JP2010531381A - Carbonizing furnace for processing wood vinegar and method for producing wood vinegar using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a carbonization furnace for processing a wood vinegar and a method for producing a wood vinegar using the carbonization furnace for processing a wood vinegar. More specifically, since heat loss does not occur, the recovery rate of pyroligneous acid liquid is high, and the continuous work process that can be realized not only improves work efficiency but also dramatically prevents environmental pollution. It is related with the carbonization furnace for processing this wood vinegar which has the capability which can do. Using a chopper for crushing, the raw material is processed into an appropriate size, put into a sealed combustion chamber, and the raw material put into the combustion chamber is carbonized and dried using an ignition device such as a burner. After cooling and storing separately, by condensing the main component of the pyroligneous acid contained in the combustion gas generated during the carbonization process at low temperature, the pyroligneous acid is collected, The combustion gas is recombusted through the recombustion chamber so that the amount of incombustible volatile substances in the combustion gas discharged to the outside can be minimized, and at the same time, the combustion gas increases the temperature of the combustion chamber. The present invention relates to a wood vinegar liquid processing carbonization furnace that is recirculated to the combustion chamber so that it can rise, and a wood vinegar liquid production method that uses the wood nest liquid processing carbonization furnace.

Description

  The present invention relates to a carbonization furnace for processing a wood vinegar and a method for producing a wood vinegar using the carbonization furnace for processing a wood vinegar.

  More specifically, the present invention relates to a charcoal furnace for wood vinegar processing that can process wood carbide and wood vinegar liquid by introducing carbonization raw materials and the like, and a method for producing a wood vinegar liquid using the carbonization furnace for wood vinegar liquid processing. About.

  In general, carbides are produced from the combustion of various organic substances. That is, when the organic material is heated at a high temperature (800 to 850 ° C.) under oxygen-free or low-oxygen conditions, the organic material is chemically decomposed, and hydrogen, a hydrocarbon such as methane, Combustible gas part containing carbon oxide, etc., and liquid tar part or oil part containing organic compounds such as liquid acetic acid, acetone, methanol, and oil, and finally pure carbon As a result, it is classified into three groups of charcoal containing glass, metal, and earth and sand.

The remaining charcoal portion, excluding the combustible gas portion and either the liquid tar portion or the oil portion, is mainly composed of high carbon (C) carbide containing 70 to 80% carbon. Furthermore, it is composed of various non-combustible glasses, metal materials, and various other components such as earth and sand, which vary greatly depending on the type of organic matter.
Charcoal is a black carbonized film that carbonizes wood or wood, is reduced to about one third of the initial volume, and is conventionally obtained by scoring the cell membrane. The charcoal portion differs in pattern and constituent components depending on the carbonization temperature and the firing method (carbonization method). Charcoal is generally classified into white coal and black coal, and consists of carbon (about 85%), moisture (about 10%), ash (about 3%), and other components (2%). The

  Since charcoal such as wood carbide is mainly composed of carbon components, it has the property that it is not oxidized or decomposed by light or organisms. In particular, the ash contained in the charcoal at a level of about 3% is essential for the growth and fruiting of the plant and has a mineral component extracted from the ground by the plant. Ash has a determinant of PH of the wood carbide and supplies trace elements to animals and plants. Therefore, it is known that the ash has a great influence on the growth of microorganisms.

  When the wood carbide is observed with a microscope, innumerable thin pipe-like holes connected in all directions and having various sizes ranging from several microns to several hundred microns are observed. Due to the fine pores, the wood carbide has properties excellent in water retention and water permeability. Furthermore, the pores have a structure that is convenient for the growth and propagation of microorganisms such as bacteria and radioactive bacteria according to their sizes. As a result, the decomposition of organic matter has the property of being promoted by the microorganisms grown in the pores.

  Since the wood carbide has a large internal surface area, it has high adsorptivity and can well adsorb environmental pollutants that are hardly soluble in water, such as agricultural chemicals. Furthermore, when microorganisms are attached to the wood carbide, the wood carbide has properties that are beneficial for water or soil / air purification through a wide microbial membrane. Furthermore, since the wood carbide has moisture resistance, it is used in a wide variety of applications such as a humidity adjusting agent for preventing dew condensation occurring at the bottom of a base provided in a place such as a wooden building. With the recent widespread and generalization of household charcoal consumption in the Republic of Korea, the role of the wood carbide has become important as an environmentally friendly agricultural material.

  Wood vinegar obtained by liquefying and collecting the smoke generated during the manufacturing process of the above-mentioned wood carbide and aged for 6 months or more to remove toxicity and harmful substances is an alternative to agricultural chemicals in agriculture. In the livestock industry, it is used to remove malodor from manure or as livestock feed. Furthermore, when used as a raw material for dispensing pharmaceutical products, the wood vinegar solution is effective for skin diseases (mizumizu) and atopic dermatitis.

Furthermore, wood vinegar is also used as other applications such as horticulture, mushroom cultivation, health drinks, and deodorants.
On the other hand, the conventional apparatus for producing the wood carbide and the wood vinegar liquid generates a large amount of heat loss and cannot uniformly heat the raw material, resulting in a low recovery rate of the wood vinegar liquid. .
Furthermore, since the conventional manufacturing apparatus must be re-installed from the beginning every time the wood vinegar is collected, it is accompanied by the inconvenience of repeating disassembly and installation every time.

The present invention was invented in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the purpose thereof is a continuous work process that can be realized with a high recovery rate of pyroligneous acid solution because no heat loss occurs. Is to provide a new charcoal furnace for processing a pyroligneous acid solution that not only improves work efficiency but also can dramatically prevent environmental pollution. Therefore, the charcoal furnace for processing the wood vinegar liquid is charged with a raw material processed into an appropriate size by a chopper for crushing into a sealed combustion chamber, and the raw material input into the combustion chamber is used as a burner. After carbonizing and drying using an igniter such as the above, the dried material is cooled and stored separately, while the main component of pyroligneous acid contained in the combustion gas generated during the carbonization process is condensed at a low temperature The wood vinegar liquid is recovered and recombusted so that the emission of incombustible volatile substances in the combustion gas discharged to the outside through the recombustion chamber can be minimized, and at the same time, the temperature of the combustion chamber is set. The combustion gas is recirculated to the combustion chamber so as to increase.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a pyroligneous acid solution using the carbonizing furnace for processing the pyroligneous acid solution.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the above and other objects can be achieved by providing the following carbonization furnace for wood vinegar processing:
A raw material inlet 10 for charging raw material crushed by a chopper for crushing;
A transfer screw 15 for transferring the raw material charged through the raw material charging port 10;
A combustion chamber 20 provided with a carbonization space for carbonizing the transferred raw material using an ignition device 30;
A cooling screw 40 installed in a space away from the combustion chamber 20 and transferring the carbide for a predetermined time while rotating at a constant rotation speed so that the transferred carbide is cooled to a constant temperature;
A discharge pipe 41 connected to the cooling screw and discharging carbide;
A charcoal furnace for processing a vinegar solution having a cooling tower 50 for condensing a high specific gravity combustion gas discharged from the cooling screw 40 at a low temperature and extracting a vinegar solution.

  In an embodiment of the present invention, the charcoal furnace for processing the wood vinegar liquid forcibly collects and re-combusts the combustion gas that has not been condensed in the cooling tower 50 and simultaneously recirculates the high-temperature combustion gas to the combustion chamber 20. A recombustion chamber 60 is provided.

  In another aspect of the present invention, the method for producing a pyroligneous acid using the charcoal furnace for pyroligneous acid processing, the screw conveyor in a sealed state having a carbonization section, a drying section, a cooling section, and a transfer section is fixed. This is a method for producing a carbide and a wood vinegar solution by continuously transferring carbonizable raw materials while rotating at a rotation speed. In particular, in the method for producing a pyroligneous acid solution using the charcoal furnace for processing the pyroligneous acid solution, the raw material charged through the raw material charging port 10 is set to 10 to 500 rpm and 85 by the carbonizing screw 21 and the drying screw 25 in the combustion chamber 20. Carbonizing and drying under combustion conditions of ˜800 ° C .; cooling the carbide to a temperature of 30-50 ° C. with a cooling screw 40; discharging the cooled carbide and recycling And extracting the pyroligneous acid liquid by low-temperature condensing the combustion gas exhausted from the combustion chamber 20 at a low temperature in the cooling tower 50.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for producing a pyroligneous acid solution using the carbonization furnace for pyroligneous acid processing forcibly collects the combustion gas that has not been condensed from the cooling tower 50 and transfers it to the recombustion chamber 60. And simultaneously, recirculating the high-temperature combustion gas generated in the recombustion chamber 60 to the combustion chamber 20.

In the carbonization furnace for wood vinegar processing according to the present invention and the wood vinegar production method using the wood vinegar processing carbonization furnace, the same carbonization and drying operations are performed through the sealed combustion chamber and the recombustion chamber. carry out. Therefore, the charcoal furnace for wood vinegar liquid processing and the wood vinegar liquid manufacturing method using the wood vinegar liquid processing carbonization furnace do not generate heat loss, so that a high recovery rate of wood vinegar liquid is achieved, Since the efficiency is improved and the combustion gas is recombusted and recirculated, the environmental pollution can be greatly reduced.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the present invention is not limited to the scope of the present invention as claimed in the claims. It goes without saying that any person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can carry out various modifications, and such modifications are within the scope of the appended claims.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the carbonization furnace for pyroligneous acid processing concerning this invention. It is a side view which shows the combustion chamber of the carbonization furnace for pyroligneous acid processing concerning this invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state where a cooling screw is attached to the combustion chamber of FIG. 2.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a charcoal furnace for processing a vinegar liquid according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view showing a combustion chamber of a carbonization furnace for processing a vinegar liquid according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state where a cooling screw is attached to the combustion chamber of FIG. 2.
As shown in FIG. 1, using a chopper for crushing, a tree or a nut used as a raw material for extracting wood vinegar to an appropriate size (0.2 to 1 cm) The crushed raw material is charged through a raw material inlet 10 having a wide inlet.

  The raw material charged through the raw material charging port 10 is transferred to the combustion chamber 20 via a transfer screw 15 that is operated by driving a motor (not shown). The transfer screw 15 adjusts the input speed of the primary processed raw material based on the operating conditions of the combustion chamber 20 such as a constant rotation speed (10 to 500 rpm) and working temperature (85 to 800 ° C.). .

  The combustion chamber 20 is formed of a material having high heat resistance and has a sealed structure. In the longitudinal direction of the combustion chamber 20, a carbonizing screw 21 and a drying screw 25 are stacked in a multistage manner in parallel with the upper and lower portions of the combustion chamber 20. Since the oval sealing member 22 is sealed around the carbonization screw 21 and the drying screw 25, a double sealed structure is provided. In the process of transferring the raw material without generating heat loss while maintaining the set temperature by the combustion flame of an ignition device 30 such as a burner attached to one side of the combustion chamber 20, The carbonizing screw 21 and the drying screw 25 are constituted by a screw conveyor in which raw materials are carbonized and dried stepwise.

  The carbonizing screw 21 and the drying screw 25 are carbonized in the order of charging while the charged raw material rotates in a certain section via the screw conveyor, and do not come off the raw material while being carbonized while being transferred. Carbonization and drying work processing are performed by the method of drying the moisture condensed in this.

A power transmission device (not shown) for driving the carbonizing screw 21 and the drying screw 25 appropriately adjusts the rotation speed and temperature according to the length and outer diameter of the carbonizing screw 21 and the drying screw 25. It is set as follows. The conditions are intended to allow the carbide to burn completely while being transferred in the combustion chamber 20 for a certain period of time.
In order to proceed at the above rotational speed, the role of the power unit is very important. This is because an appropriate reduction ratio needs to be applied to the rotational power transmitted to the screw conveyor.

  More specifically, the carbonization screw 21 and the drying screw 25 stacked in parallel with each other at the upper and lower portions of the combustion chamber 20 are paired, and the rear end of the front transfer screw 15 is rearward. It extends to the transfer connecting pipe 23a and is fixed in the axial direction. The screw conveyor having stirring blades is formed along the length direction of the combustion chamber 20, and stirs the carbide so that moisture and gas of the carbide are easily discharged during the transfer process. The outer periphery of the screw conveyor is completely sealed with a metal cylindrical member so that the screw conveyor is completely shielded from outside air. Here, it is understood that the screw conveyor and the sealing member are hermetically sealed except for the entrance / exit while maintaining a certain distance.

As described above, the material introduced into the raw material inlet 10 is transferred while being carbonized at a constant rotational speed and temperature by the carbonization screw 21 formed in the upper part of the combustion chamber 20, It is transferred to the drying screw 25 via the transfer connecting pipe 23a.
Preferably, the transfer connecting pipe 23a is configured to connect the transfer path of the carbonizing screw 21 and the transfer path of the drying screw 25 to each other, and the transfer connecting pipe 23a is connected to the screw conveyor from the carbonizing screw 21. The carbide has a suitable diameter so that the carbide transferred by is smoothly transferred to the drying screw 25 without depositing.

As described above, the drying screw 25 is a device that dries the condensed water that has been carbonized and has not escaped from the transferred raw material during the carbonization process. The drying screw 25 transfers the carbide while rotating at the same rotational speed as the carbonizing screw 21.
The carbide transferred as described above is transferred to the cooling screw 40 and discharged through the discharge pipe 41. The cooling screw 40 is provided in a space away from the combustion chamber 20 in which the carbonizing screw 21 and the drying screw 25 are installed.
That is, the high-temperature carbide transferred by the drying screw 25 is not immediately discharged but transferred to the cooling screw 40 through another transfer connecting pipe 23b.

Here, the cooling screw 40 includes the screw conveyor in the same form as the carbonizing screw 21 and the drying screw 25.
The outer periphery of the screw conveyor is completely sealed with a metal cylindrical member so that the screw conveyor is completely shielded from outside air. Here, it is understood that the screw conveyor and the sealing member are hermetically sealed except for the entrance / exit while maintaining a certain distance.

  That is, the arrangement as described above makes it difficult to obtain good quality carbides when the discharged carbides continuously release high-temperature heat for a considerable period of time, and when extracting the carbides, Therefore, the cooling screw is intended to cool the carbide for a certain period of time while rotating at a constant rotation speed.

During the transfer of the carbide in the cooling screw 40, the high temperature carbide is cooled over time. The carbide is cooled to a temperature of 30-50 ° C.
In order to prevent the risk of fire, the carbonized and discharged carbonized as described above is stored in a separate storage device for at least 20 days under sealed conditions. The carbides stored in the storage device are reused as filter media and compost.

Thus, since the high specific gravity combustion gas separated as a gas is heavier than air, it flows into the cooling tower 50 along the transfer pipe 51 by a high-pressure blower (not shown). While being forced to blow, the carbide is stored in the storage device.
The combustion gas flowing into the cooling tower 50 performs low-temperature condensation of the main components of the wood vinegar liquid such as a volatile component and an oil and fat component that enable smooth extraction of the wood vinegar liquid.

In order to minimize the smoke discharged to the outside, the internal temperature of the cooling tower 50 is maintained below 35 ° C. In order to lower the temperature inside the cooling tower 50, the cooling system used as described above circulates cooling water in a reflux cooling system.
In the lower part of the cooling tower 50, a filtration device 55 is provided for primary filtration of the pyroligneous acid solution condensed and extracted in order to provide a highly pure pyroligneous acid solution.

When the wood vinegar that has passed through the filtering device 55 is discharged through the discharge pipe 41, the wood vinegar is stored at a low temperature of 2 to 4 ° C for 3 weeks to 1 year. Therefore, the pure pyroligneous acid liquid which removes impurities and is separated into layers based on the specific gravity difference is stored.
On the other hand, since the combustion gas that has flowed in through the cooling tower 50 contains a non-combustible volatile substance that induces a large amount of environmental pollution, the combustion gas that has not been condensed is forced from the cooling tower 50. Are collected and transferred to the recombustion chamber 60.

  As described above, the combustion gas transferred to the recombustion chamber 60 is recombusted in the recombustion chamber 60 by a combustion device (not shown). As a result, the non-burning volatile substances in the combustion gas are completely oxidized, and only pure smoke is discharged through the discharge pipe 62. Therefore, environmental pollution that may occur can be fundamentally prevented.

  At the same time, due to the structure for recirculating the high-temperature combustion gas generated from the recombustion chamber 60 to the recombustion chamber 20 via the recirculation pipe 61, the carbide in the combustion chamber 20 is Carbonized at a temperature higher than the initial temperature. Accordingly, the temperature of the recombustion chamber 60 increases. Therefore, a high quality pyroligneous acid liquid can be extracted by discharging | emitting after the said carbide | carbonized_material passes through the uniform carbonization process.

That is, if the combustion chamber 20 is supplied with heat necessary for the initial heat generation, no further heat is required thereafter. Further, since the temperature of the combustion chamber rises due to the heat of the high-temperature combustion gas supplied from the re-combustion chamber 60, the carbonization of the carbide is performed at a high temperature as described above.
As a result, the carbonization furnace for processing wood vinegar according to the present invention contributes to fuel consumption reduction.

10: Raw material inlet 15: Transfer screw 20: Combustion chamber 21: Carbonizing screw 22: Sealing members 23a, 23b: Transfer connecting pipe 25: Drying screw 30: Ignition device 40: Cooling screw 41: Discharge pipe 50: Cooling tower 51: Transfer pipe 55: Filtration device 60: Recombustion chamber 61: Recirculation pipe 62: Smoke discharge pipe

Claims (6)

A raw material inlet 10 for charging the raw material crushed by a chopper;
A transfer screw 15 for transferring the raw material charged through the raw material charging port 10;
A combustion chamber 20 for providing a carbonization space for carbonizing the raw material transferred by the transfer screw 15 using an ignition device 30;
The cooling screw 40 for transferring the carbide for a predetermined time while rotating at a constant rotational speed so that the transferred carbide installed in a space away from the combustion chamber 20 is cooled to a constant temperature; ;
A discharge pipe 41 connected to the cooling screw 40 for discharging the carbide;
A charcoal furnace for processing a vinegar liquid, comprising: a cooling tower 50 for condensing the high specific gravity combustion gas discharged from the cooling screw 40 at a low temperature and extracting a vinegar liquid.   The re-combustion chamber 60 for forcibly collecting the non-condensed combustion gas discharged from the cooling tower 50 to the combustion chamber 20 and re-combusting it, and simultaneously recirculating the high-temperature combustion gas. Carbonization furnace for wood vinegar processing. The combustion chamber 20 formed of a highly heat-resistant material and sealed, and
The combustion chamber 20 is carbonized so that the raw material is carbonized in the order in which it is charged while being rotated in a certain section by a screw conveyor, and is condensed without drying out from the raw material while being carbonized while being transferred. A carbonizing screw 21 and a drying screw 25 arranged in the length direction above and below,
The carbonization furnace for wood vinegar liquor processing according to claim 1, further comprising an elliptical sealing member 22 that seals the periphery of the carbonizing screw 21 and the drying screw 25 to form a double sealed structure.   The carbonization furnace for wood vinegar processing according to claim 1, wherein a filtration device 55 for performing primary filtration of the wood vinegar for producing high purity wood vinegar is provided at a lower portion of the cooling tower 50. Carbide and pyroligneous acid solution are rotated at a constant rotation speed, arranged in a sealed state, and continuously formed of carbonizable raw materials by a screw conveyor constituted by a carbonization section, a drying section, a cooling section, and a transfer section. A method for producing a vinegar solution using a carbonization furnace for processing a vinegar solution produced by transfer,
A step of carbonizing and drying a raw material charged through the raw material charging port 10 by a carbonizing screw 21 and a drying screw 25 in the combustion chamber 20 under combustion conditions of 10 to 500 rpm and 85 to 800 ° C .; ;
Cooling the carbide to a temperature of 30-50 ° C. with a cooling screw 40;
Discharging and cooling the cooled carbide;
A method for producing a pyroligneous acid solution using a carbonizing furnace for pyroligneous acid processing, comprising: condensing combustion gas forcedly discharged from the combustion chamber 20 at a low temperature in a cooling tower 50 and extracting the pyroligneous acid solution. Furthermore, forcibly collecting the combustion gas not condensed from the cooling tower 50 and transferring it to the recombustion chamber 60;
At the same time, the method includes the step of recirculating the high-temperature combustion gas transferred as a result from the recombustion chamber 60 to the combustion chamber 20. .

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