufficient strength and water retention. If the thickness is less than 6 cm, the strength is reduced, the water retention capacity is small, and the material is easily dried. On the other hand, if it is thicker than 8 cm, it becomes heavy, which is inconvenient for transportation.
[0055]
Next, the operation of the pavement structure 10 thus laid will be described.
The interlocking block 12 is obtained by mixing and solidifying a sand, a cement-based solidifying agent, and an aggregate with an aggregating agent, so that a large number of continuous fine voids are formed therein. Further, as described above, the granular ballast 3 obtained by crushing a waste ceramic tile also absorbs a large amount of water because it is an unglazed ceramic.
[0056]
Therefore, the rainwater falling on the road surface permeates the interlocking block 12 and is retained. Further, rainwater exceeding the water retention capacity permeates into the reservoir 4. Then, a part thereof is absorbed by the ballast 3 in the reservoir 4. Part of the rainwater is stored in the gap between the ballasts 3.
[0057]
When the weather is fine, the water retained in the interlocking block 12 evaporates, and the rise in the ground temperature is suppressed by the latent heat of vaporization. Further, when the interlocking block 12 has dried, water is sequentially supplied to the interlocking block 12 from the water reservoir 4 below the interlocking block 12. Therefore, the suppression of the rise in the ground temperature due to the latent heat of vaporization is continued for a long time.
[0058]
The use of the interlocking block 12 on the road surface (surface) makes the appearance beautiful. Therefore, the pavement structure 10 according to the present embodiment is particularly suitable for construction in a park or a sidewalk.
[0059]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively use the tile resources discharged as the waste material of the building by using the waste tile in the water reservoir of the water retention structure. In addition, the amount of construction waste can be reduced.
[0060]
In addition, since the waste tile is used as a ballast in the lower roadbed (reservoir), a relatively large particle can be used, and there is no need to adjust the particle size. Further, even if mud or the like is mixed in the crushed waste tile, there is little actual harm, so that cleaning is unnecessary. Therefore, it is possible to process the waste roof tile at low cost.
[0061]
In addition, since waste tiles are used as a ballast in the lower subgrade (reservoir), the layer thickness can be adjusted according to the amount of waste tiles generated, and all waste tiles generated as building waste can be used. .
[0062]
In addition, by utilizing the property that the ceramic tiles have a high water retention property and using this as a ballast of a water storage layer of the pavement structure, the water retention capacity of the pavement structure can be increased. And thereby, it becomes possible to enhance the ground temperature control effect of the pavement structure.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a pavement structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view showing a crushed waste roof tile used as a ballast.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a pavement structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1,10 Pavement structure 2 Subgrade 3 Balas 4 Reservoir 5,13 Permeable water holding layer 11 Non-adjustment layer 12 Interlocking block

Claims (4)

It was formed by kneading a solidifying agent with natural soil and a cement-based solidifying agent and solidifying it on a water reservoir made of granular ballas crushed from waste ceramic tiles laid on the upper surface of the subgrade. A pavement structure having a water-permeable and water-retaining layer laid thereon. By mixing sand, cement-based solidifying agent, and aggregates with the aggregating agent, and solidifying it on the reservoir made of granular ballas crushed from waste ceramic tiles laid on the upper surface of the subgrade A pavement structure, wherein a water-permeable water-retaining layer formed by filling the formed interlocking block with a plane is laid. Crush ceramic waste tiles caused by demolishing buildings,
Laying the crushed waste tile on the roadbed and rolling it to form a reservoir,
Add a granulating agent and water to the natural soil and cement-based solidifying agent and knead to form a kneaded product,
A method for constructing a pavement structure, characterized in that the kneaded material is applied on the water storage layer and rolled to form a water permeable water retaining layer. Crush ceramic waste tiles caused by demolishing buildings,
Laying the crushed waste tile on the subgrade to form a reservoir,
Laying sand on the upper surface of the reservoir to form an irregularity adjustment layer,
An interlocking block formed by mixing and solidifying a sand, a cement-based solidifying agent, and an aggregate with an agglomerating agent is flat-filled on the upper surface of the unevenness adjusting layer to form a water-permeable water-retaining layer. A method for constructing a pavement structure, characterized in that:

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