JP2004223360A - Woody biomass treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a woody biomass treatment apparatus suitable for practical operation. <P>SOLUTION: This apparatus has a carbonization treatment container 101 for the woody biomass B and a discharge means 104 for discharging a material to be treated in the container 101 outside the container 101. The discharge means 104 is composed of a discharge opening 101E formed in the container 101 and screw blades 105 and 106 for conveying the material in the container 101 to the discharge opening 101E. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a treatment apparatus for carbonizing and activating woody biomass.
[0002]
[Prior art]
BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, in order to effectively use resources, woody biomass such as remaining sawn timber, construction waste wood, driftwood of dams and rivers has been carbonized, and the obtained carbide has been used as an energy source. In addition, simply using wood-based biomass as an energy source will limit the amount of use, and further uses are being sought.Currently, such carbides are used as soil improvement materials, snowmelt materials, humidity control materials, Attempts have been made to use it as an adsorbent.
[0003]
As a conventional treatment apparatus for carbonizing woody biomass, for example, a woody biomass carbonization chamber, a burner for heating the woody carbonization chamber, a loading port for supplying woody biomass into the carbonization chamber, and an object to be treated (carbonized material) ) Mainly includes a water sprinkling device that exposes water vapor (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-55580
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, such a conventional woody biomass processing apparatus is not sufficient as an apparatus for actually operating it. In order to actually operate a woody biomass treatment device, various considerations such as stability, durability, economy, and quality of the resulting carbides are necessary. This was because the consideration was not enough. In particular, such a conventional device is provided with a watering device for activating carbides in order to enhance the use effect as a soil improvement material, a snow melting material, a humidity control material, an adsorbent, and the like. Are significantly inadequate.
[0005]
Thus, a main object of the present invention is to provide a woody biomass treatment apparatus suitable for actual operation.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention which has solved the above-mentioned problems is as follows.
<Invention according to claim 1>
A woody biomass treatment apparatus, comprising: a woody biomass carbonization treatment container; and a discharge unit configured to discharge an object to be treated in the carbonization treatment container to outside the carbonization treatment container.
A horizontal cylindrical shape rotatable around an axis having a central cylindrical portion and a narrow cylindrical portion having a diameter shorter than the diameter of the central cylindrical portion located at both ends of the central cylindrical portion. And the non-rotating exhaust container communicating with the thin tube portion is provided in a state of being in contact with the periphery of the peripheral wall of the thin tube portion,
A wood outlet, wherein the outlet means is constituted by an outlet provided on a side surface of the thin tube portion, and a screw blade for conveying an object to be processed in the carbonization container to the outlet. Biomass processing equipment.
[0007]
(Effect)
The carbonization treatment container is a horizontal cylindrical shape rotatable around an axis having a central cylindrical portion and narrow cylindrical portions located at both ends of the central cylindrical portion, and a non-rotating non-rotating communicating with the narrow cylindrical portion. The exhaust container is provided in contact with the periphery of the peripheral wall of the narrow tube portion. However, since the diameter of the narrow tube portion is smaller than the diameter of the central tube portion, the exhaust container is provided with the narrow tube portion (rotation). The contact portion with the exhaust container (non-rotating) is short and narrow. Therefore, a woody biomass processing apparatus suitable for operation in terms of “stability and durability” is obtained.
In this regard, in the conventional apparatus, when the diameter of the narrow cylindrical portion is shorter than the diameter of the central cylindrical portion, it is difficult to discharge the object to be processed in the carbonization processing container to the outside of the carbonization processing container. However, in the apparatus of the present invention, the discharge means is constituted by the discharge port provided on the side surface of the narrow cylindrical portion, and the screw blade that conveys the workpiece in the carbonization processing container to the discharge port. The problem that the discharge of the processing object becomes difficult does not occur.
[0008]
<Invention according to claim 2>
A woody biomass carbonization treatment container, a heating device for heating the carbonization treatment container, and a woody biomass treatment device having a supply unit for supplying woody biomass into the carbonization treatment container,
The carbonization processing vessel is a horizontal cylindrical shape, and the heating means is configured by an outer cylinder provided around the peripheral wall of the carbonization processing vessel and a heat source supply means for supplying a heat source into the outer cylinder,
The apparatus for treating woody biomass, wherein the supply means is provided on a side surface of the carbonization treatment container so as to be freely inserted and removed.
[0009]
(Effect)
The carbonization container has a horizontal cylindrical shape, and the heating means comprises an outer cylinder provided around the peripheral wall of the carbonization container and a heat source supply means for supplying a heat source into the outer cylinder. Since the biomass supply means is provided on the side surface of the carbonization treatment container so as to be freely inserted and removed, the entire peripheral wall of the carbonization treatment container can be used as a heat transfer surface. Therefore, the heating efficiency can be improved, and a woody biomass treatment apparatus suitable for operation in terms of "economical efficiency" can be provided.
[0010]
<Invention of Claim 3>
A woody biomass carbonization treatment container, a woody biomass treatment device having a heating means for heating the carbonization treatment container,
An outer cylinder provided around the peripheral wall of the carbonization processing container, and a heat source supply unit for supplying a heat source to the outer cylinder; And is composed of
An apparatus for treating woody biomass, wherein a protruding member extending in the axial direction is attached to an inner wall of the carbonization treatment container.
[0011]
(Effect)
In a processing apparatus provided with a stirring means in the carbonization processing vessel, the woody biomass is not sufficiently stirred. In particular, in the case of an external heating type in which the heating means is constituted by an outer cylinder provided around the peripheral wall of the carbonization processing vessel and a heat source supply means for supplying a heat source into the outer cylinder, the heating temperature is increased by the stirring means. Since the unevenness is remarkably uneven, the quality of the to-be-processed object (carbonized product or activated carbon) varies widely.
On the other hand, in the treatment apparatus of the present invention, the carbonization treatment container has a horizontal cylindrical shape rotatable around the axis, so that the woody biomass is sufficiently stirred. In addition, in the processing apparatus of the present invention, since the protruding member extending in the axial direction is attached to the inner wall of the carbonization processing vessel, there is no possibility that the woody biomass slides on the inner wall of the carbonization processing vessel. Therefore, according to the processing apparatus of the present invention, the woody biomass can be sufficiently and reliably stirred, and the quality of the to-be-processed material (carbonized product or activated carbon) can be uniform, and operation can be performed in terms of “quality”. This is a suitable woody biomass treatment device.
[0012]
<Invention of Claim 4>
A woody biomass carbonization treatment container, and a woody biomass treatment device having activation means for applying steam to an object to be treated in the carbonization treatment container,
The carbonization processing container is a horizontal cylindrical shape rotatable around an axis,
And a wood-based material, wherein the activation means extends in the axial direction along the inner wall of the carbonization treatment container and has a plurality of holes formed in the peripheral wall in the axial direction. Biomass processing equipment.
[0013]
(Effect)
Since the carbonization container has a horizontal cylindrical shape rotatable around the axis, the woody biomass is sufficiently stirred.
Further, at this time, the woody biomass is agitated in a state in which the woody biomass is swirled around the axial direction of the carbonization treatment container in the vicinity of the lower inner wall of the carbonization treatment container. In the present invention, steam is applied to the object to be treated. Since the activation means is constituted by a pipe body extending in the axial direction along the inner wall of the carbonization processing container and having a plurality of holes arranged in the peripheral wall in the axial direction, various kinds of materials to be treated (carbonized material) are provided. Water vapor is uniformly applied from an angle. Therefore, the activation reaction proceeds uniformly, and the quality of the object to be processed (activated carbon) becomes uniform. Further, since such a tube extends along the inner wall of the “upper side” of the carbonization container, there is no possibility that the hole is clogged with the object to be processed, and the activation efficiency is always constant. Therefore, a woody biomass processing apparatus suitable for operation in terms of “quality” is provided.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
[Woody biomass]
The woody biomass to be treated by the apparatus of the present invention is woody biomass. Woody biomass containing lignocellulose, which is a main component of wood, and waste paper, black liquor, paper mill wastewater sludge, etc., containing no lignocellulose are included. The woody biomass includes forest biomass, sawmill residue, construction waste, driftwood from dams and rivers, pruned branches from street trees, pruned branches generated from landscaping and orchards, and the like. The above-mentioned forest biomass includes forest land residues, thinned wood, unused trees, short-period timber, rooted wood, and the like.
Thinned wood is wood (material) generated in the artificial forest according to the work of adjusting the individual density of the target tree species (thinning) according to the degree of congestion of the stand. The forest land residue is a material other than the material (log) generated during main cutting, thinning, and clearing, and includes end trees and branches. Unused trees include, for example, broadleaf forests that were once used as firewood forests but are no longer used (also referred to as satoyama forests, old firewood forests, etc.). In addition, the unused trees include those in which conifer plantations planted for the purpose of material production are left without being trimmed or thinned and are in a sprouts state. The sawn wood residue and the construction waste material are waste materials generated in the process of processing the material. Wood biomass generated in the sawmill and wood processing industries is sawn wood, and wood biomass generated in the building, construction, and house demolition businesses is construction waste. The remaining sawn wood includes chips, backboards, offcuts, sawdust and bark. The construction waste includes a construction waste generated when a building is constructed and a dismantling waste generated when a building is dismantled.
[0015]
[Processing system and processing device]
FIG. 1 shows a process flow diagram of a processing system provided with a woody biomass processing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment.
The processing system has a transport unit that automatically transports a predetermined amount of woody biomass to the processing apparatus 1. By automatically transferring the woody biomass, the number of personnel for operating the system is reduced, and suitable operation becomes possible. The form of the transport means is not particularly limited, but the following form is recommended.
[0016]
In the conveying means of the present embodiment, first, a predetermined amount of woody biomass B is supplied into the hopper 2A of the cutting device 2 via a conveying path 41 such as a pipe. It is preferable that a weighing means such as the load cell 2R in the present embodiment is attached to the hopper 2A. If a measuring means such as the load cell 2R is attached, the supplied woody biomass B can be measured, and the amount of woody biomass supplied at one time can be reliably set to a predetermined amount.
[0017]
The woody biomass B in the hopper 2A is cut out into a hopper 3A provided at the base end of the conveyor 3. The woody biomass B cut out in the hopper 3A is transported upward by the conveyor 3. The woody biomass B transported to the end of the conveyor 3 is sent to the processing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment that switches between carbonization and activation.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 2, the treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment includes a carbonization container 101 for woody biomass B, a heating unit 102 for heating the carbonization container 101, and a transport unit ( Specifically, a supply unit 103 for supplying the woody biomass B from the conveyor 3) and a discharge unit 104 for discharging an object to be treated (carbonized or activated carbon) in the carbonization container 101 to the outside of the carbonization container 101 are mainly included. To have.
[0019]
The carbonization processing container 101 has a horizontal cylindrical shape having a hermetically sealed structure rotatable about an axis, and both ends thereof have the same diameter as the central cylindrical portion 101A as shown in an enlarged manner in FIG. It has a double-pipe structure of an extended tubular portion 101B and a thin tubular portion 101D connected via a conical portion 101C having a shorter diameter than the central tubular portion 101A. Although the small tube portion 101D is open, a non-rotating exhaust container 107 communicating with the small tube portion 101D is provided in contact with the periphery of the peripheral wall of the small tube portion 101D, thereby forming a sealed structure. I have. The contact portion between the thin cylindrical portion 101D (rotating) and the exhaust container 107 (not rotating) can be sealed with a gland packing 102D or the like interposed therebetween.
[0020]
One opening (the opening on the left side of the paper) of the thin cylindrical portion 101D is an outlet 101E for the woody biomass B. Screw blades (105, 106) are attached to the inner wall of the thin tube portion 101D having the discharge port 101E. The above-described discharge port 101E and the screw blades (105, 106) constitute the discharge means 104 of the present embodiment.
[0021]
Since the screw blade according to the present embodiment is attached to the inner wall of the thin cylindrical portion 101D, the screw blade rotates with the rotation of the carbonization processing container 101, and removes the workpiece (carbonized product or activated carbon) in the carbonization processing container 101. The sheet is transported to the discharge port 101E.
[0022]
The screw blade only needs to be capable of transporting the object to be processed to the discharge port 101E, and its form is not particularly limited. However, it is preferable that the discharge blade is composed of the discharge blade 105 and the screw blade 106 as in the present embodiment.
[0023]
The discharge blade 105 of the present embodiment is attached along the conical portion 101C of the carbonization container 101. More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the diving charge blade 105 has a form in which one flat plate is bent around a predetermined axis 105a, and two flat surfaces 105A and 105B formed by this bending. And the inner wall of the conical portion 101C are attached in a state where a transport path 105C through which an object to be processed (carbide or activated carbon) passes is formed. Further, one surface 105A of the two planes 105A and 105B has an extending surface 105b that extends more than the other surface 105B. Therefore, when the discharge blade 105 rotates from the one surface 105A side to the other surface 105B side with the rotation of the carbonization processing container 101, the workpiece (carbonized material or activated carbon A) in the central cylindrical portion 101A is applied. It is scraped up by the extending surface 105b, and is fed into the narrow tube portion 101D through the previous transport path 105C.
[0024]
Then, as shown in FIG. 7, a screw blade 106 is attached to the thin cylindrical portion 101D along the inner wall thereof. Accordingly, with the rotation of the carbonization container 101, the screw blade 106 also rotates. With this rotation, the screw blade 106 conveys the workpiece sent by the discharge blade 105 toward the discharge port 101E. The screw blade 106 only needs to be capable of transporting an object to be processed toward the discharge port 101E, and its structure is not particularly limited. However, the conical portion 101C has a four-threaded structure, and the conical portion 101C has a four-threaded structure and the outlet 101E has a two-threaded structure so that the conical portion 101C has a more multi-threaded structure than the outlet 101E. Preferably, it has a structure. By increasing the number of strips on the side of the conical portion 101C, it is possible to prevent the workpiece sent by the discharge blade 105 from returning to the inside of the central cylindrical portion 101A. By reducing the number of strips on the side of the discharge port 101E, it is possible to prevent the processing object from being unraveled and the processing object from being formed into a block.
[0025]
The rotation of the carbonization treatment container 101 is mutually reverse during the carbonization / activation treatment and during the discharge operation of the workpiece. As a result, during the carbonization / activation process, a conveying force in the direction of the central cylindrical portion 101A acts on the object to be processed, and during the discharging process, a conveying force in the direction of the discharge port 101E acts on the object to be processed. Will work. The method for rotating the carbonization container 101 is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, while the extending tubular portions 101B, 101B are rotatably supported by the tires 110, 110, they are rotated using the variable drive motor M2 as a drive source.
[0026]
The heating means 102 for heating the carbonization processing vessel 101 of the present embodiment includes a non-rotating (non-rotating) outer cylinder 102A provided around the peripheral wall of the carbonization processing vessel 101 via a gland packing 102C, and a heating unit 102 inside the outer cylinder 102A. And heat source supply means 102B for supplying a heat source such as hot air. The form of the heat source supply means is not particularly limited, but is a hot stove in the present embodiment. Details of this hot blast stove will be described later. As a heating means, for example, an electric heater or the like can be used instead.
[0027]
The supply means 103 of the present embodiment is constituted by a screw conveyor provided on the side surface of the carbonization processing container 101, specifically, at the discharge port 101E so as to be freely inserted and removed. By providing the screw conveyor 103 on the side surface of the carbonization processing container 101, the entire peripheral wall of the carbonization processing container 101 can be used as a heat transfer surface. In the present embodiment, the peripheral wall portion of the central cylindrical portion 101A is used as a heat transfer surface. However, the peripheral wall portion of the extending cylindrical portion 101B is used as a heat transfer surface. It can be changed.
[0028]
The screw conveyor 103 includes a cylindrical body 103A, a spiral screw 103C attached around a shaft 103B extending in the axial direction in the cylindrical body 103A, as shown in FIG. 8 to FIG. And a supply port 103D provided at an upper portion of the base end of the body 103A. The shaft 103B is rotated around the axis by a driving source M such as a motor, and the screw 103C is also rotated accordingly. The woody biomass B from the belt conveyor 3 is taken into the screw conveyor 103 from the supply port 103D, transported to the tip of the cylindrical body 103A by the screw 103C, and supplied into the carbonization container 101.
[0029]
The structure for enabling the screw conveyor 103 to be freely inserted and removed is not particularly limited. In the present embodiment, the screw conveyor 103 is attached to a moving frame 109 which is movable in the rail material direction while being hung on the rail material 108. When the moving frame 109 is moved to the carbonization container 101 side, the cylindrical body 103A and the thin cylindrical portion 101D of the screw conveyor 103 have a double pipe structure. Therefore, the screw blade 106 is located between the cylindrical body 103A and the thin cylindrical portion 101D. In the carbonization and activation treatment of the workpiece, the screw conveyor 103 is pulled out of the carbonization treatment container 101, and the lid 103E of the exhaust container 107 is closed. As a result, the carbonization container 101 is closed.
[0030]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the screw conveyor 103 is used as the supply unit, but other than this, for example, a double damper that can be freely inserted and removed from the side surface of the carbonization container 101 can be used. When a double damper is used, the woody biomass B from the belt conveyor 3 can be supplied directly into the central cylindrical portion 101A through the double damper, but it can be supplied to the distal end portion (near the discharge port 101E) of the narrow cylindrical portion 101D. It may be made to fall, and it may be made to convey to the inside of central cylinder part 101A using screw blade 106 of the above.
[0031]
By the way, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of, in this embodiment, four projecting members 111, 111... Extending in the axial direction are attached to the inner wall of the carbonization container 101. The protruding member 111 can be composed of, for example, a scraping blade, a lifter, or the like. In the case where the protruding member 111 is configured by a scraping blade, the object to be processed accumulated near the lower inner wall thereof is scraped up with the rotation of the carbonization processing container 101, and the thermal conductivity is improved. Although the shape of the protruding member 111 is not particularly limited, it is preferable that the protruding member 111 has a U-shape as in the present embodiment. This is because the stirring effect is improved.
[0032]
In the present embodiment, in addition to the above, an activation means 112 for applying steam to the object to be treated (carbide) is further provided. This activating means is constituted by a pipe body extending in the axial direction along the upper inner wall of the carbonization processing vessel 101 and having a plurality of holes (not shown) arranged in the peripheral wall in the axial direction.
[0033]
More specifically, the tube body 112 is inserted into the carbonization treatment container 101 from the side of the narrow cylindrical portion 101D opposite to the narrow cylindrical portion 101D having the discharge port 101E, and extends coaxially with the narrow cylindrical portion 101D. After being bent upward along the inner wall of the conical portion 101C, it is extended along the upper inner wall of the central cylindrical portion 101A to the vicinity of the dibcharge blade 105. Water vapor from a hole provided in the peripheral wall of the tube 112 is applied to the object to be processed, and is thereby activated.
[0034]
In the processing apparatus 1 described above, the carbonization and activation processing is performed “switching (carbonization and activation are performed in the same place (region)”). If the carbonization and activation are not performed simultaneously and switched but performed simultaneously, the carbonization and activation conditions such as the processing time and the processing temperature can be separately set, and the quality of the obtained activated carbon can be improved.
[0035]
Next, the heat source supply unit 102B of the heating unit 102 will be described. In the present embodiment, as the heat source supply means 102B, an appropriate number, in this embodiment, two hot blast stoves are attached to the outer cylinder 102A. As shown in FIG. 1, air C from the blower 60 via the supply path 42, kerosene R via the supply path 43, and liquefied petroleum gas ( LPG), and compressed air is supplied through the supply path 45. Hot air generated in the hot blast stoves 102B, 102B is sent into the outer cylinder 102A. The temperature in the carbonization processing container 101 can be set by the temperature and the flow rate of the hot air. However, in the present system, it is preferable that the temperature in the carbonization processing vessel 101 be increased and activated after carbonization is completed. In the present embodiment, this temperature increase can be performed by increasing the amount of kerosene R supplied into hot stoves 102B, 102B. In this system, LPG is used at the time of ignition.
[0036]
In the present processing apparatus 1, at the time of activation, the water W sent through the transport pipe 46 and the branch pipe 46A branched from the transport pipe 46 is injected and supplied as steam through the pipe 112 (water W is It becomes steam in the carbonization vessel 101. However, it can be supplied in advance as steam.) Thereby, micropores are formed in the carbide, and activated carbon A is obtained.
[0037]
Note that nitrogen gas N can be supplied into the carbonization processing container 101 via the transport pipe 47 and the water sprinkling pipe 112. The nitrogen gas N has a higher temperature in order to purge (eject) air or the like accumulated in the carbonization treatment vessel 101 before starting operation, or to purge dry distillation gas generated during activation. Used to cool the object.
[0038]
Activated carbon A obtained by carbonization and activation is discharged from screwing container 101 into screw conveyor 4. In the screw conveyor 4, the activated carbon A is cooled while being transported. This cooling is performed by passing water W as a refrigerant through an outer jacket 4A provided around the peripheral wall of the screw conveyor 4. In the outer jacket 4A, the water W whose temperature has risen due to the cooling of the activated carbon A is sent to the refrigerant cooling device 72 via the transport pipe 48 and cooled (air cooled). The cooled refrigerant is supplied again into the outer jacket 4A via the transport pipe 49, and is used for cooling. The coolant W is supplied to the coolant cooling device 72 through the transport pipe 50.
[0039]
In the screw conveyor 4, the cooled activated carbon A is sent to the sieving means 5 via the activated carbon transport conveyor 51. The sieving means 5 is provided with a predetermined number of screens, in this embodiment, two screens. By changing the size of these sieves, the activated carbon A is sieved according to its size. In this embodiment, the upper sieve has a mesh of 500 μm (32 mesh), and the lower sieve has a mesh of 210 μm (65 mesh). Therefore, the activated carbon A1 of more than 500 μm is collected in the upper stage in the sieving means 5, the activated carbon A2 of more than 210 μm to 500 μm or less in the middle stage, and the activated carbon A3 of 210 μm or less in the lower stage. When the activated carbon A is sieved by the sieving means 5, activated carbon A having a size suitable for each use can be recovered, and its utility value increases. For example, in the present embodiment, the activated carbon A2 (over 210 μm to 500 μm or less) collected at the middle stage is used as the activated carbon A2 (over 210 μm to 500 μm or less) in the soil improvement material such as farmland improvement or snow melting material. Activated carbon A3 (210 μm or less) recovered in the lower stage can be used as a good humidity control material, an adsorbent, or the like, as a sub-material for building materials, or an exhaust gas treatment material after granulation (adsorption of dioxin or the like). The activated carbon A collected by the sieving means 5 can be stored as it is (A1, A3) or can be stored after granulation as appropriate (A2).
[0040]
By the way, in the treatment apparatus 1, the carbonization gas G1 is generated as the woody biomass B is carbonized and activated. In the present embodiment, the carbonization gas G1 is sent to the combustion furnace 6 provided with a burner 6A as a combustion means via an exhaust pipe 52 provided on the upper end surface of the exhaust vessel 107. Air C is sent from the blower 61 to the combustion furnace 6 through the supply pipe 53, and the carbonization gas G1 is burned. This combustion is ignited and assisted by the burner 6A. In the burner 6A used for ignition and auxiliary combustion, kerosene R is supplied via a branch pipe 43A branched from the supply path 43, LPG is supplied via a branch pipe 44A branched from the supply path 44, and LPG via the supply path 45. The compressed air is supplied with air C from the blower 61 via a branch pipe 53A branched from the supply pipe 53, respectively. Regarding these supplies, it is preferable to adjust the supply amounts as appropriate. The amount of the dry distillation gas G1 sent to the combustion furnace 6 changes with time (for example, the amount of carbonization gas G1 during activation becomes larger than that during carbonization. Needless to say, the amount is not constant both during carbonization and during activation. ), To adjust the supply amount and stabilize combustion (for example, to set the furnace temperature to about 850 ° C.).
[0041]
The method of adjusting the supply amount is not particularly limited. However, from the viewpoint of reliable combustion of the carbonization gas G1, it is preferable to adopt the configuration of the present embodiment.
That is, a sensor C1 for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas G3 is provided in the exhaust pipe 54 described later, and a detection signal from the sensor C1 is transmitted to a sensor C2 provided in the branch pipe 43A via the cable K1. Then, based on the received signal, the amount of kerosene R supplied to the burner 6A is adjusted by adjusting the valve V provided in the middle of the branch pipe 43A. In addition, a signal received by the sensor C2 is transmitted via the cable K2 to the sensor C3 provided in the middle of the branch pipe 53A. Then, based on the received signal, the valve V provided in the middle of the branch pipe 53A is adjusted to adjust the amount of air C supplied to the burner 6A. Further, in the present embodiment, the valve V provided in the middle of the supply pipe 53 connected via the cable K3 can be adjusted by the detection signal from the sensor C1. Therefore, the amount of air C supplied to the combustion furnace 6 can be adjusted by the valve V and the valve V provided in the middle of the branch pipe 53A.
[0042]
The exhaust gas G3 generated by the combustion of the carbonization gas G1 is sent to the heat exchanger 7 via the exhaust pipe 54. Connecting pipes 55 and 56 connected to the supply pipe 53 of the air C are connected to the heat exchanger 7. The air C from the blower 61 is sent to the heat exchanger 7 via the connection pipe 55, and is heated by the heat energy of the exhaust gas G3 (recovery of heat energy). The heated air C is returned to the supply pipe 53 via the connection pipe 56. The degree to which the air C is heated (heat exchange) is performed by detecting the temperature of the air with a sensor C4 provided in the middle of the supply pipe 53 and adjusting the valve V based on the detected value. be able to.
[0043]
The exhaust gas G3 from which the thermal energy has been recovered is sent to a dust removing means of a type that removes dust by bringing a cleaning liquid into contact with the exhaust gas G3. Although the form of the dust removing means is not particularly limited, it is recommended that the dust removing means include the venturi scrubber 8 and the spray tower 9 of the present embodiment.
[0044]
In the dust removing means of the present embodiment, first, the exhaust gas G3 from which the thermal energy has been recovered is sent to the venturi scrubber 8 via the exhaust pipe 57, where the exhaust gas G3 is removed (washed). The exhaust gas G3 from which dust has been removed is sent to the spray tower 9 via the exhaust pipe 58, where the dust is removed again. The exhaust gas G3 from which dust has been removed again is exhausted to the atmosphere via a chimney 10 provided at the upper part of the spray tower 9.
[0045]
The water W as the cleaning liquid in the venturi scrubber 8 and the spray tower 9 has the following flow.
That is, the water W is injected and supplied into the spray tower 9 via the transport pipe 46. By this injection supply, the water W collected at the bottom of the spray tower 9 is once drawn out of the spray tower 9, and a part thereof is injected again into the spray tower 9 via the transfer pipe 59 </ b> A. A part is supplied to the venturi scrubber 8 via the transfer pipe 59B, and the remainder is discharged out of the system via the transfer pipe 59C. The amount of water W discharged to the outside of the system is determined by detecting the level (water level) of water W collected at the bottom of the spray tower 9 by a sensor C5 provided in the spray tower 9 and based on the detected value. This is performed by adjusting a valve V provided in the middle of the transfer pipe 59C.
[0046]
Since this treatment system and treatment equipment are excellent in operability, they can be operated for a large amount and for a long period of time, and the impact on the environment can be great. There will be none.
[0047]
By the way, in this embodiment, the woody biomass B is heated by supplying hot air into the outer cylinder 102A of the processing apparatus 1 as described above. The hot air still has heat energy even after being used for heating the woody biomass B. Therefore, this heat energy is further utilized. That is, the hot-air exhaust gas G2 is supplied to the chimney 10 via the exhaust pipe 81 and mixed with the exhaust gas G3. As a result, when passing through the venturi scrubber 8 and the spray tower 9, the exhaust gas G <b> 3 cooled by contact with the cleaning liquid water W (for example, the exhaust gas G <b> 3 which was about 220 to 590 ° C. is reduced to about 80 ° C.) Temperature) rises. Therefore, even if the exhaust gas G3 is discharged into the atmosphere from the chimney 10, no white smoke is generated.
[0048]
Regarding the above, in the present embodiment, prior to supplying the hot-air exhaust gas G2 to the chimney 10, the air A is mixed into the hot-air exhaust gas G2. This is because the hot-air exhaust gas G2 has a very high temperature of, for example, about 850 to 950 ° C., so that the temperature is lowered to protect equipment such as a blower. In the present embodiment, air of about 20 ° C. is mixed, and the temperature of the mixed gas G2 + A is set to about 400 ° C.
[0049]
In the present embodiment, the exhaust gas G3 is extracted from the lower part of the chimney 10 and returned to the intermediate part of the chimney 10 again through the blower 62 provided outside the chimney 10. The reason why the blower 62 is provided is that the exhaust gas G3 is dust-removed by passing through the venturi scrubber 8 and the spray tower 9, and the temperature is lowered to about 80 ° C., so that stable operation is possible. In addition, the reason why it is provided outside is from the viewpoint of easy protection and repair of the blower 62.
[0050]
In the operation of the present processing system and the present processing apparatus described above, a predetermined amount of woody biomass B is supplied into the carbonization processing vessel 101 of the processing apparatus 1, carbonized and activated for a predetermined time, and then subjected to natural cooling. Preferably, it is a formula operation. In particular, it is preferable that the time from the supply of the woody biomass B to the activation be 6 to 10 hours, particularly 8 hours. When the cycle is 6 to 10 hours, for example, when the woody biomass B is supplied at the start of the operation, the activation process is completed at the end of the operation. Therefore, there is an advantage that carbonization and activation requiring an operation to be monitored may be performed during working hours, and an advantage that activated carbon A is naturally cooled outside working hours and the load on the screw conveyor 4 is reduced. And This means that it is possible to manufacture activated carbon as a secondary business.
[0051]
According to the results of an operation experiment performed by the present inventors, the operation in a cycle of about 7.5 hours shown in FIG. 11 is a very excellent operation method from the viewpoint of improving work efficiency and reducing equipment burden. It turned out to be. Of course, the quality of the obtained activated carbon was excellent. Regarding the elapsed time, 0 to 1.5 hr is the operation of discharging the activated carbon for the previous time and the supply of woody biomass, 0.5 to 4 hr is the heating operation in the treatment apparatus, 4 to 5 hr is the carbonization operation, and 5 to 5 hr is the carbonization operation. 5.5 hr is a temperature raising operation in the processing apparatus, and 5.5 to 7.5 hr is an activation operation.
[0052]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a woody biomass processing apparatus suitable for actual operation is provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a processing system provided with a processing device of the present embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the processing apparatus of the present embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a front view of a discharge blade.
FIG. 4 is a side view of a discharge blade.
FIG. 5 is a development view of a discharge blade.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a discharge blade.
FIG. 7 is a side view of the screw blade.
FIG. 8 is a side view of the supply means.
FIG. 9 is a front view of a supply unit.
FIG. 10 is a rear view of the supply unit.
FIG. 11 is a graph showing operation test results.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Treatment apparatus, 2 ... Cutting device, 3 ... Conveyor, 4 ... Screw conveyor, 5 ... Sieving means, 6 ... Combustion furnace, 7 ... Heat exchanger, 8 ... Venturi scrubber, 9 ... Spray tower, 101 ... Carbonization processing Container, 102: heating means, 103: supply means, 104: discharge means, 105: diving charge blade, 106: screw blade, A: activated carbon, B: woody biomass, C: air, G1-3: gas, R ... Kerosene, T: carbide, W: water.

Claims (4)

A woody biomass treatment apparatus, comprising: a woody biomass carbonization treatment container; and a discharge unit configured to discharge an object to be treated in the carbonization treatment container to outside the carbonization treatment container.
A horizontal cylindrical shape rotatable around an axis having a central cylindrical portion and a narrow cylindrical portion having a diameter shorter than the diameter of the central cylindrical portion located at both ends of the central cylindrical portion. And a non-rotating exhaust container communicating with the thin tube portion is provided in contact with the periphery of the peripheral wall of the thin tube portion,
A wood outlet, wherein the outlet means is constituted by an outlet provided on a side surface of the thin tube portion, and a screw blade for conveying an object to be processed in the carbonization container to the outlet. Biomass processing equipment. A woody biomass carbonization treatment container, a heating device for heating the carbonization treatment container, and a woody biomass treatment device having a supply unit for supplying woody biomass into the carbonization treatment container,
The carbonization processing vessel is a horizontal cylindrical shape, and the heating means is configured by an outer cylinder provided around the peripheral wall of the carbonization processing vessel and a heat source supply means for supplying a heat source into the outer cylinder,
The apparatus for treating woody biomass, wherein the supply means is provided on a side surface of the carbonization treatment container so as to be freely inserted and removed. An apparatus for treating woody biomass, comprising: a woody biomass carbonization treatment container; and a heating means for heating the carbonization treatment container.
An outer cylinder provided around the peripheral wall of the carbonization processing container, and a heat source supply unit for supplying a heat source to the outer cylinder; And ◇
An apparatus for treating woody biomass, wherein a protruding member extending in the axial direction is attached to an inner wall of the carbonization treatment container. A woody biomass carbonization treatment container, and a woody biomass treatment device having activation means for applying steam to an object to be treated in the carbonization treatment container,
The carbonization processing container is a horizontal cylindrical shape rotatable around an axis,
And a wood-based material, wherein the activation means extends in the axial direction along the inner wall of the carbonization treatment container and has a plurality of holes formed in the peripheral wall in the axial direction. Biomass processing equipment.

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