JP2004257859A - Edge shape detection method of metal band - Google Patents

Edge shape detection method of metal band Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004257859A
JP2004257859A JP2003048805A JP2003048805A JP2004257859A JP 2004257859 A JP2004257859 A JP 2004257859A JP 2003048805 A JP2003048805 A JP 2003048805A JP 2003048805 A JP2003048805 A JP 2003048805A JP 2004257859 A JP2004257859 A JP 2004257859A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
light
metal band
edge
image sensor
waveform
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JP2003048805A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Mikio Futaki
幹雄 二木
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Nippon Steel Nisshin Co Ltd
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Nisshin Steel Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2003048805A priority Critical patent/JP2004257859A/en
Publication of JP2004257859A publication Critical patent/JP2004257859A/en
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  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To detect defects such as an edge wave, an edge cut or a hole on the edge part of a metal band successively with high accuracy. <P>SOLUTION: A one-dimensional image sensor extending in the width direction is arranged on the edge part surface of the conveyed metal band, and a waveform sinal at every fixed time of the image sensor is accumulated in a memory of a shape determination device and compared successively with a prescribed stationary waveform, to thereby detect a shape failure of the edge part of the metal band. The one-dimensional image sensor is constituted of a light projecting part for projecting light to the metal band, and a light receiving part installed on the opposite side of the projecting part across the metal band, and a waveform sinal is formed corresponding to the one-dimensional light quantity extending in the width direction including the edge part sensed by a light receiving element of the light receiving part. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、搬送される金属帯のエッジ部の形状を把握する方法に関し、とくに金属帯エッジ部に発生する耳波や耳切れ等の形状検出方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
例えば、鋼帯を冷間圧延する場合、鋼帯幅方向の圧延条件の相違により鋼帯のエッジ部が中央部に比べて伸びることで発生する「耳波」と呼ばれる波打ち形状が鋼帯のエッジ部に発生することがある。
また、鋼帯を連続ラインで処理する際に「耳切れ」と呼ばれる鋼帯エッジ部の割れが発生することもある。
従来より、これらの品質異常の検出は検査作業員による目視で行うことが多く、製品となりうる鋼帯が処理されている間、常時監視する必要があった。
【0003】
鋼帯のエッジ形状または疵を検出する技術として、特開平1−320455号には冷延鋼板を挟んで下側に投光器を、上側に受光器を配置した光学式のエッジ形状検出装置で、投光器から投光された光が鋼板の正常部は遮光されるが、エッジの割れや孔といった欠陥部は光が通過することを利用し欠陥部を検出する技術が開示されている。
また、特開平9−72858号、特開平9−72859号には、通板される鋼帯にレーザ光を照射し、鋼帯から反射された拡散反射光を受光し鋼帯のエッジ疵を検出する技術が開示されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、特開平1−320455号に開示される技術をはじめとした光学式センサによる検出方法では、鋼帯の耳切れや孔といった光の明暗の境界の変動が比較的大きくはっきりしたものについては検出しやすいが、耳波のような光の明暗の境界の変動が小さいものを高精度に検出することは困難であると考えられる。
また、特開平9−72858号、特開平9−72859号では、鋼帯エッジ部に発生する耳波形状が照射されたレーザ光の正反射成分が直接受光部に入射することで生じる誤検出の原因とし、その対策としてレーザ照射角度を傾斜させることが開示されているが、耳波部自体の検出方法は何ら示唆されていない。
【0005】
本発明は、上記のような問題点を解決するためになされたもので、金属帯のエッジ部における耳波、耳切れ、孔等の欠陥を逐次高精度で検出できる方法を提供する。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は上記目的を達成するために、搬送される金属帯のエッジ部表面に、幅方向に延びる一次元イメージセンサを配置し、該イメージセンサの一定時間毎の波形信号を形状判定装置のメモリに蓄積し、所定の定常波形と逐次比較することにより、金属帯のエッジ部の形状不良を検出できるようにした。
前記一次元イメージセンサは、金属帯に光を投光する投光部と、前記金属帯を挟んで前記投光部と反対側に設置される受光部から構成され、前記受光部の受光素子が感知するエッジ部を含む幅方向に延びる一次元の光量に応じて波形信号を形成することを特徴としている。
なお、本発明でいう金属帯とは、冷延鋼帯やめっき鋼帯等の鋼帯や所定長さに切断された各種金属板等を意味する。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
[形状検出装置の構成]
金属帯エッジ部の形状検出装置の例を図1に示す。金属帯1を挟むように設置された投光器2からイメージセンサ3へ、光が常時照射してあり、金属帯エッジ部がその光の範囲を通るように設定されている。
従って、投光器より照射される光は通板される帯板で遮光される部分と遮光されずにそのままイメージセンサで受光される部分とに大別され、遮光部と受光部の境界の変動によりエッジの形状を判定する。
光を照射する投光器と光を受光するイメージセンサは帯板を挟むように設置するが、設置方法については通板される板幅の範囲に対応可能な位置に固定しても、あるいは、確実に少ない範囲で帯板のエッジ部を捉えられるように、帯板の幅変更にあわせてエッジ部に追従させてもよい。
【0008】
イメージセンサは、投光器より照射される光を通板される帯板の幅方向に走査し、金属帯によって遮られなかった光を受光部の集光レンズを通し受光素子で受ける。
イメージセンサで帯板の幅方向に走査する精度は、帯板エッジ耳波形状で発生する微小な光の明暗を確実に検出するために、走査する長さ300mmに対し2048ビット〜4096ビットとするのが望ましい。また、走査速度は通板される帯板の速度によるが、数十回/秒程度の速度で走査すれば、鋼帯処理ラインのような高速ラインでも鋼帯のエッジ部の形状の判定は可能である。
【0009】
次に、金属帯エッジ部の形状判定方法を説明する。
図2に金属帯エッジ部の形状検出方法を示している。イメージセンサ3は、投光器2が光を照射する範囲内で、かつ、帯板エッジ部を検出できる位置を帯板の幅方向、例えば帯板の幅方向外側から内側に向かって帯板のエッジ部を含む長さ300mm程度の範囲を走査する。光は集光レンズ5を通り受光素子4で受光するが、この時、帯板エッジ部の耳波の微小な光の境界の変動を検出するため、受光精度は2048ビット、即ち、走査長さが300mmの場合、300/2048mmの精度とする。
光の受光および遮光で受光素子4に検出された金属帯エッジ部形状の波形は形状判定装置6にメモリされる。形状判定装置6には1回前に走査したものから10回前に走査した程度までの波形データがメモリされており、1回走査し波形を得るごとに更新される。形状判定装置6は、走査して得られた波形とメモリされている10回前程度分の波形とを比較し、金属帯エッジ部の形状を認識して判定する。
【0010】
図3(a)は帯板のエッジ部が正常な場合の波形を示したものである。帯板エッジ部には耳切れや耳波といった形状不良がないため、受光部7と遮光部8との境界線がほぼ一直線となり、得られる波形はほぼ同一である。
【0011】
図3(b)は帯板エッジ部に耳切れがあった場合の波形を示したものである。帯板エッジ部に耳切れがある場合は、それまで前記図3(a)のごとく正常であった波形が、受光部7と遮光部8との境界線が大きく変動しており、耳切れ部が検出されたことがわかる。
一般的に帯板エッジ部の耳切れの大きさは、イメージセンサが走査する精度に比べて非常に大きなものであり、連続的には発生し得ないため、形状判定装置はこの波形の変動幅と変動回数で耳切れを判定することが可能である。
【0012】
図3(c)は帯板エッジ部に耳波が発生した場合の波形を示したものである。帯板エッジ部に耳波が発生した場合は、エッジの耳波形状、即ち、帯板の表裏方向への凸凹の発生により、微小ではあるが概略波型を示す波形となり、耳波形状の性質上その波形の変動は継続する。
また、耳波部を走査したとき得られる波形は微小なものであるため、耳切れ部を走査したときに得られる波形と明確に区分できる。形状判定装置は受光部と遮光部との境界線の変動幅と変動の連続性で耳波であると判定することができる。
【0013】
図3(d)は帯板が蛇行した場合の波形を示したものである。帯板の蛇行はエッジ形状には関係なく大きな周期で発生するため、得られる波形の変動はほとんどないか、あるいは、徐々に受光部が単調増加または単調減少するといった波形の変動を示す。
【0014】
イメージセンサの走査精度を2048ビット以上としたのは図3(c)に示す微小な波形の変化を確実に得るためで、従来の光学式センサでは耳切れ等の比較的大きな欠陥は検出できても、耳波の微小な変化は検出できなかった。
また、走査精度はビット値を高くすれば向上するが、4096ビット以上にしてもイメージセンサの負荷が増大するだけで、帯板のエッジ部の形状不良の検出には影響がない。
【0015】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したとおり、本発明によれば、金属帯のエッジ部における耳波、耳切れ、孔等の欠陥を逐次高精度で検出することができるので、従来の検査作業員の目視判定や検出方法に比べ、効率的で高精度の品質管理が可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に使用する形状検出装置の一例を示す図
【図2】本発明の金属帯エッジ部の形状検出方法を示す図
【図3】金属帯のエッジ部を走査した波形の一例を表す図
【符号の説明】
1 金属帯
2 投光器
3 イメージセンサ
4 受光素子
5 集光レンズ
6 形状判定装置
7 受光部
8 遮光部
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for grasping the shape of an edge portion of a metal strip to be conveyed, and more particularly to a method for detecting a shape of an ear wave or a cut edge generated at an edge portion of a metal strip.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, when a steel strip is cold-rolled, a wavy shape called “ear wave” that is generated when the edge portion of the steel strip is elongated compared to the central portion due to a difference in rolling conditions in the width direction of the steel strip has an edge of the steel strip. May occur in some parts.
Further, when the steel strip is treated in a continuous line, a crack at the edge of the steel strip, which is referred to as “ear cut”, may occur.
Conventionally, detection of these quality abnormalities is often performed visually by an inspection worker, and it is necessary to constantly monitor the steel strip which can be a product while it is being processed.
[0003]
As a technique for detecting an edge shape or a flaw of a steel strip, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-320455 discloses an optical edge shape detection device in which a light projector is arranged below a cold-rolled steel sheet and a light receiver is arranged above. There is disclosed a technology for detecting a defective portion by utilizing light passing through a normal portion of a steel plate with light projected from a normal portion of the steel plate, but transmitting light through a defective portion such as a crack or a hole in an edge.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 9-72885 and 9-72859 disclose that a steel strip to be passed is irradiated with a laser beam, receives diffused reflected light reflected from the steel strip, and detects an edge flaw of the steel strip. A technique for performing this is disclosed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the detection method using an optical sensor such as the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-320455, detection is performed on a steel strip having a relatively large and clear boundary between light and dark boundaries, such as a cut edge or a hole. However, it is considered that it is difficult to detect, with a high degree of accuracy, an object such as an ear wave, in which the boundary between light and dark is small.
Further, in JP-A-9-72885 and JP-A-9-72859, an erroneous detection caused by a specular reflection component of a laser beam irradiated with an ear wave shape generated at an edge portion of a steel strip being directly incident on a light receiving unit is disclosed. As a cause, it is disclosed that the laser irradiation angle is inclined as a countermeasure, but no method of detecting the ear wave itself is suggested.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and provides a method capable of sequentially detecting defects such as ear waves, ear breaks, and holes at an edge portion of a metal strip with high accuracy.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a one-dimensional image sensor extending in a width direction is arranged on a surface of an edge portion of a metal strip to be conveyed, and a waveform signal of the image sensor every predetermined time is stored in a memory of a shape determination device. And by successively comparing with a predetermined steady waveform, it is possible to detect a shape defect at the edge of the metal band.
The one-dimensional image sensor includes a light projecting unit that projects light on a metal band, and a light receiving unit that is installed on the opposite side of the metal band with respect to the light projecting unit. It is characterized in that a waveform signal is formed in accordance with a one-dimensional light amount extending in a width direction including an edge portion to be sensed.
In the present invention, the metal strip means a steel strip such as a cold-rolled steel strip or a plated steel strip, or various metal plates cut to a predetermined length.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[Configuration of shape detection device]
FIG. 1 shows an example of an apparatus for detecting the shape of a metal band edge. Light is constantly radiated from the light projector 2 disposed so as to sandwich the metal band 1 to the image sensor 3, and the metal band edge is set to pass through the range of the light.
Therefore, the light emitted from the light projector is roughly divided into a portion that is shielded by the band plate that passes through and a portion that is received by the image sensor without being shielded, and the edge is changed due to a change in the boundary between the light shielding portion and the light receiving portion. Is determined.
The projector that emits light and the image sensor that receives light are installed so that the strip is sandwiched.However, the installation method can be fixed at a position that can correspond to the range of the width of the board to be passed, or securely. In order to catch the edge of the strip in a small range, the edge may be followed in accordance with the width change of the strip.
[0008]
The image sensor scans in the width direction of the band through which the light emitted from the light projector passes, and receives light that is not blocked by the metal band through the condenser lens of the light receiving unit and receives the light by the light receiving element.
The accuracy of scanning in the width direction of the band by the image sensor is set to 2048 bits to 4096 bits for a scanning length of 300 mm in order to reliably detect the brightness of minute light generated in the shape of the band edge wave. It is desirable. In addition, the scanning speed depends on the speed of the strip to be passed, but if scanning at a speed of about several tens of times / second, the shape of the edge of the steel strip can be determined even on a high-speed line such as a steel strip processing line. It is.
[0009]
Next, a method of determining the shape of the metal band edge will be described.
FIG. 2 shows a method for detecting the shape of the metal band edge. The image sensor 3 moves the position within the range where the light projector 2 irradiates light and can detect the edge of the strip to the width direction of the strip, for example, from the outside to the inside in the width direction of the strip. Is scanned over a range of about 300 mm in length. The light passes through the condenser lens 5 and is received by the light receiving element 4. At this time, the light receiving accuracy is 2048 bits, that is, the scanning length, in order to detect the fluctuation of the minute light boundary of the ear wave at the edge of the band plate. Is 300 mm, the accuracy is 300/2048 mm.
The waveform of the shape of the metal band edge detected by the light receiving element 4 by receiving and blocking light is stored in the shape determining device 6. The shape judging device 6 stores waveform data from the one scanned one time before to the extent scanned ten times before, and is updated every time one scan is performed to obtain a waveform. The shape determination device 6 compares the waveform obtained by scanning with the stored waveform about ten times before and recognizes and determines the shape of the metal band edge portion.
[0010]
FIG. 3A shows a waveform when the edge of the strip is normal. Since there is no shape defect such as a cut edge or an ear wave at the band plate edge portion, the boundary between the light receiving portion 7 and the light shielding portion 8 is substantially straight, and the obtained waveforms are substantially the same.
[0011]
FIG. 3B shows a waveform when the edge of the strip is cut off. If the edge of the strip is cut off, the waveform which was normal as shown in FIG. It can be seen that was detected.
In general, the size of the cut edge at the edge of the strip is very large compared to the scanning accuracy of the image sensor, and cannot be generated continuously. It is possible to determine the ear break by the number of times of change.
[0012]
FIG. 3C shows a waveform when an ear wave is generated at the edge portion of the strip. When an ear wave is generated at the edge of the strip, the shape of the edge wave, that is, a small but rough waveform due to the occurrence of irregularities in the front and back directions of the strip, is a characteristic of the ear wave shape. In addition, the fluctuation of the waveform continues.
Further, since the waveform obtained when scanning the ear wave portion is minute, it can be clearly distinguished from the waveform obtained when scanning the ear cut portion. The shape determination device can determine an ear wave based on the fluctuation width and the continuity of the fluctuation of the boundary between the light receiving unit and the light shielding unit.
[0013]
FIG. 3D shows a waveform when the band plate meanders. Since the meandering of the band plate occurs at a large cycle irrespective of the edge shape, there is almost no fluctuation of the obtained waveform, or the fluctuation of the waveform is such that the light receiving section monotonically increases or monotonically decreases.
[0014]
The reason why the scanning accuracy of the image sensor is set to 2048 bits or more is to surely obtain the minute waveform change shown in FIG. 3C, and the conventional optical sensor can detect relatively large defects such as truncated ears. However, no minute change in the ear wave could be detected.
The scanning accuracy is improved by increasing the bit value. However, even if the bit value is increased to 4096 bits or more, only the load on the image sensor is increased, and the detection of the shape defect of the edge portion of the strip is not affected.
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to sequentially detect defects such as ear waves, ear breaks, and holes in the edge portion of a metal band, and therefore, a conventional visual judgment and detection method of an inspection worker. As compared with the above, efficient and high-precision quality control becomes possible.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a shape detection device used in the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a shape detection method of a metal band edge portion of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an example of a waveform obtained by scanning an edge portion of a metal band. [Description of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Metal strip 2 Projector 3 Image sensor 4 Light receiving element 5 Condensing lens 6 Shape judging device 7 Light receiving section 8 Light shielding section

Claims (2)

搬送される金属帯のエッジ部表面に、幅方向に延びる一次元イメージセンサを配置し、該イメージセンサの一定時間毎の波形信号を形状判定装置のメモリに蓄積し、所定の定常波形と逐次比較することにより、金属帯のエッジ部の形状不良を検出することを特徴とする金属帯のエッジ形状検出方法。A one-dimensional image sensor extending in the width direction is arranged on the surface of the edge portion of the metal strip to be conveyed, and a waveform signal of the image sensor at regular intervals is stored in a memory of the shape determination device, and is sequentially compared with a predetermined steady waveform. A method for detecting a shape defect of an edge portion of the metal band. 請求項1記載の一次元イメージセンサが、金属帯に光を投光する投光部と、前記金属帯を挟んで前記投光部と反対側に設置される受光部から構成され、前記受光部の受光素子が感知するエッジ部を含む幅方向に延びる一次元の光量に応じて波形信号を形成することを特徴とする金属帯のエッジ形状検出方法。The one-dimensional image sensor according to claim 1, further comprising: a light projecting unit that projects light on the metal band; and a light receiving unit that is installed on the opposite side of the metal band with respect to the light projecting unit. Forming a waveform signal in accordance with a one-dimensional light amount extending in a width direction including an edge portion sensed by the light receiving element.
JP2003048805A 2003-02-26 2003-02-26 Edge shape detection method of metal band Withdrawn JP2004257859A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006133042A (en) * 2004-11-04 2006-05-25 V Technology Co Ltd Defect detection method of optically-transparent multilayered flat inspection object
JP2018179595A (en) * 2017-04-05 2018-11-15 株式会社カネカ Device for determining presence or absence of fine crack at edge part of conveyance film, and film manufacturing method
EP3795984A4 (en) * 2018-05-14 2021-07-07 Yoshino Gypsum Co., Ltd. Inspection device, plate-like object manufacturing device, inspection method, and plate-like object manufacturing method
EP4141428A4 (en) * 2020-08-18 2023-08-16 Primetals Technologies Japan, Ltd. Edge crack detection apparatus, rolling equipment, and edge crack detection method

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006133042A (en) * 2004-11-04 2006-05-25 V Technology Co Ltd Defect detection method of optically-transparent multilayered flat inspection object
JP4619748B2 (en) * 2004-11-04 2011-01-26 株式会社ブイ・テクノロジー Defect detection method for multilayer flat plate inspection object having optical transparency
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