CN110885692A - A continuous carbonization device and its working method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass carbonization, and particularly relates to a continuous carbonization device and a working method thereof. Wherein the continuous carbonization device respectively controls the furnace, the feeding and drying mechanism, the heating and sterilizing mechanism, the flue gas heat exchange mechanism and the cooling and dedusting mechanism to work through the control module so as to realize the continuous carbonization operation of the biomass.

Description

A continuous carbonization device and its working method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass carbonization, in particular to a continuous carbonization device and a working method thereof.

Background technique

In wood processing and garden waste, there are a large amount of biomass such as branches, bark, sawdust, wood shavings, etc. These biomass can generally be used as fuel, while some are directly thrown away. When used as a fuel, due to factors such as calorific value and moisture, it is easy to cause insufficient combustion to produce black smoke and pollute the atmosphere, while direct disposal will pollute and damage the environment.

Existing carbonization furnaces mainly carbonize biomass to form high-grade energy, which is used as fuel. However, due to unstable operation, the carbonization efficiency is not high, and the emission is not easy to meet the standard. At the same time, a large amount of wood gas (that is, flammable gas) will be produced during the carbonization process. Although it can be transported to the place that needs to be burned and used for heating, there are unsafe factors such as easy leakage, fire, gas explosion, etc., which is not in line with safe production. requirements.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a continuous carbonization device and a working method thereof. The carbonization furnace, the feed drying mechanism, the heating and disinfection mechanism, the flue gas heat exchange mechanism, and the cooling and dust removal mechanism are respectively controlled by the control module to work, so as to realize the biomass production. continuous carbonization operation.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a continuous carbonization device, comprising: a control module, a carbonization furnace controlled by the control module, a feed drying mechanism located at the feed end of the carbonization furnace, and a heating and disinfection mechanism located at the discharge end of the carbonization furnace , a flue gas heat exchange mechanism located at the smoke outlet of the carbonization furnace, and a cooling and dust removal mechanism connected to the flue gas heat exchange mechanism; wherein the control module is suitable for controlling the feed drying mechanism to continuously transport dry biomass into the carbonization furnace, and After being carbonized in the carbonization furnace, it is discharged to the heating and disinfection mechanism for heating and disinfection; the flue gas heat exchange mechanism is suitable for exchanging heat and cooling the high-temperature flue gas discharged during the carbonization process; and the cooling and dust removal mechanism is suitable for cooling the smoke. Gas for scrubbing and purification.

Further, the feed drying mechanism includes: a material dryer and a cyclone separation assembly located at the feed end of the carbonization furnace and connected in sequence; wherein the cyclone separation assembly includes: a cyclone separator connected to the material dryer, a cyclone separator located in the cyclone separator The induced draft fan at the top and the dry silo at the bottom of the cyclone separator; as well as the inlet end of the material dryer and the outlet end of the dry silo are equipped with corresponding screw conveyors for continuous biomass transportation.

Further, the screw conveyor includes: a conveying motor, a feeding trough, a feeding shaft located in the feeding trough, and several feeding assemblies arranged in sequence on the feeding shaft; wherein the feeding assembly includes: A pair of helical blades on the same vertical section; the adjacent included angle of the helical blades is 15-45°C; and two adjacent pairs of helical blades are located on the opposite sides of the feeding shaft respectively, and form a helical material with the feeding trough aisle.

Further, the carbonization furnace includes: a furnace body, a multi-stage air distribution module connected to the inside of the furnace body, a combustion chamber located at the upper part of the furnace body, a pyrolysis tank located at the lower part of the furnace body, and a high temperature stirrer located in the pyrolysis tank; The screw conveyor at the outlet end of the dry silo is suitable for extending into the furnace body and connecting with the pyrolysis tank to drain biomass into the pyrolysis tank; the air enters the furnace body through the multi-stage air distribution module, and The combustible gas in the furnace body is fully combusted in the combustion chamber to carbonize the biomass in the pyrolysis tank; and the high temperature stirrer is suitable for continuously stirring and outputting the biomass in the pyrolysis tank.

Further, the multi-stage air distribution module includes: several primary air distribution ports located on both sides of the pyrolysis tank, several secondary air distribution ports located in the middle of the combustion chamber, and several tertiary air distribution ports located in the upper part of the combustion chamber; The graded air outlets are respectively connected with the blower through corresponding air distribution pipes.

Further, the high-temperature agitator includes: a stirring motor, a stirring shaft located in the pyrolysis tank, several stirring assemblies located on the peripheral side of the stirring shaft, and a discharge blade located at the discharge end of the stirring shaft; wherein the stirring assembly includes: The four mounting plates on the same radial section of the stirring shaft and distributed in a cross shape, the scrapers on each mounting plate, and the connecting plates on each scraper; the stirring components are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the stirring shaft, and The phase difference between adjacent stirring assemblies is 45°; the two ends of the connecting plate are respectively connected with two axially adjacent scrapers to form a spiral; and the stirring motor is suitable for driving the stirring shaft to rotate, To agitate the pyrolyzed biomass and make it flow out along the discharge blade.

Further, the carbonization furnace further includes: a water spray module connected to the inside of the furnace body; the water spray module includes: a feeding trough respectively located at the outlet end of the dry silo, and several water spray ports on both sides of the combustion chamber; The nozzles are respectively connected with the furnace body water pump through corresponding water pipes.

Further, the flue gas heat exchange mechanism includes: a main heat exchanger connected to the smoke outlet of the carbonization furnace, and a circulating medium pump located on the main heat exchanger; the main heat exchanger is suitable for absorbing the heat of the high-temperature flue gas, for heating the heat transfer medium in the main heat exchanger; and the circulating medium pump is adapted to transport the heat transfer medium to the feed drying mechanism and the heating and sterilizing mechanism through the corresponding medium conduits, respectively, so as to be used for drying treatment or heating of biomass. Disinfection.

Further, the cooling and dust removal mechanism includes: a circulating water pump, a water bath dust collector connected to the flue gas heat exchange mechanism, and an exhaust fan located at the top of the water bath dust collector; wherein the circulating water pump is suitable for circulating washing into the water bath dust collector liquid to wash and purify the cooled flue gas; and the exhaust fan is suitable for discharging the purified flue gas.

Further, the heating and sterilizing mechanism includes: a heating sterilizing machine connected to the discharge end of the carbonization furnace; a screw conveyor is provided at the discharging end of the heating sterilizing machine to transport the sterilized biomass to the material outlet.

In another aspect, the present invention also provides a working method of a continuous carbonization device, comprising: a control module, a carbonization furnace, a feed drying mechanism, a heating and disinfection mechanism, and a flue gas heat exchange mechanism respectively connected to the corresponding output ends of the control module , a cooling and dust removal mechanism; wherein the control module is suitable for controlling the feed drying mechanism to continuously transport dry biomass into the carbonization furnace, and after being carbonized in the carbonization furnace, it is discharged to the heating and disinfection mechanism for heating and disinfection; the flue gas heat exchange mechanism The device is suitable for exchanging heat and cooling the high-temperature flue gas discharged during the carbonization process; and the cooling and dust removal mechanism is suitable for washing and purifying the cooled flue gas.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the continuous carbonization device and its working method of the present invention respectively control the furnace, the feed drying mechanism, the heating and disinfection mechanism, the flue gas heat exchange mechanism, and the cooling and dust removal mechanism to work through the control module, so as to realize the production Continuous carbonization of substances. It can not only ensure continuous carbonization operation, improve production efficiency, but also conduct heat exchange, cooling, washing and purification for the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the carbonization process to meet environmental protection requirements; at the same time, it can also make full use of high-temperature flue gas to exchange heat during the heat exchange and cooling process. The heat is used as the energy for drying treatment of biomass or heating for disinfection treatment, saving energy.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the continuous carbonization device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the principle block diagram of the continuous carbonization device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the front view of the carbonization furnace of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the A-A view in the front view of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the feeding shaft of the present invention;

Fig. 6a is the structural representation of the stirring shaft of the present invention;

Fig. 6b is the front view of the stirring shaft of the present invention;

Figure 6c is a right side view of the stirring shaft of the present invention;

In the picture:

Carbonization furnace 1, furnace body 11, feed end 111, discharge end 112, smoke outlet 113, temporary exhaust port 1131, normal discharge port 1132, air valve 1133, fire viewing port 114, high temperature sight glass 115, multi-level configuration Air module 12, primary air distribution port 121, secondary air distribution port 122, tertiary air distribution port 123, air distribution pipe 124, primary blower 1251, secondary blower 1252, combustion chamber 13, pyrolysis tank 14, high temperature stirrer 15, stirring Shaft 151, stirring assembly 152, phase difference β between adjacent stirring assemblies 152, mounting plate 1521, scraper 1522, connecting plate 1523, discharge blade 153, blade channel 1531, water spray module 16, preheating module 17, measuring Thermocouple 18;

Feed drying mechanism 2, material dryer 21, cyclone separation assembly 22, cyclone separator 221, induced draft fan 222, dry silo 223, screw conveyor 23, feeding chute 231, feeding shaft 232, feeding assembly 233, Helical blade 2331, the adjacent included angle α of the helical blade 2331;

Temperature-raising disinfection mechanism 3, heating-up disinfection machine 31, material outlet 32;

Flue gas heat exchange mechanism 4, main heat exchanger 41, circulating medium pump 42, medium conduit 43, auxiliary heat exchanger 44, medium storage tank 45;

Cooling and dust removal mechanism 5, circulating water pump 51, water bath dust collector 52, exhaust fan 53;

Carbon adsorption deodorization mechanism 6, carbon adsorption deodorizer 61.

Detailed ways

The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, and only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, so they only show the structures related to the present invention.

Example 1

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the continuous carbonization device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the principle block diagram of the continuous carbonization device of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , this embodiment 1 provides a continuous carbonization device, including: a control module, a carbonization furnace 1 controlled by the control module, and a feed drying mechanism 2 located at the feed end 111 of the carbonization furnace 1 , a heating and disinfection mechanism 3 located at the discharge end 112 of the carbonization furnace 1, a flue gas heat exchange mechanism 4 located at the smoke outlet 113 of the carbonization furnace 1, and a cooling and dust removal mechanism 5 connected to the flue gas heat exchange mechanism 4; wherein the control module It is suitable for controlling the feed drying mechanism 2 to continuously transport dry biomass into the carbonization furnace 1, and after being carbonized in the carbonization furnace 1, it is discharged to the heating and disinfection mechanism 3 for heating and disinfection; the flue gas heat exchange mechanism 4 is suitable for the carbonization process. The high-temperature flue gas discharged from the system is subjected to heat exchange and cooling; and the cooling and dust removal mechanism 5 is suitable for washing and purifying the cooled flue gas.

Optionally, the biomass includes but is not limited to sludge, branches, bark, sawdust, wood shavings and the like.

Optionally, the high-temperature parts of the carbonization furnace (such as furnace body, combustion chamber, etc.) are made of SUS310S stainless steel and refractory casting, and the furnace body, high-temperature flue gas pipeline, and heat exchanger parts are all provided with thermal insulation layers, Reducing the heat dissipation loss, on the one hand, can improve the thermal efficiency of the whole machine, and at the same time can play a role in thermal insulation protection.

Optionally, the control module, such as but not limited to a PLC programmable logic controller, can control related mechanisms (such as furnace, feed drying mechanism, heating and disinfection mechanism, flue gas heat exchange mechanism, cooling and dust removal mechanism, etc.) ) to work and automatically adjust according to relevant parameters, the degree of automation is very high, the quality of the output products is stable, and the safety and reliability of the equipment are very high.

As an optional embodiment of the feed drying mechanism.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the feed drying mechanism 2 includes: a material dryer 21 and a cyclone separation component 22 located at the feed end 111 of the carbonization furnace 1 and connected in sequence; wherein the cyclone separation component 22 includes: connected to the material dryer 21 The cyclone separator 221, the induced draft fan 222 at the top of the cyclone separator 221, and the dry silo 223 at the bottom of the cyclone separator 221; and the inlet end of the material dryer 21 and the outlet end of the dry silo 223 are provided with corresponding Screw conveyor 23 for continuous biomass transportation.

Optionally, the cyclone separator 221 is suitable for separating the gas and the solid material in the biomass, the gas is discharged from the outlet end of the induced draft fan 222, and the solid material (ie dry biomass) falls from the bottom of the cyclone separator to dry. The silo is used to transport to the carbonization furnace for pyrolysis carbonization.

The feed drying mechanism of this embodiment is used in combination with a material dryer and a cyclone separator to dry and separate biomass raw materials with relatively large moisture, so as to remove the moisture in the biomass and avoid insufficient combustion due to moisture factors. Pollution such as black smoke is produced. High-moisture biomass enters the carbonization furnace after drying. When the biomass is heated to a certain temperature, it begins to pyrolyze, and at the same time, it releases combustible gas and burns, which further increases the temperature in the combustion chamber and accelerates the pyrolysis of biomass. During the process, new biomass is continuously added, and the biochar formed after pyrolysis is continuously discharged, forming a continuous operation.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the feeding shaft of the present invention.

As an optional embodiment of the screw conveyor.

1 and 5, the screw conveyor 23 includes: a conveying motor, a feeding chute 231, a feeding shaft 232 located in the feeding chute 231, and a plurality of feeding assemblies disposed on the feeding shaft 232 in a sequence of staggered positions 233; wherein the conveying assembly 233 comprises: a pair of helical blades 2331 located on the same vertical section; the adjacent included angle α of the helical blades 2331 is 15-45°C, optionally 20°C, 30°C; The two adjacent pairs of helical blades 2331 are respectively located on the opposite sides of the feeding shaft 232, and form a helical material channel with the feeding chute 231. When the conveying motor drives the feeding shaft to rotate, the two adjacent feeding components take turns to be produced. material to drive the biomass to turn over and move forward in the material channel, so as to realize the conveying, stirring, cutting, mixing and other actions of the material.

Generally, the more the number of helical blades in the same conveying assembly, the smaller the angle value of the included angle α, and the more times the material is cut by the helical blades during the conveying process, the larger the particle size of the material will become smaller, especially It is a long strip of material, such as wood shavings, branches, bark, etc.

Optionally, the helical blade is fan-shaped.

The screw conveyor of this embodiment forms a spiral shape through several feeding components arranged on the feeding shaft in sequence, so that the material can be repeatedly turned and cut during the conveying process, and various biomass can be fully mixed and stirred to meet the requirements of The requirement of continuous conveying of biomass can also cut the long-striped biomass during the conveying process, which improves the mixing uniformity of various biomass and has the advantages of high conveying efficiency and uniform mixing.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the carbonization furnace of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a view A-A in the front view of the present invention.

Figure 6a is a schematic view of the structure of the stirring shaft of the present invention.

Figure 6b is a front view of the stirring shaft of the present invention.

Figure 6c is a right side view of the agitator shaft of the present invention.

As an optional embodiment of the carbonization furnace.

3 and 4 , the carbonization furnace 1 includes: a furnace body 11 , a multi-stage air distribution module 12 communicating with the interior of the furnace body 11 , a combustion chamber 13 located at the upper part of the furnace body 11 , and a pyrolysis tank located at the lower part of the furnace body 11 . 14 and the high-temperature stirrer 15 located in the pyrolysis tank 14; the screw conveyor 23 located at the outlet end of the dry silo 223, the feeding trough 231 thereof is suitable for extending to the inside of the furnace body 11, and is connected with the pyrolysis tank 14, so as to Biomass is drained in the pyrolysis tank 14; the air enters the furnace body 11 through the multi-stage air distribution module 12, and is fully combusted with the combustible gas in the furnace body 11 in the combustion chamber 13, so that the biomass in the pyrolysis tank 14 is fully burned. and the high temperature stirrer 15 is suitable for continuously stirring and outputting the biomass in the pyrolysis tank 14 .

Optionally, the combustible gas includes, but is not limited to, wood gas (such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen) generated during the carbonization process.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 4 , the feed end 111 of the furnace body 11 is provided with a fire observation port 114 for observing the combustion of the combustible gas. Under normal circumstances, when the carbon monoxide in the wood gas is fully burned, the flame is blue; when the carbon monoxide is not fully burned, the flame is orange, and air can be introduced into the furnace through the multi-stage air distribution module to make the carbon monoxide fully burned.

Optionally, see FIG. 3 , the discharge end 112 of the furnace body 1 is provided with a high-temperature sight glass 115 to observe the carbonization of biomass. Adjust the carbonization of biomass.

Optionally, see FIG. 3 , the multi-stage air distribution module 12 includes: a plurality of primary air distribution ports 121 located on both sides of the pyrolysis tank 14 , a plurality of secondary air distribution ports 122 located in the middle of the combustion chamber 13 , and a plurality of secondary air distribution ports 122 located in the combustion chamber. There are several three-stage air distribution ports 123 on the upper part of 13 ; wherein the air distribution ports at each level are respectively connected with the blower through corresponding air distribution pipes 124 . Specifically, the primary air distribution port 121 is independently connected to the primary blower 1251 to blow air to the pyrolysis tank to change the oxygen content in the pyrolysis tank. The secondary air blower 1252 is shared by the secondary air distribution port 122 and the tertiary air distribution port 123, which act together on the combustion chamber, which can change the oxygen content of each part of the combustion chamber, fully burn wood gas, and also change the carbonization efficiency of biomass. The primary air distribution and the secondary and tertiary air distribution are used to supplement oxygen, and the required air flow is adjusted by changing the rotational speed of the blowers at all levels, so that the combustible gas generated by biomass pyrolysis can be stably and fully burned, and all of them are concentrated in the combustion chamber. , There is no possibility of leaking flammable gas, which solves the unsafe factors such as leakage and gas explosion that the conventional carbonization furnace needs to discharge the combustible gas from the carbonization furnace or transport it to other places for combustion through pipelines. Adjustment, system stability and other advantages.

Optionally, see FIGS. 6a, 6b, and 6c, the high-temperature stirrer 15 includes: a stirring motor, a stirring shaft 151 located in the pyrolysis tank 14, a plurality of stirring components 152 located on the peripheral side of the stirring shaft 151, and The discharge blade 153 at the discharge end of the stirring shaft 152; wherein the stirring assembly 152 includes: four mounting plates 1521 on the same radial section of the stirring shaft 151 and distributed in a cross shape, and scrapers 1522 on each mounting plate 1521 and the connecting plate 1523 on each scraper 1522; each stirring assembly 152 is arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the stirring shaft 151, and the phase difference β between adjacent stirring assemblies 152 is 45°; The ends are respectively connected with two axially adjacent scrapers 1522 to form a spiral shape; and the stirring motor is adapted to drive the stirring shaft 151 to rotate to stir the pyrolyzed biomass and make it flow out along the discharge blade 153 . When the stirring motor drives the stirring shaft 152 to rotate, the scraper 1522 rotates together with the connecting plate 1523 to drive the high-temperature biomass in the carbonization furnace to tumble and flow toward the discharge end 112 to achieve the purpose of stirring and continuously conveying the high-temperature biomass.

Optionally, see Fig. 6b, the discharge blade 153 is a spiral blade with a blade channel 1531 inside; the inlet end of the blade channel 1531 is connected to the stirring assembly 152, so as to guide the high-temperature biomass tumbling from the stirring assembly to flow out of carbonization It can effectively prevent high-temperature biomass from clogging at the discharge port, and can also improve the sealing performance of the carbonization furnace, thereby ensuring the carbonization effect. In the present embodiment 1, the connection method of the stirring shaft, the mounting plate, the scraper, the connecting plate and other components may be, but not limited to, the installation by welding.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 4 , the carbonization furnace 1 further includes: a water spray module 16 that communicates with the inside of the furnace body 11 ; the water spray module 16 includes: a feeding trough 231 , a combustion chamber, respectively located at the outlet end of the dry silo 223 . 13 Several water jets on both sides; and each water jet is connected to the furnace body pump through corresponding water pipes, which can prevent the temperature from being too high, thereby affecting the life of the equipment and improving the safety of the equipment.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 4 , the carbonization furnace 1 further includes: a preheating module 17 located on the upper part of the furnace body 1 . The preheating module, such as but not limited to a diesel burner, preheats the biomass entering the carbonization furnace, which can increase the temperature before pyrolysis, thereby further improving the carbonization efficiency.

Optionally, the feed end 111 of the carbonization furnace 1, the bottom of the pyrolysis tank 14, and both sides of the combustion chamber 13 are equipped with temperature measuring thermocouples 18, so as to detect the temperature of each part in the carbonization furnace and realize automatic Controlled carbonization process.

In the carbonization furnace of this embodiment, the carbonization of the flame and biomass can be observed through the fire viewing port and the high-temperature sight glass, respectively, and then air is introduced into the furnace body through the multi-stage air distribution module to fully burn with the combustible gas in the furnace body. It can ensure that the biomass in the pyrolysis tank is fully carbonized, and can also burn a large amount of combustible gas generated in the process of biomass carbonization, which improves the carbonization efficiency, reduces gas emissions, and reduces pollution; The high-temperature stirrer in it can realize the continuous carbonization of biomass, which helps to ensure the sealing of the furnace body, and improves the carbonization effect and production efficiency.

As an optional embodiment of the flue gas heat exchange mechanism.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the flue gas heat exchange mechanism 4 includes: a main heat exchanger 41 connected to the flue outlet 113 of the carbonization furnace 1 , a circulating medium pump 42 located on the main heat exchanger 41 ; the main heat exchanger 41 is suitable for absorbing the heat of high temperature flue gas for heating the heat conducting medium in the main heat exchanger 41; and the circulating medium pump 42 is suitable for transporting the heat conducting medium to the feed drying mechanism 2, The heating and disinfection mechanism 3 (as shown by the flow direction of the arrow in Figure 1) is used for drying treatment or heating disinfection of biomass, which can make full use of the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas and improve the energy utilization rate.

Optionally, the heat transfer medium, such as but not limited to air, heat transfer oil, etc., is passed into the main heat exchanger 41 through the medium storage tank 45 .

Optionally, the upper part of the carbonization furnace is equipped with two smoke outlets 113, one of which is a temporary exhaust outlet 1131, and the other is a normal discharge outlet 1132 for high-temperature flue gas, and is connected to the flue gas heat exchange mechanism 4 through The air valve 1133 controls the free switching of the two smoke outlets.

Optionally, see FIG. 1 , the flue gas heat exchange mechanism 4 further includes a plurality of auxiliary heat exchangers 44 located on the medium conduit 43 to improve the heat absorption efficiency of the heat transfer medium.

As an optional implementation of the cooling and dust removal mechanism.

1, the cooling and dust removal mechanism 5 includes: a circulating water pump 51, a water bath dust collector 52 connected to the flue gas heat exchange mechanism 4, and an exhaust fan 53 located at the top of the water bath dust collector 52; wherein the circulating water pump 51 is suitable for The washing liquid is circulated into the water-bath dust collector 52 to wash and purify the cooled flue gas; and the exhaust fan 53 is suitable for discharging the purified flue gas.

The flue gas cooled by the heat exchanger enters the water bath dust collector for washing, and the purified flue gas is discharged through the exhaust fan, which conforms to the national emission standards; at the same time, the flue gas contains wood tar and wood vinegar, which is cooled by the water bath dust collector. After washing, it is mixed with washing liquid, and discharged and recycled after reaching a certain concentration in the water-bath dust collector.

As an optional implementation of the temperature-raising sterilization mechanism.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the temperature-raising and sterilizing mechanism 3 includes: a temperature-raising and sterilizing machine 31 connected to the discharge end 112 of the carbonization furnace 1; After being heated and sterilized, it is transported out from the material outlet 32 . Of course, for the sake of environmental protection, the carbon adsorption and deodorization mechanism 6 can also be connected to the air outlet of the heating and sterilizing machine 31 (the carbon adsorption deodorization mechanism 6 is similar in structure to the cooling and dust removal mechanism 5, and the difference lies in the difference between the water bath dust collector and the exhaust fan. A carbon adsorption deodorizer 61 is added to absorb and deodorize through activated carbon), and the flue gas generated during the heating and disinfection process of biomass is purified and dusted.

In addition, the continuous carbonization device carbonizes biomass to produce biochar, and biochar is a kind of charcoal used as a soil conditioner, which can help plants grow and can be used for agricultural purposes and carbon collection and storage. Using biochar can increase agricultural productivity by 20%, purify water and help reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, and can be mixed with other substances to make carbon-based compound fertilizers. According to different production processes, carbonization furnaces can also produce activated carbon . Organic wastes such as sludge and chicken manure can also be mixed with biomass and then carbonized to increase the content of trace elements in biochar, which has a wide range of applicability.

Example 2

Referring to Fig. 2, on the basis of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 provides a working method of a continuous carbonization device, including: a control module, a carbonization furnace, a feed drying mechanism, a carbonization furnace connected to the corresponding output end of the control module, A heating and disinfection mechanism, a flue gas heat exchange mechanism, and a cooling and dust removal mechanism; wherein the control module is adapted to control the feed drying mechanism to continuously transport the dried biomass into the carbonization furnace, and after being carbonized in the carbonization furnace, it is discharged to the heating and disinfection mechanism for heating Disinfection; the flue gas heat exchange mechanism is suitable for exchanging heat and cooling the high-temperature flue gas discharged in the carbonization process; and the cooling and dust removal mechanism is suitable for washing and purifying the cooled flue gas.

Optionally, the control module is, for example, but not limited to, an industrial control board or a PLC module, and the industrial control board can be a MYD-C7Z010/20 industrial control board, with an external human-computer interaction machine or controller, which can manually control the carbonization furnace, Feed drying mechanism, heating and disinfection mechanism, flue gas heat exchange mechanism, cooling and dust removal mechanism and other components work.

For the specific structure and implementation process of the carbonization furnace, please refer to the relevant discussion in Embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here.

To sum up, the continuous carbonization device and its working method control the furnace, the feed drying mechanism, the heating and disinfection mechanism, the flue gas heat exchange mechanism, and the cooling and dust removal mechanism through the control module respectively, so as to realize the continuous and automatic operation of biomass. Carbonization operation: Dry and separate biomass raw materials with large moisture through the material drying mechanism to remove the moisture in the biomass and avoid insufficient combustion due to moisture factors, resulting in black smoke and other pollution; through the carbonization furnace and its internal The multi-stage air distribution module, high temperature stirrer and water spray module realize continuous carbonization operation, which helps to ensure the sealing of the furnace body and the full combustion of combustible gas, and improves the carbonization effect and production efficiency; The high-temperature flue gas discharged in the process is subjected to heat exchange, cooling, washing and purification to meet the requirements of environmental protection. At the same time, the heat exchanged by the high-temperature flue gas in the process of heat exchange and cooling can be fully utilized as the drying treatment of the feed drying mechanism or the heating and disinfection mechanism. Therefore, the continuous carbonization device is a high-efficiency carbonization device with continuous automation, high carbonization rate, safety and reliability, low emission and full utilization of waste heat.

Taking the above ideal embodiments according to the present invention as inspiration, and through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents in the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (11)

1. A continuous carbonization device, characterized by comprising:

the device comprises a control module, a carbonization furnace controlled by the control module, a feeding drying mechanism positioned at the feeding end of the carbonization furnace, a heating disinfection mechanism positioned at the discharging end of the carbonization furnace, a flue gas heat exchange mechanism positioned at the smoke outlet of the carbonization furnace and a cooling dust removal mechanism connected with the flue gas heat exchange mechanism; wherein

The control module is suitable for controlling the feeding drying mechanism to continuously convey dried biomass into the carbonization furnace, and the biomass is discharged to the heating disinfection mechanism for heating disinfection after being carbonized by the carbonization furnace;

the flue gas heat exchange mechanism is suitable for carrying out heat exchange and cooling on high-temperature flue gas discharged in the carbonization process; and

the cooling and dedusting mechanism is suitable for washing and purifying the cooled flue gas.

2. The continuous carbonization apparatus according to claim 1,

the feed drying mechanism comprises: the material dryer and the cyclone separation component are positioned at the feed end of the carbonization furnace and are sequentially connected; wherein

The cyclonic separation assembly comprises: the material drying device comprises a cyclone separator connected with a material dryer, an induced draft fan positioned at the top of the cyclone separator and a dry material bin positioned at the bottom of the cyclone separator; and

the inlet end of the material drying machine and the outlet end of the dry material bin are respectively provided with a corresponding spiral conveyor for continuously conveying biomass.

3. The continuous carbonization apparatus according to claim 2,

the screw conveyor includes: the conveying device comprises a conveying motor, a conveying groove, a conveying shaft positioned in the conveying groove, and a plurality of conveying assemblies arranged on the conveying shaft in a staggered mode in sequence; wherein

Defeated material subassembly includes: a pair of helical blades located on the same vertical section; the adjacent included angle of the helical blades is 15-45 ℃; and

two adjacent pairs of helical blades are respectively positioned on the opposite sides of the material conveying shaft and form a helical material channel with the material conveying groove.

4. The continuous carbonization apparatus according to claim 2,

the carbonization furnace includes: the device comprises a furnace body, a multi-stage air distribution module communicated with the interior of the furnace body, a combustion chamber positioned at the upper part of the furnace body, a pyrolysis tank positioned at the lower part of the furnace body and a high-temperature stirrer positioned in the pyrolysis tank;

the conveying chute of the screw conveyor is suitable for extending towards the interior of the furnace body and is connected with the pyrolysis chute so as to guide the biomass to flow into the pyrolysis chute;

air enters the furnace body through the multistage air distribution module and is fully combusted with combustible gas in the furnace body in the combustion chamber, so that the biomass in the pyrolysis tank is carbonized; and

the high-temperature stirrer is suitable for continuously stirring and outputting the biomass in the pyrolysis tank.

5. Carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 4,

the multi-stage air distribution module comprises: the primary air distribution ports are positioned on two sides of the pyrolysis tank, the secondary air distribution ports are positioned in the middle of the combustion chamber, and the tertiary air distribution ports are positioned on the upper part of the combustion chamber; wherein

The air distribution ports of all stages are respectively connected with the air blower through corresponding air distribution pipes.

6. Carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 4,

the high temperature agitator includes: the stirring motor, a stirring shaft positioned in the pyrolysis tank, a plurality of stirring assemblies positioned on the peripheral side of the stirring shaft and a discharging blade positioned at the discharging end of the stirring shaft; wherein

The stirring subassembly includes: four mounting plates which are positioned on the same radial section of the stirring shaft and are distributed in a cross shape, scrapers positioned on the mounting plates and connecting plates positioned on the scrapers;

each stirring assembly is arranged along the axial direction of the stirring shaft in a staggered mode, and the phase difference between every two adjacent stirring assemblies is 45 degrees;

two ends of the connecting plate are respectively connected with two axially adjacent scrapers to form a spiral shape; and

the stirring motor is suitable for driving the stirring shaft to rotate so as to stir the pyrolyzed biomass and enable the pyrolyzed biomass to flow out along the discharging blades.

7. Carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 4,

the carbonization furnace further includes: the water spraying module is communicated with the interior of the furnace body;

the water spray module includes: the material conveying groove is positioned at the outlet end of the dry material bin, and the plurality of water spraying ports are positioned on two sides of the combustion chamber respectively; and

each water jet is respectively connected with the furnace body water pump through a corresponding water pipe.

8. The continuous carbonization apparatus according to claim 1,

the flue gas heat transfer mechanism includes: the main heat exchanger is connected with a smoke outlet of the carbonization furnace, and the circulating medium pump is positioned on the main heat exchanger;

the main heat exchanger is suitable for absorbing the heat of the high-temperature flue gas so as to heat a heat-conducting medium in the main heat exchanger; and

the circulating medium pump is suitable for conveying the heat-conducting medium to the feeding drying mechanism and the heating disinfection mechanism through corresponding medium guide pipes respectively so as to be used for drying treatment or heating disinfection treatment of the biomass.

9. The continuous carbonization apparatus according to claim 1,

the cooling dust removal mechanism includes: the circulating water pump, the water bath dust remover connected with the flue gas heat exchange mechanism and the exhaust fan positioned at the top of the water bath dust remover; wherein

The circulating water pump is suitable for circularly introducing washing liquid into the water bath dust collector so as to wash and purify the cooled flue gas; and

the exhaust fan is suitable for discharging the purified flue gas.

10. The continuous carbonization apparatus according to claim 1,

the heating and sterilizing mechanism comprises: a heating sterilizer connected with the discharge end of the carbonization furnace;

and a spiral conveyor is arranged at the discharge end of the heating sterilizer to convey the sterilized biomass to a material outlet.

11. A working method of a continuous carbonization device is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the control module is respectively connected with the carbonization furnace, the feeding drying mechanism, the heating and sterilizing mechanism, the smoke heat exchange mechanism and the cooling and dedusting mechanism which are respectively connected with the corresponding output ends of the control module; wherein

The control module is suitable for controlling the feeding drying mechanism to continuously convey dried biomass into the carbonization furnace, and the biomass is discharged to the heating disinfection mechanism for heating disinfection after being carbonized by the carbonization furnace;

the flue gas heat exchange mechanism is suitable for carrying out heat exchange and cooling on high-temperature flue gas discharged in the carbonization process; and

the cooling and dedusting mechanism is suitable for washing and purifying the cooled flue gas.

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