JP2004322120A - Continuous casting method of steel - Google Patents

Continuous casting method of steel Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004322120A
JP2004322120A JP2003117340A JP2003117340A JP2004322120A JP 2004322120 A JP2004322120 A JP 2004322120A JP 2003117340 A JP2003117340 A JP 2003117340A JP 2003117340 A JP2003117340 A JP 2003117340A JP 2004322120 A JP2004322120 A JP 2004322120A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
magnetic field
mold
continuous casting
molten steel
steel
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JP2003117340A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4539024B2 (en
Inventor
Yuji Miki
祐司 三木
Hideji Takeuchi
秀次 竹内
Akira Yamauchi
章 山内
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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Priority to JP2003117340A priority Critical patent/JP4539024B2/en
Priority to DE602004005978T priority patent/DE602004005978T2/en
Priority to KR1020057019223A priority patent/KR100764945B1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2004/000864 priority patent/WO2004091829A1/en
Priority to US10/552,414 priority patent/US7448431B2/en
Priority to EP04706310A priority patent/EP1623777B1/en
Publication of JP2004322120A publication Critical patent/JP2004322120A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To manufacture high quality metallic products by casting slabs having less surface defects and inner inclusions, in continuous casting without blowing inert gases from a nozzle for feeding molten steel to a casting mold. <P>SOLUTION: Three or more electromagnets (28) are arranged in the major side direction of a casting mold 10 and then, a magnetic field generated by adjacent coils 24 is essentially reversed. As a result, molten steel is actuated by a vibrating electromagnetic field in which a phase is essentially reversed. Also, a stationary magnetic field is superimposed in the thickness direction of the casting mold by a DC coil 34. Thus, in performing continuous casting while fluidity is locally excited, the maximum Lorentz's force driven by the magnetic field is made not less than 5,000 (N/m<SP>3</SP>) and not more than 13,000 (N/m<SP>3</SP>). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、鋼の連続鋳造方法に係り、特に、磁界印加による鋳型内溶鋼流動を改善する際に適用して好適な、鋼の連続鋳造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、自動車用鋼板を中心として、鋼製品の品質向上要求が厳しくなり、スラブ段階から清浄度の優れた高品質のスラブの要求が高まっている。スラブの欠陥には、介在物や気泡に起因するものや、溶鋼中の成分の偏析に起因するものがあり、鋳型内の溶鋼流動は、これらと深い関係があるため、従来より多くの研究、発明がなされてきた。その一つとして、磁界を用いた鋳型内流動制御方法が考えられている。
【0003】
例えば、(A)移動磁界に直流磁界を重畳したものとして、鋳型長辺を挟み対向する上下2段の磁極を鋳型長辺背面に配置し、(1)下側に配置した磁極に直流静磁界と交流移動磁界とが重畳された磁界とする、あるいは、(2)上側に配置した磁極に直流静磁界と交流移動磁界とが重畳された磁界とし、下側に配置した磁極に直流静磁界を印加する鋳型内溶鋼流動の制御方法が開示されている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
【0004】
又、複数個設置した電気コイルに適当なリニア駆動用交流電流と制動用直流電流を流すことにより、鋳型内溶鋼流動を制御する装置が開示されている(例えば、特許文献2参照)。
【0005】
又、位相が120度ずつずれた交流移動磁界と直流静磁界とを重畳する鋳型内流動制御方法が開示されている(例えば、特許文献3参照)。
【0006】
又、浸漬ノズル吐出孔の上方に置いた磁石により、幅方向全域に静磁界と高周波磁界を重畳して作用させると共に、吐出孔の下方に置いた磁石により、静磁界を作用させる鋼の鋳造方法が開示されている(例えば、特許文献4参照)。
【0007】
(B)上部直流磁界と下部移動磁界を組合せたものとして、浸漬ノズルから吐出された溶鋼流を包囲する位置に静磁場をかけ、流速を低下させると共に、静磁場よりも下流位置に電磁撹拌装置を設置して水平方向に撹拌する電磁撹拌方法が開示されている(例えば、特許文献5参照)。
【0008】
(C)上部移動磁界と下部直流磁界を組合わせたものとして、湯面から吐出孔(下向き50度以上)の間に極芯中心を設置した磁石により移動磁界を作用させると共に、極芯中心を浸漬ノズルより下部に設置した磁石により静磁場を作用させる鋳造方法が開示されている(例えば、特許文献6参照)。
【0009】
又、浸漬ノズル下端よりも上部に電磁撹拌用磁石を設置し、浸漬ノズル下端よりも下部に移動磁界と静磁界が印加できる磁石を設置し、鋼種や鋳造速度に応じて静磁場と移動磁場を使い分ける鋳造方法が開示されている(例えば、特許文献7参照)。
【0010】
又、浸漬ノズル内にArガスを吹き込みながら鋼を鋳造する時に、浸漬ノズルから出た直後の溶鋼流に磁束密度が0.1テスラ以上の静磁場を作用させ、その上部で電磁撹拌装置により連続的に撹拌、あるいは、撹拌方向を周期的に変化させる方法が開示されている(例えば、特許文献8参照)。
【0011】
又、鋳型長辺側に鋳型内に供給される溶鋼電流を制御するように配された静磁場を有し、上方に移動磁界発生装置を配して、溶鋼上表面を水平断面中央から短辺側へ流動させる鋳型及び鋳型上方の構造が開示されている(例えば、特許文献9参照)。
【0012】
又、モールド上部に、溶鋼に水平流動を生じさせる電磁撹拌装置、モールド下部に、浸漬ノズルからの吐出流を減速するための電磁ブレーキを設置して、浸漬ノズルから出る吐出流を制御する技術が開示されている(例えば、特許文献10参照)。
【0013】
又、連続鋳型内の溶鋼湯面に静磁場を用い、連鋳用ノズルとしてストレートノズルを使用し、吐出口部に進行磁場を用い、その下部に静磁場を用いる鋳型内溶鋼流動制御技術が開示されている(例えば、特許文献11参照)。
【0014】
(D)直流磁界を単独で印加するものとして、鋳型長辺側に対向して設置した、長辺とほぼ同じ長さの電磁石により静磁場を作用させる電磁ブレーキが開示されている(例えば、特許文献12参照)。
【0015】
又、鋳型幅中央ないし鋳型短辺より内側の所定位置から両端部近傍にかけて、鋳型上方側へ曲げるか傾斜させた磁極を、幅中央部で浸漬ノズル吐出孔より下部に設置し、直流磁場あるいは低周波交流磁場を作用させることによって鋳型内の溶鋼流動を制御する方法が開示されている(例えば、特許文献13参照)。
【0016】
又、鋳型全幅にわたって、ほぼ均一な磁束密度分布を有する直流磁場を、鋳型厚み方向に加えて、浸漬ノズルからの吐出流を制御することにより、メニスカス流速を0.20〜0.40m/sに制御する技術が開示されている(例えば、特許文献14参照)。
【0017】
又、鋳片幅全体に鋳型厚み方向の均一な静磁界を、浸漬ノズル吐出孔の上部、下部に作用させ、溶鋼吐出流に効果的な制動力を与え、流れを均一化する技術が開示されている(例えば、特許文献15参照)。
【0018】
(E)直流磁界又は移動磁界を印加するものとして、浸漬ノズル吐出孔の下部に設けた複数のコイルに直流電流を流すことにより静磁界を印加したり、交流電流を流すことにより移動磁界を印加したりすることにより溶鋼流動を制御する鋳造方法が開示されている(例えば、特許文献16参照)。
【0019】
又、浸漬ノズルからの吐出流に交流移動磁場を作用させることにより、吐出溶鋼流を制動(EMLS)したり、加速(EMLA)したりする技術が開示されている(例えば、非特許文献1参照)。
【0020】
(F)移動磁界のみを印加するものとして、電磁誘導によって鋳型内の溶鋼流動を制御する際に、周波数1〜15Hzの静止交流磁場を溶鋼に印加する技術が開示されている(例えば、特許文献17参照)。
【0021】
又、スラブ連鋳機において、電磁撹拌により鋳型壁に沿った水平方向の溶鋼旋回流を得る技術(M−EMS)が開示されている(例えば、非特許文献2参照)。
【0022】
しかしながら前記各特許文献や非特許文献に記載された技術では、モールドパウダーを巻き込んだり、又、凝固界面への介在物、気泡の捕捉を防止できず、鋳片の表面品質が充分に向上しないという問題があった。
【0023】
(G)振動磁界のみを印加するものとして、時間的に移動しない低周波交流静止磁界を付与し、凝固直前に低周波電磁振動を励起させることによって、凝固前面の柱状デンドライトを破断させ、溶融金属中に浮遊させて、凝固組織の微細化、中心偏析の低減を目指す方法が開示されているが、鋳片の表面欠陥を低減する効果は小さい(例えば、特許文献18参照)。
【0024】
【特許文献1】
特開平10−305353号公報
【特許文献2】
特許第3067916号明細書
【特許文献3】
特開平5−154623号公報
【特許文献4】
特開平6−190520号公報
【特許文献5】
特開昭61−193755号公報
【特許文献6】
特開平6−226409号公報
【特許文献7】
特開平9−262651号公報
【特許文献8】
特開2000−271710号公報
【特許文献9】
特開昭61−140355号公報
【特許文献10】
特開昭63−119959号公報
【特許文献11】
特許第2856960号明細書
【特許文献12】
特開平3−258442号公報
【特許文献13】
特開平8−19841号公報
【特許文献14】
国際公開特許WO95/26243号公報
【特許文献15】
特開平2−284750号公報
【特許文献16】
特開平9−262650号公報
【特許文献17】
特開平8−19840号公報
【特許文献18】
特許第2917223号明細書
【非特許文献1】
「材料とプロセス」vol.3(1990)第256頁
【非特許文献2】
「鉄と鋼」66(1980)第797頁
【0025】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
近年の表面品質ニーズの高まり、コストダウン等の要求から、更なる鋳片表面や内部の品質改善技術が望まれており、より効果的な鋳型内流動の制御が必要となっている。
【0026】
本発明は、前記従来の問題点を解決するべくなされたもので、モールドフラックスの巻き込みを抑制し、鋳片の内部品質を向上させると共に、介在物、気泡の凝固核への捕捉を抑制して、鋳片の表面品質を向上できる、鋼の連続鋳造方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0027】
【発明を解決するための手段】
本発明は、連続鋳造用鋳型に供給される溶鋼を連続的に鋳造する鋼の連続鋳造方法において、鋳型内の溶鋼を電磁攪拌する際に、磁場によって駆動されるローレンツ力の最大値を5000(N/m)以上、13000(N/m)以下にすることにより、前記課題を解決したものである。
【0028】
本発明は、又、連続鋳造用鋳型に供給される溶鋼を連続的に鋳造する鋼の連続鋳造方法において、鋳型内の溶鋼を電磁攪拌する際に、鋳型内の溶鋼流速をV(m/s)、磁場によって駆動されるローレンツ力の最大値をFmax(N/m)とするとき、V×Fmaxが3000(N/(s・m))以上になるようにすることにより、同様に前記課題を解決したものである。
【0029】
又、前記鋳型内の溶鋼を電磁攪拌するに当り、前記連続鋳造用鋳型の鋳型長辺方向に3個以上の電磁石を配置し、隣り同士のコイルで発生する磁場を実質反転させることで、溶鋼に位相が実質反転する振動電磁界を作用させ、局所的な流動を誘起させるようにしたものである。
【0030】
又、前記隣り同士のコイルで発生する磁場を、隣り同士のコイルに位相が実質的に逆の交流電流を通電するか、あるいは、コイルの巻き線方向を逆にして同位相の交流電流を通電することで、実質反転させるようにしたものである。
【0031】
又、最大の交流磁界の磁束密度を1000ガウス未満とするか、及び/又は、振動磁界の周波数を1Hzから8Hzとしたものである。
【0032】
又、前記鋳型内の溶鋼を電磁攪拌するに当り、前記連続鋳造用鋳型の鋳型長辺方向に3個以上の電磁石を配置し、これら電磁石により振動磁界を発生させながら、該振動磁界のピーク位置を鋳型長辺方向に沿って局所的に移動させるようにしたものである。
【0033】
又、その際、3個以上の隣り合うコイルの位相が、n、2n、nあるいはn、3n、2nの配列部分(但し、3相交流でn=60°又は120°、2相交流でn=90°)を持つようにしたものである。
【0034】
又、前記鋳型内の溶鋼を電磁攪拌するに当り、前記連続鋳造用鋳型の鋳型長辺方向に3個以上の電磁石を配置し、これら電磁石により移動磁界を発生させるようにしたものである。
【0035】
又、前記振動磁界又は移動磁界に、鋳型の厚み方向に静磁界を重畳するようにしたものである。
【0036】
本願第1の発明においては、連続鋳造時に鋳型内の溶鋼を電磁攪拌する際に、磁場によって駆動されるローレンツ力の最大値を5000(N/m)以上、13000(N/m)以下にする。
【0037】
本願第2の発明においては、連続鋳造時に、鋳型内の溶鋼流速をV(m/s)、磁場によって駆動されるローレンツ力の最大値をFmax(N/m)とするとき、V×Fmaxが3000(N/(s・m))以上になるようにする。
【0038】
第1と第2のいずれの発明においても、更に、製造される鋳片の内部欠陥や表面欠陥を低減するためには、鋳型の厚み方向の流速分布を規定し、厚み中央付近では流速を小さくしてモールドフラックスの巻き込みを抑えつつ、鋳型壁面に近い凝固界面の溶鋼に局所的な流動を与えて、気泡、介在物の捕捉を防止することが有効であると考えられる。
【0039】
このための方法として、交流磁場の印加方法を工夫することが重要であり、モデル実験及びシミュレーション計算を実施した結果、以下の結論に至った。
【0040】
1.特許文献4に示されるような、厚み方向の磁場では、交流電流の表皮効果を利用して、凝固界面あるいは溶鋼表面にローレンツ力を集中させていたが、これだけでは、効率的に凝固界面のみにローレンツ力を集中できず、凝固界面にローレンツ力を集中させるためには、磁力線分布を制御する必要がある。
【0041】
2.このための方法として、幅方向に交互に位相が反転する電磁石を配置して、交番させることが効果的である。厚み方向に磁界を振動させる場合には、電磁力を鋳型壁面、即ち、凝固界面に集中することができなくなるため、幅方向に磁界を振動させる必要がある。ここで、交互の電磁石に通電する電流の位相は実質反転する必要があり、そのためには、位相は130°以上異なることが必要である。
【0042】
3.このためのコイル構造としては、図1に例示する如く、幅方向に3つ以上の磁極を有する櫛歯状鉄芯22にコイルを巻き、且つ、隣り同士の電流の位相を実質反転させることで、幅方向の磁界を振動させることができる。図において、10は鋳型、12は浸漬ノズル、14は溶鋼(斜線部は低速領域)である。
【0043】
4.この際の交流電流の周波数は、低すぎると十分な流動が励起されず、高すぎると、溶鋼が電磁場に追随しなくなるので、1Hzから8Hzの範囲が適当である。
【0044】
5.このような電磁石を用いることで、凝固前面から溶湯(溶鋼)を引き離す方向の流動を誘起させることができ、且つ、励起される流速が小さいので、デンドライトを破断することなく、凝固界面の洗浄効果が得られた。図2(正面図)、図3(図2のIII−III線に沿う水平断図面)、図4(図2のIV−IV線に沿う垂直断面図)に、磁極28の数が4個の場合について、本発明の振動磁界で誘起される溶湯流動を、電磁場解析と流動解析によって計算した例をもとにして、模式的に示した。
【0045】
本発明では、図5に示す如く、次式に示すローレンツ力Fに応じて発生する流れの向きは同じで、流速vのみ印加電流Iの半分の周期で変動する。
【0046】
F∝J×B …(1)
ここで、Jは誘導電流、Bは磁場である。
【0047】
6.コイルの巻き方向を逆にすれば、電流の位相が同じでも、磁場の位相を反転することができる。
【0048】
7.特許文献18には、時間的に移動しない低周波交流静止磁界を付与し、凝固前面に低周波電磁振動を励起させることによって、凝固前面の柱状デンドライトを破断させ、溶融金属中に浮遊させて、凝固組織の微細化、中心偏析の低減を目指す方法が開示されているが、デンドライトが破断するような大きな電磁力を付与すると、溶湯上面のモールドフラックスを巻き込んで、表面品質を劣化させてしまう。よって、交流振動磁界の磁束密度は1000ガウス未満が望ましい。なお、コイル配置によっては、1000ガウス以上でもデンドライトが破断しないようにできる場合がある。
【0049】
8.更に、特許文献18の方法では、デンドライトの破断が起こって、柱状晶組織から等軸晶組織に変化してしまう。極低炭素鋼などでは、柱状晶組織のみの方が、圧延時に、集合組織として制御し易くなるため、等軸晶化することで、結晶方位を揃え難くなるという問題がある。このため、電磁力によって、凝固前面のデンドライトが破断しないことが重要である。
【0050】
以上の知見から、鋳型長辺方向に磁界を振動させることによって、鋳片の厚み、鋳造方向の流動を誘起させ、気泡や介在物を凝固界面から引き離すような流動を与えることによって、気泡や介在物の捕捉を防止することが効果的であるという結論に至った。
【0051】
本発明によって、凝固界面のみを効率的に振動させて、気泡、介在物の捕捉を抑制できるので、鋳片の表面品質を大幅に向上させることができる。
【0052】
更に、鋳片品質の向上を図るべく、モデル実験及びシミュレーション計算を実施した結果、前記振動磁界を鋳型内溶鋼に作用させると共に、鋳型の厚み方向に静磁界を重畳することも有効であるという知見が得られた。
【0053】
9.このためのコイル構造としては、図6に例示する如く、前記図1に例示したものに、更に直流コイル34を追加したものを挙げることができる。
【0054】
10.このように、直流コイル34を設けて、静磁界を重畳させることにより、F=J×B(ここにF:ローレンツ力、J:誘導電流、B:磁場)の磁場B項が大きくなるために、ローレンツ力Fを増加させることができるが、更に、ローレンツ力の向きが、重畳しない場合と大きく異なり、流動も変化して、幅方向及び鋳造方向の流動が大きくなるので、凝固界面に捕捉される気泡、介在物の洗浄効果が期待できる。
【0055】
11.又、重畳することにより、厚み中央での流速を低減でき、モールドフラックスの巻き込みも更に有効に防止できる。
【0056】
図7(正面図)、図8(図7のIII−III線に沿う水平断面図)、図9(図7のIV−IV線に沿う垂直断面図)に、磁極28の数が4個の場合について、本発明の振動磁界で誘起される、ある時点の溶湯流動を、電磁場解析と流動解析によって計算した例をもとにして、模式的に示す。又、図10(正面図)、図11(図10のVI−VI線に沿う水平断面図)、図12(図10のVII−VII線に沿う垂直断面図)に、次の時点の溶湯流動を模式的に示す。
【0057】
本発明では、図13に示す如く、次式に示すローレンツ力Fに応じて発生する流れの向きが、印加電流Iと同じ周期で反転する。
【0058】
F∝J×Bt …(2)
Bt=Bdc+Bac>0 …(3)
ここで、Jは誘導電流、Btは合計磁場、Bdcは直流磁場、Bacは交流磁場である。
【0059】
この場合も、磁界を振動させるための交流電流の周波数は、前記4.項に記載したと同様に1Hzから8Hzの範囲が適当である。又、前記6.項〜8.項等の記載内容も該当する。
【0060】
以上の知見から、鋳型長辺方向に磁界を振動させつつ、厚み方向に直流磁界を印加することにより、鋳型長辺方向及び鋳造方向に従来と大きく異なる流動を誘起させ、凝固界面のみを効率的に振動させて、気泡、介在物の捕捉を抑制し、鋳片の表面品質を大幅に向上させることができる。
【0061】
更に、交流磁場の印加態様を工夫するべく、モデル実験及びシミュレーション計算を実施した結果、以下の結論が得られた。
【0062】
12.移動磁界によるマクロ流動は、凝固界面の気泡・介在物の捕捉を抑制するため、移動磁界の印加も有効である。
【0063】
13.時として、位置が固定された振動磁界によっては、気泡・介在物の捕捉を十分に抑制できない部分が生じる場合がある。
【0064】
14.この場合には、振動磁界によるローレンツ力のピーク位置を移動させることが効果的である。
【0065】
15.ローレンツ力のピーク位置を移動させるには、隣り合う3つのコイル、あるいは、コイル群の位相を、真中のコイルの位相を最後とするように設定するとよい。ここで、振動磁界とは、時間と共にローレンツ力の向きが反転する磁場をいう。
【0066】
以下、上記15.項について説明する。前記図6と構造が実質的に同一の図14に示すような、櫛歯状のコイル24の各コイル(後述する図20に示す)に振動磁界を与え、各コイル毎に位相を変化させる。図15〜図18は、このような各コイル毎に付与する位相の説明図である。図中の振動磁界発生用コイル24a、24bの各コイルの横に付してある数字は、ある時刻におけるそのコイルの電流の位相角(度)を記入したものである。図15〜図17は2相交流の場合図18は3相交流の場合で、図15は移動磁界、図16は前記図6の場合と同様の振動磁界、図17、図18は振動磁界のピーク位置を局所的に移動させる場合の例を示した。
【0067】
図17、図18に示すように、連続鋳造用鋳型の鋳型長辺幅方向に3個以上の電磁石を並べ、隣り合う電磁石に通電する電流の位相が、一方向に増加、あるいは、減少することなく、少なくとも真中の位相が両側の位相よりも遅れるように設定することによって、磁界は単に一方向に移動するのではなく、振動しながら局所的に移動することになる。
【0068】
以上のように、3個以上の隣り合うコイルの位相が、n、2n、nあるいはn、3n、2n(但し、nは2相交流で90°、3相交流で60°又は120°)の配列部分をもたせることによって、振動磁界のピーク位置を局所的に移動させることができる。
【0069】
ここで、単純に振動磁界を誘起させた場合には、振動磁界の振幅が大きいところと小さいところができる。このピーク位置を局所的に移動させることによって、全ての位置で、凝固界面を洗浄することが可能となる。
【0070】
なお、ここで、コイルの櫛歯数が12本の例を示したが、櫛歯数は4、6、8、10、12、16本などから選ぶことができ、又、交流は2相、3相のいずれでもよい。
【0071】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を参照して、本発明の第1実施形態を詳細に説明する。
【0072】
この第1実施形態においては、鋳型内の溶鋼を電磁攪拌する際に、磁場によって駆動されるローレンツ力の最大値を5000(N/m)以上、13000(N/m)以下にする。
【0073】
本発明の実施に好適な、鋼の連続鋳造設備の一例を、水平断面の模式図で図19に示す。図において、10が鋳型、12が浸漬ノズル、20が振動磁界発生装置、22が櫛歯状鉄芯、24がコイル、26a、26bが交流電源、28が磁極、30が静磁界発生装置である。
【0074】
本発明では、相対する長辺と短辺からなる鋳型10内の溶鋼に、磁界を印加しながら連続鋳造する。印加する磁界は、鋳型の長辺方向に振動する磁界(以下、振動磁界ともいう)と厚み方向の静磁界とする。印加する振動磁界は、鋳型の長辺方向を印加方向とする交流磁界で、その向きを周期的に反転させ、溶鋼のマクロ的流動を誘起することのない磁界である。
【0075】
振動磁界は、例えば、図19に示すような振動磁界発生装置20を使用して、発生させることができる。図19に示す振動磁界発生装置20では、鋳型の長辺方向に3個以上(図では12個)の櫛歯を有する櫛歯状鉄芯22を用いて、これら櫛歯にコイル24を配設して磁極28とする。磁極28は、隣接する磁極同士が互いに異なる極性(N、S極)を有するように、コイルの巻き方及びコイルに流す交流電流を調整する。隣接する磁極同士が互いに異なる極性(N、S極)とするためには、隣接する磁極同士のコイルの巻き方を反対方向としコイルに流す電流を同位相で所定の周波数を有する交流電流とするか、あるいは隣接する磁極同士のコイルの巻き方を同方向としコイルに流す電流を隣接する磁極同士で位相がずれた、所定の周波数を有する交流電流とするのが好ましい。隣接する磁極に流す交流の位相のずれは、実質的に位相が反転する、130°以上230°以下とするのが好ましい。
【0076】
なお、交流電流の所定の周波数としては、1〜8Hzとするのが好ましく、より好ましくは3〜6Hzである。図19に示す例は、隣接する磁極で、コイルの巻き方を同方向としてコイルに流す交流電流を位相が異なる(実質的に位相が反転する)ものとする場合であるが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
【0077】
本発明では、隣接する磁極同士が互いに異なる極性を有するため、隣接する磁極間で溶鋼に作用する電磁力とその隣りの磁極間で溶鋼に作用する電磁力とは、その向きがほぼ反対となり、溶鋼のマクロな流動が誘起されることはない。又、本発明では、コイルに流す電流を交流電流とするため、各磁極の極性が所定の周期で反転し、鋳型の長辺幅方向で凝固界面近傍の溶鋼に振動を誘起させることができる。これにより、凝固界面への介在物、気泡の捕捉を抑制することができ、鋳片の表面品質を顕著に向上させることができる。
【0078】
コイルに流す交流電流の周波数が1Hz未満では、低すぎて十分な流動が誘起されない。一方、8Hzを超えると、溶鋼が振動磁界に追従しなくなり、磁界印加の効果が少なくなる。このため、コイルに流す交流電流の周波数を1〜8Hzとし、振動磁界の振動周期を1/8〜1sとするのが好ましい。
【0079】
なお、本発明では、印加する振動磁界の磁束密度は1000ガウス未満とするのが好ましい。磁束密度が1000以上になると、デンドライトを破断するだけでなく、湯面変動が大きくなり、モールドフラックスの巻き込みを助長するという問題がある。
【0080】
又、本発明では、上記した振動磁界の印加に加えて、静磁界を印加する。静磁界は、図19に示すように、鋳型10の長辺側に静磁界発生装置30を設置し、鋳型の短辺方向(鋳型の厚さ方向)の向きに印加する。
【0081】
鋳型の厚さ方向に静磁界を印加することにより、鋳型中央部付近の溶鋼流速を減少させることができ、モールドフラックスの巻き込みを防止できる。なお、振動磁界の印加に静磁界の印加を、重畳させることにより、F=J×BにおけるB項を大きくできるため、更にローレンツ力を増加させることができるという効果もある。
【0082】
又、本発明では、印加する静磁界の磁束密度は200ガウス以上3000ガウス以下とするのが好ましい。磁束密度が200ガウス未満では溶鋼流速の低減効果が少なく、また3000ガウスを超えると制動が大きすぎて不均一凝固を引き起こすという問題がある。
【0083】
図19は、鋳型10の長辺側に、振動磁界発生装置20と、静磁界発生装置30とを配設した例を示す。静磁界発生装置30は、鋳型の長辺側に鋳型を挟んで一対の磁極を配し、流す電流を直流電流として直流電源32からコイル34に流し、鋳型の厚さ方向に静磁界を印加する。静磁界発生装置30と振動磁界発生装置20の設置位置は、垂直方向で同じ位置としても、又、異ならせてもいずれでもよい。
【0084】
次に、移動磁界の場合と、振動磁界のピーク位置を鋳型長辺方向に沿って局所的に移動させる場合を詳細に説明する。
【0085】
前記図14は鋼の連続鋳造用鋳型10の平面図及び交流電磁石(コイル)24、直流電磁石(コイル)34の配列例を示したものである。
【0086】
鋳型10には、上方のタンディッシュの底部に連結されている連続鋳造用浸漬ノズル12が浸漬され、溶鋼14を供給する。連続鋳造用鋳型10の長辺に沿って、前記図19と同様に、12枚の櫛歯状の交流電磁石(コイル)24が配設され、その外側に直流コイル34が配設されている。12個のコイル24にはそれぞれ振動磁界を発生する振動電流が供給され、その振動電流のピーク値は、鋳型長辺幅方向に沿って移動するように印加される。このピーク値の移動は、隣り合うコイルの位相がn、2n、n又はn、3n、2nの配列部分をもつように印加することにより実現される。
【0087】
図15〜図18は、ある瞬間におけるコイル24a、24bをそれぞれ構成する12個の各コイルにおける振動磁界の位相の分布を数字(位相角の値)で記載して示したものである。振動磁界のピーク位置は鋳型10の長辺に沿う方向に順次移動する。
【0088】
図15には隣接コイルの位相差が90°で、対向するコイル24a、24bで180°異なる2相交流の移動磁界が示されている。図16には隣接コイルの位相差が180°で、対向するコイル24a、24bで同位相の2相交流の振動磁界が印加されている。図17には隣接コイルの位相差が90°で、対向するコイル24a、24bで180°異なる半波整流2相交流が印加されている。図18には隣接コイルとの位相差が120°、対向するコイルで60°異なる半波整流3相交流が印加されている。
【0089】
ここで、図20には、図15の移動磁界について、電流の位相角の経時的な変化を交流コイル24aの各コイルに対応させて示す。最上段T1の位相角は図15と同じであり、下方に向かって時間が経過している。又、図21、図22には、それぞれ図17、図18の振動磁界のピーク位置の局所移動について同様の経時変化を示す。
【0090】
以上のようにして振動磁界のピーク位置を局所的に移動させることによって、凝固界面のみを効率的に振動させて、気泡・介在物の捕捉を抑制できるので、鋳片の表面品質を大幅に向上させることができる。
【0091】
(実施例)
次に、実施例に基づき、本発明について、更に詳細に説明する。
【0092】
約300トンの溶鋼を転炉で溶製し、RH処理によって極低炭素鋼のAlキルド鋼とし、連続鋳造機でスラブを鋳造した。代表的な溶鋼成分を表1に示す。
【0093】
【表1】

Figure 2004322120
【0094】
なお、スラブの幅は1500〜1700mm、厚みは220mm、溶鋼のスループット量は4〜5トン/分の範囲とした。
【0095】
又、コイル構造として、前記図6、図14等に示した如く、幅方向に12等分した櫛歯状の鉄芯を用い、幅方向に位相が変化する磁場を発生するように配置した。
【0096】
以上の方法でスラブを連続鋳造することにより得られた、本発明(第1の発明)の根拠となった、欠陥混入率、ブローホール、ノロカミの検査結果を図23、図24、図25に示す。図中、「振動ピーク位置局所移動」は図17、図18に、「振動磁界」は図6、図16に、それぞれ特徴を示したコイル24により、鋳型内溶鋼に磁界を印加した場合に当る。
【0097】
ここで、図中の欠陥混入率は、冷延後の製品コイル全長を分母に、気泡、介在物起因の表面欠陥1つを1mとみなして分子とし、その比率を%で表わす値である。また、ブローホールおよびノロカミは、鋳造、切断後の鋳片の表面を約2mm溶削した後鋳片表面に現れた穴を、内部が空洞の場合にブローホール、モールドフラックスが充鎮されていた痕跡がある場合にノロカミとしてそれぞれ計数し、その数値を調査鋳片表面積で除した値である。
【0098】
図23〜図25は、いずれも横軸が凝固界面に働くローレンツ力の最大値Fmaxである。
【0099】
図26に交流コイル24と、モールド鋼板で示す鋳型10の内壁に付着した溶鋼の凝固界面との関係を模式的に示すように、コイル24に流れる電流が変化すると、凝固界面の溶鋼にローレンツ力Fが作用する。
【0100】
このローレンツ力Fは、図6、図19に示したような振動磁界に直流磁界を重畳する場合であると、前記(2)、(3)式で与えられ、Bdcは時間平均した力には影響しないが、時間変動する力はBが大きくなる分だけ大きくなる。このローレンツ力Fの変化を、電流変化を位相で表わして、横軸が鋳型10の幅に相当する図27に示すように、各コイル毎に周期的に変動する。
【0101】
上記振動磁界の場合、ローレンツ力の最大値(ピーク)Fmax(N/m)と、その時間平均値Fave(N/m)は、数値計算結果を回帰して得られた次式で与えられる。
Figure 2004322120
【0102】
図15の移動磁界、図17又は図18の振動移動(振動磁界のピーク位置の局所的移動)の場合も、同様に下式で与えられる。
Figure 2004322120
【0103】
前記図23〜図25の各データは、実際に連続鋳造した際に上記各式により計算されたローレンツ力の最大値Fmaxと各検査結果とを対応させて示したものである。
【0104】
図23から、欠陥混入率は、Fmaxが5000(N/m)以上、13000(N/m)以下が有効であることが分かる。図24、図25でも、Fmaxが5000(N/m)以上が有効であることが分かる。
【0105】
なお、参考のために、図28〜図30にFaveと関係を示したように、このFaveは連続鋳造する際の指標には適切ではないが、Fmaxが指標として有効であることが分かる。
【0106】
次に、本発明の第2実施形態を詳細に説明する。
【0107】
この第2実施形態においては、鋳型内の溶鋼流速をV(m/s)、磁場によって駆動されるローレンツ力の最大値をFmax(N/m)とするとき、V×Fmaxが3000(N/(s・m))以上、6000(N/S・m)以下になるようにする。
【0108】
なお、流速は実測値であるが、測定が困難な場合には発明者が実験によって得た回帰式
Figure 2004322120
で代用してもよい。但し、LSEN:ノズル浸漬深さ[mm]、Q:溶鋼注入速度[t/min]、θ:浸漬ノズル溶鋼吐出角度[°]、qAr:ノズル吹き込みガス流量[l/min]、W:鋳型幅[mm]である。
【0109】
第1実施形態の実施例の場合と同様に連続鋳造した結果に基づいて、欠陥混入率と磁界による溶鋼の流速の関係を図31に示す。又、欠陥混入率とローレンツ力の最大値Fmaxとの関係は、前記図23に示してある。又、これらの結果を、更に詳細に検討した結果、図32に示すように、溶鋼流速VとFmaxに関して、V×Fmaxが3000以上であるようにすることが、欠陥混入率を低減する上で有効であることが明らかになった。又、6000を超えても効果が変わらないことも分った。
【0110】
なお、前記説明においては、極数が12極の櫛歯状の鉄芯が用いられていたが、磁極数や鉄芯の形状はこれに限定されず、例えば鉄芯が分割されていてもかまわない。又、静磁界を重畳する場合に限定されず、例えば図19から直流コイル34を除いた設備を使用するようにしてもよい。
【0111】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、捕捉される気泡、非金属介在物及び鋳片表面偏析、モールドフラックス起因の表面欠陥や内部介在物起因の内部欠陥の少ない鋳片を鋳造でき、高品質の金属製品の製造が可能になる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明で用いられる電磁石と鋳型の組合せの一例を模式的に示す水平断面図
【図2】図1における電磁攪拌の原理を説明するための、磁場で誘起される溶湯流動の速度ベクトルの電磁場解析と流動解析による計算結果を模式的に示す正面図
【図3】図2のIII−III線に沿う水平断面図
【図4】図2のIV−IV線に沿う垂直断面図
【図5】振動磁界を発生させる際の印加電流と溶鋼流速の時間的な変化状態の例を示す線図
【図6】本発明で用いられる電磁石と鋳型の組合せの他の一例を模式的に示す水平断面図
【図7】図6における電磁攪拌の原理を説明するための、磁場で誘起される、ある時点の溶湯流動の速度ベクトルの電磁場解析と流動解析による計算結果を模式的に示す正面図
【図8】図7のIII−III線に沿う水平断面図
【図9】図7のIV−IV線に沿う垂直断面図
【図10】図6における電磁攪拌の原理を説明するための、磁場で誘起される、磁極が反転した次の時点の溶湯流動の速度ベクトルの電磁場解析と流動解析による計算結果を模式的に示す正面図
【図11】図10のVI−VI線に沿う水平断面図
【図12】図10のVII−VII線に沿う垂直断面図
【図13】振動磁界を発生させる際の印加電流と溶鋼流速の時間的な変化状態を示す線図
【図14】本発明で用いられるコイルと鋳型の関係を示した平面模式図
【図15】移動磁界の場合のコイルの位相を示した模式図
【図16】振動磁界の場合のコイルの位相を示した模式図
【図17】振動磁界のピーク位置を局所的に移動させる場合のコイルの位相を示した模式図
【図18】振動磁界のピーク位置を局所的に移動させる場合のコイルの位相を示した他の模式図
【図19】実施形態に用いられる一つの連続鋳造設備を模式的に示す水平断面図
【図20】移動磁界を発生させる電流の位相の経時変化を示す説明図
【図21】振動磁界のピーク位置を局所移動させる電流の位相の経時変化を示す説明図
【図22】振動磁界のピーク位置を局所移動させる電流の位相の経時変化を示す他の説明図
【図23】ローレンツ力の最大値Fmaxと欠陥混入率の関係を示すグラフ
【図24】ローレンツ力の最大値Fmaxとブローホール個数密度の関係を示すグラフ
【図25】ローレンツ力の最大値Fmaxとノロカミ個数密度の関係を示すグラフ
【図26】凝固界面に作用するローレンツ力を示す模式的な斜視図
【図27】ローレンツ力と電流の関係を示す線図
【図28】ローレンツ力の平均値Faveと欠陥混入率の関係を示すグラフ
【図29】ローレンツ力の平均値Faveとブローホール個数密度の関係を示すグラフ
【図30】ローレンツ力の平均値Faveとノロカミ個数密度の関係を示すグラフ
【図31】溶鋼流速Vと欠陥混入率の関係を示すグラフ
【図32】V×Fmaxと欠陥混入率の関係を示すグラフ
【符号の説明】
10…鋳型
12…浸漬ノズル
20…振動磁界発生装置
22…櫛歯状鉄芯
24…コイル
26a、26b…交流電源
28…磁極
30…静磁界発生装置
32…直流電流
34…直流コイル[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a continuous casting method for steel, and more particularly to a continuous casting method for steel that is suitably applied when improving the flow of molten steel in a mold by applying a magnetic field.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the demands for improving the quality of steel products centering on steel plates for automobiles have become strict, and the demand for high-quality slabs having excellent cleanliness from the slab stage has been increasing. There are defects in slabs due to inclusions and bubbles and those due to segregation of components in the molten steel.Molten steel flow in the mold has a deep relationship with these, so more research than before, The invention has been made. As one of them, a flow control method in a mold using a magnetic field has been considered.
[0003]
For example, (A) assuming that a DC magnetic field is superimposed on a moving magnetic field, two upper and lower magnetic poles opposed to each other across the long side of the mold are arranged on the back of the long side of the mold, and (1) a DC static magnetic field Or (2) a magnetic field in which a DC static magnetic field and an AC moving magnetic field are superimposed on a magnetic pole arranged on the upper side, and a DC static magnetic field is applied on a magnetic pole arranged in a lower side. A method for controlling the flow of molten steel in a mold to be applied is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0004]
Further, there is disclosed a device for controlling the flow of molten steel in a mold by supplying an appropriate linear drive AC current and braking DC current to a plurality of installed electric coils (for example, see Patent Document 2).
[0005]
Also, a flow control method in a mold in which an AC moving magnetic field and a DC static magnetic field whose phases are shifted by 120 degrees is superimposed has been disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 3).
[0006]
Also, a method of casting steel in which a static magnetic field and a high-frequency magnetic field are superimposed and act on the entire width direction by a magnet placed above the discharge hole of the immersion nozzle, and a static magnetic field is actuated by a magnet placed below the discharge hole. Is disclosed (for example, refer to Patent Document 4).
[0007]
(B) As a combination of an upper DC magnetic field and a lower moving magnetic field, a static magnetic field is applied to a position surrounding the molten steel flow discharged from the immersion nozzle to reduce the flow velocity, and an electromagnetic stirrer is provided downstream of the static magnetic field. There is disclosed an electromagnetic stirring method in which a stirrer is installed and stirring is performed in a horizontal direction (for example, see Patent Document 5).
[0008]
(C) Assuming a combination of an upper moving magnetic field and a lower DC magnetic field, a moving magnetic field is acted on by a magnet having a pole center located between the molten metal surface and a discharge hole (downward of 50 degrees or more), and the pole center is moved. A casting method in which a static magnetic field is applied by a magnet provided below a submerged nozzle is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 6).
[0009]
In addition, a magnet for electromagnetic stirring is installed above the lower end of the immersion nozzle, a magnet that can apply a moving magnetic field and a static magnetic field is installed below the lower end of the immersion nozzle, and the static magnetic field and the moving magnetic field are set according to the steel type and casting speed. A casting method to be properly used is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 7).
[0010]
Also, when casting steel while blowing Ar gas into the immersion nozzle, a static magnetic field with a magnetic flux density of 0.1 Tesla or more is applied to the molten steel flow immediately after exiting from the immersion nozzle, and a continuous magnetic stirrer is used above the molten steel flow. A method of periodically stirring or periodically changing the stirring direction is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 8).
[0011]
In addition, the long side of the mold has a static magnetic field arranged to control the current of the molten steel supplied into the mold, and a moving magnetic field generator is arranged above, so that the upper surface of the molten steel is short-sided from the center of the horizontal cross section. A mold flowing to the side and a structure above the mold are disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 9).
[0012]
In addition, there is a technology to control the discharge flow from the immersion nozzle by installing an electromagnetic stirring device at the top of the mold to generate a horizontal flow in the molten steel and installing an electromagnetic brake at the bottom of the mold to reduce the discharge flow from the immersion nozzle. It is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 10).
[0013]
Also disclosed is a flow control technology of molten steel in a mold that uses a static magnetic field on the surface of molten steel in a continuous mold, uses a straight nozzle as a nozzle for continuous casting, uses a traveling magnetic field in the discharge port, and uses a static magnetic field in the lower part. (For example, see Patent Document 11).
[0014]
(D) An electromagnetic brake that applies a DC magnetic field independently and that applies a static magnetic field by an electromagnet that is installed to face the long side of the mold and that is approximately the same length as the long side is disclosed (for example, Patent Reference 12).
[0015]
Also, a magnetic pole bent or inclined upward from the center of the mold or from the predetermined position inside the mold short side to the vicinity of both ends is installed below the immersion nozzle discharge hole at the center of the mold, and a DC magnetic field or low magnetic field is applied. A method of controlling the flow of molten steel in a mold by applying a high-frequency alternating magnetic field has been disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 13).
[0016]
Further, by applying a DC magnetic field having a substantially uniform magnetic flux density distribution over the entire width of the mold in the thickness direction of the mold and controlling the discharge flow from the immersion nozzle, the meniscus flow rate is reduced to 0.20 to 0.40 m / s. A control technique is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 14).
[0017]
Also disclosed is a technique in which a uniform static magnetic field in the thickness direction of the mold is applied to the upper and lower portions of the immersion nozzle discharge hole over the entire slab width to give an effective braking force to the molten steel discharge flow and to make the flow uniform. (For example, see Patent Document 15).
[0018]
(E) As a means for applying a DC magnetic field or a moving magnetic field, a static magnetic field is applied by flowing a DC current to a plurality of coils provided below a discharge port of an immersion nozzle, or a moving magnetic field is applied by flowing an AC current. For example, a casting method that controls the flow of molten steel is disclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 16).
[0019]
Further, there is disclosed a technique of braking (EMLS) or accelerating (EMLA) a discharge molten steel flow by applying an AC moving magnetic field to a discharge flow from an immersion nozzle (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1). ).
[0020]
(F) A technique of applying a static alternating magnetic field having a frequency of 1 to 15 Hz to molten steel when controlling the flow of molten steel in a mold by electromagnetic induction, assuming that only a moving magnetic field is applied. 17).
[0021]
Further, in a continuous slab caster, a technique (M-EMS) for obtaining a swirling flow of molten steel in a horizontal direction along a mold wall by electromagnetic stirring is disclosed (for example, see Non-Patent Document 2).
[0022]
However, in the techniques described in the above-mentioned patent documents and non-patent documents, the mold powder is not involved, or inclusions on the solidification interface cannot be prevented, and the surface quality of the slab cannot be sufficiently improved. There was a problem.
[0023]
(G) Assuming that only an oscillating magnetic field is applied, a low-frequency alternating static magnetic field that does not move over time is applied to excite the low-frequency electromagnetic vibration immediately before solidification, thereby breaking columnar dendrites on the front of solidification and melting molten metal. A method is disclosed in which the material is floated inside to reduce the solidification structure and reduce central segregation, but the effect of reducing the surface defects of the cast slab is small (for example, see Patent Document 18).
[0024]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-10-305353 [Patent Document 2]
Patent No. 3067916 [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-5-154623 [Patent Document 4]
JP-A-6-190520 [Patent Document 5]
JP-A-61-193755 [Patent Document 6]
JP-A-6-226409 [Patent Document 7]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-262652 [Patent Document 8]
JP 2000-271710 A [Patent Document 9]
JP-A-61-140355 [Patent Document 10]
JP-A-63-119959 [Patent Document 11]
Patent No. 2856960 [Patent Document 12]
JP-A-3-258442 [Patent Document 13]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-19841 [Patent Document 14]
International Publication WO95 / 26243 [Patent Document 15]
JP-A-2-284750 [Patent Document 16]
JP-A-9-262650 [Patent Document 17]
JP-A-8-19840 [Patent Document 18]
Patent No. 2917223 [Non-Patent Document 1]
"Materials and Processes" vol. 3 (1990) p. 256 [Non-Patent Document 2]
"Iron and Steel", 66 (1980), p. 797
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In recent years, the need for surface quality has increased and the demand for cost reduction has been increasing, so that further techniques for improving the quality of the slab surface and inside have been desired, and more effective control of the flow in the mold has been required.
[0026]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and suppresses the entrainment of mold flux, improves the internal quality of the slab, and suppresses inclusions and trapping of air bubbles into solidification nuclei. It is an object of the present invention to provide a continuous casting method of steel capable of improving the surface quality of a slab.
[0027]
[Means for Solving the Invention]
The present invention relates to a continuous casting method for steel in which molten steel supplied to a continuous casting mold is continuously cast, and when the molten steel in the mold is electromagnetically stirred, the maximum value of the Lorentz force driven by a magnetic field is set to 5000 ( The above problem has been solved by setting the ratio to N / m 3 ) or more and 13000 (N / m 3 ) or less.
[0028]
The present invention also provides a continuous casting method for steel in which molten steel supplied to a continuous casting mold is continuously cast, when the molten steel in the mold is electromagnetically stirred, the flow rate of the molten steel in the mold is set to V (m / s). ), When the maximum value of the Lorentz force driven by the magnetic field is Fmax (N / m 3 ), by setting V × Fmax to be 3000 (N / (s · m 2 )) or more, similarly, This has solved the above-mentioned problem.
[0029]
Further, in electromagnetically stirring the molten steel in the mold, three or more electromagnets are arranged in the direction of the long side of the mold of the continuous casting mold, and the magnetic field generated by the adjacent coils is substantially inverted, thereby forming the molten steel. A local flow is induced by applying an oscillating electromagnetic field whose phase is substantially reversed.
[0030]
Further, the magnetic field generated by the adjacent coils is supplied with an AC current having substantially the opposite phase to the adjacent coils, or an AC current having the same phase is supplied by reversing the winding direction of the coils. By doing so, the structure is substantially reversed.
[0031]
Further, the magnetic flux density of the maximum AC magnetic field is less than 1000 gauss and / or the frequency of the oscillating magnetic field is 1 Hz to 8 Hz.
[0032]
Further, in electromagnetically stirring the molten steel in the mold, three or more electromagnets are arranged in the long side direction of the continuous casting mold, and while generating an oscillating magnetic field by these electromagnets, a peak position of the oscillating magnetic field is generated. Is locally moved along the long side of the mold.
[0033]
At this time, the phase of three or more adjacent coils is n, 2n, n or the array portion of n, 3n, 2n (however, n = 60 ° or 120 ° in three-phase AC, n in two-phase AC). = 90 °).
[0034]
Further, in electromagnetically stirring the molten steel in the mold, three or more electromagnets are arranged in a direction of a long side of the mold of the continuous casting mold, and a moving magnetic field is generated by these electromagnets.
[0035]
Also, a static magnetic field is superimposed on the oscillating magnetic field or the moving magnetic field in the thickness direction of the mold.
[0036]
In the first invention of the present application, the maximum value of the Lorentz force driven by the magnetic field is set to 5000 (N / m 3 ) or more and 13000 (N / m 3 ) or less when the molten steel in the mold is electromagnetically stirred during continuous casting. To
[0037]
In the second invention of the present application, at the time of continuous casting, when the molten steel flow rate in the mold is V (m / s) and the maximum value of the Lorentz force driven by the magnetic field is Fmax (N / m 3 ), V × Fmax Is 3000 (N / (s · m 2 )) or more.
[0038]
In any of the first and second inventions, in order to further reduce internal defects and surface defects of the cast slab to be produced, the flow velocity distribution in the thickness direction of the mold is defined, and the flow velocity is reduced near the center of the thickness. It is thought that it is effective to prevent entrapment of bubbles and inclusions by giving local flow to molten steel at the solidification interface near the mold wall surface while suppressing entrainment of mold flux.
[0039]
As a method for this, it is important to devise a method of applying an AC magnetic field. As a result of performing model experiments and simulation calculations, the following conclusions have been reached.
[0040]
1. In the magnetic field in the thickness direction as shown in Patent Document 4, the Lorentz force was concentrated on the solidification interface or the molten steel surface by using the skin effect of the alternating current. In order to concentrate the Lorentz force on the solidification interface because the Lorentz force cannot be concentrated, it is necessary to control the magnetic field line distribution.
[0041]
2. As a method for this, it is effective to arrange electromagnets whose phases are alternately inverted in the width direction and to alternate them. When the magnetic field is vibrated in the thickness direction, the electromagnetic force cannot be concentrated on the mold wall surface, that is, on the solidification interface. Therefore, it is necessary to vibrate the magnetic field in the width direction. Here, the phases of the currents flowing through the alternate electromagnets need to be substantially inverted, and for that purpose, the phases need to differ by 130 ° or more.
[0042]
3. As a coil structure for this purpose, as illustrated in FIG. 1, a coil is wound around a comb-shaped iron core 22 having three or more magnetic poles in the width direction, and the phases of currents adjacent to each other are substantially inverted. , The magnetic field in the width direction can be vibrated. In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a mold, 12 denotes a submerged nozzle, and 14 denotes molten steel (shaded portions are in a low speed region).
[0043]
4. If the frequency of the alternating current at this time is too low, sufficient flow is not excited, and if it is too high, the molten steel does not follow the electromagnetic field, so the range of 1 Hz to 8 Hz is appropriate.
[0044]
5. By using such an electromagnet, it is possible to induce a flow in a direction in which the molten metal (molten steel) is separated from the solidification front surface, and since the excited flow velocity is small, the effect of cleaning the solidification interface without breaking the dendrite. was gotten. 2 (front view), FIG. 3 (horizontal sectional view along the line III-III in FIG. 2), and FIG. 4 (vertical sectional view along the line IV-IV in FIG. 2) show that the number of magnetic poles 28 is four. In the case, the flow of the molten metal induced by the oscillating magnetic field of the present invention is schematically shown based on an example calculated by electromagnetic field analysis and flow analysis.
[0045]
In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, the direction of the flow generated according to the Lorentz force F shown in the following equation is the same, and only the flow velocity v fluctuates in a half cycle of the applied current I.
[0046]
F∝J × B (1)
Here, J is an induced current, and B is a magnetic field.
[0047]
6. By reversing the winding direction of the coil, the phase of the magnetic field can be reversed even if the phase of the current is the same.
[0048]
7. In Patent Document 18, a low-frequency alternating static magnetic field that does not move over time is applied, and by exciting low-frequency electromagnetic vibrations on the solidification front, the columnar dendrites on the solidification front are broken and suspended in the molten metal. Although a method aiming at miniaturization of the solidified structure and reduction of center segregation is disclosed, if a large electromagnetic force is applied to break the dendrite, the mold flux on the upper surface of the molten metal is involved, thereby deteriorating the surface quality. Therefore, the magnetic flux density of the AC oscillating magnetic field is desirably less than 1000 Gauss. Note that depending on the coil arrangement, there is a case where the dendrite can be prevented from breaking even at 1000 gauss or more.
[0049]
8. Further, in the method of Patent Document 18, the dendrite breaks and the columnar crystal structure changes to an equiaxed crystal structure. In ultra-low carbon steel and the like, since only the columnar crystal structure is easier to control as a texture during rolling, there is a problem that it is difficult to make the crystal orientation uniform by performing equiaxed crystallization. For this reason, it is important that the dendrite on the solidification front surface is not broken by the electromagnetic force.
[0050]
From the above findings, by vibrating the magnetic field in the direction of the long side of the mold, the thickness of the slab, the flow in the casting direction is induced, and the flow that separates the bubbles and inclusions from the solidification interface is given. It was concluded that preventing trapping was effective.
[0051]
According to the present invention, only the solidification interface can be efficiently vibrated to suppress the capture of bubbles and inclusions, so that the surface quality of the slab can be significantly improved.
[0052]
Furthermore, as a result of performing model experiments and simulation calculations to improve the quality of the slab, it was found that it is also effective to apply the oscillating magnetic field to the molten steel in the mold and to superimpose a static magnetic field in the thickness direction of the mold. was gotten.
[0053]
9. As a coil structure for this purpose, as shown in FIG. 6, a coil structure in which a DC coil 34 is further added to the structure shown in FIG.
[0054]
10. Thus, by providing the DC coil 34 and superimposing the static magnetic field, the magnetic field B term of F = J × B (where F: Lorentz force, J: induced current, B: magnetic field) increases. The Lorentz force F can be increased, but the direction of the Lorentz force is significantly different from the case where the Lorentz force is not superimposed, the flow also changes, and the flow in the width direction and the casting direction increases. The effect of cleaning air bubbles and inclusions can be expected.
[0055]
11. In addition, by overlapping, the flow velocity at the center of the thickness can be reduced, and entrainment of the mold flux can be more effectively prevented.
[0056]
FIGS. 7 (front view), FIG. 8 (horizontal sectional view along line III-III in FIG. 7), and FIG. 9 (vertical sectional view along line IV-IV in FIG. 7) show that the number of magnetic poles 28 is four. The case is schematically shown based on an example in which the melt flow at a certain point induced by the oscillating magnetic field of the present invention is calculated by electromagnetic field analysis and flow analysis. FIG. 10 (front view), FIG. 11 (horizontal sectional view along line VI-VI in FIG. 10), and FIG. 12 (vertical sectional view along line VII-VII in FIG. 10) show the flow of molten metal at the next time point. Is schematically shown.
[0057]
In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 13, the direction of the flow generated according to the Lorentz force F shown in the following equation is reversed at the same cycle as the applied current I.
[0058]
F∝J × Bt (2)
Bt = Bdc + Bac> 0 (3)
Here, J is an induced current, Bt is a total magnetic field, Bdc is a DC magnetic field, and Bac is an AC magnetic field.
[0059]
Also in this case, the frequency of the alternating current for oscillating the magnetic field is the same as that of 4. The range of 1 Hz to 8 Hz is appropriate as described in the section. In addition, 6. Items to 8. Items described in the section also apply.
[0060]
From the above findings, applying a DC magnetic field in the thickness direction while oscillating the magnetic field in the mold long side direction, induces a flow that is significantly different from the conventional in the mold long side direction and casting direction, and efficiently only the solidification interface By vibrating the slab, the trapping of bubbles and inclusions can be suppressed, and the surface quality of the slab can be greatly improved.
[0061]
Furthermore, as a result of performing a model experiment and a simulation calculation in order to devise an application mode of the AC magnetic field, the following conclusions were obtained.
[0062]
12. Macro flow caused by the moving magnetic field suppresses the capture of bubbles and inclusions at the solidification interface, so that the application of the moving magnetic field is also effective.
[0063]
13. Occasionally, depending on the oscillating magnetic field whose position is fixed, there may be a portion where the capture of bubbles and inclusions cannot be sufficiently suppressed.
[0064]
14. In this case, it is effective to move the peak position of the Lorentz force due to the oscillating magnetic field.
[0065]
15. In order to move the peak position of the Lorentz force, the phases of three adjacent coils or a group of coils may be set so that the phase of the middle coil is the last. Here, the oscillating magnetic field refers to a magnetic field in which the direction of the Lorentz force reverses with time.
[0066]
Hereinafter, the above 15. Items will be described. As shown in FIG. 14 having substantially the same structure as that of FIG. 6, an oscillating magnetic field is applied to each coil (shown in FIG. 20 described later) of the comb-shaped coil 24 to change the phase for each coil. FIG. 15 to FIG. 18 are explanatory diagrams of the phase given to each of such coils. In the figure, the numbers attached beside the respective coils of the oscillating magnetic field generating coils 24a and 24b indicate the phase angle (degree) of the current of the coil at a certain time. 15 to 17 show the case of two-phase alternating current. FIG. 18 shows the case of three-phase alternating current. FIG. 15 shows a moving magnetic field, FIG. 16 shows the same oscillating magnetic field as in FIG. 6, and FIGS. An example in which the peak position is locally moved has been described.
[0067]
As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, three or more electromagnets are arranged in the width direction of the casting mold of the continuous casting mold, and the phase of the current supplied to adjacent electromagnets increases or decreases in one direction. Instead, by setting at least the middle phase to lag behind the phases on both sides, the magnetic field does not simply move in one direction, but moves locally while oscillating.
[0068]
As described above, the phases of three or more adjacent coils are n, 2n, n or n, 3n, 2n (where n is 90 ° for two-phase AC and 60 ° or 120 ° for three-phase AC). By providing the arrangement portion, the peak position of the oscillating magnetic field can be locally moved.
[0069]
Here, when the oscillating magnetic field is simply induced, there are places where the amplitude of the oscillating magnetic field is large and where the amplitude is small. By moving the peak position locally, the solidification interface can be cleaned at all positions.
[0070]
Although the example in which the number of comb teeth of the coil is 12 is shown here, the number of comb teeth can be selected from 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16 and the like. Any of three phases may be used.
[0071]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0072]
In the first embodiment, the maximum value of the Lorentz force driven by the magnetic field is set to 5000 (N / m 3 ) or more and 13000 (N / m 3 ) or less when the molten steel in the mold is electromagnetically stirred.
[0073]
An example of a continuous steel casting facility suitable for carrying out the present invention is shown in FIG. 19 in a schematic view of a horizontal section. In the figure, 10 is a mold, 12 is an immersion nozzle, 20 is an oscillating magnetic field generator, 22 is a comb-shaped iron core, 24 is a coil, 26a and 26b are AC power supplies, 28 is a magnetic pole, and 30 is a static magnetic field generator. .
[0074]
In the present invention, continuous casting is performed while applying a magnetic field to molten steel in the mold 10 having the opposite long side and short side. The applied magnetic field is a magnetic field oscillating in the long side direction of the mold (hereinafter also referred to as an oscillating magnetic field) and a static magnetic field in the thickness direction. The applied oscillating magnetic field is an alternating magnetic field having the long side direction of the mold as an application direction, the direction of which is periodically inverted, and is a magnetic field that does not induce macro flow of molten steel.
[0075]
The oscillating magnetic field can be generated, for example, using an oscillating magnetic field generator 20 as shown in FIG. In an oscillating magnetic field generator 20 shown in FIG. 19, a coil 24 is disposed on each of the comb teeth using a comb-shaped iron core 22 having three or more (12 in the figure) comb teeth in the long side direction of the mold. The magnetic pole 28 is obtained. The magnetic pole 28 adjusts the winding of the coil and the alternating current flowing through the coil so that adjacent magnetic poles have different polarities (N and S poles). In order to make the adjacent magnetic poles have different polarities (N and S poles), the windings of the coils of the adjacent magnetic poles are set in opposite directions, and the currents flowing through the coils are alternating currents having the same phase and a predetermined frequency. Alternatively, it is preferable that the winding of the coils of the adjacent magnetic poles be in the same direction, and the current flowing through the coils be an alternating current having a predetermined frequency and a phase shifted between the adjacent magnetic poles. It is preferable that the phase shift of the alternating current flowing between the adjacent magnetic poles is 130 ° or more and 230 ° or less, where the phase is substantially inverted.
[0076]
The predetermined frequency of the alternating current is preferably 1 to 8 Hz, and more preferably 3 to 6 Hz. The example shown in FIG. 19 is a case where adjacent magnetic poles have different phases (substantially invert the phase) of an alternating current flowing through the coil with the winding direction of the coil being the same. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
[0077]
In the present invention, since the adjacent magnetic poles have different polarities, the directions of the electromagnetic force acting on the molten steel between the adjacent magnetic poles and the electromagnetic force acting on the molten steel between the adjacent magnetic poles are substantially opposite, Macro flow of molten steel is not induced. Further, in the present invention, since the current flowing through the coil is an alternating current, the polarity of each magnetic pole is reversed at a predetermined cycle, and vibration can be induced in the molten steel near the solidification interface in the long side width direction of the mold. Thereby, trapping of inclusions and bubbles at the solidification interface can be suppressed, and the surface quality of the slab can be significantly improved.
[0078]
If the frequency of the alternating current flowing through the coil is less than 1 Hz, the flow is too low to induce a sufficient flow. On the other hand, when the frequency exceeds 8 Hz, the molten steel does not follow the oscillating magnetic field, and the effect of applying the magnetic field is reduced. For this reason, it is preferable that the frequency of the alternating current flowing through the coil be 1 to 8 Hz and the oscillation period of the oscillating magnetic field be 1/8 to 1 s.
[0079]
In the present invention, the magnetic flux density of the applied oscillating magnetic field is preferably less than 1000 gauss. When the magnetic flux density is 1000 or more, there is a problem that not only the dendrite is broken, but also the fluctuation of the molten metal surface is increased, and the entrainment of the mold flux is promoted.
[0080]
In the present invention, a static magnetic field is applied in addition to the above-described application of the oscillating magnetic field. As shown in FIG. 19, the static magnetic field is applied to the direction of the short side of the mold (the thickness direction of the mold) by installing the static magnetic field generator 30 on the long side of the mold 10.
[0081]
By applying a static magnetic field in the thickness direction of the mold, the flow velocity of molten steel near the center of the mold can be reduced, and entrainment of mold flux can be prevented. In addition, by superimposing the application of the static magnetic field on the application of the oscillating magnetic field, the B term in F = J × B can be increased, so that the Lorentz force can be further increased.
[0082]
Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that the magnetic flux density of the applied static magnetic field be 200 gauss or more and 3000 gauss or less. If the magnetic flux density is less than 200 gauss, the effect of reducing the flow rate of the molten steel is small, and if it exceeds 3000 gauss, there is a problem that braking is too large to cause uneven solidification.
[0083]
FIG. 19 shows an example in which an oscillating magnetic field generator 20 and a static magnetic field generator 30 are arranged on the long side of the mold 10. The static magnetic field generator 30 has a pair of magnetic poles disposed on the long side of the mold with the mold interposed therebetween, and allows a flowing current as a DC current to flow from the DC power supply 32 to the coil 34 to apply a static magnetic field in the thickness direction of the mold. . The installation positions of the static magnetic field generating device 30 and the oscillating magnetic field generating device 20 may be the same in the vertical direction or may be different.
[0084]
Next, the case of the moving magnetic field and the case of locally moving the peak position of the oscillating magnetic field along the long side of the mold will be described in detail.
[0085]
FIG. 14 shows a plan view of the steel continuous casting mold 10 and an arrangement example of the AC electromagnet (coil) 24 and the DC electromagnet (coil) 34.
[0086]
A continuous casting immersion nozzle 12 connected to the bottom of the upper tundish is immersed in the mold 10 to supply molten steel 14. As shown in FIG. 19, twelve comb-shaped AC electromagnets (coils) 24 are provided along the long side of the continuous casting mold 10, and a DC coil 34 is provided outside thereof. An oscillating current for generating an oscillating magnetic field is supplied to each of the twelve coils 24, and the peak value of the oscillating current is applied so as to move along the long side width direction of the mold. The movement of the peak value is realized by applying so that the phases of adjacent coils have an arrangement portion of n, 2n, n or n, 3n, 2n.
[0087]
FIGS. 15 to 18 show the distribution of the phase of the oscillating magnetic field in each of the twelve coils constituting the coils 24a and 24b at a certain moment by using numerical values (phase angle values). The peak position of the oscillating magnetic field sequentially moves in the direction along the long side of the mold 10.
[0088]
FIG. 15 shows a moving magnetic field of two-phase alternating current in which adjacent coils have a phase difference of 90 ° and opposing coils 24a and 24b have a difference of 180 °. In FIG. 16, the phase difference between the adjacent coils is 180 °, and the two-phase alternating oscillating magnetic field having the same phase is applied to the opposing coils 24a and 24b. In FIG. 17, a half-wave rectified two-phase alternating current having a phase difference of 90 ° between adjacent coils and a 180 ° difference between opposite coils 24a and 24b is applied. In FIG. 18, a half-wave rectified three-phase alternating current having a phase difference of 120 ° from an adjacent coil and a difference of 60 ° in an opposing coil is applied.
[0089]
Here, FIG. 20 shows a temporal change in the phase angle of the current corresponding to each coil of the AC coil 24a for the moving magnetic field of FIG. The phase angle of the uppermost stage T1 is the same as in FIG. 15, and the time elapses downward. FIGS. 21 and 22 show similar temporal changes in the local movement of the peak position of the oscillating magnetic field in FIGS. 17 and 18, respectively.
[0090]
By locally moving the peak position of the oscillating magnetic field as described above, only the solidification interface can be efficiently oscillated and the capture of bubbles and inclusions can be suppressed, greatly improving the surface quality of the slab. Can be done.
[0091]
(Example)
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples.
[0092]
Approximately 300 tons of molten steel was smelted in a converter, converted into an ultra-low carbon steel Al-killed steel by RH treatment, and a slab was cast by a continuous casting machine. Table 1 shows typical molten steel components.
[0093]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004322120
[0094]
The width of the slab was 1500 to 1700 mm, the thickness was 220 mm, and the throughput of molten steel was in the range of 4 to 5 ton / min.
[0095]
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 14 and the like, a comb-shaped iron core divided into 12 equal parts in the width direction was used as the coil structure, and was arranged so as to generate a magnetic field whose phase changes in the width direction.
[0096]
FIGS. 23, 24, and 25 show the inspection results of the defect mixing ratio, blowholes, and norogami, which were obtained by continuous casting of the slab by the above method, and which became the basis of the present invention (first invention). Show. 17 and FIG. 18, and “oscillating magnetic field” corresponds to the case where a magnetic field is applied to the molten steel in the mold by the coil 24 having the characteristics shown in FIGS. .
[0097]
Here, the defect mixing rate in the figure is a value expressed by%, with the total length of the product coil after cold rolling as a denominator and one surface defect caused by bubbles and inclusions as 1 m, which is defined as a numerator. In addition, blow holes and noro kami had a hole that appeared on the slab surface after about 2 mm of the slab surface after casting and cutting, and a blow hole and mold flux were filled when the inside was hollow. When there is a trace, it is counted as a norokami, and the value is a value obtained by dividing the numerical value by the surface area of the test slab.
[0098]
23 to 25, the horizontal axis represents the maximum value Fmax of the Lorentz force acting on the solidification interface.
[0099]
As schematically shown in FIG. 26, the relationship between the AC coil 24 and the solidification interface of the molten steel adhered to the inner wall of the mold 10 shown by the molded steel plate, when the current flowing through the coil 24 changes, the Lorentz force is applied to the molten steel at the solidification interface. F acts.
[0100]
The Lorentz force F is given by the above formulas (2) and (3) when a DC magnetic field is superimposed on the oscillating magnetic field as shown in FIGS. 6 and 19, and Bdc is the time-averaged force. Although there is no effect, the time-varying force increases as B increases. The change in the Lorentz force F is represented by the phase of the current change, and periodically changes for each coil as shown in FIG. 27 in which the horizontal axis corresponds to the width of the mold 10.
[0101]
In the case of the above-mentioned oscillating magnetic field, the maximum value (peak) Fmax (N / m 3 ) of the Lorentz force and the time average value Fave (N / m 3 ) are given by the following equation obtained by regressing the numerical calculation results. Can be
Figure 2004322120
[0102]
The moving magnetic field in FIG. 15 and the vibration movement (local movement of the peak position of the vibration magnetic field) in FIG. 17 or FIG. 18 are similarly given by the following equations.
Figure 2004322120
[0103]
Each of the data in FIGS. 23 to 25 shows the maximum value Fmax of the Lorentz force calculated by each of the above formulas and the results of each inspection in actual continuous casting.
[0104]
From FIG. 23, it can be seen that the defect mixing rate is effective when Fmax is 5000 (N / m 3 ) or more and 13000 (N / m 3 ) or less. 24 and 25 that Fmax of 5000 (N / m 3 ) or more is effective.
[0105]
In addition, for reference, as shown in FIGS. 28 to 30, the relationship between Fave and Fave is not appropriate as an index for continuous casting, but Fmax is effective as an index.
[0106]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0107]
In the second embodiment, when the flow rate of molten steel in the mold is V (m / s) and the maximum value of the Lorentz force driven by the magnetic field is Fmax (N / m 3 ), V × Fmax is 3000 (N / (S · m 2 )) to 6000 (N / S · m 2 ) or less.
[0108]
Note that the flow velocity is an actual measurement value, but if measurement is difficult, the inventor obtained a regression equation obtained through experiments.
Figure 2004322120
May be substituted. Here, L SEN : nozzle immersion depth [mm], Q: molten steel injection speed [t / min], θ: immersion nozzle molten steel discharge angle [°], q Ar : nozzle blowing gas flow rate [l / min], W: It is a mold width [mm].
[0109]
FIG. 31 shows the relationship between the defect mixing rate and the flow rate of the molten steel due to the magnetic field based on the result of continuous casting in the same manner as in the example of the first embodiment. The relationship between the defect mixing ratio and the maximum Lorentz force value Fmax is shown in FIG. Further, as a result of examining these results in more detail, as shown in FIG. 32, regarding the molten steel flow velocity V and Fmax, setting V × Fmax to be 3000 or more is effective in reducing the defect mixing rate. It proved to be effective. Also, it was found that the effect was not changed even if it exceeded 6000.
[0110]
In the above description, a comb-shaped iron core having 12 poles has been used, but the number of magnetic poles and the shape of the iron core are not limited to this, and for example, the iron core may be divided. Absent. Further, the present invention is not limited to the case where the static magnetic field is superimposed, and for example, equipment without the DC coil 34 in FIG. 19 may be used.
[0111]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to cast a slab having few trapped air bubbles, nonmetallic inclusions and slab surface segregation, surface defects caused by mold flux and internal defects caused by internal inclusions, and manufacture high quality metal products. Becomes possible.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a horizontal sectional view schematically showing an example of a combination of an electromagnet and a mold used in the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flow rate of a molten metal induced by a magnetic field for explaining the principle of electromagnetic stirring in FIG. FIG. 3 is a front view schematically showing a calculation result by electromagnetic field analysis and flow analysis of a vector. FIG. 3 is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken along a line III-III in FIG. 2 FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along a IV-IV line in FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a temporal change state of an applied current and a flow speed of molten steel when an oscillating magnetic field is generated. FIG. 6 schematically shows another example of a combination of an electromagnet and a mold used in the present invention. FIG. 7 is a front view schematically showing a calculation result by a magnetic field analysis and a flow analysis of a velocity vector of a molten metal flow at a certain point induced by a magnetic field for explaining the principle of electromagnetic stirring in FIG. 8 is taken along the line III-III in FIG. FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 7. FIG. 10 is a view for explaining the principle of electromagnetic stirring in FIG. FIG. 11 is a front view schematically showing the calculation results of the velocity vector of the molten metal flow by electromagnetic field analysis and flow analysis. FIG. 11 is a horizontal sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. 10. FIG. 12 is a view taken along the line VII-VII in FIG. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a temporal change state of an applied current and a flow rate of molten steel when generating an oscillating magnetic field. FIG. 14 is a schematic plan view showing a relationship between a coil and a mold used in the present invention. FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the phase of a coil in the case of a moving magnetic field. FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing the phase of a coil in the case of an oscillating magnetic field. FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the phase of a coil. FIG. 19 is another schematic diagram showing the phase of the coil when the peak position of the field is moved locally. FIG. 19 is a horizontal sectional view schematically showing one continuous casting facility used in the embodiment. FIG. 20 is a moving magnetic field. FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing a temporal change in the phase of a current that generates a shift. FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing a temporal change in the phase of a current that locally moves a peak position of an oscillating magnetic field. FIG. 23 is a graph showing the relationship between the maximum Lorentz force Fmax and the defect mixing ratio. FIG. 24 is a graph showing the relationship between the maximum Lorentz force Fmax and the number of blowholes. FIG. 25 is a graph showing the relationship between the maximum value Fmax of Lorentz force and the number density of norokami. FIG. 26 is a schematic perspective view showing Lorentz force acting on a solidification interface. FIG. 27 is Lorentz force. FIG. 28 is a graph showing the relationship between the average Lorentz force Fave and the defect mixing rate. FIG. 29 is a graph showing the relationship between the average Lorentz force Fave and the blowhole number density. Graph showing the relationship between the average value Fave of Lorentz force and the number density of norokami. FIG. 31 is a graph showing the relationship between the molten steel flow velocity V and the defect mixing ratio. FIG. 32 is a graph showing the relationship between V × Fmax and the defect mixing ratio. Description]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Mold 12 ... Immersion nozzle 20 ... Oscillating magnetic field generator 22 ... Comb-shaped iron core 24 ... Coil 26a, 26b ... AC power supply 28 ... Magnetic pole 30 ... Static magnetic field generator 32 ... DC current 34 ... DC coil

Claims (10)

連続鋳造用鋳型に供給される溶鋼を連続的に鋳造する鋼の連続鋳造方法において、
鋳型内の溶鋼を電磁攪拌する際に、磁場によって駆動されるローレンツ力の最大値を5000(N/m)以上、13000(N/m)以下にすることを特徴とする鋼の連続鋳造方法。
In a continuous casting method of steel to continuously cast molten steel supplied to a continuous casting mold,
The continuous casting of steel, wherein the maximum value of Lorentz force driven by a magnetic field is set to 5000 (N / m 3 ) or more and 13000 (N / m 3 ) or less when electromagnetically stirring molten steel in a mold. Method.
連続鋳造用鋳型に供給される溶鋼を連続的に鋳造する鋼の連続鋳造方法において、
鋳型内の溶鋼を電磁攪拌する際に、鋳型内の溶鋼流速をV(m/s)、磁場によって駆動されるローレンツ力の最大値をFmax(N/m)とするとき、V×Fmaxが3000(N/(s・m))以上になるようにすることを特徴とする鋼の連続鋳造方法。
In a continuous casting method of steel to continuously cast molten steel supplied to a continuous casting mold,
When electromagnetically stirring the molten steel in the mold, when the molten steel flow rate in the mold is V (m / s) and the maximum value of the Lorentz force driven by the magnetic field is Fmax (N / m 3 ), V × Fmax is A continuous casting method for steel, characterized in that it is 3000 (N / (s · m 2 )) or more.
前記鋳型内の溶鋼を電磁攪拌するに当り、
前記連続鋳造用鋳型の鋳型長辺方向に3個以上の電磁石を配置し、
隣り同士のコイルで発生する磁場を実質反転させることで、溶鋼に位相が実質反転する振動電磁界を作用させ、局所的な流動を誘起させることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の鋼の連続鋳造方法。
Upon electromagnetically stirring the molten steel in the mold,
Place three or more electromagnets in the mold long side direction of the continuous casting mold,
The steel according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field generated by the adjacent coils is substantially reversed to cause an oscillating electromagnetic field whose phase is substantially reversed to act on the molten steel to induce local flow. 4. Continuous casting method.
前記隣り同士のコイルで発生する磁場を、隣り同士のコイルに位相が実質的に逆の交流電流を通電するか、あるいは、コイルの巻き線方向を逆にして同位相の交流電流を通電することで、実質反転させることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の鋼の連続鋳造方法。The magnetic field generated by the adjacent coils may be supplied with an alternating current having a phase substantially opposite to the adjacent coils, or an alternating current having the same phase may be supplied by reversing the winding direction of the coils. The method for continuous casting of steel according to claim 3, wherein the method is substantially reversed. 最大の交流磁界の磁束密度が1000ガウス未満であることを特徴とする、請求項3又は4に記載の鋼の連続鋳造方法。5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the magnetic flux density of the maximum alternating magnetic field is less than 1000 gauss. 振動磁界の周波数が1Hzから8Hzであることを特徴とする、請求項3又4に記載の鋼の連続鋳造方法。5. The method for continuously casting steel according to claim 3, wherein the frequency of the oscillating magnetic field is 1 Hz to 8 Hz. 前記鋳型内の溶鋼を電磁攪拌するに当り、
前記連続鋳造用鋳型の鋳型長辺方向に3個以上の電磁石を配置し、
これら電磁石により振動磁界を発生させながら該振動磁界のピーク位置を鋳型長辺方向に沿って局所的に移動させることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の鋼の連続鋳造方法。
Upon electromagnetically stirring the molten steel in the mold,
Place three or more electromagnets in the mold long side direction of the continuous casting mold,
3. The continuous casting method for steel according to claim 1, wherein a peak position of the oscillating magnetic field is locally moved along a long side of the mold while generating an oscillating magnetic field by these electromagnets.
3個以上の隣り合うコイルの位相が、n、2n、nあるいはn、3n、2nの配列部分(但し、3相交流でn=60°又は120°、2相交流でn=90°)を持つことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の鋼の連続鋳造設備。The phase of three or more adjacent coils is n, 2n, n or n, 3n, 2n array portion (however, n = 60 ° or 120 ° for three-phase AC, n = 90 ° for two-phase AC) The continuous casting equipment for steel according to claim 7, comprising: 前記鋳型内の溶鋼を電磁攪拌するに当り、
前記連続鋳造用鋳型の鋳型長辺方向に3個以上の電磁石を配置し、
これら電磁石により移動磁界を発生させることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の鋼の連続鋳造方法。
Upon electromagnetically stirring the molten steel in the mold,
Place three or more electromagnets in the mold long side direction of the continuous casting mold,
3. The method for continuously casting steel according to claim 1, wherein a moving magnetic field is generated by these electromagnets.
前記振動磁界又は移動磁界に、鋳型の厚み方向に静磁界を重畳することを特徴とする請求項3乃至9のいずれかに記載の鋼の連続鋳造方法。The method according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein a static magnetic field is superimposed on the oscillating magnetic field or the moving magnetic field in a thickness direction of the mold.
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