JP2004329083A

JP2004329083A - Apparatus for washing cultured scallop

Info

Publication number: JP2004329083A
Application number: JP2003128141A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Ryuji Hase; 龍二長谷
Original assignee: DONAN TEKKO KK
Current assignee: DONAN TEKKO KK
Priority date: 2003-05-06
Filing date: 2003-05-06
Publication date: 2004-11-25
Anticipated expiration: 2023-05-06
Also published as: JP3849666B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for washing cultured scallops, with which washing for releasing attached organisms attaching themselves to the surfaces of shells of old shellfishes of 2-3 year old shellfishes is effectively carried out without causing shellfish break. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus has constitution that a drum 2 having a great number of sieve holes 22 bored through a cylindrical wall 2a is laid in a sideways position and rotatably supported on a machine frame 1, a spiral wing 4 which is obtained by forming a strip into a ribbon screw shape and is supported on stays 41 projected radially from a revolving shaft 40 is arranged in the inside space of the drum 2, the shaft end part of the revolving shaft 40 is supported on a bearing member 14 attached to the machine frame 1 and rotatably supported pivotally on the machine frame 1 and the drum 2 and the spiral wing 4 are separately driven by a driving means U so that the drum 2 is rotated at a higher rotational speed than that of the spiral wing 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は、養殖したホタテ貝を出荷する際に、養殖の期間中にそのホタテ貝の貝殻の表面に付着して生長している他の貝類を、剥離せしめて、出荷するホタテ貝の殻の表面を、他の貝類の付着生物が無いように洗浄する養殖ホタテ貝の洗浄装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
ホタテ貝の養殖は、通常、春に産卵させ孵化させた稚貝を養殖篭において中間育成し、次年度の春にこれを引き上げ、養殖篭から稚貝を取り出し、それの殻ａの耳に図１にあるようにアゲピンｂを取り付け、そのアゲピンｂを吊り縄ｃに多段に並列させて耳吊り連結し、これを海中に図２にあるように吊り下げて育成し、その年の初夏から新貝として収穫し出荷する。新貝として出荷されない貝は、秋期に耳吊りの状態のまま、海上において、船に搭載した洗浄機で、殻の表面に付着し寄生している他の貝類などの付着生物を剥ぎ落とす洗浄を行い、再度海中に垂下して育成し、次年度に古貝として出荷する。
【０００３】
本発明において対象とするホタテ貝の洗浄装置は、一年貝を新貝として出荷する際に行う殻の外面に付着している付着生物を剥離除去するための洗浄と古貝（２〜３年貝）を出荷する際に殻の外面に付着している付着生物を剥離除去するための洗浄とに用いる洗浄装置である。
【０００４】
この養殖ホタテ貝を出荷する際に、それの殻の外面に付着して生育している他の貝類の付着生物を剥離させるために用いる養殖ホタテ貝の洗浄装置としては、本願の出願人が特開平２００１−１６２１７号として出願しているホタテ洗浄装置がある。
【０００５】
このホタテ洗浄装置は、図３・図４・図５にあるように、船上または陸上の所望の場所に据え付けて設置し得るよう形成した機枠１に、軸方向に長いドラム状に形成した円筒状のドラム２を、それの軸心線が、一端側に向けて下降する少し傾斜した姿勢として自在に回転するよう機枠１に設けた転輪１０に支架し、機枠１の外面側に組み付けておく駆動モータＭの出力軸と、伝導輪３０および伝動ベルト３１を介し伝導して、その駆動モータＭの駆動によりドラム２をそれの軸心線を中心に、図４において矢印に示す一方向に回転するようにする。
【０００６】
この円筒状のドラム２は、それの軸心線の傾斜下降側の開放口を、ホタテ貝の投入口２０として、これに臨む機枠１の前面側（図５において左面側）に、ホタテ貝の供給用のホッパ１１を固定装着して、このホッパ１１に投入するホタテ貝が円筒状のドラム２の一端側の開放口により形成される投入口２０から円筒状のドラム２の内部空間に供給されていくようにする。
【０００７】
この円筒状のドラム２は、それの筒壁２ａを、ホタテ貝の表面から剥離させる付着生物を漏下させる篩穴２２を、多数形設した目抜板状に形成し、その筒壁２ａの内面には、ドラム２内部に投入されたホタテ貝を排出口２１に搬送させるコンベアとする螺旋翼４を固定装着してく。この螺旋翼４は、円筒状のドラム２が前述の矢印で示した方向に駆動されて回転したときに、この円筒状のドラム２と共に回転することで、投入口２０から該円筒状のドラム２の内部空間に投入されるホタテ貝を、円筒状のドラム２の他端側の開口端により形成した排出口２１に向けて搬送していく向きに巻かれた形態のものに形成しておく。
【０００８】
そして、排出口２１の外面側には、そこから、前述の螺旋翼４により搬送されてくるホタテ貝を誘導して排出させる排出樋１２を配位して機枠１の後面側に固定装着しておき、また、円筒状のドラム２の内部空間の上部側に寄せた部位には、ポンプの吐出口に接続する散水器５を配位して機枠１に固定支架しておき、これにより、円筒状のドラム２を駆動回転させ、散水器５から洗浄水を供給させている状態において、ホッパ１１からホタテ貝を供給することで、そのホタテ貝が円筒状のドラム２の内部において、円筒状のドラム２の回転によって、ドラム２の筒壁２ａの内面でせり上げられて落下する動作を繰り返しながら螺旋翼４により排出口２１側に送られ、この間においてホタテ貝同志のもみあいによる殻の摺擦によりホタテ貝の殻の表面に付着して生育している付着生物が剥離し、その剥離した付着生物が、洗浄水と共に、円筒状のドラム２の筒壁２ａに設けた多数の篩穴２２から漏下し、殻の外面から付着生物が剥離して洗浄されたホタテ貝が、排出口２１から排出されてくるようにしているものである。
【０００９】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述の従前のホタテ貝の洗浄装置は、一年貝の新貝を対象として洗浄すると、その効果が極めて良好で、殻の表面に付着して生育している他の貝類の付着生物の殆どの剥離・除去が行えるようになるが、２〜３年貝の古貝を対象とすると、古貝に付着している付着生物が経年により生長して大きくなっていることと、生長による成熟でホタテ貝の殻に対する付着力が強固になってきていることで、付着生物が剥離しないで残るようになって、洗浄効果が著しく低くなる問題がある。
【００１０】
また、ホタテ貝の供給量を増やし、円筒状のドラム２の内部に滞留するホタテ貝の量を多くしてホタテ貝同志の摩擦を大きくすることで、洗浄効果を上げようとすると、ホタテ貝の殻が割れる貝割れが多くなって、歩どまりを悪くする別の問題がでてくる。
【００１１】
本発明は、従前手段に生じている上述の問題を解消するためになされたものであって、２〜３年貝の古貝の殻表面に付着している付着生物を剥離せしめる洗浄が、貝割れを生ぜしめすに、効果的に行えるようにする新たな養殖ホタテ貝の洗浄装置を提供することを目的とする。
【００１２】
【課題を解決するための手段】
しかして、本発明は、上述に目的を達成するために、種々の試行を重ねて得られた知見に基づいてなされたものである。
【００１３】
即ち、上述の筒壁２ａの内壁面に螺旋翼４を装設した円筒状のドラム２を用いる養殖ホタテ貝の洗浄手段において、洗浄効果を上げるために、円筒状のドラム２の内部空間に滞留させるホタテ貝の量を増やすと、貝割れを多く発生させるようになるのが、ホタテ貝同志の接触圧が高くなることによることが判ってきたところから、供給する３年貝のホタテ貝の量は増大させずに、ドラム２を、それの筒壁２ａが六角または八角となる角筒状に形成して、ドラム２の回転時の筒壁２ａ内面によるホタテ貝のせり上げを良くし、従前機（現状機）の円筒状のドラム２と対比するテストを行い、その結果を、４人の判定者に、判定基準を、次記の〔ａ：良く洗浄された〕〔ｂ：少し洗浄された〕〔ｃ：洗浄されなかった〕ａ〜ｃの３ランクとして判定させたところ、
【表１】

となり、ドラム２を角筒状に形成して、それの回転によりホタテ貝をせり上げていく効率を良くしても、洗浄効果が得られないことが判った。
【００１４】
このことから、ドラム２の内壁面に装着する螺旋翼４の、ドラム内面からの突出高さを、高・中（現状）低に変化させた場合と、ドラム２を、投入口２０の側から排出口２１に向けて昇り勾配として機枠１に支架する傾斜角度を、高角度と現状角度と低角度とに変化させた場合と、ドラム２の回転速度を、高・中（現状）・低とに変化させた場合とについての実験を行い、その結果を、前述と同様に４人の判定者に判定させたところ、その結果は、次の表２・表３・表４にある通りで、すべての場合において、洗浄効果が、現状のものと変わらず、効果をあげ得ないものとなり、螺旋翼４の送り作動は、ホタテ貝の洗浄に殆ど関与しないことが判ってきた。
【表２】

【表３】

【表４】

【００１５】
そこで、現状の従前機をベースにして改善する発想を転換して、円筒状のドラム２とそれの内周側に設ける螺旋翼４とを、別体に形成して、それぞれが独立して回転するように機枠１に軸支し、かつ、それぞれが正転・逆転の何れの方向にも駆動回転し得るようにしておき、３年貝の古貝を対象として螺旋翼４を、ホタテ貝を排出口２１に向け搬送する搬送方向に回転させた状態において、ドラム２を螺旋翼４の回転方向と逆方向に回転させた場合と、螺旋翼４を速く回転させ、ドラム２を遅く回転させた場合と、螺旋翼４の回転速度を遅くし、ドラム２の回転速度を速くした場合とについて実験を行い、その結果を同様に４人の判定者に判定させたところ、次記の表５・表６・表７に示す結果となった。
【表５】

【表６】

【表７】

【００１６】
この実験の結果から、螺旋翼４は、ホタテ貝の殻の表面の付着生物を剥離除去する洗浄作用には殆ど関与せず、洗浄作用は、ホタテ貝がドラム２の回転に伴い、回転方向にせり上げられて落下してくるときのホタテ貝同志の殻の摺擦により行われていること、そして、このせり上げと落下との作用を多く受けるほど、洗浄効果が上がり、螺旋翼４の回転を遅くして送りを緩やかにしてドラム２による攪拌を多く受けるようにしたときには、充分な洗浄が得られることが判ってきた。
【００１７】
そして、このことから、本発明手段においては、上述の目的を達成するための手段として、請求項１に記載したように、機枠１に、筒壁２ａに多数の篩穴２２…を開設したドラム２を、横倒しの姿勢として回転自在に軸支し、そのドラム２の内部空間内に、帯板をリボンスクリュー状に成形し、回転軸４０から放射状に突出するステー４１…に支持せしめた螺旋翼４を、配位して、それの回転軸４０の軸端部を機枠１に設けた軸受部材１４に支架して機枠１に回転自在に軸支し、ドラム２と螺旋翼４とを、駆動手段Ｕにより各別に、かつ、ドラム２が螺旋翼４より速い回転速度で回転するように駆動することを特徴とする養殖ホタテ貝の洗浄装置を提起するものである。
【００１８】
そして、これに併せて、ドラム２およびそれの内部空間に配位する螺旋翼４を略水平な姿勢として機枠１に軸架して、螺旋翼４をそれの回転によりドラム２内のホタテ貝を投入口２０側から排出口２１側に移送する正回転の方向に遅い速度で駆動回転せしめ、ドラム２を早い速度で駆動回転させることを特徴とする請求項１記載の養殖ホタテ貝の洗浄装置と、
ドラム２およびそれの内部空間に配位する螺旋翼４を、略水平な姿勢として機枠１に軸支して、螺旋翼４をそれの回転によりドラム２内のホタテ貝を投入口２０側から排出口２１側に移送する正回転の方向に遅い速度で駆動回転せしめ、ドラム２を、螺旋翼４の回転方向と周方向に速い速度で駆動回転させることを特徴とする請求項１記載の養殖のホタテ貝の洗浄装置と、
ドラム２の内部空間に配位して機枠１に軸架する螺旋翼４を、それの外径がドラム２の筒壁２ａの内径寸法より僅かに小径となる寸法に設定して、螺旋翼４の外周面がドラム２の内周面との間にホタテ貝の殻の厚さより狭い間隔を形成してドラム２の内周面と対向するようにすることを特徴とする請求項１記載の養殖ホタテ貝の洗浄装置と、
ドラム２の一端側の外周面に、チエン２４を巻き付けて装着し、これと噛み合うスプロケット２５を機枠１に軸支し、そのスプロケット２５を駆動手段Ｕにより駆動して、ドラム２を駆動せしめることを特徴とする請求項１記載の養殖ホタテ貝の洗浄装置とを提起するものである。
【００１９】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に本発明の実施の態様を、図面に随い実施例について詳述する。
図６は、本発明手段を実施せる養殖ホタテ貝の洗浄装置Ａの側面図、図７は同上の平面図、図８は同上の縦断側面図で、これら図において、１は機枠、２はこれに横架軸支した円筒状のドラム、４はこのドラム２の内部空間内に配位して機枠１に軸支した螺旋翼、Ｕはドラム２および螺旋翼４を駆動回転させる駆動手段、５はドラム２内に配設した散水器を示している。
【００２０】
機枠１は、船上、または陸上の所望の場所に据え付け得る適宜の形状に組み立てる。
【００２１】
図示する実施例にあっては、台枠状に組み立てて、左右の両側面と上面とに、機壁を組み付けて、前後の両面の下半側と下面側が開放する箱状に組み立ててあって、かつ、該機枠１の前後の底部には、この機枠１の内部に横架軸支する円筒状のドラム２の傾斜角度を調節するために、下方への突出長さの調節を自在にした脚注１３…が装設してあり、また、該機枠１の前面側（図において左面側）には、洗浄するホタテ貝を供給するホッパ１１を装設し、後面側には、洗浄し終えたホタテ貝を取り出す排出樋１２を装設している。
【００２２】
ドラム２は、軸方向に長い筒状に形成してあればよく、多角筒状・円筒状等の適宜の形状の筒状に形成してよいが、図示する実施例においては、鋼板よりなるリング状のフランジ２３を、軸方向に多連に並列して、これらの内周側に、ホタテ貝の殻外面から剥落させた付着生物を篩い落とす多数の篩穴２２…を開設した鋼板よりなる筒壁２ａを、円筒状に成形して嵌挿し、そのフランジ２３…に熔接してそれに補強させることで、円筒状に形成してあり、それの軸方向の両端部の外周には、リング状のガイドレールを設けて、これを、機枠１に軸支しておく転輪１０…に支架せしめることで、機枠１に対し軸線方向が横方向となる横倒しの姿勢として回転自在に軸架してある。
【００２３】
このドラム２は、軸方向の長さが約１３００ミリで、内径は約６００ミリであり胴周壁の筒壁２ａに開設した多数の篩穴２２…の口径は約６５ミリである。
【００２４】
このドラム２の内周側に配設せる螺旋翼４は、鋼板よりなる巾が約１００ミリの帯板を、図９にあるように、略３００ミリのピッチでリボンスクリュー状に螺旋に巻き、それの軸心線を通る回転軸４０から、軸方向に所定の間隔をおいて放射方向に突出させたステー４１…の各先端に、螺旋翼４の内周縁を熔接することで組み立て、その回転軸４０の前後の前端部を、機枠１の前面側および後面側で、前述のドラム２の軸心線と対応する部位に設けた軸受部材１４・１４に軸支することで、ドラム２の内部空間において回転軸４０中心に回動するよう機枠１に軸支してある。
【００２５】
この螺旋翼４は、それの外周面と前述のドラム２の筒壁２ａの内周面との間に、洗浄するホタテ貝の殻が噛み込んで貝割れを生ぜしめることがないようにするため、それの外周面とドラム２の筒壁２ａの内周面との間の間隔がホタテ貝の殻の厚さより狭くなるように、それの外径寸法をドラム２の内径寸法よりも僅かに小径となるよう設定している。この寸法は、実施例では、５９６ミリとして、内径が６００ミリのドラム２の内周面との間に２ミリ程度の間隙が形成されるようにしている。
【００２６】
機枠１に装架した駆動手段Ｕは、上述した如く、それぞれを別体に形成したドラム２と螺旋翼４とを、それぞれ独立して回転させるよう駆動させるためのもので、電動モータ、エンジン等の適宜の動力源を用いてよいが、この実施例においては、機枠１の上面側に、エンジン６０とそれにより作動する油圧ポンプ６１と、その油圧ポンプ６１から吐出して図１０の油圧回路図に示す回路を経てタンクＴに戻る油の圧力により作動する油圧モータ６２・６３と、油圧回路を制御する制御弁６４とで構成している。
【００２７】
そして、螺旋翼４にあっては、それの回転軸４０の一端側に、油圧モータ６３を直装して、直結的に油圧モータ６３により駆動するようにし、ドラム２にあっては、それの一端側の外周に、チエン２４を巻き付け、これに噛み合うスプロケット２５を、機枠１に軸支しておいて、そのスプロケット２５の軸に、別に油圧回路に接続させておく油圧モータ６２の出力軸を伝動機構を介し伝導することで駆動するようにしている。
【００２８】
この螺旋翼４およびドラム２の駆動は、電源が近くに求められる場合にあっては、電動モータを用いて行ってよく、また、油圧により駆動させる場合にあっても、据え付ける養殖ホタテ貝の洗浄装置Ａの近くに、油圧装置が有る場合にあっては、その油圧装置の油圧回路から導く圧油により駆動するようにしてよい。
【００２９】
しかして、この螺旋翼４とドラム２とを駆動手段Ｕによりそれぞれ別個に駆動するのは、養殖ホタテ貝の殻の表面に付着して生長した付着生物を剥落させる作用が、ドラム２の回転によりホタテ貝をせり上げて落下させることによるホタテ貝同志の摺擦の作動によって行われ、螺旋翼４による送り作動は洗浄に関与せずむしろ貝割れを生ぜしめる要因となっていることから、螺旋翼４の回転は抑え、ドラム２の回転を増大させるためであるから、螺旋翼４の回転速度に対しドラム２は速く回転するようにする。
【００３０】
図示する実施例の装置においては、螺旋翼４の回転速度は毎分１３回（１３ｒ．ｐ．ｍ）でドラム２の回転速度は毎分６４回（６４ｒ．ｐ．ｍ）であり、ドラム２は螺旋翼４の略５倍の速度で回転するようにしている。
【００３１】
このときの螺旋翼４およびドラム２の回転方向は、正・逆何れの方向に回転させてもよい。
【００３２】
ドラム２をそれの軸心線が、投入口２０の側から排出口２１側に向け下降傾斜する姿勢として機枠１に支架して、投入口２０からドラム２内に投入したホタテ貝が、ドラム２の回転により自然に排出口２１側に流動していくようにしておいて、螺旋翼４を排出口２１側から投入口２０側にホタテ貝を移送していくように逆回転させ、ドラム２を正・逆の何れかの方向に回転させる場合。
【００３３】
また、ドラム２は、それの軸心線が投入口２０側から排出口２１に向け上昇傾斜する姿勢として機枠１に支架して、ドラム２内に投入したホタテ貝がドラム２の回転により投入口２０側に戻るように流動していくようにしておいて、螺旋翼４を投入口２０側から排出口２１側に向けホタテ貝を移送していくように正回転させ、ドラム２を螺旋翼４と同方向の正回転、または逆方向の逆回転の何れかの方向に回転させる場合。
【００３４】
また、ドラム２は、それの軸心線が略水平になる姿勢として機枠１に支架して、ドラム２内に投入したホタテ貝が、ドラム２の回転による軸方向の流動がなくその場においてせり上がりと落下を繰り返すようにしておいて、螺旋翼４を投入口２０側から排出口２１側に向けホタテ貝を移送していくように正回転させ、ドラム２を螺旋翼４と同方向の正回転、または逆方向の逆回転の何れかの方向に回転させる場合、のように適宜に選択してよい。
【００３５】
しかし、上述の各場合において、ドラム２の回転方向は、螺旋翼４の回転方向に対し逆にしたときに、貝割れの発生を多くすることから、螺旋翼４の回転方向と同じ方向にすることが望ましい。
【００３６】
散水器５は、ドラム２内に投入したホタテ貝の洗浄作動の際に、ホタテ貝の殻の表面から剥落した付着生物およびそれの破砕片を、洗い落としてドラム２の筒壁２ａに開設した篩穴２２…からドラム２の下方に流し出す洗浄水を供給するためのもので、ドラム２内の略全域に洗浄水が供給されるようになればよく適宜に構成してよい。
【００３７】
この実施例においては、一端側がポンプＰの吐出口に接続連通するパイプ５０を、ドラム２の外周で、機枠１の内部空間における左右の肩部に位置する部位に、機枠１内を前後に貫通するようにそれぞれ配設し、そのパイプ５０の周壁に、ドラム２の外周の上面側に向けて洗浄水を噴射する透孔５１…を、そのパイプ５０の軸方向に適宜の間隔をおいて多連に開設することで構成してあり、これにより、ポンプＰからパイプ５０内に導かれる洗浄水が透孔５１…からドラム２の外周面に向けて噴射されて、ドラム２の筒壁２ａに開設してある篩穴２２…を介してドラム２内に流入し、ドラム２内の略全域に供給されて、篩穴２２からドラム２の下方に流出していくようにしている。
【００３８】
そして、洗浄水を供給するポンプＰには、この例においては、毎分１２０立の出水能力のものが使用されている。
【００３９】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明手段は、ドラム２とそれの内周側に配設する螺旋翼４とを別体に形成して、ドラム２は速く回転させ、螺旋翼４は遅く回転させるようにして、ドラム２内に供給したホタテ貝が、ドラム２の回転によるせり上げと落下の作動を多く受けるようにしているのだから、古貝を貝割れを生ぜしめずに、それの殻の外面に付着して生長した付着生物を効果的に剥落除去せしめ得るようになる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】養殖したホタテ貝の稚貝を吊縄に耳吊りする説明図である。
【図２】取吊りしたホタテ貝を海中に設置した垂下式養殖施設に吊り下げた状態の説明図である。
【図３】従前の養殖ホタテ貝の洗浄装置の縦断側面図である。
【図４】同上の縦断正面図である。
【図５】同上の縦断後面図である。
【図６】本発明手段を実施せる養殖ホタテ貝の一部破断した側面図である。
【図７】同上の平面図である。
【図８】同上の一部破断した後面図である。
【図９】同上の螺旋翼の斜視図である。
【図１０】駆動手段の油圧回路の展開図である。
【符号の説明】
Ａ…洗浄装置、Ｐ…ポンプ、Ｕ…駆動手段、Ｍ…駆動モータ、ａ…殻、ｂ…アゲピン、ｃ…吊り縄、１…機枠、１０…転輪、１１…ホッパ、１２…排出樋、１３…脚注、１４…軸受部材、２…ドラム、２ａ…筒壁、２０…投入口、２１…排出口、２２…篩穴、２３…フランジ、２４…チエン、２５…スプロケット、３０…伝導輪、３１…伝動ベルト、４…螺旋翼、４０…回転軸、４１…ステー、５…散水器、５０…パイプ、５１…透孔、６０…エンジン、６１…油圧ポンプ、６２・６３…油圧モータ、６４…制御弁。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of shipping cultured scallop shells, in which, during shipment of cultured scallop shells, other shells attached to the surface of the scallop shell during the culturing period are peeled off, and the scallop shell to be shipped is peeled off. The present invention relates to an apparatus for cleaning cultured scallop, which cleans the surface so that there is no organism attached to other shellfish.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In scallop cultivation, larvae are usually spawned and hatched in the spring, and the larvae are bred in the breeding basket in the middle of the year. Attach Agepin b as shown in Fig. 1, attach the Agepin b to the hanging rope c in multiple stages and connect them by ear hanging, and hang them underwater as shown in Fig. 2 and cultivate them. Harvest and ship as. Shellfish that are not shipped as new shellfish are washed in the fall with their ears suspended in the sea, using a washing machine mounted on the ship to peel off attached parasites such as other shellfish attached to the shell surface. It will be bred again in the sea and shipped as old shells the following year.
[0003]
The scallops cleaning apparatus targeted in the present invention is a washing and an old shell (2 to 3 years old shellfish) which are performed when an annual shellfish is shipped as a new shellfish to peel off and remove attached organisms attached to the outer surface of the shell. ) Is a cleaning device used for cleaning to peel off and remove attached organisms attached to the outer surface of the shell when shipping the shell.
[0004]
The applicant of the present invention is a cleaning apparatus for cultured scallop used for peeling off attached organisms of other shells that adhere to the outer surface of the shell when shipping the cultured scallop. There is a scallop cleaning device filed as Kaihei 2001-16217.
[0005]
As shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, this scallops cleaning device is provided with a machine frame 1 formed so as to be able to be installed and installed at a desired place on a ship or land, and a cylinder formed in a drum shape elongated in the axial direction. The drum 2 is supported on a rolling wheel 10 provided on the machine frame 1 so that the axis of the drum 2 can freely rotate in a slightly inclined posture descending toward one end side, and the outer surface of the machine frame 1 The output shaft of the drive motor M to be assembled is transmitted through the conduction wheel 30 and the transmission belt 31, and the drum 2 is driven by the drive motor M so that the drum 2 is centered on the axis of the drum 2 as shown by an arrow in FIG. To rotate in the direction.
[0006]
The cylindrical drum 2 has an opening on the inclined lower side of the axis of the drum 2 as an input port 20 for the scallop shell, and the scallop shell on the front side (left side in FIG. 5) of the machine frame 1 facing the opening. The hopper 11 for supply is fixedly mounted, and scallop to be fed into the hopper 11 is supplied to the internal space of the cylindrical drum 2 from an input port 20 formed by an open port on one end side of the cylindrical drum 2. To be done.
[0007]
The cylindrical drum 2 has a cylindrical wall 2a formed in the shape of a large number of perforated plates having a large number of sieve holes 22 for leaking attached organisms that peel off from the surface of the scallops. On the inner surface, a spiral wing 4 serving as a conveyor for transporting the scallops fed into the drum 2 to the discharge port 21 is fixedly mounted. The spiral blade 4 rotates together with the cylindrical drum 2 when the cylindrical drum 2 is driven and rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow, so that the cylindrical drum 2 The scallops put into the internal space are wound in a direction in which the scallops are conveyed toward the discharge port 21 formed by the open end at the other end of the cylindrical drum 2.
[0008]
A discharge gutter 12 for guiding and discharging the scallops conveyed by the spiral blades 4 is disposed on the outer surface side of the discharge port 21 and is fixedly attached to the rear surface side of the machine frame 1. In addition, a water sprinkler 5 connected to the discharge port of the pump is arranged and fixedly supported on the machine frame 1 at a position near the upper side of the internal space of the cylindrical drum 2, and In a state where the cylindrical drum 2 is driven to rotate and the washing water is supplied from the water sprinkler 5, the scallop is supplied from the hopper 11 so that the scallop becomes cylindrical inside the cylindrical drum 2. The rotation of the drum 2 causes it to be lifted and dropped on the inner surface of the cylindrical wall 2a of the drum 2 and to be sent to the discharge port 21 side by the spiral wing 4 while repeating the operation of sliding. Scallop shell rubbed The attached organisms that are growing on the surface are detached, and the detached organisms together with the washing water leak from a large number of sieve holes 22 provided in the cylindrical wall 2a of the cylindrical drum 2 to form shells. The scallops washed with the attached organisms peeled off from the outer surface are discharged from the discharge port 21.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The above-mentioned conventional scallops cleaning equipment is very effective when washing new yearly mussels, and most of the creatures attached to the surface of shells that are growing on the surface of the shells are peeled off. -Although removal can be performed, when targeting old shells of shellfish for 2-3 years, scallop shells due to the fact that attached organisms attached to old shells grow over time and grow, and maturation by growth Since the adhesion of the husk to the shell has become strong, there is a problem that the attached organisms remain without being peeled off, and the cleaning effect is significantly reduced.
[0010]
In addition, by increasing the supply amount of scallops and increasing the amount of scallops staying inside the cylindrical drum 2 to increase the friction between the scallops, the scouring effect of the scallops is increased. The more shells that crack the shells, the other problem arises that reduces the yield.
[0011]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the conventional means, and a washing method for peeling off attached organisms attached to the shell surface of the old shell of the shellfish for 2 to 3 years is performed by the shellfish. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new cultured scallop cleaning apparatus capable of effectively performing cracking.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Thus, the present invention has been made based on knowledge obtained through various trials in order to achieve the above-described object.
[0013]
That is, in the means for washing cultured scallop using the cylindrical drum 2 provided with the spiral wings 4 on the inner wall surface of the above-mentioned cylindrical wall 2a, the scallop stays in the internal space of the cylindrical drum 2 in order to improve the washing effect. It has been found that increasing the amount of scallops to be made causes more cracks in the shellfish due to the increased contact pressure between the scallops, and the amount of scallops supplied by the three-year scallop Without increasing the diameter, the drum 2 is formed in the shape of a rectangular tube whose cylindrical wall 2a is hexagonal or octagonal to improve the lifting of the scallops by the inner surface of the cylindrical wall 2a when the drum 2 rotates. A test was performed in comparison with the cylindrical drum 2 of the current machine (current machine), and the results were given to four judges, and the judgment criteria were set to the following [a: well washed] [b: slightly washed [C: not washed] judged as three ranks a to c It was allowed to,
[Table 1]

Thus, it was found that even if the drum 2 was formed in the shape of a rectangular tube and the rotation of the drum 2 improved the efficiency of raising the scallops, the washing effect could not be obtained.
[0014]
From this, when the projecting height of the spiral blade 4 mounted on the inner wall surface of the drum 2 from the inner surface of the drum is changed to high, medium (current), and low, the drum 2 is moved from the inlet 20 side. When the inclination angle supported on the machine frame 1 as an ascending gradient toward the discharge port 21 is changed between a high angle, a current angle, and a low angle, and the rotation speed of the drum 2 is changed to high, medium (current), and low. An experiment was conducted for the case where the values were changed to and the results were determined by the four judges in the same manner as described above. The results were as shown in Tables 2, 3, and 4 below. In all cases, it has been found that the cleaning effect is the same as the current one and the effect cannot be improved, and that the feeding operation of the spiral blade 4 is hardly involved in cleaning the scallops.
[Table 2]

[Table 3]

[Table 4]

[0015]
Therefore, the idea of improvement based on the current conventional machine is changed, and the cylindrical drum 2 and the spiral blade 4 provided on the inner peripheral side thereof are formed separately, and each is independently rotated. So that it can be driven and rotated in both forward and reverse directions, and the spiral wings 4 for the three-year old shellfish are scalloped. When the drum 2 is rotated in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the spiral blade 4 in a state where the drum 2 is rotated in the transport direction in which the drum 2 is transported toward the discharge port 21, the spiral blade 4 is rotated quickly, and the drum 2 is rotated slowly. An experiment was conducted for the case where the rotation speed of the spiral blade 4 was reduced and the rotation speed of the drum 2 was increased, and the results were similarly determined by four judges. -The results shown in Tables 6 and 7 were obtained.
[Table 5]

[Table 6]

[Table 7]

[0016]
From the results of this experiment, the spiral wing 4 hardly participates in the cleaning action of peeling and removing the attached organisms on the surface of the scallop shell, and the cleaning action is caused by the rotation of the scallops by the rotation of the drum 2 in the rotation direction. It is performed by rubbing the shells of the scallops when they are lifted and falling, and the more the action of the lifting and falling, the better the cleaning effect and the rotation of the spiral blade 4 It has been found that sufficient washing can be obtained when the feeding is made slow and the stirring by the drum 2 is increased.
[0017]
In view of this, in the means of the present invention, as described in claim 1, a large number of sieve holes 22 are formed in the machine frame 1 in the cylindrical wall 2a as means for achieving the above object. A spiral in which the drum 2 is rotatably supported in a sideways posture, and a band plate is formed into a ribbon screw shape in the internal space of the drum 2 and supported by stays 41 projecting radially from the rotating shaft 40. The blade 4 is arranged, and the shaft end of the rotating shaft 40 is supported on a bearing member 14 provided on the machine frame 1 to rotatably support the machine frame 1. Cultivated scallops cleaning device, wherein each of the drums 2 is driven by a driving means U separately so that the drum 2 rotates at a higher rotation speed than the spiral blade 4.
[0018]
At the same time, the drum 2 and the spiral wings 4 arranged in the internal space of the drum 2 are supported on the machine frame 1 in a substantially horizontal posture, and the spiral wings 4 are rotated to rotate the scallops in the drum 2. 2. The apparatus for cleaning cultured scallop according to claim 1, wherein the drum 2 is driven and rotated at a low speed in a forward rotation direction in which the drum 2 is transferred from the input port 20 side to the discharge port 21 side. When,
The drum 2 and the spiral wings 4 arranged in the internal space thereof are supported on the machine frame 1 in a substantially horizontal posture, and the spiral wings 4 rotate the scallop shell in the drum 2 from the input port 20 side. 2. The aquaculture according to claim 1, wherein the drum 2 is driven and rotated at a low speed in a forward rotation direction to be transferred to the discharge port 21 side, and the drum 2 is driven and rotated at a high speed in a rotation direction and a circumferential direction of the spiral blade 4. Scallop cleaning equipment,
The spiral blade 4 which is arranged in the internal space of the drum 2 and is mounted on the machine frame 1 is set so that the outer diameter thereof is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical wall 2 a of the drum 2. 2. The outer peripheral surface of the drum 2 is formed so as to face the inner peripheral surface of the drum 2 by forming an interval smaller than the thickness of the scallop shell between the outer peripheral surface of the drum 2 and the inner peripheral surface of the drum 2. Cultured scallops cleaning equipment,
A chain 24 is wound around and mounted on the outer peripheral surface at one end of the drum 2, and a sprocket 25 meshing with the chain is pivotally supported on the machine frame 1, and the sprocket 25 is driven by driving means U to drive the drum 2. An apparatus for washing cultured scallop according to claim 1, characterized in that:
[0019]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 6 is a side view of a cultured scallop cleaning apparatus A for implementing the means of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a plan view of the same, and FIG. 8 is a vertical side view of the same. A cylindrical drum 4 is supported by a horizontal shaft, 4 is a spiral blade arranged in the internal space of the drum 2 and supported by the machine frame 1, and U is a driving means for driving and rotating the drum 2 and the spiral blade 4.

Numerals

5 and 5 indicate water sprinklers arranged in the drum 2.
[0020]
The machine frame 1 is assembled into an appropriate shape that can be installed on a desired place on a ship or on land.
[0021]
In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the frame is assembled into a frame shape, the machine walls are assembled to both the left and right sides and the upper surface, and the lower and upper surfaces of the front and rear surfaces are assembled in a box shape in which the lower surface is open. In addition, the bottom of the front and rear of the machine frame 1 can be freely adjusted in a downwardly protruding length in order to adjust the inclination angle of the cylindrical drum 2 which is supported horizontally in the machine frame 1. A hopper 11 for supplying scallops to be washed is provided on the front side (the left side in the figure) of the machine frame 1, and a cleaning hopper 11 is provided on the rear side. A discharge gutter 12 for taking out the finished scallops is provided.
[0022]
The drum 2 only needs to be formed in a cylindrical shape that is long in the axial direction, and may be formed in a cylindrical shape having an appropriate shape such as a polygonal cylindrical shape or a cylindrical shape. In the illustrated embodiment, a ring made of a steel plate is used. A cylindrical tube made of a steel plate having a plurality of flange-like flanges 23 arranged in a row in the axial direction, and having a large number of sieve holes 22 on the inner peripheral side thereof for sieving off attached organisms peeled off from the outer surface of the scallop shell. The wall 2a is formed into a cylindrical shape, fitted and inserted therein, welded to the flanges 23, and reinforced therewith, thereby forming a cylindrical shape. A guide rail is provided, and the guide rail is supported on rolling wheels 10 that are supported by the machine frame 1. The guide rail is rotatably mounted on the machine frame 1 in a sideways posture in which the axial direction is horizontal. It is.
[0023]
The drum 2 has an axial length of about 1300 mm, an inner diameter of about 600 mm, and a large number of sieve holes 22 formed in the cylindrical wall 2a of the trunk wall having a diameter of about 65 mm.
[0024]
The spiral blades 4 arranged on the inner peripheral side of the drum 2 spirally wind a strip made of a steel plate and having a width of about 100 mm into a ribbon screw at a pitch of about 300 mm as shown in FIG. Assembled by welding the inner peripheral edge of the spiral blade 4 to each tip of stays 41 projecting radially at predetermined intervals in the axial direction from the rotating shaft 40 passing through the axis of the rotating shaft 40, and rotating the shaft 41. The front end of the front and rear ends of the shaft 40 are supported by bearing members 14 provided on the front side and the rear side of the machine frame 1 at positions corresponding to the axis of the drum 2, thereby enabling the drum 2 to be supported. It is pivotally supported by the machine frame 1 so as to rotate about the rotation shaft 40 in the internal space.
[0025]
The spiral blade 4 prevents the scalloped shell to be cleaned from biting between the outer peripheral surface of the spiral blade 4 and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical wall 2a of the drum 2 to cause shell cracking. Its outer diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the drum 2 so that the distance between its outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical wall 2a of the drum 2 is smaller than the thickness of the scallop shell. It is set to be. This dimension is set to 596 mm in the embodiment, and a gap of about 2 mm is formed between the drum 2 and the inner peripheral surface of the drum 2 having an inner diameter of 600 mm.
[0026]
The driving means U mounted on the machine frame 1 drives the drum 2 and the spiral blade 4 formed separately from each other so as to rotate independently, as described above. In this embodiment, an engine 60, a hydraulic pump 61 operated by the engine and a hydraulic pump 61 discharged from the hydraulic pump 61 are disposed on the upper surface side of the machine frame 1 in FIG. It is composed of

hydraulic motors

62 and 63 operated by the pressure of oil returning to the tank T via the circuit shown in the circuit diagram, and a control valve 64 for controlling the hydraulic circuit.
[0027]
In the case of the spiral blade 4, a hydraulic motor 63 is directly mounted on one end side of the rotary shaft 40, and is directly driven by the hydraulic motor 63. A chain 24 is wound around the outer periphery at one end side, and a sprocket 25 meshing with the chain 24 is supported on the machine frame 1, and the output shaft of a hydraulic motor 62 that is separately connected to a shaft of the sprocket 25 to a hydraulic circuit. Is driven by transmitting the power through a transmission mechanism.
[0028]
The driving of the spiral blades 4 and the drum 2 may be performed by using an electric motor when a power source is required nearby, and even when driven by hydraulic pressure, washing of the cultivated scallops to be installed is performed. When there is a hydraulic device near the device A, the hydraulic device may be driven by pressure oil guided from a hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic device.
[0029]
The reason why the spiral wing 4 and the drum 2 are separately driven by the driving means U is that the action of detaching the attached organisms that have adhered to the surface of the shell of the cultured scallop is caused by the rotation of the drum 2. The scallop is rubbed by raising and dropping the scallop, and the feed operation by the spiral blade 4 is not involved in the cleaning, but rather causes a shell crack. Since the rotation of the drum 4 is suppressed and the rotation of the drum 2 is increased, the drum 2 rotates faster than the rotation speed of the spiral blade 4.
[0030]
In the illustrated embodiment, the rotation speed of the spiral blade 4 is 13 revolutions per minute (13 rpm), the rotation speed of the drum 2 is 64 revolutions per minute (64 rpm), Rotates at a speed approximately five times that of the spiral blade 4.
[0031]
The rotation direction of the spiral blade 4 and the drum 2 at this time may be rotated in either forward or reverse directions.
[0032]
The drum 2 is supported on the machine frame 1 in such a manner that the axis of the drum 2 is inclined downward from the input port 20 toward the discharge port 21, and the scallops thrown into the drum 2 from the input port 20 are replaced with drums. 2, the spiral blade 4 is rotated in the reverse direction so that the scallop is transferred from the discharge port 21 side to the input port 20 side. To rotate in either forward or reverse direction.
[0033]
Further, the drum 2 is supported on the machine frame 1 in such a manner that its axis is inclined upward from the input port 20 toward the discharge port 21, and the scallops input into the drum 2 are input by rotation of the drum 2. The spiral wing 4 is rotated forward so that the scallop is transferred from the inlet 20 to the outlet 21, and the drum 2 is rotated forward. When rotating in either the forward direction in the same direction as 4 or the reverse direction in the reverse direction.
[0034]
In addition, the drum 2 is supported on the machine frame 1 so that the axis of the drum 2 is substantially horizontal, and the scallop put into the drum 2 does not flow in the axial direction due to the rotation of the drum 2, and the drum 2 is placed there. The spiral blade 4 is rotated in the same direction as the spiral blade 4 in the same direction as the spiral blade 4 in such a manner that the spiral blade 4 is repeatedly rotated so as to transfer the scallops from the inlet 20 to the outlet 21. In the case of rotating in either the forward rotation or the reverse rotation in the reverse direction, an appropriate selection may be made as described above.
[0035]
However, in each case described above, the rotation direction of the drum 2 is set to be the same as the rotation direction of the spiral blade 4 because the occurrence of shell cracking increases when the rotation direction of the drum 2 is reversed with respect to the rotation direction of the spiral blade 4. It is desirable.
[0036]
The sprinkler 5 is a sieve provided on the cylindrical wall 2a of the drum 2 by washing off the attached organisms and crushed pieces peeled off from the surface of the scallop shell during the washing operation of the scallop put into the drum 2. The cleaning water is supplied from the holes 22 to the lower side of the drum 2 and may be appropriately configured as long as the cleaning water is supplied to substantially the entire area of the drum 2.
[0037]
In this embodiment, a pipe 50 having one end connected to the discharge port of the pump P is connected to the outer periphery of the drum 2 at a position located on the left and right shoulders in the internal space of the machine frame 1, and the front and back of the machine frame 1 Are provided on the peripheral wall of the pipe 50, and through holes 51 for injecting washing water toward the upper surface side of the outer periphery of the drum 2 are provided at appropriate intervals in the axial direction of the pipe 50. The washing water guided from the pump P into the pipe 50 is injected from the through holes 51 toward the outer peripheral surface of the drum 2, and the cylindrical wall of the drum 2 is formed. The liquid flows into the drum 2 through the sieve holes 22... Formed in the hole 2 a, is supplied to substantially the entire area of the drum 2, and flows out of the drum 2 from the sieve hole 22.
[0038]
In this example, the pump P that supplies the washing water has a water discharge capacity of 120 cubic meters per minute.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the drum 2 and the spiral blade 4 disposed on the inner peripheral side of the drum 2 are formed separately, so that the drum 2 rotates faster and the spiral blade 4 rotates slowly. Then, the scallops supplied into the drum 2 are subjected to a lot of lifting and dropping operations due to the rotation of the drum 2, so that the old shell does not crack and the outer surface of its shell It is possible to effectively remove and remove attached organisms that have adhered to and grow on the soil.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of hanging cultured scallop larvae on a hanging rope.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a state in which a suspended scallops are suspended in a hanging culture facility installed in the sea.
FIG. 3 is a vertical side view of a conventional cultured scallops cleaning device.
FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional front view of the same.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal rear view of the above.
FIG. 6 is a partially broken side view of a cultured scallop for carrying out the means of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the same.
FIG. 8 is a rear view of the above-mentioned partly broken part.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the spiral wing.
FIG. 10 is a development view of a hydraulic circuit of the driving means.
[Explanation of symbols]
A: Cleaning device, P: Pump, U: Drive means, M: Drive motor, a: Shell, b: Age pin, c: Hanging rope, 1: Machine frame, 10: Wheel, 11: Hopper, 12: Discharge gutter , 13 footnote, 14 bearing member, 2 drum, 2a cylinder wall, 20 inlet, 21 outlet, 22 sieve hole, 23 flange, 24 chain, 25 sprocket, 30 conduction wheel , 31: transmission belt, 4: spiral blade, 40: rotary shaft, 41: stay, 5: water sprinkler, 50: pipe, 51: through hole, 60: engine, 61: hydraulic pump, 62, 63: hydraulic motor, 64 Control valve.

Claims

A drum 2 having a large number of sieve holes 22 formed in a cylindrical wall 2a is rotatably supported on a machine frame 1 in a sideways posture, and a belt plate is formed into a ribbon screw shape in the internal space of the drum 2. The helical wings 4 supported on stays 41 projecting radially from the rotating shaft 40 are arranged, and the shaft ends of the rotating shafts 40 are supported on bearing members 14 provided on the machine frame 1. The drum 2 and the spiral blade 4 are rotatably supported on the machine frame 1, and the drum 2 and the spiral blade 4 are separately driven by the driving means U, and are driven so that the drum 2 rotates at a higher rotation speed than the spiral blade 4. Aquaculture scallops cleaning equipment.

The drum 2 and the spiral blades 4 arranged in the internal space thereof are mounted on the machine frame 1 in a substantially horizontal posture, and the spiral blades 4 are rotated to discharge the scallops in the drum 2 from the input port 20 side. The apparatus for cleaning cultured scallops according to claim 1, wherein the drum 2 is driven to rotate at a low speed in the direction of forward rotation to be transferred to the outlet 21 side, and the drum 2 is driven to rotate at a high speed.

The drum 2 and the spiral blade 4 arranged in the internal space of the drum 2 are pivotally supported on the machine frame 1 in a substantially horizontal posture, and the spiral blade 4 is rotated so that the scallops in the drum 2 are fed from the input port 20 side. 2. The aquaculture according to claim 1, wherein the drum is driven and rotated at a low speed in a forward rotation direction to be transferred to the discharge port, and the drum is driven and rotated at a high speed in a rotation direction and a circumferential direction of the spiral blade. Scallops cleaning equipment.

The spiral blades 4 arranged in the internal space of the drum 2 and mounted on the machine frame 1 are set to have dimensions such that the outer diameter thereof is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical wall 2 a of the drum 2. 2. The outer peripheral surface of the drum 2 is formed so as to face the inner peripheral surface of the drum 2 by forming an interval smaller than the thickness of the scallop shell between the outer peripheral surface of the drum 2 and the inner peripheral surface of the drum 2. Washing equipment for cultured scallops.

A chain 24 is wound around and attached to the outer peripheral surface on one end side of the drum 2, and a sprocket 25 meshing with the chain is pivotally supported on the machine frame 1, and the sprocket 25 is driven by the driving means U to drive the drum 2. The cultured scallop cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: