JP2004276144A - Grinding wheel surface shape regulating method and device, and grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily adjust the surface shape of a grinding wheel in non-contact. <P>SOLUTION: A laser beam is radiated in the tangential direction of the grinding wheel 3 mounted on a grinding wheel shaft 11, and the irradiation position of the laser beam on the grinding wheel 3 is positioned so that the condensing diameter of the laser beam condensed by a lens 35 becomes minimum (the focusing position of the lens). After that, the grinding wheel shaft 11 is rotated at a fixed speed, and while the irradiation position is moved along the outer edge of the grinding wheel 3, the laser beam with a fixed intensity is applied to the grinding wheel 3. In truing, the rotating speed is controlled to obtain the energy density required for removing abrasive grains 3a, and on the other hand, in dressing, the rotating speed of the grinding wheel shaft 11 is controlled to reach the rotating speed (higher than that in truing) so that the energy density is obtained to mainly remove bond 3b and chips of a workpiece. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a grindstone surface shape adjusting method and apparatus for adjusting the grindstone surface shape used for grinding, and a grinder incorporating the grindstone surface shape adjusting apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, truing (reshaping) and dressing (retouching) are known as operations for adjusting the surface shape of a grindstone used for grinding.
Among them, truing means that the grindstone mounted on the grindstone shaft does not wobble during rotation, so that the grindstone outer periphery and concentricity with the grindstone shaft are concentric with the grindstone and binder on the grindstone periphery. This is the work of scraping off (bond). On the other hand, dressing refers to the removal of the binder and work material when the sharpness of the grindstone has deteriorated, such as after abrasive wear, clogging of the work material, or after truing, by removing the binder or work material. This is an operation of causing abrasive grains to protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the steel sheet.
[0003]
These truing and dressing are generally carried out at every predetermined use time (however, dressing is more frequent), and particularly when the grindstone is mounted on the grindstone shaft. That is, when a grindstone having a circular cross section is screwed to the grindstone shaft, the wobble of the grindstone generated when the grindstone is rotated is 10 μm or more, whereas the accuracy required for the product is several μm or less. Also, truing is necessary when a grindstone is mounted on the grindstone shaft.
[0004]
By the way, as a truing or dressing method generally performed, as shown in FIG. 6, a machining method is known in which a dresser B made of diamond or the like is pressed against a grindstone A to be adjusted. ing.
In such a machining method, mechanical stress acts on the grindstone A and the grindstone shaft C that supports the grindstone A to cause deflection and distortion (see (b) in the figure), and high accuracy. Could not be processed. In particular, in recent years, with the downsizing of products, the grindstones that process them have also become smaller in diameter, so that deflection and distortion are more likely to occur.
[0005]
On the other hand, a method of performing truing or dressing in a non-contact manner by irradiating a laser beam has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
In this method, truing or dressing is performed while rotating the grindstone, and when truing, the outer peripheral portion of the grindstone is irradiated with laser light from the tangential direction of the grindstone, while the binder portion of the grindstone is used during dressing. Only the laser beam is selectively irradiated to the laser beam.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-321155 A (paragraphs [0034] [0053])
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the size of the abrasive grains constituting the grindstone is about several μm to several tens of μm, and it is very difficult to irradiate only the binder with the laser avoiding such abrasive grains. There has been a problem that the dressing work time is increased, and as a result, the cycle time for repeating the processing and dressing is increased and the productivity is lowered. In addition, the above-described method has a problem that this difficult operation is performed while rotating the grindstone, which is very difficult to realize.
[0008]
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to enable easy adjustment of the surface shape of a grindstone without contact.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the method for adjusting the surface shape of the grindstone of the first invention made to achieve the above object, the abrasive grains are higher than the binder in order to remove the abrasive grains and the binder constituting the grindstone by irradiation with an energy beam. Use a material that requires energy density. And the 1st setting condition from which the energy density which can remove both an abrasive grain and a binder is obtained by irradiation of an energy beam, and the 2nd setting condition from which the energy density which can mainly remove a binder is obtained Switch. Accordingly, truing is performed to adjust the outer shape of the grindstone to an axisymmetric shape with respect to the rotation axis to which the grindstone is attached under the first setting condition, and on the surface of the grindstone under the second setting condition. Dressing with abrasive grains is performed.
[0010]
In other words, according to the present invention, in the second setting condition, only the binder is removed, and the energy beam is irradiated at such an energy density that the abrasive grains remain without being removed. As in the case of truing, it is not necessary to irradiate the energy beam while avoiding abrasive grains, and the surface shape of the grindstone can be adjusted easily and quickly.
[0011]
Further, according to the present invention, if the energy density necessary for removing the scraps of the workpiece is smaller than the energy density necessary for removing the abrasive grains, the second setting condition is set mainly on the binder and the scraps. By setting so as to obtain a removable energy density, it is possible to remove shavings at the same time only by performing dressing or truing.
[0012]
By the way, as a specific method for realizing the first and second setting conditions, for example, the rotational speed of the grindstone may be changed (the first setting condition is lower than the second setting condition). The condensing diameter at the irradiation point on the grindstone irradiated with the energy beam may be changed (smaller than the second setting condition in the first setting condition), or the intensity of the energy beam may be changed (first The first setting condition may be higher than the second setting condition).
[0013]
In truing, it is desirable to irradiate the energy beam from the tangential direction with respect to the surface of the grindstone, while in dressing, it is desirable to irradiate the energy beam from the normal direction to the surface of the grindstone.
Moreover, as an energy beam, a laser beam can be used, for example. Then, only the part irradiated with the energy beam (laser light) is used to remove the abrasive grains and the binder, and in order not to affect the surrounding area, a large amount of energy is instantaneously irradiated. For this purpose, it is desirable to irradiate the energy beam in pulses and to make the pulse width as short as possible (on the order of picoseconds and femtoseconds). When the pulse width cannot be shortened for some reason, it is desirable to shorten the wavelength of the laser light as much as possible.
[0014]
By the way, in grinding using a grindstone, oil is applied to a workpiece or a grindstone. If truing or dressing is performed on the grindstone to which this oil has adhered, there is a risk that the grinding oil will be ignited by the irradiated energy beam.
Therefore, it is desirable to perform an operation for removing the grinding oil adhering to the surface of the grindstone, for example, blowing off the grinding oil by air blow, at least before starting dressing and truing.
[0015]
Further, not only the grinding oil adhering to the grindstone but also oil mist floating in the air may be ignited by the energy beam. For this reason, it is desirable to perform dressing and truing in an area filled with nonflammable gas.
Next, in the grindstone surface shape adjusting device of the second invention, the rotation driving means drives a rotating shaft to which the grindstone is attached, and the beam irradiating means irradiates an energy beam onto the grindstone rotating together with the rotating shaft. In addition, the switching means has a first setting condition for obtaining an energy density capable of removing both the abrasive grains and the binder by the energy beam irradiation by the beam irradiation means, or an energy density capable of mainly removing the binder. The setting condition is switched to one of the obtained second setting conditions. Then, under the first setting condition, truing is performed to adjust the outer shape of the grindstone to an axisymmetric shape with respect to the rotation axis, and under the second setting condition, dressing for causing abrasive grains to protrude on the surface of the grindstone is performed. Configured to do.
[0016]
That is, the apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus that realizes the method of the first invention, and can obtain the same effects as when the method is performed.
By the way, in order to realize the first and second setting conditions, the rotation speed of the rotating shaft is changed in the rotation driving means according to the switching of the setting conditions by the switching means (the first setting condition is lower than the second setting condition). The intensity of the energy beam may be changed (in the first setting condition, higher than the second setting condition) in accordance with the switching of the setting condition by the switching means.
[0017]
Further, in the case where the beam irradiation means is provided with a condensing means for condensing the energy beam to be irradiated, irradiation on the grindstone to which the energy beam is irradiated according to the setting condition switching by the switching means is provided in the condensing means. You may change the condensing diameter in a point (it makes it smaller than 2nd setting conditions in 1st setting conditions).
[0018]
Further, when a position variable means for changing the relative position between the beam irradiation means and the grindstone is provided, the relative position between the beam irradiation means and the grindstone is set in the position variable means according to the switching of the setting conditions by the switching means. It may be changed. Specifically, the energy beam is irradiated from the tangential direction with respect to the surface of the grindstone under the first setting condition, and the energy beam is irradiated from the direction normal to the surface of the grindstone under the second setting condition.
[0019]
In this case, the position variable unit is configured to translate the beam irradiation unit with respect to the virtual plane including the rotation axis, and the energy beam irradiated from the beam irradiation unit is separated by a distance from the virtual plane. It is desirable to set the focus at
[0020]
That is, the irradiation position on the grindstone to which the energy beam is irradiated becomes closer to the beam irradiation means in the second setting condition than in the first setting condition, and the energy beam is defocused (the condensing diameter is increased). This reduces the energy density per unit area. That is, the energy density at the irradiation position on the grindstone can be easily changed simply by changing the relative position between the beam irradiation means and the grindstone.
[0021]
By the way, an adjustment chamber filled with a non-combustible gas is provided, and the beam irradiation means and the rotation shaft are arranged so that the energy beam is irradiated onto the grindstone in the adjustment chamber, or the oil removal means is disposed on the surface of the grindstone. If it is configured to remove the grinding oil adhering to the surface, ignition by irradiation with an energy beam can be prevented, and safety during use of the apparatus can be improved.
[0022]
The grindstone surface shape adjusting device of the second invention may be configured as a grindstone truing or dressing dedicated device, but may also be configured in a form incorporated in a grinding machine for grinding.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the grindstone surface shape adjusting device of the first embodiment.
[0024]
The grindstone surface shape adjusting device 1 of this embodiment is incorporated in a known grinder that grinds a workpiece with the grindstone 3. However, the grinding machine is provided with a machining area for grinding the workpiece using the grindstone 3 and an adjustment area for adjusting the surface shape of the grindstone 3 (truing or dressing). In the adjustment area, the adjustment chamber 5 filled with a nonflammable gas (for example, nitrogen) is installed.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 1, the grindstone surface shape adjusting device 1 includes a grindstone shaft 11 to which the grindstone 3 is attached, and a rotation drive unit 13 that rotationally drives the grindstone shaft 11. ) And an adjustment area (within the adjustment chamber 5), a grinding wheel base 10 configured to be movable, a grinding wheel base drive unit 20 that three-dimensionally displaces the position of the grinding wheel base 10, and the adjustment chamber 5 A laser irradiation unit 30 that irradiates the grindstone 3 with a laser beam as an energy beam; an air blower 40 that blows air to the grindstone 3 provided in the processing area and blows off the grinding oil adhering to the grindstone 3; and grinding processing And an operation unit 50 for inputting various commands and control amounts for executing adjustment (truing, dressing), and a control unit 60 for controlling each unit according to the input from the operation unit 50. There.
[0026]
However, the grindstone platform 10 and the grindstone platform drive unit 20 share what the grinding machine incorporating the grindstone surface shape adjusting device 1 is provided to fulfill its original function.
Among these, the laser irradiation unit 30 includes an optical system component including a laser oscillator 31 that generates laser light, a reflecting mirror 33 that reflects the laser light, and a lens 35 that condenses the laser light reflected by the reflecting mirror 33. .
[0027]
The laser oscillator 31 includes a femtosecond laser that continuously generates laser light having a pulse width on the order of femtoseconds. The laser oscillator 31 performs on / off control of the generation period of the laser light according to a command from the control unit 60, and It is comprised so that intensity | strength can be set arbitrarily.
[0028]
In addition, the rotation drive unit 13 constituting the grinding wheel base 10 is configured to turn on and off the rotation of the grinding wheel shaft 11 according to a command from the control unit 60 and to arbitrarily set the rotation speed.
Further, the grindstone drive unit 20 moves the grindstone table 10 to the outside or inside of the adjustment chamber 5 in accordance with a command from the control unit 60, and the grindstone 3 with respect to the workpiece to be processed in the outside (processing area) of the adjustment chamber 5. The position is configured so that the position of the grindstone with respect to the laser beam from the laser irradiation unit 30 can be three-dimensionally changed in the adjustment chamber 5 (adjustment area).
[0029]
Further, the air blower 40 is configured to turn on and off the generation of air in accordance with a command from the control unit 60.
Here, the grindstone 3 attached to the grindstone shaft 11 is made of hard and fine abrasive grains made of diamond, borazon (CBN) or the like (in this embodiment, the abrasive grain size is about 30 μm), vitrified, metal bond, resin bond, or the like. It is the well-known thing integrated with the bond (binder) which consists of.
[0030]
However, as shown in FIG. 2, the bond used has an energy (energy density) per unit area required for the removal thereof that is comparable to that of the workpiece (for example, SCM: chrome molybdenum steel), and is used for polishing. As for the grains, those having sufficiently high energy per unit area required for removal compared to the bond or workpiece, in other words, those having sufficiently low removability with respect to laser light are used.
[0031]
In the grindstone surface shape adjusting apparatus 1 configured as described above, when an operation indicating that the workpiece is ground is input from the operation unit 50, the control unit 60 issues a command to the grindstone table driving unit 20. Then, the grindstone platform 10 is moved to the machining area outside the adjustment chamber 5.
[0032]
In addition, when an operation indicating that the surface shape of the grindstone 3 is adjusted (truing or dressing) is input from the operation unit 50, the control unit 60 issues a command to the grindstone drive unit 20 to change the grindstone table 10. Move to the adjustment area inside the adjustment chamber 5.
In addition, since grinding oil is apply | coated to the processed surface of a workpiece at the time of a grinding process, it will be in the state which the grinding oil adhered to the surface of the grindstone 3 at the time of completion | finish of a grinding process. For this reason, the control unit 60 operates the air blower 40 to adhere to the surface of the grindstone 3 before moving the grindstone base 10 from the processing area to the adjustment area in order to adjust the surface shape of the grindstone 3. Execute oil removal work to blow away grinding oil. However, in the adjustment operation performed immediately after attaching the grindstone 3 to the grindstone shaft 11, since the grinding oil is not attached to the grindstone 3, this oil removal operation may be omitted.
[0033]
Next, adjustment work (truing and dressing) performed inside the adjustment chamber 5 will be described.
In this adjustment operation, the control unit 60 first issues a command to the grindstone drive unit 20, thereby setting the position of the grindstone table 10 to the tangent of the grindstone 3 attached to the grindstone shaft 11 as shown in FIG. 3. The laser beam is irradiated from the direction, and the irradiation position of the laser beam on the grindstone 3 is positioned so that the condensing diameter of the laser beam condensed by the lens 35 becomes the smallest (focal position of the lens). To do.
[0034]
Thereafter, the control unit 60 issues a command to the rotation driving unit 13, the grinding wheel base driving unit 20, and the laser oscillator 31, thereby rotating the grinding wheel shaft 11 at a constant speed and causing the laser oscillator 31 to generate a laser beam having a constant intensity. At the same time, the grindstone base 10 is moved at a constant speed along the outer edge of the grindstone 3 in the axial direction of the grindstone shaft 11.
[0035]
However, the laser oscillator 31 generates laser light having the same intensity in truing and dressing. Further, the rotational drive unit 13 has a rotational speed (smaller than that at the time of dressing) at which an energy density (higher than the threshold value E1 in FIG. 2) necessary for removing the abrasive grains 3a is obtained in truing, In the dressing, the rotation speed (greater than that during truing) is obtained such that an energy density (between threshold values E2 to E3 in FIG. 2) that mainly removes the chip 3 of the bond 3b and the workpiece is removed. Thus, the rotational speed of the grindstone shaft 11 is controlled. Further, the grindstone drive unit 20 moves the laser beam irradiation position toward the center of the grindstone shaft 11 by the amount of protrusion of the abrasive grains during dressing rather than during truing.
[0036]
As described above, in the grindstone surface shape adjusting apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the energy per unit area of the laser beam irradiated to the grindstone 3 is changed between dressing and truing, and the abrasive grains 3a are removed by truing. The energy density is such that it remains without being lost.
[0037]
Therefore, according to the grindstone surface shape adjusting device 1 of the present embodiment, it is not necessary to irradiate the laser beam while avoiding the abrasive grains 3a during truing, and the work for adjusting the surface shape of the grindstone 3 can be performed easily and quickly. it can.
Moreover, in this embodiment, since the energy density required for the removal is the same as that of the work material as the bond, the shavings of the work material are also removed at the same time only by performing dressing and truing. be able to.
[0038]
Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the energy density irradiated to the grindstone 3 is changed by changing the rotational speed of the grindstone 3 (grindstone shaft 11), fine adjustment is possible, and femtoseconds are possible. Since laser light is generated using a laser so that the surroundings of the laser light irradiation position are not affected by heat, the abrasive grains 3a and the bonds 3b can be removed with high accuracy. As a result, it is possible to accurately adjust the protrusion amount of the abrasive grains and, consequently, the processed surface roughness obtained as a result of grinding by the grindstone 3.
[0039]
Further, in the present embodiment, not only adjustment work is performed inside the adjustment chamber 5 filled with nonflammable gas, but also before the grindstone 3 (grinding stone base 10) is moved to the adjustment chamber 5, the air blower 40 is used. Since the grinding oil adhering to the grindstone 3 is removed, it is possible to reliably prevent the grinding oil and oil mist from being ignited by the laser beam, and to improve the safety of the adjustment work using the laser beam. Can do.
[0040]
In the present embodiment, the energy density applied to the grindstone 3 is changed by changing the rotation speed of the grindstone shaft 11 while keeping the intensity of the laser beam constant. Conversely, the rotation of the grindstone shaft 11 is rotated. The speed may be constant and the intensity of the laser light may be changed.
[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment will be described.
[0041]
The grindstone surface shape adjusting device 1 of the present embodiment differs from that of the first embodiment only in part of the control content executed by the control unit 60 when adjusting the surface shape of the grindstone 3. Only the control executed by 60 will be described.
First, truing is executed in exactly the same way as in the first embodiment. That is, the controller 60 issues a command to the grindstone drive unit 20, thereby moving the position of the grindstone table 10 from the tangential direction of the grindstone 3 attached to the grindstone shaft 11 as shown in FIG. Positioning is performed such that the laser beam is irradiated and the irradiation position of the laser beam on the grindstone 3 is the position (the focal position of the lens) where the condensed diameter of the laser beam condensed by the lens 35 is the smallest.
[0042]
Thereafter, the control unit 60 issues a command to the rotation driving unit 13, the grinding wheel base driving unit 20, and the laser oscillator 31, thereby rotating the grinding wheel shaft 11 at a constant speed and causing the laser oscillator 31 to generate a laser beam having a constant intensity. At the same time, the grinding wheel base 10 is moved along the outer edge of the grinding wheel 3 in the axial direction of the grinding wheel shaft 11.
[0043]
On the other hand, in the dressing, the control unit 60 issues a command to the grindstone drive unit 20, thereby changing the position of the grindstone table 10 of the grindstone 3 attached to the grindstone shaft 11 as shown in FIG. Positioning is performed at a position where laser light is irradiated from the normal direction of the surface. At this time, the position of the grindstone base 10 is translated with respect to the virtual plane so that the distance D from the virtual plane including the center line of the grindstone shaft 11 to the lens 35 is kept the same as that during truing.
[0044]
That is, at the time of dressing, the condensing diameter of the laser beam at the laser beam irradiation position on the grindstone 3 is larger than that at truing, and if the laser beam has the same intensity, the energy per unit area irradiated on the grindstone 3 Is designed to be less than when truing.
[0045]
Thereafter, the control unit 60 issues a command to the rotation driving unit 13, the grinding wheel base driving unit 20, and the laser oscillator 31, thereby rotating the grinding wheel shaft 11 at a constant speed and causing the laser oscillator 31 to generate a laser beam having a constant intensity. At the same time, the grinding wheel base 10 is moved at a constant speed along the axial direction of the grinding wheel shaft 11.
[0046]
However, the laser oscillator 31 generates laser light having the same intensity in truing and dressing, and the rotation driving unit 13 is also set to drive the grindstone shaft 11 at the same rotational speed in truing and dressing. The intensity of the laser beam and the rotation speed of the grindstone shaft 11 are higher than E1 during truing due to the movement of the irradiation position of the radar beam, and between E2 and E3 during dressing. (See FIG. 2).
[0047]
As described above, in the grindstone surface shape adjusting device 1 of the present embodiment, by changing the irradiation position of the laser beam on the grindstone 3, and changing the condensed diameter of the laser beam at the irradiation position, Except for changing the energy density applied to the grindstone, the configuration is exactly the same as in the first embodiment.
[0048]
Therefore, according to the grindstone surface shape adjusting device 1 of the present embodiment, not only can the same effect as in the case of the first embodiment be obtained, but the rotation drive unit 13 always drives the grindstone shaft 11 at a constant rotation speed. Therefore, the apparatus configuration and control can be simplified.
By the way, in this embodiment, the condensing diameter of the laser light at the irradiation position is changed by changing the irradiation position of the laser light. However, as shown in FIG. The condensing diameter may be changed by changing the distance D between the lens 35 and the lens 35. Moreover, you may comprise so that a condensing diameter may be changed by changing both an irradiation position and the distance D. FIG.
[0049]
As a method of changing the distance D, the grinding wheel base 10 may be moved closer to the lens 35 by the grinding wheel base driving unit 20, or a mechanism for moving the position of the lens 35 is added to make the lens 35 a virtual surface. You may make it approach.
As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, it is possible to implement in various aspects.
[0050]
For example, in the above embodiment, the grindstone 3 is irradiated by changing any one of the rotation speed of the grindstone shaft 11, the intensity of the laser beam generated by the laser oscillator 31, and the condensed diameter of the laser beam on the grindstone 3. Although the energy density to be changed is changed, the energy density may be changed by any combination thereof.
[0051]
The irradiation direction of the laser light is not limited to the tangential direction or normal direction of the surface of the grindstone 3, and irradiation may be performed from any direction.
Further, in the above embodiment, a femtosecond laser is used as the laser oscillator 31. However, the laser oscillator 31 is not limited to this, and if the necessary energy can be obtained, the wavelength of the picosecond laser or the laser light to be generated is changed. A short (high energy) THG laser or the like may be used.
[0052]
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the grindstone base drive part 20 performs the movement of the grindstone base 10 between a process area and an adjustment area (inside and outside of the adjustment chamber 5), this movement is performed manually and grinding is performed. You may comprise so that only the precise position control at the time of a process and adjustment may be performed by the grindstone base drive part 20. FIG.
[0053]
Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the grindstone surface shape adjustment apparatus 1 is incorporated in the grinding machine, you may comprise this as an independent apparatus independent from the grinding machine.
Furthermore, grinding may be included between the truing operation and the dressing operation.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a grindstone surface shape adjusting device according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the removability of abrasive grains, bonds, and workpieces to a laser.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a control method in the first embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a control method in the second embodiment.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a control method in a modification of the second embodiment.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a problem of a method for adjusting a machined grindstone surface shape.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Grinding wheel surface shape adjustment apparatus, 3 ... Grinding wheel, 3a ... Abrasive grain, 3b ... Bond, 5 ... Adjustment chamber, 10 ... Grinding wheel base, 13 ... Wheel driving part, 20 ... Grinding wheel base driving part, 30 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Laser irradiation part, 31 ... Laser oscillator, 33 ... Reflector, 35 ... Lens, 40 ... Air blower, 50 ... Operation part, 60 ... Control part.

Claims (18)

A grindstone surface shape adjusting method for adjusting the surface shape of a grindstone formed by fixing abrasive grains with a binder by irradiating an energy beam,
In order to remove the abrasive grains and the binder constituting the grindstone by irradiation with the energy beam, the abrasive grains are made of a material that requires a higher energy density than the binder,
First setting condition for obtaining an energy density capable of removing both the abrasive grains and the binder by irradiation of the energy beam, and a second setting for obtaining an energy density capable of mainly removing the binder. By switching between conditions
Under the first setting condition, truing is performed to adjust the outer shape of the grindstone to an axisymmetric shape with respect to the rotation axis to which the grindstone is attached, and under the second setting condition, the surface of the grindstone A method for adjusting the surface shape of a grindstone, characterized in that dressing for causing abrasive grains to protrude is performed. 2. The method for adjusting a grindstone surface shape according to claim 1, wherein under the first set condition, the rotational speed of the grindstone is set to be lower than that in the second set condition. The grindstone according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first setting condition is such that a condensing diameter at an irradiation point on the grindstone irradiated with the energy beam is smaller than that in the second setting condition. Surface shape adjustment method. The method for adjusting a grindstone surface shape according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an intensity of the energy beam is set higher in the first setting condition than in the second setting condition. In the truing, the irradiation of the energy beam is performed from a tangential direction with respect to the surface of the grindstone. The method for adjusting a grindstone surface shape according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 6. The method for adjusting a grindstone surface shape according to claim 1, wherein in the dressing, the energy beam is irradiated from a direction normal to the surface of the grindstone. The grindstone surface shape adjusting method according to claim 1, wherein the energy beam is a laser beam. The grinding wheel surface shape adjusting method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein an operation for removing grinding oil adhered to the surface of the grinding wheel is performed at least before the start of dressing and truing. The grindstone surface shape adjusting method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the dressing and truing are performed in a region filled with nonflammable gas. A grindstone surface shape adjusting device that adjusts the surface shape of a grindstone formed by fixing abrasive grains with a binder by irradiating an energy beam,
A rotating shaft to which the grindstone is attached;
A rotation driving means for driving the rotation shaft;
Beam irradiation means for irradiating the grinding wheel with an energy beam;
Irradiation of the energy beam by the beam irradiating means provides a first setting condition for obtaining an energy density capable of removing both the abrasive grains and the binder, or an energy density capable of mainly removing the binder. Switching means for switching the setting condition to one of the second setting conditions;
Truing to adjust the outer shape of the grindstone to an axisymmetric shape with respect to the rotation axis under the first setting condition, and grind the surface of the grindstone under the second setting condition. A grindstone surface shape adjusting device characterized by performing dressing for protruding grains. 11. The rotation driving unit according to claim 10, wherein the rotation speed of the rotating shaft is set to be lower than the second setting condition in the first setting condition in accordance with the switching of the setting condition by the switching unit. Grinding wheel surface shape adjustment device. The said beam irradiation means makes the intensity | strength of the said energy beam higher than the said 2nd setting condition in the said 1st setting condition according to the switching of the setting conditions by the said switching means. The grindstone surface shape adjusting device as described. Condensing means for condensing the energy beam irradiated by the beam irradiation means,
In accordance with the switching of the setting conditions by the switching means, the condensing means determines the condensing diameter at the irradiation point on the grindstone irradiated with the energy beam from the second setting conditions in the first setting conditions. The grindstone surface shape adjusting device according to claim 10, wherein the grindstone surface shape adjusting device is made smaller. A position variable means for changing a relative position between the beam irradiation means and the grindstone;
The position variable means is irradiated with the energy beam from a tangential direction with respect to the surface of the grindstone under the first setting condition according to switching of the setting conditions by the switching means, and with respect to the surface of the grindstone under the second setting condition. The grindstone surface shape adjusting device according to claim 10, wherein the relative position is changed so that the energy beam is irradiated from a normal direction. The position variable means translates the beam irradiation means with respect to a virtual plane including the rotation axis,
15. The grindstone surface shape adjusting device according to claim 14, wherein the energy beam irradiated by the beam irradiating means is set to focus at a position separated from the virtual plane by a distance. It has a regulation chamber filled with incombustible gas,
The grindstone surface according to any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein the beam irradiation means and the rotation shaft are arranged so that the energy beam is irradiated onto the grindstone in the adjustment chamber. Shape adjustment device. The grindstone surface shape adjusting device according to any one of claims 10 to 16, further comprising oil removing means for removing grinding oil adhering to the surface of the grindstone. A grinder comprising the grindstone surface shape adjusting device according to claim 10.

Images