CN109048314B - Self-adaptive hydraulic stretcher - Google Patents
Self-adaptive hydraulic stretcher Download PDFInfo
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- CN109048314B CN109048314B CN201811194928.2A CN201811194928A CN109048314B CN 109048314 B CN109048314 B CN 109048314B CN 201811194928 A CN201811194928 A CN 201811194928A CN 109048314 B CN109048314 B CN 109048314B
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- bolt
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010727 cylinder oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/04—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
- B23P19/06—Screw or nut setting or loosening machines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive hydraulic stretcher in the field of bolt pre-tightening devices, which comprises a hydraulic cylinder, wherein a cavity is formed in the middle of the hydraulic cylinder, a working end of the hydraulic cylinder drives a stretching rod to axially move, an elastic supporting mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the stretching rod, the stretching rod is also in transmission connection with a rotary driving mechanism, a supporting sleeve is correspondingly arranged above the radial direction of the hydraulic cylinder, a nut poking ring is arranged in the supporting sleeve, a threaded hole matched with a bolt to be pre-tightened is formed in the upper end of the stretching rod in the axial direction, the hydraulic cylinder is arranged in a cylindrical outer jacket, the elastic supporting mechanism is arranged between the lower end of the stretching rod and the bottom of the outer jacket, a swinging body is connected to the stretching rod, a swinging spherical surface is arranged outside the swinging body, a gap is reserved between the inner wall of the cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and the stretching rod, and a transmission bearing is arranged between the stretching rod and the swinging body. The invention can ensure that the bolt smoothly enters the threaded hole of the stretching rod and smoothly completes the pre-tightening of the bolt on the flange surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of bolt pre-tightening devices, and particularly relates to a hydraulic stretcher.
Background
In the prior art, bolts and nuts are indispensable components for assembly in the mechanical field, and the fixing mode of the bolts and the nuts is firmer and more reliable than other fixing modes, so that the bolts and the nuts become the most commonly used mode for fixing two or more components together. Because the bolts used in some large-scale equipment are thicker, the pretightening force is high, and the labor intensity is high if the fastening and the dismounting of the bolts are completed manually.
At present, a hydraulic stretcher is adopted to stretch a bolt, the hydraulic stretcher comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a stretching connecting component, the stretching connecting component is connected with the bolt through internal threads of the stretching connecting component, and a bulge perpendicular to the straight line of the bolt is matched with the end face of a piston of the hydraulic cylinder. The working principle of the hydraulic cylinder is that the stretching connecting component is connected with the bolt, high-pressure oil is injected into the hydraulic cylinder, the piston pushes the protrusion of the stretching connecting component, stretching force is applied to the bolt, the bolt is stretched, then fastening or dismounting operation on the bolt can be realized more easily, and the pretightening force for fastening can be realized more easily.
In order to pretension the bolts more conveniently and in trouble-free, in the prior art, there is a hydraulic nut stretcher, the patent application number of which is: 201720731051.0; filing date: 2017.06.22; bulletin number: CN 206899149U; day of bulletin: 2018.01.19; the structure of the device comprises a cylindrical shell; a bolt sleeve having a threaded inner bore at least partially located within the cylindrical housing for being sleeved over the bolt external threads on the outboard portion of the nut, wherein the threaded inner bore has internal threads that are intermeshed with the bolt external threads; the hydraulic device is positioned in the cylindrical shell and is used for driving the bolt sleeve to move upwards along the length direction of the bolt; and the support ring is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the cylindrical shell, an arc-shaped notch is formed in the support ring along the circumferential direction, and a magnet device is further arranged on the support ring and comprises a magnet arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the support ring and a rotatable arm which is fixed with the magnet and radially extends out of the outer circumferential wall of the support ring.
The device can enable the nut to enter the shell more quickly, but when in actual operation, an offset distance within 1.5mm exists between the axis of the bolt and the axis of the flange threaded hole, the two axes are not completely overlapped, the perpendicularity between the axis of the bolt and the plane of the flange is also error, and the perpendicularity error is within 1 degree; in the process of leading to the bolt to stretch into the bolt sleeve screw hole, the bolt axis can also have the skew with the bolt sleeve screw hole axis to the misalignment, because hydraulic stretcher is rigid, the piston rod also can not swing, and the bolt can finally block at bolt sleeve screw hole, and the piston rod can't rotate, leads to final bolt unable completion pretension.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-adaptive hydraulic stretcher, wherein a stretching rod can adapt to the swing of the position of a bolt, so that the bolt can smoothly enter a threaded hole of the stretching rod, and the pre-tightening of the bolt on a flange surface can be smoothly completed.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way: the utility model provides a self-adaptation hydraulic stretcher, includes the pneumatic cylinder, but the cavity that stretching rod passed is offered to pneumatic cylinder middle part axial, and the work end drive stretching rod axial displacement of pneumatic cylinder, stretching rod lower extreme correspondence is equipped with elastic support mechanism, the stretching rod still is connected with rotation driving mechanism transmission, the radial direction top correspondence of pneumatic cylinder is equipped with the supporting sleeve, is equipped with rotatable nut in the supporting sleeve and dials the circle, stretching rod upper end corresponds nut and dials the circle and stretch into the supporting sleeve, stretching rod upper end axial offered with wait pretension bolt assorted screw hole, the pneumatic cylinder sets up in the cylindric oversheath, elastic support mechanism sets up between stretching rod lower extreme and oversheath bottom, is connected with the pendulum on the stretching rod, and the pendulum outside is equipped with the pendulum sphere, leaves the space that can hold the pendulum swing in the oversheath, leave the clearance between the cavity inner wall of pneumatic cylinder and the stretching rod, be equipped with drive bearing between stretching rod and the pendulum.
When the hydraulic cylinder works, the support sleeve is pressed on the flange surface, the bolt to be pre-tightened stretches into the support sleeve, the rotary driving mechanism drives the stretching rod to rotate, the bolt is screwed into the threaded hole of the stretching rod, the inner wall of the outer sheath corresponds to the swinging body, the swinging body can swing in the outer sheath, a gap for swinging the stretching rod is reserved in the cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, the stretching rod can adapt to the inclined angle position of the bolt through swinging for the inclined angle of the axis of the bolt relative to the flange surface, finally the bolt enters the threaded hole of the stretching rod in a centering manner, the external thread of the bolt is fully meshed with the internal thread of the threaded hole, the axis of the bolt is ensured to coincide with the axis of the threaded hole of the stretching rod, and the bolt is prevented from being blocked; the hydraulic cylinder is filled with oil, the piston moving end drives the stretching rod to move downwards, the stretching rod stretches the bolt downwards axially, and then the nut pulling ring drives the nut to rotate until the nut is attached to the assembling flange surface; after the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is unloaded, the bolt is retracted, so that the bolt generates pretightening force. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the offset angle of the stretching rod can be automatically adjusted according to the inclination angle position of the bolt relative to the flange surface, so that the bolt is centered to enter the threaded hole of the stretching rod, the axis coincidence of the bolt and the threaded hole of the stretching rod is ensured, the bolt is prevented from being blocked in the threaded hole of the stretching rod, and the pretension of the bolt is completed. The swinging body can swing in the outer sheath, the stretching rod can rotate relative to the swinging body, mutual interference is avoided, and the structure is compact.
As a further improvement of the invention, the elastic supporting mechanism is a first return spring, the lower end of the tension rod is connected with an annular spring positioning piece, a cylindrical cavity for accommodating the first return spring is arranged in the spring positioning piece, one end of the first return spring is elastically abutted against the end face of the cavity, and the other end of the first return spring is elastically abutted against the bottom of the outer sheath. The piston moving end of the hydraulic cylinder drives the stretching rod to move downwards, the bolt is stretched, the first return spring is compressed, and after the hydraulic cylinder is unloaded, the first return spring pushes the stretching rod back to the original position; the first reset spring is arranged in the cavity, so that the structure is more compact.
As a further improvement of the invention, the swinging body is annular, the swinging spherical surface is positioned at the periphery of the swinging body, the swinging body is sleeved at the periphery of the spring positioning piece, the transmission bearing is arranged between the swinging body and the spring positioning piece, and the periphery of the spring positioning piece is provided with an annular positioning groove which can be used for clamping the transmission bearing. The swing sphere at the periphery of the swing body is contacted with the inner wall of the outer sheath, so that the swing can be realized.
In order to facilitate installation, the swinging body comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, wherein the lower end of the inner ring is provided with an outer flange, the upper end of the inner ring is fixedly connected with an annular positioning end plate, the inner wall of the outer ring is circumferentially provided with a slot, the outer flange of the inner ring and the positioning end plate are correspondingly inserted into the slot, the outer flange is contacted with the lower end surface of the slot, and the positioning end plate is contacted with the upper end surface of the slot; an upper check ring is clamped in the inner wall of the inner ring through a clamping groove, a lower check ring is clamped in the periphery Jing Kacao of the spring positioning piece, and a transmission bearing is positioned between the upper check ring and the lower check ring; the upper end and the lower end of the outer ring are respectively provided with an annular upper supporting body and an annular lower supporting body. When the stretching rod rotates, the transmission bearing works, and the swinging body can adapt to the swinging of the inclined angle position of the bolt, so that the threaded hole of the stretching rod is aligned with the bolt and is fully meshed with the bolt.
As a further improvement of the invention, the upper end of the outer sheath is provided with an annular cover plate, the lower end of the outer sheath is provided with a bottom plate, the upper part of the inner part of the outer sheath is provided with an inner bushing, the inner wall of the inner bushing is provided with an annular first inner step, the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder is supported on the inner step, the bottom of the inner bushing is provided with an annular second inner step, the aperture of the annular second inner step decreases from top to bottom, the lower end of the stretching rod is provided with a transmission umbrella, the transmission umbrella comprises a plurality of stop blocks which are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction, the outer sides of the stop blocks are provided with limiting inclined planes corresponding to the second inner step, and a piston at the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder can be contacted with the upper end surface of the transmission umbrella; the upper supporting body is arranged corresponding to the lower end face of the inner bushing, and the lower supporting body is arranged corresponding to the bottom plate. The hydraulic cylinder is fixed above the first inner step, the piston of the hydraulic cylinder is in contact with the upper end face of the transmission umbrella to drive the transmission umbrella to move downwards, the stretching rod stretches a bolt, after the hydraulic cylinder is unloaded, the first reset spring pushes the stretching rod back to the original position, the limiting inclined plane of the transmission umbrella is in contact with the inner hole of the second inner step, the stretching rod is limited, and the swinging body is prevented from colliding with the inner bushing.
As a further improvement of the invention, the hydraulic cylinder comprises an annular outer cylinder body and an inner cylinder body, an oil cavity is formed between the outer cylinder body and the inner cylinder body, an annular piston is arranged in the oil cavity, an annular cylinder cover is arranged at the lower end of the outer cylinder body, an annular piston cover is fixedly connected to the lower end of the piston, the cavity is positioned in the middle of the inner cylinder body, the outer cylinder body is connected with an oil filling nozzle communicated with the oil cavity, and through holes capable of allowing the oil filling nozzle to pass through are formed in the side surfaces of the inner bushing and the outer sheath. The oil filling nozzle supplies oil to an oil cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, and hydraulic oil pushes the piston to move downwards to drive the piston to move.
As a further improvement of the invention, the rotary driving mechanism comprises a motor I, the lower side of the bottom plate is connected with a speed reducer I, the motor I is connected with the input end of the speed reducer I, the output end of the speed reducer I is connected with a universal joint I, a cavity is axially formed in the stretching rod, a through hole capable of allowing the universal joint to pass through is formed in the bottom plate, and the other end of the universal joint I sequentially passes through the bottom plate and the return spring I, then stretches into the cavity and is in transmission connection with the stretching rod. And after the motor is decelerated by the speed reducer, the universal joint is driven to rotate, and the universal joint drives the stretching rod to rotate, so that the bolt is driven to rotate.
As a further improvement of the invention, a base is arranged below the outer sheath, two telescopic cylinders are symmetrically arranged on the base left and right, push plates are arranged at the ends of piston rods of the telescopic cylinders, and a bottom plate of the outer sheath is supported on the two push plates. When the support sleeve is pressed on the flange surface, a gap may exist between the end surface of the support sleeve and the flange surface, and the telescopic cylinder compresses the support sleeve on the flange surface through the push plate, so that the support sleeve is ensured to have a stress surface.
As a further improvement of the invention, a second motor is connected to the base, the second motor is connected with the input end of a second speed reducer, the output end of the second speed reducer is connected with a second universal joint, the periphery of a nut shifting ring is provided with transmission teeth, and the other end of the second universal joint is in transmission connection with the nut shifting ring through a gear pair; the support sleeve is fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder, a second reset spring is arranged below the nut shifting ring in the support sleeve, and a spring retainer ring is arranged below the second reset spring. The motor II is decelerated through the speed reducer II and then drives the universal joint II to rotate, the universal joint II drives the gear to rotate, the gear drives the nut shifting ring to rotate, the nut shifting ring is sleeved on the periphery of the nut, the nut is driven to rotate, and after the reset spring II is compressed, the nut shifting ring is reset by utilizing thrust.
As a further improvement of the invention, the base is provided with a first proximity sensor, and the support sleeve is provided with a second proximity sensor. The second proximity sensor detects whether the supporting sleeve is in contact with the flange surface, and the first proximity sensor detects whether the whole stretcher is retracted.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is another perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the oscillating body.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a hydraulic cylinder.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the stretching rod.
The device comprises a hydraulic cylinder 1, an outer cylinder 1, an inner cylinder 1b, a piston 1c, a cylinder cover 1d, a piston cover 1e, an oil cavity 1f, an oil filling nozzle 1g, a stretching rod 2, a threaded hole 2a, a transmission umbrella 2b, a supporting sleeve 3, a nut shifting ring 4a transmission gear 4a, an outer jacket 5, a swinging body 6a swinging spherical surface 601, an inner ring 601a flange 601a, an outer ring 602, an upper supporting body 602a, a lower supporting body 602b, a 603 positioning end plate 7, a transmission bearing 8, a first spring positioning piece 9, a 10 slot, an upper check ring 11, a lower check ring 12, a cover plate 13, a bottom plate 14, an inner bushing 15a first inner step 15b, a second inner step 16, a transmission umbrella 16a limiting inclined plane 17 motor 1, a 18 speed reducer 1, 19 universal joint 1, a base 20, a telescopic cylinder 21, a push plate 22, a motor two 23, a 24 speed reducer two, 25 universal joint two, 26 pair, 27 reset spring two, 28 spring two, 29 proximity sensor two, 30 proximity sensor two.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-7, the self-adaptive hydraulic stretcher comprises a hydraulic cylinder 1, a cavity capable of allowing a stretching rod 2 to pass through is axially formed in the middle of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the working end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 drives the stretching rod 2 to axially move, an elastic supporting mechanism is correspondingly arranged at the lower end of the stretching rod 2, the stretching rod 2 is also in transmission connection with a rotary driving mechanism, a supporting sleeve 3 is correspondingly arranged above the radial direction of the hydraulic cylinder 1, a rotatable nut shifting ring 4 is arranged in the supporting sleeve 3, the upper end of the stretching rod 2 corresponds to the nut shifting ring 4 and stretches into the supporting sleeve 3, a threaded hole 2a matched with a bolt to be pre-tightened is axially formed in the upper end of the stretching rod 2, the hydraulic cylinder 1 is arranged in a cylindrical outer jacket 5, the elastic supporting mechanism is arranged between the lower end of the stretching rod 2 and the bottom of the outer jacket 5, a swinging body 6 is connected to the stretching rod 2, a swinging spherical surface 6a space capable of allowing the swinging body 6 is reserved in the outer jacket 5, a gap is reserved between the inner wall of the cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the stretching rod 2, and the swinging body 6, and a transmission bearing 7 is reserved between the stretching rod 2 and the swinging body 6. The elastic supporting mechanism is a first return spring 8, the lower end of the stretching rod 2 is connected with an annular spring positioning piece 9, a cylindrical cavity for accommodating the first return spring 8 is arranged in the spring positioning piece 9, one end of the first return spring 8 is elastically abutted against the end face of the cavity, and the other end of the first return spring 8 is elastically abutted against the bottom of the outer sheath 5. The swinging body 6 is annular, the swinging spherical surface 6a is positioned at the periphery of the swinging body 6, the swinging body 6 is sleeved at the periphery of the spring positioning piece 9, the transmission bearing 7 is arranged between the swinging body 6 and the spring positioning piece 9, and an annular positioning groove capable of accommodating the transmission bearing 7 is formed in the periphery of the spring positioning piece 9. The swinging body 6 comprises an inner ring 601 and an outer ring 602, wherein an outer flange 601a is arranged at the lower end of the inner ring 601, an annular positioning end plate 603 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner ring 601, a slot 10 is formed in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the outer ring 602, the outer flange 601a of the inner ring 601 and the positioning end plate 603 are correspondingly inserted into the slot 10, the outer flange 601a is contacted with the lower end face of the slot 10, and the positioning end plate 603 is contacted with the upper end face of the slot 10; the inner wall of the inner ring 601 is clamped with an upper check ring 11 through a clamping groove, the outer Zhou Jingka groove of the spring positioning piece 9 is clamped with a lower check ring 12, and the transmission bearing 7 is positioned between the upper check ring 11 and the lower check ring 12; the upper and lower ends of the outer ring 602 are respectively provided with an annular upper supporting body 602a and a lower supporting body 602b.
The upper end of the outer sheath 5 is provided with an annular cover plate 13, the lower end of the outer sheath 5 is provided with a bottom plate 14, the upper part inside the outer sheath 5 is provided with an inner bushing 15, the inner wall of the inner bushing 15 is provided with an annular first inner step 15a, the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is supported on the inner step, the bottom of the inner bushing 15 is provided with an annular second inner step 15b, the aperture of the annular second inner step 15b decreases from top to bottom, the lower end of the stretching rod 2 is provided with a transmission umbrella 162b, the transmission umbrella 162b comprises a plurality of stop blocks distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction, the outer sides of the stop blocks are provided with limiting inclined planes 16a corresponding to the second inner step 15b, and a piston 1c at the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 can be contacted with the upper end surface of the transmission umbrella 162 b; the upper support 602a is provided corresponding to the lower end surface of the inner liner 15, and the lower support 602b is provided corresponding to the bottom plate 14. The hydraulic cylinder 1 comprises an annular outer cylinder body 1a and an inner cylinder body 1b, an oil cavity 1f is formed between the outer cylinder body 1a and the inner cylinder body 1b, an annular piston 1c is arranged in the oil cavity 1f, an annular cylinder cover 1d is arranged at the lower end of the outer cylinder body 1a, the lower end of the piston 1c is fixedly connected with an annular piston cover 1e, a cavity is located in the middle of the inner cylinder body 1b, an oil filling nozzle 1g communicated with the oil cavity 1f is connected to the outer cylinder body 1a, and through holes capable of allowing the oil filling nozzle 1g to pass through are formed in the side surfaces of an inner bushing 15 and an outer jacket 5.
The rotary driving mechanism comprises a first motor 17, a first speed reducer 18 is connected to the lower side of the base plate 14, the first motor 17 is connected with the input end of the first speed reducer 18, the output end of the first speed reducer 18 is connected with a first universal joint 19, a cavity is axially formed in the stretching rod 2, a through hole through which the universal joint can penetrate is formed in the base plate 14, and the other end of the first universal joint 19 sequentially penetrates through the base plate 14 and the first reset spring 8, then stretches into the cavity and is in transmission connection with the stretching rod 2. A base 20 is arranged below the outer sheath 5, two telescopic cylinders 21 are symmetrically arranged on the base 20 in a left-right symmetry mode, push plates 22 are arranged at the end portions of piston rods of the telescopic cylinders 21, and a bottom plate 14 of the outer sheath 5 is supported on the two push plates 22. The base 20 is connected with a second motor 23, the second motor 23 is connected with the input end of a second speed reducer 24, the output end of the second speed reducer 24 is connected with a second universal joint 25, the periphery of the nut shifting ring 4 is provided with a transmission tooth 4a, and the other end of the second universal joint 25 is in transmission connection with the nut shifting ring 4 through a gear pair 26; the support sleeve 3 is fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder 1, a second return spring 27 is arranged below the nut shifting ring 4 in the support sleeve 3, and a spring retainer ring 28 is arranged below the second return spring 27. The base 20 is provided with a first proximity sensor 29, and the support sleeve 3 is provided with a second proximity sensor 30.
When the hydraulic cylinder is in operation, the base 20 is arranged on the manipulator, the manipulator drives the supporting sleeve 3 to be pressed on the flange surface, the bolt to be pre-tightened stretches into the supporting sleeve 3, the motor I17 drives the universal joint I19 to rotate after being decelerated by the decelerator I18, the universal joint I19 drives the stretching rod 2 to rotate, the bolt is driven to rotate, the bolt is screwed into the threaded hole 2a of the stretching rod 2, the inner wall of the outer sheath 5 corresponds to the swinging body 6, the swinging body 6 can swing in the outer sheath 5, a gap for the swinging of the stretching rod 2 is reserved in a cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 1, for the inclination angle of the bolt axis relative to the flange surface, the stretching rod 2 can adapt to the inclination angle position of the bolt through swinging, finally the bolt is centered into the threaded hole 2a of the stretching rod 2, the external thread of the bolt is fully meshed with the internal thread of the threaded hole 2a, the axis of the bolt is ensured to coincide with the axis of the threaded hole 2a of the stretching rod 2, and the bolt is prevented from being blocked; oiling is carried out to an oil cavity 1f of the hydraulic cylinder 1 through an oiling nozzle 1g, a piston 1c moves downwards to be in contact with the upper end face of a transmission umbrella 162b to drive a stretching rod 2 to move downwards, the stretching rod 2 stretches a bolt downwards axially, a motor II 23 is decelerated through a speed reducer II 24 to drive a universal joint II 25 to rotate, the universal joint II 25 drives a gear pair 26 to drive, and a gear drives a nut shifting ring 4 to rotate to drive a nut to rotate until the nut is attached to an assembly flange face; after the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is unloaded, the first reset spring 8 pushes the stretching rod 2 to the original position, the limiting inclined surface 16a contacts with the second inner step 15b to limit, and the bolt is retracted, so that the bolt generates pretightening force.
The device has the advantages that: the offset angle of the stretching rod 2 can be automatically adjusted according to the inclination angle position of the bolt relative to the flange surface, so that the bolt is centered to enter the threaded hole 2a of the stretching rod 2, the axis coincidence of the bolt and the threaded hole 2a of the stretching rod 2 is ensured, the bolt is prevented from being blocked in the threaded hole 2a of the stretching rod 2, and the pretension of the bolt is completed. The swinging body 6 can swing in the outer sheath 5, the stretching rod 2 can rotate relative to the swinging body 6, the swinging body 6 is not interfered with each other, and the structure is compact.
The invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and based on the technical solution disclosed in the invention, a person skilled in the art may make some substitutions and modifications to some technical features thereof without creative effort according to the technical content disclosed, and all the substitutions and modifications are within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The self-adaptive hydraulic stretcher comprises a hydraulic cylinder, wherein a cavity capable of allowing a stretching rod to pass through is axially formed in the middle of the hydraulic cylinder, the working end of the hydraulic cylinder drives the stretching rod to axially move, an elastic supporting mechanism is correspondingly arranged at the lower end of the stretching rod, the stretching rod is also in transmission connection with a rotary driving mechanism, a supporting sleeve is correspondingly arranged above the radial direction of the hydraulic cylinder, a rotatable nut poking ring is arranged in the supporting sleeve, the upper end of the stretching rod corresponds to the nut poking ring and stretches into the supporting sleeve, and a threaded hole matched with a bolt to be pre-tightened is axially formed in the upper end of the stretching rod. The elastic supporting mechanism is a first reset spring, the lower end of the stretching rod is connected with an annular spring positioning piece, a cylindrical cavity for accommodating the first reset spring is arranged in the spring positioning piece, one end of the first reset spring is elastically abutted against the end face of the cavity, and the other end of the first reset spring is elastically abutted against the bottom of the outer sheath; the swinging body is annular, the swinging spherical surface is positioned at the periphery of the swinging body, the swinging body is sleeved at the periphery of the spring positioning piece, the transmission bearing is arranged between the swinging body and the spring positioning piece, and an annular positioning groove which can be used for clamping the transmission bearing is formed in the periphery of the spring positioning piece; the swinging body comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, the lower end of the inner ring is provided with an outer flange, the upper end of the inner ring is fixedly connected with an annular positioning end plate, the inner wall of the outer ring is circumferentially provided with a slot, the outer flange of the inner ring and the positioning end plate are correspondingly inserted into the slot, the outer flange is contacted with the lower end surface of the slot, and the positioning end plate is contacted with the upper end surface of the slot; an upper check ring is clamped in the inner wall of the inner ring through a clamping groove, a lower check ring is clamped in the periphery Jing Kacao of the spring positioning piece, and a transmission bearing is positioned between the upper check ring and the lower check ring; the upper end and the lower end of the outer ring are respectively provided with an annular upper supporting body and an annular lower supporting body; the upper end of the outer sheath is provided with an annular cover plate, the lower end of the outer sheath is provided with a bottom plate, an inner bushing is arranged above the inner part of the outer sheath, an annular first inner step is arranged on the inner wall of the inner bushing, the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder is supported on the inner step, an annular second inner step is arranged at the bottom of the inner bushing, the aperture of the annular second inner step decreases from top to bottom, the lower end of the stretching rod is provided with a transmission umbrella, the transmission umbrella comprises a plurality of stop blocks distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction, a limiting inclined plane is arranged at the outer side of each stop block and corresponds to the second inner step, and a piston at the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder can be contacted with the upper end surface of the transmission umbrella; the upper supporting body is arranged corresponding to the lower end surface of the inner bushing, and the lower supporting body is arranged corresponding to the bottom plate; the hydraulic cylinder comprises an annular outer cylinder body and an inner cylinder body, an oil cavity is formed between the outer cylinder body and the inner cylinder body, an annular piston is arranged in the oil cavity, an annular cylinder cover is arranged at the lower end of the outer cylinder body, the lower end of the piston is fixedly connected with an annular piston cover, the cavity is positioned in the middle of the inner cylinder body, the outer cylinder body is connected with an oil filling nozzle communicated with the oil cavity, and through holes capable of allowing the oil filling nozzle to pass through are formed in the side surfaces of the inner bushing and the outer sheath; the rotary driving mechanism comprises a first motor, a first speed reducer is connected to the lower side of the base plate, the first motor is connected with an input end of the first speed reducer, an output end of the first speed reducer is connected with a first universal joint, a cavity is axially formed in the stretching rod, a through hole allowing the universal joint to pass through is formed in the base plate, and the other end of the first universal joint sequentially passes through the base plate and the first reset spring, stretches into the cavity and is in transmission connection with the stretching rod.
2. The self-adaptive hydraulic stretcher according to claim 1, wherein a base is arranged below the outer sheath, two telescopic cylinders are symmetrically arranged on the base in a left-right mode, push plates are arranged at the end portions of piston rods of the telescopic cylinders, and a bottom plate of the outer sheath is supported on the two push plates.
3. The self-adaptive hydraulic stretcher according to claim 2, wherein the base is connected with a second motor, the second motor is connected with the input end of a second speed reducer, the output end of the second speed reducer is connected with a second universal joint, the periphery of a nut shifting ring is provided with transmission teeth, and the other end of the second universal joint is in transmission connection with the nut shifting ring through a gear pair; the support sleeve is fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder, a second reset spring is arranged below the nut shifting ring in the support sleeve, and a spring retainer ring is arranged below the second reset spring.
4. The adaptive hydraulic tensioner of claim 2, wherein the base is provided with a first proximity sensor and the support sleeve is provided with a second proximity sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811194928.2A CN109048314B (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2018-10-15 | Self-adaptive hydraulic stretcher |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811194928.2A CN109048314B (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2018-10-15 | Self-adaptive hydraulic stretcher |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109048314A CN109048314A (en) | 2018-12-21 |
| CN109048314B true CN109048314B (en) | 2024-02-27 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811194928.2A Active CN109048314B (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2018-10-15 | Self-adaptive hydraulic stretcher |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN109048314B (en) |
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| CN110788477B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-07-23 | 国机铸锻机械有限公司 | Groove beam machining system |
| CN110695672A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-17 | 四川腾菲克科技有限公司 | Bolt fastening method and bolt fastening system |
| CN112935781B (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-08-12 | 东方电气集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Automatic stretcher with self-adaptive structure |
| CN114952263B (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2024-04-05 | 新疆理工学院 | Mechanical automatic feeding and discharging mechanical device |
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| CN109048314A (en) | 2018-12-21 |
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