JP2004226006A - Controller for multiple indoor unit type air conditioner - Google Patents

Controller for multiple indoor unit type air conditioner Download PDF

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JP2004226006A
JP2004226006A JP2003014825A JP2003014825A JP2004226006A JP 2004226006 A JP2004226006 A JP 2004226006A JP 2003014825 A JP2003014825 A JP 2003014825A JP 2003014825 A JP2003014825 A JP 2003014825A JP 2004226006 A JP2004226006 A JP 2004226006A
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temperature
discharge
refrigerant
pressure
compressor
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JP4165234B2 (en
Inventor
Yousuke Momokita
陽介 桃北
Tetsuya Ito
哲也 伊藤
Chuya Aun
チュヤ アウン
Takeshi Shimizu
剛 清水
Masatoshi Watanabe
真寿 渡邉
Takuya Saito
琢也 斉藤
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Fujitsu General Ltd
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Fujitsu General Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/005Outdoor unit expansion valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0232Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units with bypasses
    • F25B2313/02323Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units with bypasses during heating
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/12Sound
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/19Calculation of parameters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00Control issues
    • F25B2600/25Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2513Expansion valves

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  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a controller for a multiple indoor unit type air conditioner preventing an excessive wet state of a refrigerant in a compressor suction side during cooling operation, avoiding a gas lacking state of a refrigerant circuit due to a stopped indoor unit during heating operation, and hardly causing unpleasant refrigerant noise. <P>SOLUTION: A control part 13 is provided with a suction pressure detecting part 13a, a refrigerant gas saturation temperature calculating part 13d calculating a refrigerant gas saturation temperature, a discharge pressure detecting part 13b, a compression ratio calculating part 13h calculating a compression ratio from a suction pressure and a discharge pressure, a constant setting part 13e inputted with the calculated compression ratio and selecting a polytropic exponent stored in a table, a discharge temperature sensing part 13c, a calculating part 13f inputted with the suction side pressure, the discharge side pressure, the refrigerant gas saturation temperature, and the polytropic exponent, substituting them in a polytropic change equation, and calculating a target discharge refrigerant temperature, and a valve opening control part 13g controlling opening of indoor expansion valves 7a, 7b and 7c on the basis of a temperature difference between the target discharge refrigerant temperature and a detected discharge side temperature of a compressor. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、室外ユニットと複数台の室内ユニットからなる多室形空気調和機の制御装置に係わり、より詳しくは、冷房運転時に圧縮機への冷媒が過度な吸入湿りとならないように、また、暖房運転時に停止した室内機へ冷媒が溜まり込まないように室内機側の室内膨張弁の開度を制御する制御装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より空気調和機の冷凍サイクルにおける圧縮機の吸入冷媒は、過熱度の小さい乾き飽和ガス(乾き度1)の状態にすることが、能力、圧縮機の効率の面で良い。これは、暖房サイクルにおいて室外ユニットの室外膨張弁の開度を調整することで可能である。また、冷房サイクルにおいては、室内ユニットの室外膨張弁の開度を調整することで可能である。
一般には、室外および室内ユニットの熱交換器の温度センサ、または圧力センサの検出した温度又は圧力によって室外膨張弁の開度が制御されているが、実際には乾き飽和ガスでの制御ではなく、過熱度をある程度の範囲に抑える制御である。
また、過熱度の制御をより確実にするため、室内ユニットの室内膨張弁の開度を過熱度センサに基づいて制御し、圧縮機の吸入側の冷媒を乾き飽和ガスの状態にする方法も従来より開示されている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。
さらに、多室型の空気調和機においては、複数の室内ユニットが冷媒回路に接続されており、その内のいくつかの室内機が停止状態となる場合があり、例えば暖房運転中の場合は停止した室内ユニットの室内膨張弁を固定微閉とするため、室内機の熱交換器へ冷媒の一部が溜まり込み、結果的に冷媒回路全体がガス欠状態となる場合があった。
このため、室内機熱交換器の出口温度と室内機の吸込み温度(室温)との温度差を検出し、この結果によって室内機熱交換器の電子膨張弁を制御する方法が開示されている(例えば、特許文献2参照。)。
【0003】
しかしながら、室内ユニットの室内膨張弁の開度を過熱度センサに基づいて制御し、圧縮機の吸入側の冷媒を乾き飽和ガスの状態にする方法の場合、過熱度の検出を圧縮機の吸入温度センサで行なっているため、圧縮機吸入側の不安定な状態を測定することになり、過熱度の正確な検出ができない。このため、例えば冷房運転時に圧縮機吸入側の冷媒が過度な湿り状態となって圧縮機を傷めたり、破損させてしまうことがある。これを避けるためには、圧縮機の吸入側の冷媒を確実に乾き飽和ガスの状態に(過熱度を大きく)する必要があるが、過度に行なうと効率を低下させてしまうことになる。
また、暖房運転中の場合に停止した室内ユニットによって引き起こされる冷媒回路のガス欠状態の回避を室内機熱交換器の電子膨張弁を制御する方法では、室内ユニットごとに単独で冷媒溜まりを回避するように室内機熱交換器の電子膨張弁を開放する制御を行なうため、冷媒回路全体ではガス欠状態でない場合でも室内機熱交換器の電子膨張弁が開放され、この結果、必要でない場合でも不快な冷媒音が発生してしまう恐れがあった。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開平4−283361号公報(第4頁、第1図)。
【特許文献2】
特開平11−325639号公報(第4頁、第1図)。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明においては、上記の問題点に鑑み、冷房運転時に圧縮機吸入側の冷媒が過度な湿り状態とならない、また、暖房運転時に停止した室内ユニットによって引き起こされる冷媒回路のガス欠状態を回避し、かつ、不快な冷媒音が発生しにくい多室形空気調和機の制御装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記問題点を解決するため、少なくとも1台の圧縮機と、四方弁と、室外熱交換器と、室外膨張弁からなる室外ユニットと、室内熱交換器と室内膨張弁を備えた複数の室内ユニットとを接続して冷媒回路を構成してなり、
前記圧縮機の吸入側の圧力を検出する吸入圧力センサと、吐出側の圧力を検出する吐出圧力センサとの検出値に対応して前記室外膨張弁を制御する制御部を備えてなる多室形空気調和機であって、
前記制御部には、前記吸入圧力センサで検出した吸入圧力により冷媒ガス飽和温度を算出する冷媒ガス飽和温度演算部と、前記吸入圧力と前記吐出圧力センサで検出した吐出圧力とにより圧縮比を算出する圧縮比演算部と、算出された圧縮比を入力し、前記圧縮機の特性により決定されてテーブルに記憶したポリトロープ指数を選択して出力する定数設定部と、吐出温度センサが検出した吐出温度を検知する吐出温度検知部と、検出した吸入側の圧力と吐出側の圧力と算出された前記冷媒ガス飽和温度と選択されたポリトロープ指数とを入力し、これらをポリトロープ変化式に代入して目標吐出冷媒温度を算出する演算部と、算出された前記目標吐出冷媒温度と検出した前記圧縮機の吐出側の温度との温度差に対応して前記室内ユニット内の室内膨張弁の開度を制御する弁開度制御部とを備える。
【0007】
また、冷房運転時に前記目標吐出冷媒温度と検出した前記吐出側の温度との温度差に対応し、運転中の前記室内ユニットの室内膨張弁を所定の角度だけ絞り込む。
【0008】
また、暖房運転時に前記目標吐出冷媒温度と検出した前記吐出側の温度との温度差に対応し、停止中の前記室内ユニットの室内膨張弁を所定の角度だけ開放する。
【0009】
また、前記ポリトロープ指数を前記圧縮機の特性に対応して実験的に決定する。
【0010】
また、前記ポリトロープ指数を圧縮比別に記憶する。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を、添付図面に基づいた実施例として説明する。
図1は本発明による多室形空気調和機の冷媒回路の構成図である。図において、1は室外に設置された室外ユニット、2a,2b,2cは夫々並列に接続された3台の室内ユニットである。
【0012】
室外ユニット1は、少なくとも1台の圧縮機3と、四方弁4と、室外熱交換器5と、膨張弁6とをそれぞれ接続して構成され、また室内ユニット2a,2b,2cは、夫々電子膨張弁からなる室内膨張弁7a,7b,7cと、室内熱交換器8a,8b,8cとを夫々接続して構成されている。
【0013】
これら室外ユニット1と室内ユニット2a,2b,2cとが第一接続部A1と第二接続部A2を介して冷媒配管により接続され冷媒回路が構成されている。
【0014】
圧縮機3の吸入側には、吸入冷媒の圧力(低圧)を検出する吸入圧力センサ9’が設けられている。また、圧縮機3の吐出側には吐出冷媒の温度を検出する吐出温度センサ10と、吐出冷媒の圧力を検出する吐出圧力センサ10’ とが設けられている。
【0015】
上記において、冷房運転時には、図1の実線矢印で示すように、圧縮機3で高温高圧となったガス冷媒は、室外熱交換器5に流入し、室外空気との間の熱交換によりガス冷媒が冷却され凝縮し、高温高圧の液冷媒となる。この高温高圧の液冷媒は、膨張弁6において減圧されて低温低圧の液冷媒となる。この低温低圧の液冷媒は、室内熱交換ユニット2a,2b,2cに送られ、室内空気との間の熱交換により室内空気を冷却するとともに、蒸発して低温低圧のガス冷媒となる。この際、室内熱交換器8a,8b,8cは液冷媒を蒸発させる蒸発器として機能する。この低温低圧のガス冷媒は、四方弁4を経て圧縮機3に還流される。
【0016】
また暖房運転時においては、破線矢印で示すように、圧縮機3を経た冷媒が室内熱交換ユニット2a,2b,2cに流れるように四方弁4を設定する。暖房運転時には、圧縮機3で高温高圧となったガス冷媒が、室内熱交換ユニット2a,2b,2cに送られ、室内空気との間の熱交換により室内空気を加温するとともに、凝縮して高温高圧の液冷媒となる。この際、室内熱交換器8a,8b,8cはガス冷媒を凝縮させる凝縮器として機能する。この高温高圧の液冷媒は、膨張弁6において減圧されて低温低圧の液冷媒となる。この低温低圧の液冷媒は室外熱交換器5に送られ、室外空気との間の熱交換により加温され蒸発し、低温低圧のガス冷媒となる。この際、室外熱交換器5は液冷媒を蒸発させる蒸発器として機能する。この低温低圧のガス冷媒は、四方弁4を経て圧縮機3に還流される
【0017】
図2は空気調和機の運転過程における冷媒の熱力学的変化を示すモリエル線図である。以下、この図について説明する。
(1)圧縮機3において、ガス冷媒が圧縮される過程では、圧力もエンタルピも増加するため冷媒の状態は図中右上がりに変化する(a点からb点)。以下、この過程を圧縮過程という。
(2)室内熱交換ユニット2a,2b,2cまたは室外熱交換ユニット1において、ガス冷媒が冷却され液冷媒となる過程では、圧力(P2)が変化せずにエンタルピが減少するため、冷媒の状態は図中左方向に変化し、飽和蒸気線Gに達した時点で凝縮が始まり、飽和液線Lに達した時点で冷媒は完全に液化し、更に若干の過冷却度をもつように冷却される(b点からc点)。以下、この過程を凝縮過程という。
(3)膨張弁6において液冷媒が低温低圧となる過程では、熱の出入りがないためエンタルピが変化せずに圧力が低下することから、冷媒の状態は図中下方に変化する(c点からd点)。以下、この過程を減圧過程という。
(4)室内熱交換ユニット2a,2b,2cまたは室外熱交換ユニット1において、液冷媒が加温されガス冷媒となる過程では、圧力(P1)が変化せずにエンタルピが増加するため、冷媒の状態は図中右方向に変化し、飽和蒸気線Gに達した時点(a点)で完全に蒸発する。以下、この過程を蒸発過程という。
【0018】
図2において、低圧の吸入圧力P1及び高圧の吐出圧力P2はそれぞれ、吸入圧力センサ9’及び吐出圧力センサ10’ で検出された冷媒の圧力である。また、T1は検出された吸入圧力P1から計算された冷媒ガスの飽和温度( 乾き度1)で、T2は吐出側冷媒の温度である。
しかしながら、図2 のa からb への傾きは圧縮機の運転状態や圧縮機の特性により変化するため、後述するような効率のよい理想的な b点の目標吐出温度を求めるため本願ではポリトロープ指数を用いている。
【0019】
上記冷凍サイクルにおいて、圧縮機3の圧縮効率は、圧縮機に固有な定数(ポリトロープ指数n)によって表わされる。ポリトロープ指数nは、圧縮機3の吸入側と吐出側の冷媒の状態から求められる値で、冷媒が圧縮されるときの圧力と比体積の関係を示す。このポリトロープ指数nは、冷凍サイクルを構成している圧縮機に固有の値であり、この値によって圧縮過程のカーブ(図では近似的に直線としている)が決定される。
図2をポリトロープ指数nを用いて表わすと、次の(1)式の関係となる。
【数1】

Figure 2004226006
【0020】
本発明においては、このポリトロープ指数nを圧縮比Rc別に実験的に求めることで、低圧の吸入圧力P1及び高圧の吐出圧力P2から、目標吐出冷媒温度T2を算出する。
例えば、次のようにnを予め設定する。
圧縮比Rcが、Rc<5の場合、n=1.2
圧縮比Rcが、5≦Rc≦8の場合、n=1.2 5
圧縮比Rcが、8<Rcの場合、n=1.1
これらの値は図5に示すテーブルとして、後述する図6の制御ブロック図の定数設定部に格納されている。
【0021】
図3は運転条件(圧縮比)が変わった場合のモリエル線図を示したものである。ポリトロープ指数nは圧縮比によって異なり、nが異なると図3に示すように圧縮過程がa’点からb’点、或いはe’点からf’点へと傾斜が異なってくる。
例えば、現在の吐出圧力をP2’ 、吸入圧力をP1’ とすると、吸入圧力より冷媒ガス飽和温度T1’ やT3’ を求めることにより、目標吐出冷媒温度T2’ 又はT4’ は(1)式の関係から夫々次のポリトロープ変化式で算出(演算)することができる。
【数2】
Figure 2004226006
【数3】
Figure 2004226006
【0022】
図4は本願の制御の概念を説明するためのモリエル線図である。図4において、低圧の吸入圧力P1及び高圧の吐出圧力P2はそれぞれ、吸入圧力センサ9’及び吐出圧力センサ10’ で検出された冷媒の圧力である。またT1は検出した吸入圧力より算出した冷媒ガス飽和温度であり、T2p は前述のポリトロープ変化式を用いて算出した目標吐出冷媒温度である。さらに、T2w は例えばあるタイミングで、吐出温度センサ10により検出された暖房運転時の吐出温度、また、T2c は例えばあるタイミングで、吐出温度センサ10により検出された冷房運転時の吐出温度である。
【0023】
暖房運転時は、目標吐出冷媒温度T2p となるように膨張弁6の開度を制御するが、例えば室内ユニット2aが停止状態であると室内膨張弁7aが微開状態となり、室内熱交換器8aに冷媒溜まりが生じる。このため、実際には吐出温度T2w となり、冷媒回路全体ではガス欠状態となる場合がある。
このため、本願では目標吐出冷媒温度T2p と吐出温度T2w との差を監視し、所定の温度差となったときに冷媒回路全体でガス欠状態であると判断し、停止中の室内ユニット2aの室内膨張弁7aを所定の角度だけ更に開放する。
これにより、溜まっていた冷媒が徐々に回収されてガス欠状態が低減される。つまり、冷媒の回収が本当に必要なときのみ室内膨張弁7aを最低限必要な角度だけ開放するため、不快な冷媒音を抑制することができる。
【0024】
冷房運転時は、目標吐出冷媒温度T2p と吐出温度T2c との差を監視し、所定の温度差となったときに圧縮機の吸入側の冷媒が過度な湿り状態であると判断し、運転中の室内ユニットの室内膨張弁を所定の角度だけ絞る。これにより、圧縮機の吸入側の冷媒の過度な湿り状態が低減される。
【0025】
このように暖房運転または冷房運転時に現在の吐出温度と目標吐出冷媒温度とを比較することにより、状態が不安定な吸入側の状態を推測できるため、正確な冷媒制御が可能となる。
【0026】
次に本発明の制御動作について、図6の制御ブロック図及び図7のフローチャート図に基づいて説明する。
制御部13は、圧縮機3の吸入側の吸入圧力センサ9’が検出した圧力を検知する吸入圧力検出部13a と、この吸入圧力により冷媒ガス飽和温度を算出する冷媒ガス飽和温度演算部13d と、吐出側の吐出圧力センサ10’ が検出した圧力を検知する吐出圧力検出部13b と、検出した吸入圧力と吐出圧力とにより圧縮比を演算する圧縮比演算部13h と、算出された圧縮比を入力し、予め実験的に求めた圧縮機3 の特性により決定されてテーブルに記憶した定数(ポリトロープ指数n)を選択して出力する定数設定部13e と、吐出温度センサ10が検出した吐出温度を検知する吐出温度検知部13c と、検出した吸入側の圧力と吐出側の圧力と算出された冷媒ガス飽和温度と選択されたポリトロープ指数とを入力し、これらをポリトロープ変化式に代入して目標吐出冷媒温度を算出する演算部13f と、目標吐出冷媒温度と検出した圧縮機3 の吐出側の温度との温度差に基づいた制御信号により、3台の室内ユニット内の室内膨張弁7a,7b,7cの開度を制御する弁開度制御部13g と、検出した吸入側の圧力と吐出側の圧力とにより室外膨張弁6 の開度を制御する弁開度制御部13i とから構成されている。
以上の構成において、検出した吸入側の圧力と吐出側の圧力とにより室外膨張弁6 の開度を制御する弁開度制御部13i の動作は、冷媒の過熱度を管理する一般的な制御方法であるため、ここでの詳細な制御方法は省略し、次に本願特有の制御について詳細な説明を行なう。
【0027】
図7のフローチャート図において、多室形空気調和機の運転がステップST1 で開始されると、まず、ステップST2で図4で説明したように、吸入圧力P1及び吐出圧力P2、吐出温度T2c(冷房時) 又は吐出温度T2w(暖房時) を検出する。次に吸入圧力P1及び吐出圧力P2とにより、圧縮比Rcを圧縮比演算部13h で算出する。
【0028】
次に、ステップST3で算出した圧縮比Rcが、図6の定数設定部13e に予め格納されている圧縮比別のテーブル( 図5参照)で選択される。ここで圧縮比Rcが、5以下かどうか判断され、以下であればステップST4でポリトロープ指数nを1.2 に設定し、5 以上であれば、さらに、ステップST5で圧縮比Rcが、5 ≦Rc≦8 の範囲内かどうか判定される。範囲内であれば、ST6 でポリトロープ指数nを1.2 5 に設定し、範囲外であれば、ステップST7で圧縮比Rcが8 以上かどうか判定される。もし、以上であれば、ステップST8 でポリトロープ指数nを1.3 に設定し、以下であれば、圧縮比Rcの算出が誤っていると考えられるので、ステップST2 からやり直す。
【0029】
ポリトロープ指数nがそれぞれの圧縮比ごとに設定されると、ステップST9 では、図6の演算部13f において、図3や図4で説明したように吸入圧力P1と吐出圧力P2と冷媒ガス飽和温度T1と設定されたポリトロープ指数nとを、前述したポリトロープ変化式に代入して目標吐出冷媒温度T2p が演算される。さらに、この目標吐出冷媒温度T2p と吐出温度T2c(冷房時) 又は吐出温度T2w ( 暖房時) とが等しいかどうかステップST10で比較する。等しければすでに目標冷媒温度に達していると判断し、何もしないでステップST2 へジャンプして監視を続ける。
等しくなければ、制御の必要ありと判断し、ステップST11で運転モードを判別する。運転モードが冷房であれば、ステップ12で目標吐出冷媒温度T2p が吐出温度T2c ( 冷房時) より大きいか判定する。大きければ圧縮機3の吸入冷媒は過度の湿り状態となっているので、ステップ13で動作中の室内機室内膨張弁を所定角度だけ絞る。
ステップST11において、運転モードが暖房であれば、ステップ14で目標吐出冷媒温度T2p が吐出温度T2w(暖房時) より小さいか判定する。小さければ圧縮機3の吸入冷媒はガス欠状態となっているので、ステップ15で停止中の室内機室内膨張弁を所定角度だけ開ける。
ステップST12又はステップST14において、それぞれ比較条件と一致しない場合は、何もしないでステップST2 へジャンプして監視を続ける。また、図示しないが、室内機室内膨張弁の制御により吐出温度が変化するまでに時間がかかるため、次の監視を始める前に一定時間を待つようにしてもよい。
【0030】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明によれば、請求項1に係わる発明は、暖房運転または冷房運転時に現在の吐出温度と目標吐出冷媒温度とを比較することにより、冷媒の状態が安定している吐出側の状態から、比較的状態が不安定な吸入側の状態を推測できるため、正確な冷媒制御が可能となる。
【0031】
請求項2に係わる発明は、冷房運転時に目標吐出冷媒温度と現在の検出した吐出側の温度との温度差に対応し、運転中の室内ユニットの室内膨張弁を所定の角度だけ絞り込むことにより、圧縮機の吸入側の冷媒の過度な湿り状態が低減される。
【0032】
請求項3に係わる発明は、暖房運転時に目標吐出冷媒温度と現在の検出した吐出側の温度との温度差に対応し、停止中の室内ユニットの室内膨張弁を所定の角度だけ開放することにより、溜まっていた冷媒が徐々に回収されてガス欠状態が低減される。つまり、冷媒の回収が本当に必要なときのみ室内膨張弁を最低限必要な角度だけ開放するため、不快な冷媒音を抑制することができる。
【0033】
請求項4に係わる発明は、ポリトロープ指数が圧縮機の特性に対応して実験的に決定されてことにより、圧縮機の特性に対応した正確な冷媒状態の把握することができ、正確な冷媒制御が可能となるとともに、異なる種類の圧縮機にもテーブルの定数を変更するだけで対応できる。
【0034】
請求項5に係わる発明は、ポリトロープ指数を圧縮比別に記憶していることにより、圧縮比の違いにより影響を受け易い吐出側の温度を補正して、正確な冷媒制御が可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明における多室形空気調和機の実施例を示す冷媒回路図である。
【図2】圧縮機の運転状態を説明するためのモリエル線図である。
【図3】本発明におけるポリトロープ指数を説明するためのモリエル線図である。
【図4】本発明における制御の概念を説明するためのモリエル線図である。
【図5】ポリトロープ指数nを圧縮比別に格納しているテーブルである。
【図6】本発明における制御ブロック図である。
【図7】本発明におけるフローチャート図である。
【符号の説明】
1 室外ユニット
2a,2b,2c 室内ユニット
3圧縮機
4 四方弁
5 室外熱交換器
6 室外膨張弁
7a,7b,7c 室内膨張弁(電子膨張弁)
8a,8b,8c 室内熱交換器
9’ 吸入圧力センサ
10 吐出温度センサ
10’ 吐出圧力センサ
13 制御部
13a 吸入圧力検出部
13b 吐出圧力検出部
13c 吐出温度検出部
13d 冷媒ガス飽和温度演算部
13e 定数設定部
13f 演算部
13g 弁開度制御部
13h 圧縮比演算部
13i 室外膨張弁開度制御部[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a control device for a multi-room air conditioner including an outdoor unit and a plurality of indoor units, and more specifically, to prevent the refrigerant to the compressor from being excessively wetted during cooling operation, The present invention relates to a control device that controls an opening degree of an indoor expansion valve on an indoor unit side so that refrigerant does not accumulate in an indoor unit stopped during a heating operation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, it is good in terms of capacity and efficiency of the compressor that the refrigerant sucked into the compressor in the refrigeration cycle of the air conditioner be in a state of a dry saturated gas (dryness 1) having a small degree of superheat. This can be achieved by adjusting the opening of the outdoor expansion valve of the outdoor unit in the heating cycle. Further, in the cooling cycle, it is possible to adjust the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve of the indoor unit.
Generally, the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve is controlled by the temperature or pressure detected by the temperature sensors of the heat exchangers of the outdoor and indoor units, or the pressure sensor, but is not actually controlled by dry saturated gas. This is control for suppressing the degree of superheat to a certain range.
Also, in order to more reliably control the degree of superheat, a method of controlling the opening degree of the indoor expansion valve of the indoor unit based on the degree of superheat sensor to make the refrigerant on the suction side of the compressor dry and in a saturated gas state has also been used. (For example, see Patent Document 1).
Further, in a multi-room air conditioner, a plurality of indoor units are connected to a refrigerant circuit, and some of the indoor units may be in a stopped state, for example, when a heating operation is being performed, the indoor unit is stopped. In order to fix and slightly close the indoor expansion valve of the indoor unit, a part of the refrigerant accumulates in the heat exchanger of the indoor unit, and as a result, the entire refrigerant circuit may be out of gas.
For this reason, there is disclosed a method of detecting a temperature difference between an outlet temperature of the indoor unit heat exchanger and a suction temperature (room temperature) of the indoor unit, and controlling an electronic expansion valve of the indoor unit heat exchanger based on a result of the detection (see FIG. For example, see Patent Document 2.)
[0003]
However, in the case of a method in which the degree of opening of the indoor expansion valve of the indoor unit is controlled based on the superheat sensor and the refrigerant on the suction side of the compressor is brought into a dry saturated gas state, the detection of the superheat is performed based on the suction temperature of the compressor. Since the measurement is performed by the sensor, the unstable state on the suction side of the compressor is measured, and the accurate detection of the degree of superheat cannot be performed. For this reason, for example, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant on the compressor suction side may be in an excessively wet state, which may damage or damage the compressor. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to surely make the refrigerant on the suction side of the compressor dry (to increase the degree of superheat) into a saturated gas state, but if it is performed excessively, the efficiency will be reduced.
Further, in the method of controlling the electronic expansion valve of the indoor unit heat exchanger to avoid the gas shortage state of the refrigerant circuit caused by the stopped indoor unit during the heating operation, the refrigerant accumulation is avoided independently for each indoor unit. As described above, since the electronic expansion valve of the indoor unit heat exchanger is controlled to open, the electronic expansion valve of the indoor unit heat exchanger is opened even when the entire refrigerant circuit is not in a gas shortage state. There is a fear that a great refrigerant noise may be generated.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-4-283361 (page 4, FIG. 1).
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-11-325639 (page 4, FIG. 1).
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the present invention, in view of the above problems, the refrigerant on the compressor suction side does not become excessively wet during the cooling operation, and the gas shortage state of the refrigerant circuit caused by the indoor unit stopped during the heating operation is avoided. It is another object of the present invention to provide a control device for a multi-room air conditioner in which unpleasant refrigerant noise is less likely to be generated.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has at least one compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an outdoor unit including an outdoor expansion valve, an indoor heat exchanger, and an indoor expansion valve in order to solve the above problems. A refrigerant circuit is configured by connecting a plurality of indoor units,
A multi-chamber type including a control unit for controlling the outdoor expansion valve in accordance with detection values of a suction pressure sensor for detecting a pressure on a suction side of the compressor and a discharge pressure sensor for detecting a pressure on a discharge side; An air conditioner,
The controller includes a refrigerant gas saturation temperature calculator that calculates a refrigerant gas saturation temperature based on the suction pressure detected by the suction pressure sensor, and calculates a compression ratio based on the suction pressure and the discharge pressure detected by the discharge pressure sensor. A compression ratio calculation unit, a constant setting unit that inputs the calculated compression ratio, selects and outputs a polytropic index determined by the characteristics of the compressor and stored in a table, and a discharge temperature detected by the discharge temperature sensor. A discharge temperature detecting unit for detecting the pressure on the suction side, the pressure on the discharge side, the calculated refrigerant gas saturation temperature and the selected polytropic index, and substituting these into a polytrope change equation to obtain a target. A calculating unit for calculating the discharge refrigerant temperature, and a temperature difference between the calculated target discharge refrigerant temperature and the detected temperature on the discharge side of the compressor in the indoor unit. And a valve opening control unit for controlling the opening of the inner expansion valve.
[0007]
Further, in response to a temperature difference between the target discharge refrigerant temperature and the detected discharge-side temperature during the cooling operation, the indoor expansion valve of the indoor unit being operated is narrowed down by a predetermined angle.
[0008]
In addition, in response to a temperature difference between the target discharge refrigerant temperature and the detected discharge-side temperature during the heating operation, the indoor expansion valve of the stopped indoor unit is opened by a predetermined angle.
[0009]
Further, the polytropic index is experimentally determined according to the characteristics of the compressor.
[0010]
Further, the polytropic index is stored for each compression ratio.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described as examples based on the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a refrigerant circuit of a multi-room air conditioner according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is an outdoor unit installed outdoors, and 2a, 2b, and 2c are three indoor units connected in parallel, respectively.
[0012]
The outdoor unit 1 is configured by connecting at least one compressor 3, a four-way valve 4, an outdoor heat exchanger 5, and an expansion valve 6, respectively. The indoor units 2a, 2b, 2c The indoor expansion valves 7a, 7b, 7c, which are expansion valves, are connected to the indoor heat exchangers 8a, 8b, 8c, respectively.
[0013]
The outdoor unit 1 and the indoor units 2a, 2b, 2c are connected by a refrigerant pipe via a first connection part A1 and a second connection part A2 to form a refrigerant circuit.
[0014]
On the suction side of the compressor 3, a suction pressure sensor 9 'for detecting the pressure (low pressure) of the suction refrigerant is provided. On the discharge side of the compressor 3, a discharge temperature sensor 10 for detecting the temperature of the discharged refrigerant and a discharge pressure sensor 10 'for detecting the pressure of the discharged refrigerant are provided.
[0015]
In the above, during the cooling operation, the gas refrigerant which has become high temperature and high pressure in the compressor 3 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 5 as shown by the solid line arrow in FIG. Is cooled and condensed to become a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant is reduced in pressure in the expansion valve 6 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant. The low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant is sent to the indoor heat exchange units 2a, 2b and 2c, cools the indoor air by heat exchange with the indoor air, and evaporates to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant. At this time, the indoor heat exchangers 8a, 8b, 8c function as evaporators for evaporating the liquid refrigerant. This low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is returned to the compressor 3 via the four-way valve 4.
[0016]
During the heating operation, the four-way valve 4 is set so that the refrigerant that has passed through the compressor 3 flows to the indoor heat exchange units 2a, 2b, and 2c, as indicated by the dashed arrows. During the heating operation, the gas refrigerant, which has become high temperature and high pressure in the compressor 3, is sent to the indoor heat exchange units 2a, 2b, 2c, and heats the indoor air by heat exchange with the indoor air and condenses. It becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. At this time, the indoor heat exchangers 8a, 8b, 8c function as condensers for condensing the gas refrigerant. The high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant is reduced in pressure in the expansion valve 6 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant. The low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 5, where the liquid refrigerant is heated and evaporated by heat exchange with outdoor air to be a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant. At this time, the outdoor heat exchanger 5 functions as an evaporator for evaporating the liquid refrigerant. The low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is returned to the compressor 3 via the four-way valve 4.
FIG. 2 is a Mollier diagram showing the thermodynamic change of the refrigerant in the operation process of the air conditioner. Hereinafter, this figure will be described.
(1) In the process of compressing the gas refrigerant in the compressor 3, the pressure and the enthalpy both increase, so that the state of the refrigerant changes to the upper right in the figure (from point a to point b). Hereinafter, this process is called a compression process.
(2) In the indoor heat exchange units 2a, 2b, 2c or the outdoor heat exchange unit 1, in the process in which the gas refrigerant is cooled and turned into the liquid refrigerant, the pressure (P2) does not change and the enthalpy decreases, so the state of the refrigerant Changes to the left in the figure, when the saturated vapor line G is reached, condensation starts, and when the saturated liquid line L is reached, the refrigerant completely liquefies and is further cooled to have a slight degree of supercooling. (Point b to point c). Hereinafter, this process is referred to as a condensation process.
(3) In the process in which the liquid refrigerant becomes low-temperature and low-pressure in the expansion valve 6, since the heat does not flow in and out, the enthalpy does not change and the pressure drops, so that the state of the refrigerant changes downward in the figure (from point c). d point). Hereinafter, this process is referred to as a decompression process.
(4) In the indoor heat exchange units 2a, 2b, 2c or the outdoor heat exchange unit 1, in the process of heating the liquid refrigerant to become a gas refrigerant, the pressure (P1) does not change and the enthalpy increases. The state changes to the right in the figure, and when the saturated vapor line G is reached (point a), the vaporization is completed. Hereinafter, this process is called an evaporation process.
[0018]
In FIG. 2, the low suction pressure P1 and the high discharge pressure P2 are the pressures of the refrigerant detected by the suction pressure sensor 9 'and the discharge pressure sensor 10', respectively. T1 is the saturation temperature (dryness 1) of the refrigerant gas calculated from the detected suction pressure P1, and T2 is the temperature of the discharge-side refrigerant.
However, since the slope from a to b in FIG. 2 changes depending on the operating state of the compressor and the characteristics of the compressor, the polytropic index is used in this application in order to obtain an efficient and ideal target discharge temperature at point b as described later. Is used.
[0019]
In the refrigeration cycle, the compression efficiency of the compressor 3 is represented by a constant (polytropic index n) unique to the compressor. The polytropic index n is a value obtained from the state of the refrigerant on the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 3, and indicates the relationship between the pressure and the specific volume when the refrigerant is compressed. The polytropic index n is a value specific to the compressor constituting the refrigeration cycle, and the curve of the compression process (approximately a straight line in the figure) is determined by this value.
When FIG. 2 is represented by using the polytropic index n, the following equation (1) is obtained.
(Equation 1)
Figure 2004226006
[0020]
In the present invention, the target discharge refrigerant temperature T2 is calculated from the low pressure suction pressure P1 and the high pressure discharge pressure P2 by experimentally obtaining the polytropic index n for each compression ratio Rc.
For example, n is set in advance as follows.
When the compression ratio Rc is Rc <5, n = 1.2
When the compression ratio Rc is 5 ≦ Rc ≦ 8, n = 1.25
When the compression ratio Rc is 8 <Rc, n = 1.1
These values are stored as a table shown in FIG. 5 in a constant setting unit of a control block diagram of FIG. 6 described later.
[0021]
FIG. 3 is a Mollier diagram when the operating conditions (compression ratio) are changed. The polytropic index n differs depending on the compression ratio. If the n differs, the slope of the compression process changes from point a 'to point b' or from point e 'to point f' as shown in FIG.
For example, assuming that the current discharge pressure is P2 'and the suction pressure is P1', the target discharge refrigerant temperature T2 'or T4' is obtained by calculating the refrigerant gas saturation temperature T1 'or T3' from the suction pressure. From the relationship, each can be calculated (calculated) by the following polytrope change equation.
(Equation 2)
Figure 2004226006
[Equation 3]
Figure 2004226006
[0022]
FIG. 4 is a Mollier diagram for explaining the control concept of the present application. In FIG. 4, the low pressure suction pressure P1 and the high pressure discharge pressure P2 are the pressures of the refrigerant detected by the suction pressure sensor 9 'and the discharge pressure sensor 10', respectively. T1 is the refrigerant gas saturation temperature calculated from the detected suction pressure, and T2p is the target discharge refrigerant temperature calculated using the above-described polytrope change equation. Further, T2w is, for example, the discharge temperature during the heating operation detected by the discharge temperature sensor 10 at a certain timing, and T2c is, for example, the discharge temperature during the cooling operation detected by the discharge temperature sensor 10 at a certain timing.
[0023]
During the heating operation, the opening of the expansion valve 6 is controlled so as to reach the target discharge refrigerant temperature T2p. For example, when the indoor unit 2a is in a stopped state, the indoor expansion valve 7a is slightly opened and the indoor heat exchanger 8a , A refrigerant pool occurs. Therefore, the discharge temperature actually becomes T2w, and the entire refrigerant circuit may be in a gas-out state.
For this reason, in the present application, the difference between the target discharge refrigerant temperature T2p and the discharge temperature T2w is monitored, and when a predetermined temperature difference is reached, it is determined that the entire refrigerant circuit is out of gas, and the stopped indoor unit 2a The indoor expansion valve 7a is further opened by a predetermined angle.
As a result, the accumulated refrigerant is gradually recovered, and the gas-out state is reduced. That is, the indoor expansion valve 7a is opened at the minimum necessary angle only when it is really necessary to recover the refrigerant, so that unpleasant refrigerant noise can be suppressed.
[0024]
During the cooling operation, the difference between the target discharge refrigerant temperature T2p and the discharge temperature T2c is monitored, and when the predetermined temperature difference is reached, it is determined that the refrigerant on the suction side of the compressor is in an excessively wet state, and The indoor expansion valve of the indoor unit is throttled by a predetermined angle. Thus, the excessively wet state of the refrigerant on the suction side of the compressor is reduced.
[0025]
Thus, by comparing the current discharge temperature with the target discharge refrigerant temperature during the heating operation or the cooling operation, the state of the suction side in which the state is unstable can be estimated, so that accurate refrigerant control can be performed.
[0026]
Next, the control operation of the present invention will be described based on the control block diagram of FIG. 6 and the flowchart of FIG.
The control unit 13 includes a suction pressure detection unit 13a that detects a pressure detected by a suction pressure sensor 9 ′ on the suction side of the compressor 3, and a refrigerant gas saturation temperature calculation unit 13d that calculates a refrigerant gas saturation temperature based on the suction pressure. A discharge pressure detector 13b for detecting the pressure detected by the discharge pressure sensor 10 'on the discharge side; a compression ratio calculator 13h for calculating a compression ratio based on the detected suction pressure and discharge pressure; A constant setting unit 13e for inputting and selecting and outputting a constant (polytropic index n) determined in advance by experimentally determined characteristics of the compressor 3 and stored in a table; and a discharge temperature detected by the discharge temperature sensor 10. The detected discharge temperature detector 13c, the detected suction-side pressure, the detected discharge-side pressure, the calculated refrigerant gas saturation temperature, and the selected polytropic index are input and A calculation unit 13f for calculating a target discharge refrigerant temperature by substituting into a rope change equation; and a control signal based on a temperature difference between the target discharge refrigerant temperature and the detected temperature on the discharge side of the compressor 3, thereby controlling three indoor units. A valve opening controller 13g for controlling the opening of the indoor expansion valves 7a, 7b, 7c, and a valve opening for controlling the opening of the outdoor expansion valve 6 based on the detected suction-side pressure and discharge-side pressure. And a controller 13i.
In the above configuration, the operation of the valve opening controller 13i for controlling the opening of the outdoor expansion valve 6 based on the detected pressure on the suction side and the detected pressure on the discharge side is a general control method for managing the degree of superheat of the refrigerant. Therefore, the detailed control method is omitted here, and the control specific to the present application will be described in detail.
[0027]
In the flowchart of FIG. 7, when the operation of the multi-room air conditioner is started in step ST1, first, as described in FIG. 4 in step ST2, the suction pressure P1, the discharge pressure P2, and the discharge temperature T2c (cooling). ) Or the discharge temperature T2w (at the time of heating). Next, the compression ratio Rc is calculated by the compression ratio calculation unit 13h based on the suction pressure P1 and the discharge pressure P2.
[0028]
Next, the compression ratio Rc calculated in step ST3 is selected from a table for each compression ratio (see FIG. 5) stored in advance in the constant setting unit 13e in FIG. Here, it is determined whether or not the compression ratio Rc is 5 or less. If it is less than 5, the polytrope index n is set to 1.2 in step ST4. If it is 5 or more, the compression ratio Rc is further set to 5 ≦ 5 in step ST5. It is determined whether or not Rc ≦ 8. If it is within the range, the polytropic index n is set to 1.25 in ST6, and if it is out of the range, it is determined whether or not the compression ratio Rc is 8 or more in step ST7. If this is the case, the polytropic index n is set to 1.3 in step ST8, and if it is below, the calculation of the compression ratio Rc is considered to be erroneous, and the process is repeated from step ST2.
[0029]
When the polytropic index n is set for each compression ratio, in step ST9, as described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the suction pressure P1, the discharge pressure P2, and the refrigerant gas saturation temperature T1 are calculated in the calculation unit 13f in FIG. The target discharge refrigerant temperature T2p is calculated by substituting the set polytropic index n into the aforementioned polytrope change equation. Further, it is determined in step ST10 whether or not the target discharge refrigerant temperature T2p is equal to the discharge temperature T2c (for cooling) or the discharge temperature T2w (for heating). If they are equal, it is determined that the target refrigerant temperature has already been reached, and the process jumps to step ST2 without any operation to continue monitoring.
If they are not equal, it is determined that control is necessary, and the operation mode is determined in step ST11. If the operation mode is cooling, it is determined in step 12 whether the target discharge refrigerant temperature T2p is higher than the discharge temperature T2c (during cooling). If it is larger, the refrigerant sucked into the compressor 3 is in an excessively wet state. Therefore, in step 13, the operating indoor unit indoor expansion valve is throttled by a predetermined angle.
If the operation mode is heating in step ST11, it is determined in step 14 whether the target discharge refrigerant temperature T2p is lower than the discharge temperature T2w (at the time of heating). If it is smaller, the refrigerant sucked into the compressor 3 is in a gas-deficient state. Therefore, in step 15, the stopped indoor unit indoor expansion valve is opened by a predetermined angle.
In step ST12 or step ST14, if they do not match the comparison conditions, the process jumps to step ST2 without doing anything and continues monitoring. Although not shown, since it takes time until the discharge temperature changes due to the control of the indoor unit indoor expansion valve, a certain period of time may be waited before starting the next monitoring.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the present invention according to claim 1 compares the current discharge temperature with the target discharge refrigerant temperature during a heating operation or a cooling operation, thereby making the discharge state of the refrigerant stable. Since the state of the suction side, whose state is relatively unstable, can be estimated from the state of the suction side, accurate refrigerant control is possible.
[0031]
The invention according to claim 2 corresponds to the temperature difference between the target discharge refrigerant temperature and the currently detected discharge-side temperature during the cooling operation, and by narrowing the indoor expansion valve of the indoor unit being operated by a predetermined angle, Excessive wetness of the refrigerant on the suction side of the compressor is reduced.
[0032]
The invention according to claim 3 corresponds to a temperature difference between the target discharge refrigerant temperature and the currently detected discharge-side temperature during the heating operation, and by opening the indoor expansion valve of the stopped indoor unit by a predetermined angle. Then, the accumulated refrigerant is gradually recovered, and the gas-out state is reduced. That is, the indoor expansion valve is opened by the minimum necessary angle only when the refrigerant is really needed to be collected, so that unpleasant refrigerant noise can be suppressed.
[0033]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the polytropic index is experimentally determined according to the characteristics of the compressor, an accurate refrigerant state corresponding to the characteristics of the compressor can be grasped. And compressors of different types can be handled simply by changing the constants in the table.
[0034]
In the invention according to claim 5, since the polytropic exponent is stored for each compression ratio, it is possible to correct the temperature on the discharge side, which is susceptible to the difference in compression ratio, and to perform accurate refrigerant control.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating an embodiment of a multi-room air conditioner according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a Mollier chart for explaining an operation state of the compressor.
FIG. 3 is a Mollier diagram for explaining a polytropic index in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a Mollier diagram for explaining the concept of control in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a table storing a polytropic index n for each compression ratio.
FIG. 6 is a control block diagram according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart in the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 outdoor unit 2a, 2b, 2c indoor unit 3 compressor 4 four-way valve 5 outdoor heat exchanger 6 outdoor expansion valve 7a, 7b, 7c indoor expansion valve (electronic expansion valve)
8a, 8b, 8c Indoor heat exchanger 9 'Suction pressure sensor 10 Discharge temperature sensor 10' Discharge pressure sensor 13 Controller 13a Suction pressure detector 13b Discharge pressure detector 13c Discharge temperature detector 13d Refrigerant gas saturation temperature calculator 13e Constant Setting unit 13f Calculation unit 13g Valve opening control unit 13h Compression ratio calculation unit 13i Outdoor expansion valve opening control unit

Claims (5)

少なくとも1台の圧縮機と、四方弁と、室外熱交換器と、室外膨張弁からなる室外ユニットと、室内熱交換器と室内膨張弁を備えた複数の室内ユニットとを接続して冷媒回路を構成してなり、
前記圧縮機の吸入側の圧力を検出する吸入圧力センサと、吐出側の圧力を検出する吐出圧力センサとの検出値に対応して前記室外膨張弁を制御する制御部を備えてなる多室形空気調和機であって、
前記制御部には、前記吸入圧力センサで検出した吸入圧力により冷媒ガス飽和温度を算出する冷媒ガス飽和温度演算部と、前記吸入圧力と前記吐出圧力センサで検出した吐出圧力とにより圧縮比を算出する圧縮比演算部と、算出された圧縮比を入力し、前記圧縮機の特性により決定されてテーブルに記憶したポリトロープ指数を選択して出力する定数設定部と、吐出温度センサが検出した吐出温度を検知する吐出温度検知部と、検出した吸入側の圧力と吐出側の圧力と算出された前記冷媒ガス飽和温度と選択されたポリトロープ指数とを入力し、これらをポリトロープ変化式に代入して目標吐出冷媒温度を算出する演算部と、算出された前記目標吐出冷媒温度と検出した前記圧縮機の吐出側の温度との温度差に対応して前記室内ユニット内の室内膨張弁の開度を制御する弁開度制御部とを備えてなることを特徴とする多室形空気調和機の制御装置。
At least one compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an outdoor unit including an outdoor expansion valve, and a plurality of indoor units including an indoor heat exchanger and an indoor expansion valve are connected to form a refrigerant circuit. Composed,
A multi-chamber type including a control unit for controlling the outdoor expansion valve in accordance with detection values of a suction pressure sensor for detecting a pressure on a suction side of the compressor and a discharge pressure sensor for detecting a pressure on a discharge side; An air conditioner,
The controller includes a refrigerant gas saturation temperature calculator that calculates a refrigerant gas saturation temperature based on the suction pressure detected by the suction pressure sensor, and calculates a compression ratio based on the suction pressure and the discharge pressure detected by the discharge pressure sensor. A compression ratio calculation unit, a constant setting unit that inputs the calculated compression ratio, selects and outputs a polytropic index determined by the characteristics of the compressor and stored in a table, and a discharge temperature detected by the discharge temperature sensor. A discharge temperature detecting unit for detecting the pressure on the suction side, the pressure on the discharge side, the calculated refrigerant gas saturation temperature and the selected polytropic index, and substituting these into a polytrope change equation to obtain a target. A calculating unit for calculating the discharge refrigerant temperature, and a temperature difference between the calculated target discharge refrigerant temperature and the detected temperature on the discharge side of the compressor in the indoor unit. By comprising a valve opening control unit for controlling the opening of the inner expansion valve control apparatus for a multi-room air conditioning apparatus according to claim.
冷房運転時に前記目標吐出冷媒温度と検出した前記吐出側の温度との温度差に対応し、運転中の前記室内ユニットの室内膨張弁を所定の角度だけ絞り込んでなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の多室形空気調和機の制御装置。2. The indoor expansion valve of the indoor unit being operated is throttled by a predetermined angle corresponding to a temperature difference between the target discharge refrigerant temperature and the detected discharge-side temperature during a cooling operation. 2. The control device for a multi-room air conditioner according to item 1. 暖房運転時に前記目標吐出冷媒温度と検出した前記吐出側の温度との温度差に対応し、停止中の前記室内ユニットの室内膨張弁を所定の角度だけ開放してなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の多室形空気調和機の制御装置。The indoor expansion valve of the stopped indoor unit is opened at a predetermined angle corresponding to a temperature difference between the target discharge refrigerant temperature and the detected discharge-side temperature during a heating operation. 2. The control device for a multi-room air conditioner according to 1. 前記ポリトロープ指数が前記圧縮機の特性に対応して実験的に決定されてなることを特徴とする請求項1記載の多室形空気調和機の制御装置。The control device for a multi-room air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the polytropic index is experimentally determined according to characteristics of the compressor. 前記ポリトロープ指数が圧縮比別に記憶されてなることを特徴とする請求項1記載の多室形空気調和機の制御装置。The control device for a multi-room air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the polytropic index is stored for each compression ratio.
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