JP2004286022A - Device for extending tie rod - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact and easily assembled device for extending a tie rod which receives a nut. <P>SOLUTION: A piston capable of being connected with the tie rod 1 comprises pistons 6, 7 arranged back and forth and cylinder parts 8, 9 corresponding to the pistons 6, 7 on a supporting mechanism 10 surrounding the nut 3. The piston also comprises a flange 18 extended inwards to the radial direction for limiting pressure spaces 19, 20 which can be given an impact with a pressure medium by holding the lower part of a piston head 16 of the pistons 6, 7. The pistons 6 and 7 are attachably/detachably connected to each other and the lower piston 6 is also attachably/detachably connected to the tie rod 1 at the respective central screw connecting parts. Thereby, the lower piston 6 has a threaded lumen 13 incorporated into the tie rod 1. The piston 7 has a coaxial threaded lumen 13 corresponding to a threaded pin 14 apart from the lower piston 6. A transmission gear 27 capable of engaging/removing can remove the cylinder parts 8, 9. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for extending a tie rod for receiving a nut, and more particularly to an apparatus for extending a tie rod assigned to one cylinder of a large engine, to which a piston structure can be connected. A support structure surrounding the nut 3, the piston structure comprising a piston each comprising a plurality of piston heads arranged one behind the other and connected to a shaft, and provided with a bayonet for a tool engageable with the nut. A cylinder structure that can be supported on the cylinder structure, the cylinder structure having a plurality of cylinder portions arranged one behind the other and assigned to the piston, each of these cylinder portions being assigned to a corresponding piston. Radial direction, which grips the piston head and thereby limits the pressure space that can be acted on by the pressure medium An apparatus having a flange which protrudes inwardly.

Devices of this type are known from the prior art. In this known arrangement, a pull rod is provided which can be connected to a tie rod, which has a sleeve at its lower end which can be screwed onto the tie rod and a radially projecting crown at its upper end. The crown supports an upper piston of a piston structure disposed between the sleeve and the crown. The pistons arranged side by side in front of and behind the piston structure are not rigidly connected to one another but are only loosely supported. On the other hand, the cylinder parts arranged side by side in front of and behind the cylinder structure are screwed together to form a rigid casing unit. However, with a multi-part embodiment of the piston structure, high forces can be achieved with a thin structure. Nevertheless, the pull rods required in known configurations have a relatively large structural height. In addition, the weight of the pull rod on which the entire piston of the piston structure is received is relatively large. The same applies to a cylinder structure which is formed as a rigid component unit including the cylinder parts which are rigidly connected to each other. For this reason, handling when assembling and disassembling the configuration according to the present invention becomes difficult (for example, see Patent Document 1).
German Utility Model No. 9316464

However, also from other prior art documents, devices are known for extending a tie rod for receiving a nut, in which the piston structure is connected directly to the tie rod and thus does not require a pull rod. Nevertheless, in this known configuration, the piston structure includes only one piston, so that a relatively large diameter is required to achieve sufficient force, which is a cause of the bulky structure requiring a large space. Become. In many cases, the available locations are still relatively small (see, for example, US Pat.
German Patent No. 19613444

  The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device of the type mentioned at the beginning with a simple and inexpensive means, in which not only a high tensile force can be achieved, but also a thin and compact structure is ensured, yet a high ease of assembly is achieved. Is to improve.

  This object is achieved according to the invention in that the pistons arranged side by side in front of and behind the piston structure can be releasably connected to one another and the lower piston to a tie rod by a central screw connection, respectively, whereby the lower piston Has a threaded bore open from below assigned to the tie rod, each other piston being coaxially open from below and each assigned to a threaded pin projecting from the piston below it. The cylinder parts which have a threaded bore and are arranged one behind the other are solved in that they can be detachably connected to one another by means of engageable and releasable transmissions, respectively.

  The piston structure in this case, in the assembled state, forms a structural unit that can be directly attached to the tie rod and can be tensioned consistently. In this case, no pull rod is required, which is advantageous. In this case, therefore, the lower pressure space can advantageously be arranged very low, whereby the overall height of the structure is reduced. Nevertheless, the mutually screwable pistons of the piston structure can be moved and handled individually, which facilitates the transfer, assembly and disassembly of the arrangement according to the invention. The same applies to the cylinder part. During operation, the cylinder part is only under pressure and the installed gearing does not operate. The transmission operates only when the load is released. Thus, when the load is released, the cylinder structure can be lifted and removed as a whole by the restoring motion device of the support mechanism. In this case, the transmission only has to transmit the weight of the assigned cylinder part. Thus, a simple and lightweight structure of the transmission is possible. For transporting the device according to the invention, as well as for assembly and disassembly, the cylinder parts can be handled individually with their parts separated. This makes assembly very easy.

  Advantageous embodiments and suitable variants of the above-mentioned measures are set out in the dependent claims. In this way, the diameter of the piston-side threaded pin can advantageously be made smaller than the diameter of the tie rod. This makes it possible to spread the flange of each upper cylinder part facing the flange of the lower cylinder part. This achieves that, for the same outer diameter of the piston head, the effective cross-sectional area of each upper pressure space exceeds the cross-sectional area of the lower pressure space, thus enabling a relatively large number of pistons to generate a large force. Is done. Therefore, usually two pistons make up, which makes the structure particularly compact.

  A further advantageous measure is that the transmission has at least one connecting pin, each arranged in a radial bore of the lower cylinder part, the connecting pin being movably mounted on the upper cylinder part. By virtue of this, it is possible to retract into a bore aligned with the restoring spring of the collar of the upper cylinder part engaged in the lower cylinder part, against the force of the restoring spring. As soon as the shift lever disengages from the connecting pin, in this case, the cylinder part is automatically disconnected in an advantageous manner, which simplifies the operation.

  The shift lever can be formed as a ring that rotates purposefully. The ring moves multiple connecting pins simultaneously. The transmission can thus have a plurality of equally circumferentially assigned connecting pins in an advantageous manner.

  Yet another advantageous measure is that the shift lever is suspended movably in the axial direction and is brought into an engaged position through the gravity of the shift lever in order to move each installed connecting pin against the restoring spring. Yes, its weight is sufficient. This ensures that the connection is made automatically when a certain upper cylinder part is mounted on a certain lower cylinder part, thereby increasing safety.

  In a variant of the procedure described above, a lid can be provided which can be attached to the upper cylinder part, which carries a restoring spring arrangement cooperating with the upper piston. This allows ventilation of the cylinder structure when the pressure space is released.

  A further particularly advantageous measure is that a relief valve is received on the piston head of the upper piston, which valve is connected with the integrated pressure space through a lumen passing through the assigned piston head. , Which can be activated by means of a key, which can press down on the lid during starting. This ensures that excessive extension of the tie rod is avoided.

  Further advantageous embodiments and suitable variants of the above-mentioned measures are set out in the remaining dependent claims and are better understood by the following description of embodiments with reference to the drawings. You.

  The main field of application of the present invention is in large cylinders such as two-cycle large diesel engines, in which the cylinders are connected to the support frame by tie rods, and each support frame part is connected by tie rods, each of which is assigned a nut. Engine. 1 and 2 show a tie rod 1 of this type, comprising a threaded clamp head 2 on which a nut 3 can be screwed. The nut 3 rests on a member 4 into which the tie rod 1 has been inserted, for example on a cylinder lid.

  To tighten the nut 3, the tie rod 1 is stretched by the traction device 5 as long as the desired prestress is present. Subsequently, the nut 3 is screwed onto the member 4 until it is in a sufficient position. Thereafter, the load on the traction device 5 is reduced so that the nut 3 is pressed against the member 4 by the prestress of the tie rod 1.

  The traction device 5 comprises a piston structure, which can be connected to the tie rod 1, here consisting of two pistons 6, 7 arranged axially one behind the other, which are assembled to the pistons 6, 7. And is received in a single cylinder structure consisting of cylinder parts 8, 9 arranged axially one behind the other. The number of cylinder parts corresponds to the expected number of pistons. The cylinder structure formed through the cylinder parts 8, 9 is mounted on the member 4 receiving the nut 3 and surrounds the nut 3, and in fact acts as a spacer between the member 4 and the cylinder structure The support mechanism 10 is supported from below. This support mechanism can be formed as a surrounding ring. In the embodiment shown, the support mechanism 10 should be formed as a rectangular frame, which provides high stability against deformation. The support mechanism 10 has a plurality of windows 11 around it, through which the nut 3 can be rotated using a tool that can engage with the nut 3 respectively. In the embodiment shown, the nut 3 comprises a radial bore 12 on the peripheral side into which the rod can be fitted.

  The lower piston 6 can be screwed onto an end region of the tie rod 1 that projects above the nut 3 of the threaded clamp head 2. The upper piston 7 can be screwed onto the lower piston. The threaded connection forms a connection that is removable and can withstand tension and compression. Correspondingly, the two pistons 6, 7 can be connected to each other rigidly for tension and compression, just as the entire piston structure can be connected to the tie rod 1 rigidly for tension and compression. It is. For this purpose, the lower piston 6 is provided with a central threaded bore 13 which is open from below, in line with the tie rod 1, into which the upper end region of the threaded clamp head 2 of the tie rod 1 can be screwed. The upper piston 7 likewise has a central threaded bore 13 which is open from below, aligned with the tie rod 1. In this, a threaded pin 14 that is separated upward from the lower cylinder 6 can be screwed. Each of the pistons 6, 7 has a shaft 15 inserted through an integrated threaded bore 13 to which a piston head 16 is connected. In this case, the threaded bore 13 extends into the piston head 16.

  Each of the cylinder parts 8, 9 has a sliding surface 17 which cooperates with a peripheral surface of the assigned piston head 16, which sliding surface projects radially inward and a flange which grips the integrated piston head 16 below. 18. The diameters of the sliding surfaces 17 of the upper and lower cylinder parts 8, 9 and correspondingly the diameters of the shell areas of the cylinder head 16 of the upper and lower pistons 6, 7, which cooperate with the sliding surfaces, coincide. However, the diameter of the threaded pin 14 of the lower piston 6 is smaller than the diameter of the threaded clamp head 2 of the tie rod 1. Thus, for the same wall thickness in the region of the piston shaft 15, the flange 18 of the upper cylinder part 9 can be wider than the flange 18 of the lower piston part 8.

  The piston head 16 and the flange 18 of the respectively cooperating piston cylinder pair each define a pressure space. A lower pressure space 19 and an upper pressure space 20 are created accordingly. In the pressure spaces 19, 20, the sliding surface of the shaft 15 corresponding to the sliding surface 17 of the cylinder part is sealed by a surrounding packing ring 21. Due to the larger width of the upper flange 18 described above, the upper pressure space 20 has a larger cross-sectional area than the lower pressure space 19.

  The pressure spaces 19 and 20 are connected to a joint 23 for a pressure medium supply pipe provided in a region above the upper piston 7 through a lumen system 22 provided in the pistons 6 and 7. By applying a pressure impact to the pressure spaces 19, 20, the piston structure acting on the tie rod 1 receives an upward force impact, whereby the tie rod 1 is extended. In this case, the cylinder structure is subjected to a downward force impact, which is transmitted onto the member 4 through the support mechanism 10. As a result of the direct action of the piston structure on the tie rod 1, the lower limit of the piston head of the lower piston and the lower pressure space 19 associated therewith can be located relatively deep. The lower pressure space can be located essentially lower than the upper end of the threaded clamp head 2 of the tie rod 1 which penetrates into the piston head 16 of the lower piston 6.

  The cylinder parts 8, 9, which are arranged one behind the other and under pressure during operation, adjoin one another side by side with the radial support planes 25 facing each other. For radial security, the upper cylinder part 9 has a collar 26 that fits in the upper region of the lower cylinder part 8. In the axial direction, the cylinder parts 8, 9 are connectable to one another through a transmission 27. The transmission takes effect only in the case of the release of the pressure spaces 19, 20, as will be further described below. In order to ensure rotation between the piston structure and the cylinder structure, a removable retaining pin slit connection 24 can be planned.

  The transmission 27 includes at least one connecting pin 29 arranged in a radial bore 28 of the lower cylinder part 8, as best seen in FIG. This connecting pin is moved up and down by a retracting mechanism 30 mounted on the upper cylinder part 9 against a force of a restoring spring 31 acting on the upper cylinder part 9 so as to be aligned with the bore 28. Can be retracted into the bag lumen 32 of the collar 26. In the embodiment shown, the retraction mechanism 30 is formed as a rotating ring, as can be seen in FIGS. Therefore, a plurality of connecting pins 31 can be configured. These connecting pins are expediently and evenly arranged around the assigned lower cylinder part 8.

  The ring forming the retraction mechanism 30 has, in the region of its lower edge, a slanted sliding surface 33 which transfers the axial movement of the retraction mechanism 30 to each of the connecting pins 31 sliding over it. To the radial motion of The ring forming the retraction mechanism 30 is provided with an axially extending slit 34 in which a support pin 35, each mounted on the upper cylinder part 9, engages, thus resulting in a pin and slit arrangement, Allows axial movement of the retraction mechanism 30. The ring forming the retraction mechanism 30 is configured such that its weight is such that it pushes each connecting pin 29 in contact with the diagonal sliding surface 33 radially inward and engages with the assigned bag lumen 32, thereby cooperating. Have enough mass to have.

  The upper cylinder part 9 has a lid 36 which is detachably attached. The lid bears a restoring spring arrangement 37, here suggested by a coil spring, which cooperates on the other side with the upper piston 7 of the piston structure. When a pressure impact is applied to the pressure spaces 19, 20, the piston structure is impacted by the upward force and the cylinder structure is impacted by the downward force, as described above. In this case, the piston structure is moved upward with respect to the cylinder structure supported on the support mechanism 10, and the restoring spring mechanism 27 is compressed together. At this time, the length of the tie rod 1 increases, which causes the nut 3 to be lifted away from the member 4, as indicated by the gap 38 in FIG.

  Subsequently, the nut 3 is screwed onto the member 4 until a sufficient layout is obtained. Thereafter, the pressure spaces 19, 20 are released. In this case, the piston structure acting directly on the tie rod 1 remains in the position assigned to the elongated tie rod 1. In response, the restoring spring structure 37 supported here raises the cylinder structure until the pressure spaces 19, 20 are reduced to their minimum volume, as can be seen in FIG. Further, the cylinder structure is lifted from the support mechanism 10, as indicated by the gap 39 in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the minimum volume of the pressure spaces 19, 20 is achieved when the side-by-side shoulders of the piston head 16 and the flange 18 are in a mutual layout. The transmission 27 ensures that the entire cylinder structure is lifted, not just the upper cylinder part 9.

  In order to limit the stroke of the piston structure and the corresponding extension of the tie rod 1 to a desired amount, a stroke limiting device is planned. In this regard, a relief valve 40 is mounted on the piston head 16 of the upper piston 7, and the relief valve 40 is connected to at least one pressure space through a lumen 41 through the assigned piston head 16, here the upper pressure space 20. And can be activated by a key 42. When the tie rod 1 has reached the desired extension, the key activates the lid 36, here acting as a stop, by which it is pressed downward. As a result, automatic control is performed, and thereby high security is obtained.

  The extension device 5 can be assembled and disassembled one by one in order based on the formation of a plurality of parts of the piston structure and the cylinder structure. In the case of assembling, first, the support mechanism 10 is prepared. Subsequently, the lower cylinder portion 8 is mounted thereon. This lower cylinder part has in its lower region a web 43 which can be adapted to the cross-sectional configuration of the now rectangular support mechanism 10 and engages in the support mechanism 10 and cooperates with its upper inner edge. Subsequently, the lower piston 6 is assembled and screwed onto the threaded clamp head 2 of the tie rod 1 until the keying position reaches the minimum volume of the lower pressure space 19. Thereafter, the rotation safety device 24 can be installed.

  Subsequently, the upper cylinder part 9 is mounted on the lower cylinder part 8 without the lid 36. At that time, the ring acting as the retraction mechanism 30 automatically sets the connecting pin 39 in the shut-off position, whereby the lower and upper cylinder parts 8, 9 are connected adjacently. Subsequently, the upper piston 7 is fitted and screwed onto the threaded pin 14 until the keying position is reached. Subsequently, the lid 36 is attached. The individual parts of the piston and cylinder structures are lightweight and relatively short in the axial direction, which allows easy handling as well as simple assembly even in small spaces. Nevertheless, a large force is achieved by the pressure spaces 19, 20 arranged one behind the other, in which case the cross-section of the upper pressure space 20 is made relatively large, so that almost two pistons 6, 7 make do with it. Is advantageous.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the device according to the invention in a loaded state. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the configuration according to FIG. 1 in an unloaded state. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the transmission having the configuration according to FIGS. 1 and 2.

Explanation of reference numerals

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tie rod 2 Threaded clamp head 3 Nut 4 Member 5 Traction device, extension device 6 Piston 7 Piston 8 Cylinder portion 9 Cylinder portion 10 Support mechanism 11 Window 12 Lumen 13 Lumen 14 Threaded pin 15 Shaft 16 Piston head 17 Sliding surface 18 Flange 19 Lower pressure space 20 Upper pressure space 21 Packing ring 22 Lumen system 23 Joint 24 Pin slit connecting part, rotation safety device 25 Radial support plane 26 Collar 27 Transmission device 28 Lumen 29 Connecting pin 30 Retraction mechanism 31 Restoring spring 32 bag cavity 33 sliding surface 34 slit 35 support pin 36 lid 37 restoring spring configuration 38 gap 39 connecting pin 40 relief valve 41 lumen 42 key 43 web

Claims (17)

In a device for extending a tie rod (1) receiving a nut (3), in particular for extending a tie rod (1) assigned to one cylinder of a large engine,
A piston structure connectable to the tie rod (1);
The piston structure has pistons (6, 7) each including a plurality of piston heads (16) arranged side by side and associated with a shaft (15);
A cylinder structure capable of being supported on a support mechanism (10) surrounding the nut (3), comprising a window (11) for a tool engageable with the nut (3);
Said cylinder structure has a plurality of cylinder portions (8, 9) arranged side by side and assigned to pistons (6, 7);
The said cylinder parts each grip the piston head (16) of the assigned piston (6, 7) from below, thereby defining a pressure space (19, 20) which can be acted upon by the pressure medium, radially A device having an inwardly projecting flange (18), wherein pistons (6, 7) arranged one behind the other are removed by a central threaded connection, and the lower piston (6) is removed by a tie rod (1), respectively. And the lower piston (6) has a threaded bore (13) open from below assigned to the tie rod (1), while the other pistons (7) are A threaded bore (1) assigned to threaded pins (14), coaxially open from below and each projecting from a piston (6) underneath. ) Has a cylinder portion disposed in tandem (8,9), a device characterized in that it is a removable linked to each other by respective engagement and releasable transmission (27).   The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston structure has two pistons (6, 7) and the cylinder structure has two cylinder parts (8, 9).   Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the flange (18) of the upper cylinder part (9) is wider than the flange (18) of the lower cylinder part (8).   4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the piston head of the piston is the same in the region of the respectively assigned pressure space. The apparatus according to claim 1.   2. The lower edge of the piston head (16) of the lower piston (6) is arranged lower than the upper end of the tie rod (1) engaged in the lower piston (6). 3. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims.   6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the threaded pin projecting upward from the lower piston is smaller than the diameter of the tie rod. apparatus.   The transmission (27) includes at least one connecting pin (29) arranged in a radial bore (28) of the lower cylinder part (8), the connecting pin moving to the upper cylinder part (9). By means of a retractably mounted retraction mechanism (30) the lumen (26) of the collar (26) of the upper cylinder part (9) engaged in the lower cylinder part (8) against the force of the restoring spring (31). Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it can be retracted into (32).   8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the retraction mechanism is formed as a rotating ring, and the transmission has a plurality of connecting pins arranged at equal intervals around the circumference. The described device.   Device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the retraction mechanism (30) has an oblique sliding surface (33).   A retraction mechanism (30) is arranged movably in the axial direction and can be brought into an engaged position by its gravity, the weight of which is restored by a restoring spring (31) which engages the respectively assigned connecting pin (29) therewith. 10. Apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that it is sufficient to move against the force of:   2. The upper cylinder part (9) comprises a removable lid (36), on which a restoring spring arrangement (37) cooperating with the upper piston (7) is supported. 3. Item 11. The apparatus according to any one of items 10 to 10.   A relief valve (40) is mounted on the upper piston (7), said relief valve (40) being connected to at least one pressure space (20) through a lumen through the assigned piston head (16) and a key ( Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device can be activated by means of (42) and the key can be depressed during start-up.   Device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the lid (36) is formed as a stop assigned to the key (42).   A coupling (23) for a pressure medium supply pipe is received on the upper piston (7), said coupling being connected to each pressure space (19, 20) through a bore system (22). An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13.   Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support mechanism (10) is formed as a rectangular frame.   16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that at least the lower region of the lower cylinder part (8) that can be supported on the support mechanism (10) has a cross-sectional configuration adapted to the cross-sectional configuration of the support mechanism (10). Equipment. 17. A method according to claim 1, wherein the lower cylinder portion (8) receivable on the support mechanism (10) has a fixed web (43) engaging in the support mechanism (10). An apparatus according to claim 1.

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