JP2004339188A - Inhibitor for inhibiting growth and scattering of pollen of taxodiaceae and cupressaceae - Google Patents

Inhibitor for inhibiting growth and scattering of pollen of taxodiaceae and cupressaceae Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004339188A
JP2004339188A JP2003175551A JP2003175551A JP2004339188A JP 2004339188 A JP2004339188 A JP 2004339188A JP 2003175551 A JP2003175551 A JP 2003175551A JP 2003175551 A JP2003175551 A JP 2003175551A JP 2004339188 A JP2004339188 A JP 2004339188A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
pollen
scattering
inhibitor
taxodiaceae
cupressaceae
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Pending
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JP2003175551A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Mikio Nakanishi
幹雄 中西
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Priority to JP2003175551A priority Critical patent/JP2004339188A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inhibitor for selectively inhibiting the growth and scattering of pollen of Taxodiaceae and Cupressaceae. <P>SOLUTION: The inhibitor, capable of inhibiting the growth of pollen and the opening of a flower bulb of Taxodiaceae and Cupressaceae, is prepared by incorporating 0.1-10 wt.% at least one 3-oxobutanoic ester into a dispersant comprising water or an organic solvent. The inhibitor may further contain several ppm 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
[発明の属する利用分野]
本発明はスギ及びヒノキ科の花粉の発生と飛散の抑制剤に関する。
【0002】
[従来の技術]
スギ及びヒノキ科の花粉は花粉症の原因の主要部分を占めているが林業上の経済性から,これらの木を選択的に植林して来た。植林には苗を挿し木によって作る方法と種をまいて作る方法があるが、いづれも歴史上は花粉を沢山つける苗づくりが選択されてきた。植林してから数十年経過してから多量の花粉を飛散するので、花粉の少ない品種の苗を移植する地域もあるが、新たな苗が植えられるまでには永い年月を必要とする。花粉を発生させない化学的方法にはIAA、2,4−D、などのホルモン型物質のほか、非ホルモン型物質が主に除草剤として使用されているがスギ花粉抑制に使用されている薬剤は開発されていない。
【0003】
[発明が解決しようとする課題]
(1)スギ及びヒノキ科の花粉の成長、飛散を選択的に抑制し、木の成長には影響しないこと、
(2)花粉の成長時期に広範囲な森林に散布できること、
(3)人畜及びすべての生物に無害であること。
【0004】
[課題を解決するための手段]
本件の特許出願者がスギの挿し木の発根、発芽、成長を目的に開発した技術の、日本特許第1315085号(昭和61年4月28日)植物の成長を促進する方法を追試していた過程で、3−オキソブタン酸エステルの水溶液を花粉の成長時期にスギとヒノキの枝葉に散布した結果、一定の濃度以上では花粉細胞の成長が止まり、成長した花粉も雄花の球花が閉じた状態で落下する現象をを発見した。
【0005】
[スギ科およびヒノキ科花粉の形状]
スギ花粉の入った花球は卵形で長さは平均6mm,ヒノキ花球も卵形で長さ3mmでこの2つの科は以前は分類上いずれもヒノキ科に属していたので外形上は似ている。それでスギ花粉について説明しておくと、多数のおしべは螺旋状に配列して球花をつくり、おしべには2〜9個の花粉嚢からできている。2〜4月花粉が成長すると花粉嚢が破れ、花球も開いて中から大量の花粉が飛散して最盛期は黄色い煙りように見える。花粉1個の大きさは約20μmであるから1億個/mlの個数出ある。この花粉を飛散させない為には、花粉を成長させないよう細胞分裂を阻止するか、花粉嚢、と花球を開かないようにして花球のまま地上に落下させれば目的を達成できる。
【0006】
この目的のためには植物ホルモン散布が考えられるが、本発明では3−オキソブタン酸エステル、通常名アセト酢酸エステルを使用した。このなかでもアセト酢酸エチルは植物の葉の香りのする爽快な物質で0.1%以下の濃度では発芽発根を促進する物質であったが、濃度0.5%以上の水溶液を散布するか、或いは花粉のできる葉を浸けるとスギ科とヒノキ科の花粉の成長が止まり、すでに成長した花粉は花球と花粉嚢が開かないまま落下し花粉の飛散を防止できた。
【0007】
[花粉の成長と飛散防止剤の調製方法]
アセト酢酸メチルエステル、アセト酢酸エチルエステル、アセト酢酸プロピルエステル、アセト酢酸ブチルエステル、のうち水に対する溶解度はメチルエステル、とエチルエステル、は実用上使用可能な濃度に溶解するので3%水溶液で使用する。プロピルエステル、とプチルエステルはメタノール6%溶液をつくり使用時に水で希釈して所定の濃度とした。
【0008】
アセト酢酸エチルを噴霧器で花球のある枝葉に2月、3月、4月、各1回づつ計3回散布してそれぞれの散布10日後花粉が飛散するか、飛散しないか観察した。判定の基準は花粉が成長して花粉嚢と花粉の入っている花球が開くか、閉じているかで判断できた。さらに進行すると花球が閉じたままで落花するので飛散は抑えられた。
実施例1、本発明の薬剤を散布後10日経過後の花粉の飛散と花球の状態を第1表に記載した。

Figure 2004339188
【0009】
ヒノキ花粉についてはスギ花粉より花粉の発生時期が3週間遅れる外は本質てきに変わらなかった。花球が開く傾向はスギ花球より少し強い。これは気温が高くなるためと関係が深い。スギ、ヒノキは雌雄異株であるが雌雄同株の他の柑橘、桃などの植物、菜種、大根、の野菜とか花卉類には、影響がなかった。実用的にはヘリコプターを使用する広範囲な散布を必要なため開花が同時期における果樹の交ざっている森林の散布は避けた方がよい。
【0010】
実施例2、実施例1に2,4−ジクロロフェノキシ酢酸を10ppm添加した場合第2表 に示す。
Figure 2004339188
【0011】
発明の経済効果、花粉症の人は2003年の時点で人口の15%と見積もられており毎年増加の傾向にある。これはヒトが植林によって経済性のある人工林に転換した為である。花粉症を和らげるには花粉の発生と飛散を抑える技術が重要である。[0001]
[Field of application to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to an agent for suppressing the generation and scattering of pollen of cedar and cypress.
[0002]
[Conventional technology]
Japanese cedar and cypress pollen are a major cause of hay fever, but due to the economics of forestry, these trees have been selectively planted. There are two ways to plant trees: cutting seedlings using cuttings and sowing seeds. In history, the choice of seedlings with a lot of pollen has been selected. A large number of pollens are scattered several decades after planting, so some areas transplant seedlings with low pollen varieties, but it takes a long time before new seedlings can be planted. Chemical methods that do not generate pollen include hormone-type substances such as IAA and 2,4-D, and non-hormone-type substances are mainly used as herbicides. Not developed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
(1) to selectively suppress the growth and scattering of cedar and cypress pollen, and do not affect tree growth;
(2) that it can be spread over a wide range of forests during pollen growth;
(3) Harmless to humans and all living things.
[0004]
[Means for solving the problem]
The patent applicant of the present case was trying again the method of promoting the growth of Japanese Patent No. 1315085 (April 28, 1986), a technique developed for the purpose of rooting, germinating and growing cedar cuttings. During the process, an aqueous solution of 3-oxobutanoate was sprayed on the branches and leaves of cedar and cypress during the pollen growing period. As a result, the growth of the pollen cells stopped at a certain concentration or more, and the grown pollen was in a state in which the male flower was closed Discovered the phenomenon of falling.
[0005]
[Shape of cedar and cypress pollen]
The flower bulb containing the cedar pollen is ovoid and has an average length of 6 mm, and the cypress flower bulb is also oval and 3 mm in length. Since these two families belonged to the cypress family, they were similar in appearance. ing. To explain cedar pollen, a large number of stamens are arranged in a spiral to form globules, and the stamen is made up of 2 to 9 pollen sacs. When the pollen grows from February to April, the pollen sac is broken, the flower bulb opens, and a large amount of pollen scatters from inside, and it looks like a yellow smoke at its peak. Since the size of one pollen is about 20 μm, the number is 100 million / ml. In order to prevent the pollen from scattering, the purpose can be achieved by preventing cell division so that the pollen does not grow, or by dropping the pollen sac and the flower ball on the ground without opening the flower ball.
[0006]
For this purpose, phytohormone spraying is conceivable, but in the present invention, 3-oxobutanoate, usually acetoacetate, was used. Among them, ethyl acetoacetate is a refreshing substance with the fragrance of the leaves of the plant, and it is a substance that promotes germination and rooting at a concentration of 0.1% or less. Or, when the leaves with pollen were soaked, the growth of the pollen in the cedar and cypress families stopped, and the already grown pollen fell without opening the pollen and pollen sac and prevented the scattering of the pollen.
[0007]
[Method of preparing pollen growth and scattering prevention agent]
Among the acetoacetate methyl ester, acetoacetate ethyl ester, acetoacetate propyl ester, and acetoacetate butyl ester, the solubility in water is methyl ester and ethyl ester. . The propyl ester and the butyl ester were prepared at a predetermined concentration by preparing a 6% methanol solution and diluting with water at the time of use.
[0008]
Ethyl acetoacetate was sprayed on branches and leaves with flower balls using a sprayer in February, March, and April, once each for a total of three times, and 10 days after each spraying, it was observed whether pollen was scattered or not. The criterion for the determination was whether the pollen grew and the pollen sac and the pollen containing pollen were open or closed. As it progressed further, the flower ball closed and the flower fell, so scattering was suppressed.
Example 1 Table 1 shows the pollen scattering and the state of the flower balls 10 days after the application of the agent of the present invention.
Figure 2004339188
[0009]
The cypress pollen was essentially the same except that the pollen generation time was three weeks behind that of the cedar pollen. The tendency of the flower ball to open is slightly stronger than that of the cedar flower ball. This is closely related to higher temperatures. Japanese cedar and cypress were dioecious, but did not affect other plants of the same sex, such as citrus and peach, rapeseed, radish, and other vegetables and flora. Practically, extensive spraying using a helicopter is required, so it is better to avoid spraying forests with fruit trees at the same time as flowering.
[0010]
Table 2 shows the results when 10 ppm of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid was added to Examples 2 and 1.
Figure 2004339188
[0011]
The economic effect of the invention, the number of people with hay fever, is estimated to be 15% of the population as of 2003 and is increasing every year. This is due to the fact that humans have converted to artificial forests that are economical through tree planting. To alleviate hay fever, technology to control pollen generation and scattering is important.

Claims (1)

CHCOCHCOOR (1)
[式中Rは炭素数1〜4のアルキル基を表す]で表す3−オキソブタン酸エステルの1種または2種以上を分散剤の水または有機溶剤に0.1〜10重量%含有する花粉の発生と飛散抑制剤。
CH 3 COCH 2 COOR 1 (1)
A pollen containing one or more of 3-oxobutanoic acid esters represented by the formula: wherein R 1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, in water or an organic solvent of a dispersant, in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight. Generation and scattering inhibitor.
JP2003175551A 2003-05-16 2003-05-16 Inhibitor for inhibiting growth and scattering of pollen of taxodiaceae and cupressaceae Pending JP2004339188A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012092174A (en) * 2010-10-25 2012-05-17 Institute Of Physical & Chemical Research Pollen dispersion-preventing agent and pollen dispersion-preventing method
CN109601547A (en) * 2018-11-30 2019-04-12 北京市园林科学研究院 A kind of plant pollen removes medicament and plant pollen removes method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012092174A (en) * 2010-10-25 2012-05-17 Institute Of Physical & Chemical Research Pollen dispersion-preventing agent and pollen dispersion-preventing method
CN109601547A (en) * 2018-11-30 2019-04-12 北京市园林科学研究院 A kind of plant pollen removes medicament and plant pollen removes method

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