JP2004237497A - Method for manufacturing composite material using cloth - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing composite material using cloth Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004237497A
JP2004237497A JP2003027499A JP2003027499A JP2004237497A JP 2004237497 A JP2004237497 A JP 2004237497A JP 2003027499 A JP2003027499 A JP 2003027499A JP 2003027499 A JP2003027499 A JP 2003027499A JP 2004237497 A JP2004237497 A JP 2004237497A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
heat
cloth
fabric
adhesive
adhesive material
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Pending
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JP2003027499A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hidetaka Sato
秀高 佐藤
Katsuhiko Akata
勝彦 赤田
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Achilles Corp
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Achilles Corp
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Priority to JP2003027499A priority Critical patent/JP2004237497A/en
Publication of JP2004237497A publication Critical patent/JP2004237497A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite material using cloth having good aesthetic properties and good cushioning properties. <P>SOLUTION: The composite material is manufactured by laminating a base material and a laminate, which is obtained by laminating a thermally adhesive material, of which the air permeability measured by a method comforming to an A-method of JIS L 1096 is 70 ml/cm<SP>2</SP>/cm<SP>2</SP>/sec or below and the basis weight is 20-50 g/m<SP>2</SP>, on at least one side of the cloth by a thermal lamination method or a flame lamination method. More preferably, the cloth and the thermally adhesive material are laminated by a needle punching method. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、クッション材や座席等の表皮材、自動車や電車等内装材として使用される複合材に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、クッション材や座席等の表皮材、内装材として、布帛と生地を積層した複合材が使用されている。
このような複合材の製造方法としては、接着剤を用いた接着ラミネート法が用いられていた。しかしながら、接着ラミネート法では、布帛の一部が接着剤により固まってしまい、風合いの硬いものになってしまっていた。
そこで、布帛中に熱接着性のある繊維を混ぜた布帛を使って、布帛表面を加熱し、熱接着性繊維を溶融させ、基材と張り合わせる方法が考えられた。しかしながら、炎や熱が布帛内部にまで達してしまい、布帛表面の熱接着性繊維だけでなく布帛内部の熱接着性繊維まで溶融してしまったり、熱接着性繊維だけでなく布帛の繊維まで熱変性することによって、布帛の嵩が低くなり、クッション性が悪くなり、風合いも硬くなるという問題が生じていた。また、剥離強度が弱いという問題もあった。(特許文献1)
【0003】
【特許文献1】特開平10−292270号公報
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、このような問題点を解決し、風合いが良く、クッション性の良い布帛を用いた複合材を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記の課題を解決するためになされたものであって、請求項1記載の発明は、布帛の少なくとも片面に、JIS L 1096のA法に準拠する方法で測定した通気度が70ml/cm/sec以下で目付が20〜50g/mである熱接着性素材を積層した積層体と、基材とを熱ラミネート法やフレームラミネート法により基材と張り合わせることを特徴とする複合材の製造方法であり、請求項2記載の発明は、請求項1記載の構成に加え、布帛と熱接着性素材がニードルパンチ法により張り合わせられることを特徴とする複合材の製造方法である。
【0006】
本発明で使用される布帛としては、ポリエステル、ポリアミド等の素材からなる不織布や織布、編布等の布帛が使用できる。布帛の目付量としては、200〜500g/mが好ましい。また、布帛を形成する繊維の太さが0.1〜100μmである場合に本発明の効果が著しく現れる。
【0007】
本発明で使用される熱接着性素材は、JIS L 1096のA法(フラジール形法)に準拠する方法で測定した通気度が70ml/cm/sec以下であるものを使用する。通気度が70ml/cm/secより高いと、炎や熱が熱接着性素材を通過して布帛を収縮させてしまう。通気度として、特に好ましくは、40〜60ml/cm/secのものである。通気度が40ml/cm/sec未満では、炎や熱に曝す時間を長くする必要があるので、生産に必要なエネルギーが多くなったり、生産スピードを落とさなければならない傾向がある。
【0008】
また、本発明では、目付が20〜50g/mである熱接着性素材を使用する。目付が小さすぎると、布帛と基材の接着力が弱くすぐ剥がれてしまったり、フレームラミネート時に布帛まで炎が達し、布帛が熱で縮んでしまう等の問題がある。目付が大きすぎると、布帛/熱接着性素材の積層体と基材を張り合わせる際に、溶融した熱接着性素材が布帛に浸透し布帛が固まったり、布帛の厚さが薄くなってしまうという問題がある。
【0009】
熱接着性素材の原料としては、ポリエステル系ポリマーやポリオレフィン系ポリマー等の通常使用される原料が使用できる。
熱接着性素材のガラス転移点としては、130〜180℃が好ましい。ガラス転移点が低すぎると、炎や熱を当てる際のコントロールが難しい場合があり、ガラス転移点が高すぎると、生産に必要なエネルギーが多くなる場合がある。
熱接着性素材のMFRは、2〜5g/10min・190℃であることが好ましい。MFRが小さすぎると基材との接着力が弱くなる場合がある。またMFRが大きすぎると熱接着性素材が溶融した際に、熱溶融性接着素材が布帛の内部に浸透して固化するため、布帛が硬くなったり、布帛がへたる場合がある。
熱接着性素材としては、ガラス転移点やMFRの異なる素材を複数種類混合して使用しても良い。
【0010】
熱接着性素材の形態としては、不織布状やフィルム状、ネット状等の種々の形態を採用することができる。
【0011】
布帛と熱接着性素材の積層方法は、ニードルパンチによる方法、少量の接着剤を用いる方法等が挙げられるが、少量の接着剤を用いる方法は、熱接着性素材や接着剤が布帛の内部に浸透し、接着剤が樹脂化して硬化してしまうため、複合材の風合いが硬くなったり、布帛がへたったりする場合があり、ニードルパンチによる積層が好ましい。
【0012】
上記のように布帛と熱接着性素材を積層した後、熱接着性素材側に電熱ヒーターやバーナー等により熱や炎を当てて、熱接着性素材を溶融させ、基材を張り合わせる。
【0013】
本発明で使用できる基材としては、特に制限されることはない。ただし、座席の表皮材としての複合表皮材を製造する場合には、基材として、織布や編布等の繊維性基材が使用されるのが一般的である。
【0014】
【実施例】
実施例1
実施例1として、目付450g/m、厚さ10mmの布帛の片面にポリエステル系ポリマーからなるフィルム状の熱接着性素材を片面にニードルパンチ法にて積層した。熱接着性素材は、ポリエステル系ポリマーからなるものであり、ガラス転移点が140℃、通気度が52ml/cm/sec、目付量は40g、MFRが4.7g/10min・190℃であるものを用いた。熱接着性素材側を炎により溶融させ、フレームラミネート法により基材である織布を張り合わせた。
得られた複合表皮材について、下記の評価を行った。
・ 複合表皮材の布帛と基材を手で剥がしてみることにより、評価した。
◎:手では剥がせない
○:手で何とか剥がせる
×:手で簡単に剥がせる
・ 複合表皮材における布帛について、基材と積層前の厚さと基材と積層した後の厚さを比較するため、積層後の布帛の厚さを測定した。
・ 複合表皮材の風合いを感触により評価した。
【0015】
実施例2
ガラス転移点が140℃、通気度が70ml/cm/sec、目付量が50g/m、MFRが4.7g/10min・190℃である不織布状の熱接着性素材を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様の材料及び方法を用いて複合表皮材を作成した。実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
【0016】
実施例3
ガラス転移点が140℃、通気度が60ml/cm/sec、目付量が40g/m、MFRが4.7g/10min・190℃である不織布状の熱接着性素材を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様の材料及び方法を用いて複合表皮材を作成した。実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
【0017】
実施例4
ガラス転移点が140℃、通気度が30ml/cm/sec、目付量が40g/m、MFRが4.7g/10min・190℃であるフィルム状の熱接着性素材を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様の材料及び方法を用いて複合表皮材を作成した。実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
【0018】
実施例5
ガラス転移点が140℃、通気度が40ml/cm/sec、目付量が20g/m、MFRが4.7g/10min・190℃であるフィルム状の熱接着性素材を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様の材料及び方法を用いて複合表皮材を作成した。実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
【0019】
実施例6
ガラス転移点が140℃、通気度が40ml/cm/sec、目付量が50g/m、MFRが2.5g/10min・190℃であるフィルム状の熱接着性素材を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様の材料及び方法を用いて複合表皮材を作成した。実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
【0020】
比較例1
ガラス転移点が140℃、通気度が80ml/cm/sec、目付量が30g/m、MFRが4.7g/10min・190℃である不織布状の熱接着性素材を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様の材料及び方法を用いて複合表皮材を作成した。実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
【0021】
比較例2
ガラス転移点が140℃、通気度が60ml/cm/sec、目付量が60g/m、MFRが4.7g/10min・190℃であるフィルム状の熱接着性素材を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様の材料及び方法を用いて複合表皮材を作成した。実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
【0022】
比較例3
ガラス転移点が140℃、通気度が60ml/cm/sec、目付量が10g/m、MFRが8.0g/10min・190℃であるフィルム状の熱接着性素材を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様の材料及び方法を用いて複合表皮材を作成した。実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
【0023】
【表1】

Figure 2004237497
【0024】
【発明の効果】
本発明の複合表皮材は、上記のような構成を採用することにより、炎や熱を用いたラミネート法を用いても、布帛がへたったり、複合表皮材の風合いが硬くなるのを抑制することができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a composite material used as a cushion material, a skin material such as a seat, and an interior material such as an automobile or a train.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, composite materials obtained by laminating a cloth and a fabric have been used as skin materials such as cushion materials and seats, and interior materials.
As a method for producing such a composite material, an adhesive lamination method using an adhesive has been used. However, in the adhesive lamination method, a part of the cloth is hardened by the adhesive, and the texture becomes hard.
Therefore, a method was considered in which a cloth in which heat-adhesive fibers were mixed in a cloth was used to heat the surface of the cloth, melt the heat-adhesive fibers, and bond the base to a substrate. However, the flame or heat reaches the inside of the fabric, causing not only the heat-adhesive fibers on the fabric surface but also the heat-adhesive fibers inside the fabric to melt, or the heat of not only the heat-adhesive fibers but also the fibers of the fabric. The denaturation causes a problem that the bulk of the fabric is reduced, the cushioning property is deteriorated, and the texture is hardened. There was also a problem that the peel strength was weak. (Patent Document 1)
[0003]
[Patent Document 1] JP-A-10-292270
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem and to provide a composite material using a fabric having a good texture and a good cushioning property.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the invention according to claim 1 has an air permeability of at least 70 ml measured on at least one side of the fabric by a method based on the A method of JIS L 1096. A laminate in which a heat-adhesive material having a basis weight of 20 to 50 g / m 2 at a rate of not more than / cm 2 / sec or less and a base material are bonded to the base material by a heat lamination method or a frame lamination method. A method for producing a composite material, wherein the invention according to claim 2 is a method for producing a composite material, characterized in that, in addition to the constitution according to claim 1, a fabric and a heat-adhesive material are bonded by a needle punch method. .
[0006]
As the cloth used in the present invention, a cloth such as a nonwoven cloth, a woven cloth, or a knitted cloth made of a material such as polyester or polyamide can be used. The basis weight of the fabric, 200-500 g / m 2 is preferred. Further, when the thickness of the fiber forming the fabric is 0.1 to 100 μm, the effect of the present invention is remarkably exhibited.
[0007]
As the heat-adhesive material used in the present invention, a material having an air permeability of 70 ml / cm 2 / sec or less measured by a method in accordance with JIS L 1096 method A (Fragile method) is used. If the air permeability is higher than 70 ml / cm 2 / sec, flame or heat will pass through the heat-adhesive material and shrink the fabric. The air permeability is particularly preferably 40 to 60 ml / cm 2 / sec. If the air permeability is less than 40 ml / cm 2 / sec, it is necessary to prolong the time of exposure to a flame or heat, so that the energy required for production tends to increase or the production speed must be reduced.
[0008]
In the present invention, a heat-adhesive material having a basis weight of 20 to 50 g / m 2 is used. If the basis weight is too small, there is a problem that the adhesive strength between the fabric and the base material is weak and the fabric is immediately peeled off, or a flame reaches the fabric during frame lamination and the fabric shrinks due to heat. If the basis weight is too large, when laminating the laminate of the fabric / heat-adhesive material and the substrate, the melted heat-adhesive material permeates into the fabric, causing the fabric to harden or the thickness of the fabric to be reduced. There's a problem.
[0009]
As a raw material of the heat-adhesive material, a commonly used raw material such as a polyester-based polymer and a polyolefin-based polymer can be used.
The glass transition point of the heat-adhesive material is preferably from 130 to 180 ° C. If the glass transition point is too low, it may be difficult to control when applying a flame or heat. If the glass transition point is too high, the energy required for production may increase.
The MFR of the heat-adhesive material is preferably 2 to 5 g / 10 min at 190 ° C. If the MFR is too small, the adhesive strength with the substrate may be weak. Further, if the MFR is too large, when the heat-adhesive material is melted, the heat-fusible adhesive material penetrates into the inside of the cloth and solidifies, so that the cloth may be hardened or the cloth may be sagged.
As the heat-adhesive material, a plurality of materials having different glass transition points or MFRs may be mixed and used.
[0010]
As the form of the heat-adhesive material, various forms such as a non-woven fabric, a film, and a net can be adopted.
[0011]
The method of laminating the fabric and the heat-adhesive material includes a method using a needle punch, a method using a small amount of an adhesive, and the like. Since the adhesive permeates and the adhesive becomes resin and hardens, the texture of the composite material may become harder or the fabric may become loose, and lamination by needle punching is preferable.
[0012]
After laminating the cloth and the heat-adhesive material as described above, the heat-adhesive material is melted by applying heat or flame to the heat-adhesive material side by an electric heater, a burner, or the like, and the base material is laminated.
[0013]
The substrate that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited. However, when producing a composite skin material as a seat skin material, a fibrous base material such as a woven fabric or a knitted fabric is generally used as the base material.
[0014]
【Example】
Example 1
In Example 1, a film-like heat-adhesive material made of a polyester-based polymer was laminated on one surface of a cloth having a basis weight of 450 g / m 2 and a thickness of 10 mm by a needle punch method on one surface. The heat-adhesive material is made of a polyester polymer, and has a glass transition point of 140 ° C., an air permeability of 52 ml / cm 2 / sec, a basis weight of 40 g, and an MFR of 4.7 g / 10 min · 190 ° C. Was used. The heat-adhesive material side was melted by a flame, and a woven fabric as a base material was laminated by a frame laminating method.
The following evaluation was performed about the obtained composite skin material.
The evaluation was made by peeling the composite skin material and the base material by hand.
◎: Can not be peeled off by hand ○: Can be peeled off by hand ×: Can be peeled off easily by hand ・ Compare the thickness of the composite skin material before and after lamination with the base material and the base material Therefore, the thickness of the fabric after lamination was measured.
-The texture of the composite skin material was evaluated by feeling.
[0015]
Example 2
Except that a nonwoven fabric adhesive material having a glass transition point of 140 ° C., an air permeability of 70 ml / cm 2 / sec, a basis weight of 50 g / m 2 , and an MFR of 4.7 g / 10 min at 190 ° C. was used. Using the same material and method as in Example 1, a composite skin material was prepared. The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed.
[0016]
Example 3
Except that a nonwoven fabric adhesive material having a glass transition point of 140 ° C., an air permeability of 60 ml / cm 2 / sec, a basis weight of 40 g / m 2 , and an MFR of 4.7 g / 10 min at 190 ° C. was used. Using the same material and method as in Example 1, a composite skin material was prepared. The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed.
[0017]
Example 4
A glass transition point of 140 ° C., an air permeability of 30 ml / cm 2 / sec, a basis weight of 40 g / m 2 , and an MFR of 4.7 g / 10 min at 190 ° C. were used, except that a film-like heat-adhesive material was used. Using the same material and method as in Example 1, a composite skin material was prepared. The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed.
[0018]
Example 5
A glass transition point of 140 ° C., an air permeability of 40 ml / cm 2 / sec, a basis weight of 20 g / m 2 , and a MFR of 4.7 g / 10 min at 190 ° C. were used, except that a film-like heat-adhesive material was used. Using the same material and method as in Example 1, a composite skin material was prepared. The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed.
[0019]
Example 6
Except for using a film-like heat-adhesive material having a glass transition point of 140 ° C., an air permeability of 40 ml / cm 2 / sec, a basis weight of 50 g / m 2 , and an MFR of 2.5 g / 10 min at 190 ° C. Using the same material and method as in Example 1, a composite skin material was prepared. The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed.
[0020]
Comparative Example 1
The glass transition point is 140 ° C., the air permeability is 80 ml / cm 2 / sec, the basis weight is 30 g / m 2 , and the MFR is 4.7 g / 10 min. Using the same material and method as in Example 1, a composite skin material was prepared. The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed.
[0021]
Comparative Example 2
A glass transition point of 140 ° C., an air permeability of 60 ml / cm 2 / sec, a basis weight of 60 g / m 2 , and a MFR of 4.7 g / 10 min at 190 ° C. were used, except that a film-like heat-adhesive material was used. Using the same material and method as in Example 1, a composite skin material was prepared. The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed.
[0022]
Comparative Example 3
A glass transition point of 140 ° C., an air permeability of 60 ml / cm 2 / sec, a basis weight of 10 g / m 2 , and an MFR of 8.0 g / 10 min at 190 ° C., except for using a film-like heat-adhesive material, Using the same material and method as in Example 1, a composite skin material was prepared. The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed.
[0023]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004237497
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
The composite skin material of the present invention, by adopting the above-described configuration, suppresses the fabric from becoming loose and the texture of the composite skin material becoming hard even when a lamination method using flame or heat is used. be able to.

Claims (2)

布帛の少なくとも片面に、JIS L 1096のA法に準拠する方法で測定した通気度が70ml/cm/sec以下で目付が20〜50g/mである熱接着性素材が積層された積層体と、基材とを熱ラミネート法やフレームラミネート法により張り合わせる複合材の製造方法。A laminate in which a heat-adhesive material having an air permeability of 70 ml / cm 2 / sec or less and a basis weight of 20 to 50 g / m 2 measured by a method based on JIS L 1096 method A is laminated on at least one surface of the fabric. And a base material are bonded to each other by a heat laminating method or a frame laminating method. 布帛と熱接着性素材がニードルパンチ法により積層されている請求項1記載の複合材の製造方法。The method for producing a composite material according to claim 1, wherein the fabric and the heat-adhesive material are laminated by a needle punch method.
JP2003027499A 2003-02-04 2003-02-04 Method for manufacturing composite material using cloth Pending JP2004237497A (en)

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