JP2004239048A - Variable pad and rail height adjusting method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a variable pad for reducing the number of required workers by dispensing with monitoring of an air bleeding port, improving working efficiency, causing no wastefulness of a resin liquid, and eliminating fear of staining the periphery by the outflow resin liquid. <P>SOLUTION: This variable pad is interposed under a rail 36, and adjusts the height of the rail by an injection quantity of the resin liquid, and supports a rail load by hardening the resin liquid, and has a resin bag body 38a, a resin injection port 58 for introducing the resin liquid into this bag body 38a, the air bleeding port 60 arranged in this bag body 38a and a filter-like filling plug 60a loaded in this air bleeding port 60, being small in a pressure loss to air and being large to the resin liquid. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  When a rail is fastened to a track slab or a PC sleeper, a tie plate is fixed to the track slab or the PC sleeper, and a rail is mounted on the tie plate with a variable pad and a track pad interposed therebetween to hold the rail. An example of such a variable pad is shown in Patent Document 1 below.

JP-A-8-41803

  Here, the variable pad is a bag into which resin is injected, and adjusts the height of the rail surface by adjusting the amount of injected resin. This resin supports the rail load by being cured after being injected into the bag.

  The track pad is mounted on the variable pad, and is formed by bonding a rubber plate to a lower surface of a metal plate such as a stainless plate. This rubber absorbs the impact of the rail. In addition, the metal plate facilitates sliding of the rail when the rail contacting the upper surface expands or contracts due to a temperature change or the like.

  FIG. 9 is a view showing a conventional variable pad and a method of using the same. In FIG. 9A, reference numeral 1 denotes a variable pad, which is formed by welding the peripheral edges of a pair of upper and lower transparent resin sheets into a substantially rectangular bag shape in plan view. In this figure, reference numeral 2 denotes the peripheral welded portion.

  The variable pad 1 is formed by integrally forming a rectangular bag body 3 and a resin injection port 4 and an air vent port 5 protruding outward from corners at diagonal positions thereof. That is, passages serving as the resin inlet 4 and the air vent 5 are formed between a pair of upper and lower sheets. The resin inlet 4 is provided with a one-way valve 6 for preventing backflow of the resin liquid.

  The variable pad 1 is inserted together with a track pad (not shown) between a rail bottom surface (not shown) and a tie plate (not shown) when a normal rail is fixed to a sleeper. Then, a resin liquid is injected into the resin injection port 4 in this state. FIG. 9B shows this injection process, and reference numeral 7 denotes the injected resin liquid. Since air is contained in the variable pad 1, the air in the bag body 3 of the variable pad 1 is driven into the air vent 5 by the injection of the resin liquid 7 and discharged to the atmosphere.

  When the air inside the bag body 3 completely escapes, the resin liquid 7 starts flowing out of the air vent 5. FIG. 9C shows this state. Then, the operator quickly presses the air vent 5 with a fingertip and closes the air vent 5 with the clip 8. FIG. 9D shows this state. In this state, the thickness of the variable pad 1 is adjusted by controlling the supply amount of the resin liquid. When the thickness becomes appropriate, the supply of the resin liquid is stopped. Since the one-way valve 6 is attached to the resin inlet 4, the resin liquid in the bag body 3 does not flow backward.

  In this state, the resin liquid is cured by waiting for an appropriate time. This cure allows the variable pad to support rail loads. After the resin is cured, the resin injection port 4 and the air vent 5 are unnecessary, so that they are cut near their roots. The line indicated by 9 in FIG. 9 (D) indicates this cutting position.

  In the conventional variable pad 1, at least one worker is required to inject the resin liquid into the resin injection port 4, and also, the resin liquid starts to flow out from the air vent 5 by monitoring the flow. Immediately before or immediately after the start of the outflow, at least one additional worker is required to close the air vent 5. For this reason, at least two workers are required, and there is a problem that work efficiency is poor.

  Immediately before closing the air vent 5, it is inevitable that the resin liquid slightly flows out, and if the monitoring by the operator is inappropriate, the resin liquid will flow out of the air vent 5 with great force. For this reason, there has been a problem that the amount of wasted resin liquid increases, and the outflowing resin liquid stains the surroundings.

  Further, when the resin filling device is cut off from the resin injection port 4 after the injection of the resin is completed, it is inevitable that a small amount of the resin liquid drips from the resin injection port 4. For this reason, there is also a problem that the periphery near the resin injection port 4 is also soiled.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is possible to reduce the number of required workers by omitting the monitoring of an air vent, to improve work efficiency, and to waste resin liquid. It is a first object of the present invention to provide a variable pad which can eliminate the possibility that the resin liquid flowing out does not stain the surroundings. A second object of the present invention is to provide a variable pad which can prevent the resin liquid from dripping to the surroundings and contaminating the surroundings when the resin filling device (pump) is separated from the resin filling port after the resin filling is completed. The purpose of. A third object is to provide a rail height adjusting method using the variable pad.

  According to the present invention, a first object is to provide a variable pad which is interposed below a rail, adjusts a thickness by an injection amount of a resin liquid, and supports a rail load by curing the resin liquid. A bag body, a resin inlet for introducing the resin liquid into the bag body, an air vent provided in the bag main body, and a filter having a small pressure loss with respect to the air and a large pressure loss with respect to the resin liquid. And a filling pad.

  The second object can be achieved by attaching a plastically deformable bone member to a resin injection port of the variable pad along a resin passage. This bone member is bent upward together with the resin injection port after the resin injection is completed, so that the resin in the variable pad can be prevented from dripping out of the resin injection port.

  A third object is to provide a rail height adjusting method in which a variable pad is interposed below the rail to adjust the rail height. A) The rail is held at a predetermined height using a detachable rail height holder. A gap is formed below the rail, and b) a resin-unfilled variable pad according to any of claims 1 to 12 is inserted into the gap formed below the rail in step a). Injecting the resin from the resin injection port while pushing out the air in the pad; d) Continue injecting the resin until the variable pad is thick enough to fill the gap formed in step a) after the air is exhausted from the air release port. And e) stopping the injection of the resin after the thickness of the variable pad becomes appropriate and curing the resin, and f) removing the rail height holder used in the step a) after the resin is cured. And rail height Settling method, it is achieved by.

According to the first aspect, the following effects can be obtained.
(A) When the air is completely removed from the air vent, the resin penetrates the filling plug and is automatically closed, so that the work of monitoring the air vent and closing it in a timely manner becomes unnecessary. For this reason, the number of workers can be reduced, and work efficiency can be improved.
(B) Since the resin liquid does not flow out of the air vent, wasteful consumption of the resin liquid can be prevented.
(C) Since the resin liquid does not flow out from the air vent, the resin liquid does not flow out and contaminate the surroundings.

  According to the second aspect, by bending the resin inlet upward after filling with the resin, it is possible to prevent the resin liquid from dripping from the resin inlet and prevent the surroundings from being stained.

  According to the third aspect, a rail height adjusting method using the variable pad is obtained.

  The variable pad can be formed into a flat bag shape by pressing (including thermocompression bonding and welding) the periphery of a pair of upper and lower sheets, and the resin injection port and air vent are corners at diagonal positions of the bag body. It is desirable to integrally form the bag body with a small-diameter passage projecting outward from the bag body.

  The plug can be an air filter that is long along the length of the air vent. As the filling plug, a material obtained by compressing cotton into a stick shape can be used. Instead of cotton, a nonwoven fabric formed into a rod shape, a filter of open cells such as a urethane sponge, a hemp string, and a cigarette filter may be used. The function required for this filling plug is that the pressure loss to the resin liquid is greater than the pressure loss to air (pressure loss, passage resistance), and an air filter having ordinary fine open cells has a high viscosity (large). An extremely large pressure loss (passage resistance) is generated for the resin liquid.

  When the stuffer is thermocompression-bonded to a pair of upper and lower sheets forming the bag body, the upper and lower sheets are preferably thermocompressed from above the stuffer across the air vent. If the filling plug is made of a material (such as cotton) that does not melt at the heat welding temperature of the sheet, the filling plug will not melt and lose air permeability during this thermocompression bonding, and only the sheet will be heat welded reliably, The melted sheet slightly penetrates the surface of the filling plug, so that the filling plug and the sheet are securely bonded. For this reason, it is possible to ensure the close contact between the filling plug and the air vent and prevent the resin from leaking outside around the filling plug.

  The filling plug may include a component that promotes curing of the resin liquid, and for example, a plug that includes a component that functions as a curing agent for the resin liquid can be used. The resin liquid is desirably a two-liquid mixture type in which the main agent and the curing agent are mixed immediately before injection, and cured after a predetermined time (several tens seconds, preferably 15 to 20 seconds at room temperature).

  If a one-way valve is attached to the resin injection port, it is possible to prevent the resin from flowing backward from the variable pad and dripping outside when the resin injection is completed and the resin injection nozzle is removed from the resin injection port. It is preferable that the resin injection port has a sufficiently large inner diameter to reduce the pressure drop during resin injection. For example, when the viscosity of the resin is set to about 2000 mPa · s (= 2000 centipoise) or less at 20 ° C. and the inner diameter is set to 10 mm or more, a good result can be obtained in a cold place or a very hot place.

  In addition, if a bone member such as a plastically deformable wire is attached to the resin injection port, the resin injection port is bent upward together with the bone member after the injection of the resin liquid, so that the resin liquid does not drip from the resin injection port. Can be prevented.

  If at least one of the pair of upper and lower sheets forming the bag body is provided with a seepage portion through which the resin seeps, a tie plate or track that sandwiches the variable pad by the adhesive force of the resin that seeps from here The variable pad can be firmly fixed to a member such as a pad. Therefore, the movement of the variable pad can be restricted. The seepage portion can be formed by providing an opening in the sheet, overlaying the nonwoven fabric on the opening, and fixing the peripheral edge of the nonwoven fabric to the vicinity of the opening edge by thermocompression bonding or the like. At this time, it is desirable that the viscosity of the resin is high to some extent.

  In the method of adjusting the rail height, a small amount of resin may leak from the air vent depending on the material of the plug inserted into the air vent, the method of fixing the plug, and the filling pressure of the resin. In such a case, it is preferable to close the air vent with a clip or other clipping tool.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a track slab rail fastening device (direct connection type 8 for general use) to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a main part thereof with a resin filling system added. FIG. 3 and FIG. 3 are operation flowcharts of the rail height adjusting method.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a track slab. The slab 10 is a PC (Prestressed concrete) plate having a length of several meters in a rail length direction, and is positioned and laid on a roadbed. An embedding plug collar 12 is embedded in a predetermined position in the slab 10 in advance.

  In the figure, reference numeral 14 denotes an iron tie plate having a length of about 18 cm in the rail length direction. The tie plate 14 is positioned and placed on the slab 10 with an insulating plate 16 such as a rubber mat interposed therebetween. The tie plate 14 is fixed to the slab 10 by an anchor T bolt 18 and a nut 20.

  The T-bolt 18 has a T-shaped bolt head 18a at the lower end. The embedding stopper collar 12 has a substantially D-shaped flat cross-sectional shape so that the bolt head 18a passes therethrough, and the bolt head 18a is inserted from above and rotated by 90 ° to thereby rotate the bolt head 18a. 12 is engaged with an engaging portion 12a provided on the bottom of the base 12.

  Here, the T bolt 18 and the tie plate 14 are electrically insulated by the insulating collar 22. The insulating collar 22 has a cylindrical boss portion and a flange portion whose diameter increases in the outer diameter direction from the upper end of the boss portion 24. The insulating collar 22 is manufactured by injection molding, for example, a polycarbonate resin mixed with about 8% by weight of short glass fiber.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the insulating plate 16 and the tie plate 14 are passed through the T-bolt 18, and further, the iron cover plate 28, the insulating collar 22, the washer 30, the spring washer 32, and the washer 34 are passed through. Finally, the nut 20 is screwed and tightened. Here, the boss portion of the insulating collar 22 has entered the bolt holes of the cover plate 28 and the tie plate 14. In this manner, the tie plate 14 and the T bolt 18 are electrically insulated by the insulating collar 22.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 36 denotes a rail, which is mounted on the tie plate 14 via a resin injection type variable pad 38 and a track pad 40 for adjusting rail height. The leaf spring 42 that holds the rail 36 is fixed to the tie plate 14 by bolts 44 and nuts 46.

  Here, the tie plate 14 is formed integrally with projecting walls 48 for guiding the rail bottom. These protruding walls 48, 48 stand at an interval substantially corresponding to the width of the bottom 36 </ b> A of the rail 36. The variable pad 38 and the track pad 40 are laid between the projecting walls 48, 48, and the bottom 36A of the rail 36 is mounted thereon. The movement of the rail 36 in the left-right direction (width direction) is restricted by the two projecting walls 48, 48.

  Notch portions 50, 50 extending downward are formed in the protruding walls 48, 48 so as to cross in the width direction, and a substantially trapezoidal bolt head (not shown) of the bolt 44 is engaged therewith. Combine.

  The track pad 40 has a metal plate 52 made of a stainless steel plate, and a rubber plate 54 bonded to the lower surface of the metal plate 52. The metal plate 52 is made longer than the length of the tie plate 14 in the rail longitudinal direction, and both end portions sandwiching a portion corresponding to the length of the tie plate 14 project in the width direction to form a tongue portion 56. The four tongues 56 are bent downward at the tips. These tongue-shaped portions 56 engage with the protruding walls 48 of the tie plate 14 to perform positioning thereof.

  Next, the variable pad 38 will be described. The variable pad 38 has a flat and substantially square bag body 38a as shown in FIG. 2, and is formed by injecting a resin into the inside of the bag body 38a and curing the resin. The variable pad 38 is formed by cutting a pair of upper and lower sheets of a predetermined shape from polyethylene or a laminated sheet of polyethylene and nylon, and welding the peripheral edges of the upper and lower sheets to form a bag.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the bag body 38a of the variable pad 38 has a rectangular shape longer in the rail longitudinal direction than the dimension that fills the space between the protruding walls 48 of the tie plate 14, and the diagonal positions of the protruding portions at both ends are resin. An inlet 58 and an air vent 60 are formed. Each of the injection port 58 and the air vent 60 has a narrow passage extending diagonally outward. A one-way valve 58a that allows resin injection is attached to the inlet 58. A long filling plug 60a is loaded in the air vent 60 along the passage.

  The filling plug 60a is made of, for example, rod-shaped cotton, and is easy to pass air in the longitudinal direction and hard to pass resin liquid. The filling plug 60a can be loaded into the air vent 60 by sandwiching the two sheets between a pair of upper and lower sheets when forming the variable pad 38.

  The track pad 40 is stacked on the variable pad 38. At this time, both ends of the track pad 40 protrude to both sides of the tie plate 14, and the tongues 56 engage with both end surfaces of the tie plate 14, that is, both end surfaces of the protruding walls 48, 48 (see FIG. 1). As described above, since the four tongues 56 are engaged with both end surfaces of the protruding walls 48, 48, the track pad 40 is accurately positioned. That is, the tongue portion 56 functions as a stopper for restricting the movement of the track pad 40.

  The height of the rail is adjusted while the rail 36 is placed on the track pad 40. This work is performed by injecting the resin liquid from the injection port 58 and controlling the injection amount in a state in which the resin liquid closes the filling plug 60a after the air passes through the filling plug 60a of the air vent 60 to the atmosphere. Is The resin is injected by a resin filling device 70 described later, and the rail height is made appropriate depending on the amount of the resin to be filled. Since the one-way valve 58a is attached to the inlet 58, the resin does not flow backward. Then, the resin cures after a predetermined time.

  Next, the resin filler 70 will be described with reference to FIG. The resin filling device 70 includes a first container 74 for a main agent, a second container 76 for a curing agent, a first cylinder 78 and a second cylinder 80.

  These cylinders 78 and 80 are the same length, and both ends of these cylinders 78 and 80 are fixed to support plates 82 and 84. Here, both cylinders 78, 80 are parallel and a gap is provided between them. The support plates 82 and 84 are fixed to a base (not shown). The ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the cylinders 78 and 80 is determined so as to be the mixing volume ratio of the main agent and the curing agent.

  The piston rods 78b and 80b of these pumps 78 and 80 project through one support plate 82. Pistons (not shown) are fixed to the ends of the piston rods 78b, 80b inside the cylinders 78a, 80. The other ends (externally projecting ends) of the piston rods 78b, 80b are connected to one connecting plate 86. The connecting plate 86 is moved toward and away from the supporting plate 82 by a driving unit 88 provided between the piston rods 78b and 80b. As a result, the piston rods 78b and 80b fixed to the connecting plate 86 simultaneously move by the same stroke.

  The drive unit 88 includes a screw rod 90 that penetrates the connection plate 86, the connection plate 86 and the support plate 82 between the two cylinders 78 and 80, and a nut portion 92 provided on the support plate 82 and screwed to the screw rod 90. And a manual rotation handle 94 fixed to the projecting end of the screw rod 90 on the connecting plate 86 side. The screw rod 90 and the nut portion 92 form a feed screw mechanism for moving the screw rod 90 forward and backward by rotation of the screw rod 90.

  A support plate 84 that supports the other ends of the cylinders 78 and 80 has a tube 98 that sucks the main agent from the first container 74 into the cylinder 78 and a tube 100 that sucks the hardener from the second container 76 into the cylinder 80. It is connected. Here, one-way valves 98a and 100a are attached to the connecting portions of the tubes 98 and 100 on the support plate 84 side to allow the main agent and the curing agent to flow in the cylinders 78 and 80 directions and to prevent the flow in the opposite directions. Have been.

  Reference numeral 102 denotes a mixer (nozzle) such as a static mixer. The mixer 102 has a nozzle holder 102a and a rod-shaped nozzle portion 102b, and uniformly mixes the main agent discharged from the cylinder 78 and the curing agent discharged from the cylinder 80, and forms a rod-shaped nozzle portion 102b Discharge from. That is, the main agent discharged from the cylinder 78 is guided to the mixer 102 through the one-way valve 104 and the tube 106 attached to the support plate 84.

  Next, a method of adjusting the rail height using the resin filling device 70 will be described. In FIG. 3, first, the rail 36 is released from the tie plate 14. That is, the nut 46 is loosened from the tie plate 14 and the leaf spring 42 is removed. Then, a height adjuster (not shown) such as a height adjusting block serving as a spacer is interposed between the rail 36 and the slab 10, and the height of the rail 36 is set to a predetermined height (for example, a target height). (FIG. 3, step S200). Instead of sandwiching the height adjustment block, the rail 36 may be lifted and held using a jack or a lifting machine.

  In this state, a gap is formed below the rail bottom portion 36A, so that the track pad 40 is pushed up and a bag of the variable pad 38 before resin filling is inserted thereunder (step S202). Then, resin is filled into the bag of the variable pad 38 using the resin filling device 70 described in FIG. 2 (Step S204). In filling the resin, first, the rod-shaped nozzle portion 102b of the mixer 102 is inserted into the injection port 58 of the variable pad 38 and fixed. At this time, the nozzle portion 102b may be pressed from outside the injection port 58 with a clip or the like. If the handle 94 is turned counterclockwise, for example, in this state, the screw rod 88 withdraws from the nut portion 92, and the connecting plate 86 separates from the support plate 82. As a result, the piston rods 78b and 80b are simultaneously withdrawn from the cylinders 78 and 80, and the main agent and the hardener are sucked into the cylinders 78 and 80 from the first and second containers 74 and 76, respectively.

  If the handle 94 is rotated in the reverse direction, for example, clockwise after the main agent and the hardener are inhaled, the screw rod 88 enters the nut portion 92. Therefore, the connecting plate 86 approaches the supporting plate 82, and the piston rods 78b and 80b discharge the main agent and the curing agent to the mixer 102. The main agent and the curing agent are homogeneously mixed in the mixer 102 and flow into the variable pad 38. At this time, since the resin passes through the one-way valve 58a provided in the injection port 58, the mixed resin does not flow backward from the variable pad 38 to the mixer 102.

  When the mixed resin is injected into the variable pad 38, the air in the variable pad 38 is extruded from the air vent 60 through the filling plug 60a to the atmosphere. Since the filling plug 60a has a small pressure loss (passage resistance) with respect to the air, the air is smoothly discharged. When the air completely escapes, the resin liquid in the variable pad 38 enters the air vent 60, and the resin liquid enters the filling plug 60a.

  Since the filling plug 60a has a very large pressure loss (passage resistance) with respect to the resin liquid, the resin liquid only penetrates into the filling plug 60a from the bag body 38a side and does not pass. In addition, the resin liquid that has penetrated is not only caught by the filling plug 60a and blocks the ventilation hole of the filling plug 60a, but also the resin liquid captured therein in the filling plug 60a is rapidly cured. Therefore, the filling plug 60a completely closes the air vent 60.

  Thereafter, by continuing to turn the handle 94, the resin liquid is further pressed into the variable pad 38. Therefore, the thickness of the variable pad 38 increases. When the height of the rail 36 becomes appropriate, the handle 94 is stopped, and the discharge portion 102a of the mixer 102 may be pulled out of the inlet 58. The mixed resin that has entered the variable pad 38 is cured by leaving it for a while (step S206). Thus, the different variable pads 38 may be sequentially filled with the resin.

  After the resin is cured, the rail height adjuster is removed (Step S208). After the resin has hardened, the resin injection port 58 and the air vent 60 are cut off near their roots and removed (step S210). When the operation is completed, the mixer 102 is removed from the tubes 106 and 110 and washed. That is, it is necessary to remove the mixed resin before the main agent and the curing agent are cured in the mixer 102.

  FIG. 4 is a view showing a second embodiment of the variable pad. In the variable pad 38A of this embodiment, the air vent 60A is disposed substantially perpendicular to the trailing edge of the variable pad 38A.

  In the variable pad 38 shown in FIG. 2, the air vent 60 extends diagonally outward, so that when the pair of upper and lower sheets used for the variable pad 38 is punched, the sheet utilization rate is deteriorated, and the sheet is wasted. The amount increases. On the other hand, in the variable pad 38A shown in FIG. 4, since the air vent 60 is substantially perpendicular to the trailing edge of the variable pad 38A, the amount of wasted sheets is reduced, and the sheet utilization rate is improved.

  In this variable pad 38A, the resin injection port 58 and the air vent 60 are cut off in the vicinity of the respective roots after the resin liquid is cured. In this state, there is no difference from the variable pad 38 in FIG. The air vent 60 may be provided in parallel with the trailing edge of the variable pad 38. In this case, the amount of waste of the sheet is further reduced, and the sheet utilization is further improved.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a main part of the third embodiment. In this embodiment, a plastically deformable bone member 58b is attached to a resin injection port 58A along a resin liquid passage. As the bone member 58b, for example, a wire such as iron or stainless steel can be used. In this case, if the wire is embedded between the welding surfaces of the pair of upper and lower sheets, the manufacture is simple.

  FIG. 5A shows a state before or during the injection of the resin liquid. Since the passage of the resin liquid is open when the bone member 58b is linearly extended in this manner, the resin liquid flows into the variable pad 38 smoothly.

  FIG. 5B shows a state after the injection of the resin liquid. When the injection of the resin liquid is completed, the operator bends the resin injection port 58A together with the bone member 58b and turns the opening side of the resin injection port 58A upward. Since the bone member 58b maintains this state by plastic deformation, the resin injection port 58A is held with the opening facing upward. For this reason, when the resin filling device (pump) is disconnected from the resin injection port 58A, the resin liquid does not drip around from the resin injection port 58A.

  6 is a plan view showing the fourth embodiment, FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line VII-VII, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII. In this embodiment, when the filling plug 60a is loaded into the air vent 60A, there is no gap around the filling plug 60a where the resin leaks.

  The variable pad is thermally welded by a welding line 150 along the edges of the upper and lower sheets, and the air vent 60A is formed by the welding line 150. At this time, the welding line 150 is formed so that the filling plug 60a is sandwiched between the two sheets so as to be in close contact with both sides of the filling plug 60a. However, a gap may be formed between the welding line 150 and the filling plug 60a. If there is such a gap, the resin flows out, and the effect of preventing the resin from flowing out by the filling plug 60a is reduced.

  In order to avoid such a problem, it is preferable to perform thermal welding as shown in the welding line 152 across the air vent 60A. In this case, the upper and lower sheets closely adhere to the outer periphery of the filling plug 60a on the welding line 152, so that a gap cannot be formed.

  In FIGS. 6 and 7, reference numeral 154 denotes a seepage portion, in which an opening provided in at least one of the sheets is closed with a nonwoven fabric 156. That is, the nonwoven fabric 156 laminated on the inside of the sheet is heat-sealed along the periphery of the opening. 6 and 7, reference numeral 158 indicates this welding line. According to this embodiment, when the variable pad 38 is interposed under the rail, the resin exudes from the exudation portion 154, and the exuded resin functions like an adhesive, and The variable pad 38 can be fixed to a member (such as a tie plate or track pad) that is in close contact with the variable pad 38.

  In each of the above embodiments, the height of the rail is adjusted by sandwiching the variable pad 38 between the rail 36 and the tie plate 14, but the present invention is not limited to this. The variable pad 38 may be below the rail 36, and may be placed under a sleeper, for example.

  For example, in an iron bridge, a bridge beam is made of a shape steel, and a sleeper is hung over the beam and fixed to the shape steel. In this case, the height of the sleeper and the height of the rail can be adjusted by interposing a variable pad between the mold steel and the sleeper.

  Also, at the rail joint, the sleeper sinks into the roadbed due to the impact when passing the vehicle, and a gap is generated between the sleeper and the roadbed. In this case, the variable pad 38 can be attached to the gap between the sleeper and the roadbed to prevent the rail from sinking. In addition, since a plurality of rails are fixed to the sleeper at predetermined intervals at the rail branch portion, the height is usually adjusted while the rail is integrated with the sleeper. In this case, since the variable pad is inserted into the gap generated between the sleeper and the roadbed, the present invention can be applied also at this time.

Sectional view of a track fastening device showing an application example of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Exploded perspective view showing the main part with a resin filling system added Operation flow chart of rail height adjustment method FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a variable pad according to a second embodiment. FIG. 9 is a view showing a third embodiment of the variable pad. FIG. 14 is a plan view showing a fourth embodiment. VII-VII line sectional view in FIG. VIII-VIII line sectional view in FIG. 6 The figure explaining the structure of the conventional variable pad and its use method

Explanation of reference numerals

14 tie plate 36 rail 36A rail bottom 38, 38A variable pad 38a bag body 40 track pad 58, 58A resin inlet 58a one-way valve 58b wire (bone member)
60, 60A Air vent 60a Filler plug 70 Resin filling device 74 First container (container for filling main agent)
76 Second container (curing agent container)
150, 152, 158 Welding line 154 Leaching part 156 Non-woven fabric

Claims (14)

In the variable pad which is interposed below the rail, adjusts the thickness by the injection amount of the resin liquid, and supports the rail load by curing the resin liquid,
A resin bag body, a resin inlet for guiding the resin liquid to the bag body, an air vent provided in the bag main body, and a pressure loss loaded in the air vent is smaller than air and larger than the resin liquid. A filter-like filling plug,
A variable pad comprising: The bag body is formed by pressing the peripheral edges of a pair of upper and lower sheets, and the resin inlet and the air vent are small-diameter passages integrally formed so as to protrude outward from diagonal corners of the bag body. The variable pad according to claim 1. 3. The variable pad according to claim 1, wherein the filling plug is an air filter that is long along the length of the air vent. 4. The variable pad according to claim 1, wherein the filling plug is made of cotton. The variable pad according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the filling plug is pressure-bonded together with a pair of upper and lower sheets forming the bag body. The variable pad according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the resin liquid is a two-liquid mixture type in which a filling main agent and a curing agent are mixed. 7. The variable pad according to claim 1, wherein a one-way valve for preventing backflow of the resin liquid is attached to the resin inlet. The variable pad according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a plastically deformable bone member extending along a resin liquid passage is attached to the resin inlet. The variable pad according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein at least one of the pair of upper and lower sheets forming the bag body is provided with a seepage portion through which the resin seeps. 10. The variable pad according to claim 9, wherein the seepage portion is formed by attaching a nonwoven fabric to an opening provided in the sheet. 9. The variable pad according to claim 8, wherein the bone member is a wire embedded between the crimp surfaces of the pair of upper and lower sheets. In the rail height adjustment method of adjusting the rail height by interposing a variable pad below the rail,
a) holding the rail at a predetermined height using a detachable rail height holder to form a gap below the rail;
b) inserting the variable pad according to any one of claims 1 to 12 into the gap formed below the rail in step a), the resin being not filled;
c) injecting the resin from the resin inlet while pushing out the air in the variable pad from the air vent of the variable pad;
d) continuing to inject the resin until the variable pad is thick enough to fill the gap formed in step a) after the air is exhausted from the air vent.
e) After the thickness of the variable pad becomes appropriate, stop injecting the resin and cure the resin,
f) After the resin is cured, the rail height holder used in step a) is removed. 13. The rail height adjusting method according to claim 12, wherein in step d), the air vent is closed with a clip after the air has been discharged. In the step b), the variable pad of claim 8 is used, and after the resin injection is completed in the step e), the resin injection port is bent together with the bone member so that the atmosphere side opening of the resin injection port is directed upward. Twelve rail height adjustment methods.

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