JP2004209365A - Apparatus and method for recovering glass - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus and a method for separation recovery of high purity glass simply and at a low cost from laminated glass and composite glass. <P>SOLUTION: The glass-recovery apparatus 10 includes a conveyor 110 placed horizontally on the upper surface, a roller part 120, and a roller part 140. The roller part 120 is provided with a pair of rollers 121, 122. The roller part 121 is rotatably borne, and rotated by a drive means 125. The roller 122 is borne rotatably and movably in the vertical direction, and is rotated by a drive means 126 in the reverse direction of rotation to the roller 121. The roller part 140 is provided with a pair of rollers 141, 142. The roller 141 is borne rotatably and rotated by a drive means 145. The roller 142 is borne rotatably in the vertical direction, and is rotated by a drive means 146 in the reverse direction of rotation to the roller 141. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a glass recovery apparatus and method, and more particularly to a glass recovery apparatus and method for separating and recovering glass from composite glass or composite glass.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, as part of global environmental protection, the recycling of discarded products has been called for, and companies are actively studying and implementing such reuse of discarded resources.
[0003]
Even in vehicles and buildings such as automobiles, composite glass such as laminated glass composed of two types of materials, glass and resin, which cover the opening of vehicles such as scrapped vehicles and buildings to be demolished. Glass is regenerated by separating and recovering only glass from a composite glass such as a double-layered glass (hereinafter, referred to as “composite glass or the like”) composed of three types of materials: glass, resin, and metal.
[0004]
As a method for separating glass, metal, and resin (impurities) from conventional composite glass and the like, first, a composite glass or the like is pulverized by a pulverizer, and then the specific gravity of the pulverized composite glass or the like is selected. Is common. Specific gravity sorting is an air separation method in which crushed composite glass or the like is supplied to an airflow, and the crushed composite glass or the like is separated by using a difference in a blow-up height or a blow-off distance due to a difference in specific gravity of the crushed composite glass or the like. A heavy liquid sorting method in which glass or the like is supplied into a liquid and then separated by floating and settling has been put to practical use.
[0005]
As a method of separating glass, metal, and resin from conventional double-glazed glass, the periphery of the double-glazed glass composed of glass, metal spacers such as aluminum, and a resin seal is treated with a hammer crusher (impact compression crusher). There is a method in which a glass material having impurities of 1% or less can be obtained by crushing and classifying the crushed double glazing into crushed products having a certain particle size or less.
[0006]
Further, as an apparatus or method for separating glass and contaminants from a composite glass or the like, a laminated glass is cooled to −10 ° C. or less to reduce the adhesive strength of a synthetic resin film, and then an impact is applied to the laminated glass to apply the glass to the laminated glass. And a separation method for separating and taking out from the synthetic resin membrane at the same time as crushing (see, for example, Patent Document 1), heating the laminated glass to soften the intermediate film, separating the glass separately, and then, if necessary, A glass recovery method of immersing the interlayer in water by immersing it in warm water to reduce the adhesive strength of the interlayer and then removing the interlayer from the glass (for example, see Patent Literature 2). A separation method (for example, refer to Patent Document 3) in which the interlayer film is hydrated from the cracks to reduce the adhesive force between the interlayer film and the glass, and the glass and the interlayer film are separated to take out the glass. After turning the glass into small pieces of a predetermined size, the small pieces are put into a peeling tank with an air vortex function, and the laminated glass is separated into glass pieces and an intermediate film by the air vortex to collect only the glass pieces. (See, for example, Patent Document 4), the laminated safety glass is left in a hot air drying oven at about 350 ° C. for about 2 hours and heated to uniformly melt and burn the polyvinyl butyral intermediate film. A separation and recovery method of manually pulling and separating two glass plates (see, for example, Patent Document 5), heating the laminated glass to a temperature lower than the glass softening temperature in a heating furnace to soften the interlayer, and then removing the interlayer There is a recovery method (for example, refer to Patent Document 6) in which the interlayer film is melted and cut while the laminated glass is moved right and left while being pressed against the stretched heating wire.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 06-219793 A [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 06-247751 [Patent Document 3]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 06-247752 [Patent Document 4]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 06-316446 [Patent Document 5]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 04-349152 [Patent Document 6]
JP-A-06-345499
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the air separation, when the composite glass or the like is crushed into powder, the difference in specific gravity is small because the weight difference per one piece of the crushed composite glass or the like is small, so that glass, metal, and resin cannot be accurately separated. In the heavy liquid sorting, the glass and the metal sink in the liquid, so that the glass and the metal cannot be separated. Conventionally, the resin and the metal cannot be completely separated from the pulverized glass. ) Is mixed, when the glass is melted, the resin reduces Fe ₂ O ₃ to FeO to give an amber color, and Al is replaced by Si, resulting in black particle defects. Heating, cooling, and immersion treatment can change the adhesive strength of the adhesive and thus can separate the resin, but the metal does not change its properties and cannot be separated, so it is suitable for composite glass such as laminated glass. It is not suitable for lath and consumes a lot of processing energy, and high-temperature processing with a hot-air drying oven cannot be easily performed because a special heating device and a special separation device are required for high-temperature processing. In addition, a large amount of processing energy is consumed for heating, and furthermore, a recovery processing of gasified organic matter is required.
[0009]
An object of the present invention is to provide a glass recovery apparatus and a method capable of easily separating and recovering high-purity glass at low cost from composite glass and composite glass.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the glass recovery apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a roller unit having a pair of rollers, wherein the pair of rollers has a nip portion. Wherein the glass of the glass product is crushed.
[0011]
According to the collecting device of the first aspect, the pair of rollers of the roller unit compresses the glass product by the nip portion, so that the metal and the resin that are difficult to pulverize due to the extensibility characteristic are not pulverized, and the brittleness is reduced. Only glass that is easy to pulverize due to its characteristics can be pulverized, so that high-purity glass can be separated and recovered, and in addition, a heat treatment device for heating, cooling, and drying can be eliminated, Thus, the structure of the recovery device can be simplified, and the energy consumption can be reduced.
[0012]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the recovery apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the pair of rollers are disposed so as to face each other in a vertical direction.
[0013]
According to the collecting device of the second aspect, since the pair of rollers oppose each other in the vertical direction, only the glass can be easily crushed.
[0014]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the collection device according to the second aspect, wherein a plurality of the roller units are arranged in a horizontal direction.
[0015]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the plurality of rollers are arranged in the horizontal direction, only the glass can be easily crushed.
[0016]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the collecting device according to the first aspect, wherein the pair of rollers are disposed so as to face each other in the horizontal direction.
[0017]
According to the recovery device of the fourth aspect, since the pair of rollers are opposed to each other in the horizontal direction, only the glass can be more easily crushed.
[0018]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the recovery apparatus according to the fourth aspect, wherein the plurality of the roller units are arranged in a vertical direction.
[0019]
According to the collection device of the fifth aspect, since the plurality of rollers are arranged in the vertical direction, only the glass can be easily crushed.
[0020]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the collecting apparatus according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the pair of rollers are rotated in directions different from each other.
[0021]
According to the collecting device of the sixth aspect, the pair of rollers are rotated in directions different from each other, so that only the glass can be more easily crushed.
[0022]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the recovery device according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, one of the pair of rollers is urged toward the other of the pair of rollers. I do.
[0023]
According to the collecting device of the present invention, since one of the pair of rollers is urged toward the other of the pair of rollers, the interval between the nip portions can be changed, thereby preventing the nip portion from being clogged with glass. can do.
[0024]
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the collecting apparatus according to the seventh aspect, both of the pair of rollers are urged in directions approaching each other.
[0025]
According to the collecting device of the eighth aspect, since both of the pair of rollers are urged in the direction approaching each other, it is possible to reliably prevent the glass product from clogging the nip portion.
[0026]
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the recovery device according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, wherein a gap between the nip portions of the pair of rollers is 0.2 to 30 mm.
[0027]
According to the collecting device of the ninth aspect, since the interval between the nip portions of the pair of rollers is 0.2 to 30 mm, it is possible to prevent the nip portion from being clogged with the glass product and to reduce the glass from the glass product. Separation efficiency can be improved.
[0028]
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the recovery apparatus according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, wherein the glass product is a multi-layer glass.
[0029]
A glass recovery method according to claim 11 is the glass recovery method for separating and recovering glass from a glass product, wherein the glass of the glass product is crushed while the glass product is transported in a predetermined direction.
[0030]
According to the recovery method of claim 11, the glass of the glass product is crushed while the glass product is conveyed in a predetermined direction. Only glass that is easily crushed due to its properties can be crushed, so that high-purity glass can be separated and recovered, and in addition, heat treatment for heating, cooling, and drying can be eliminated, and The process of the recovery method can be simplified and reduced in cost.
[0031]
According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the collection method of the eleventh aspect, the predetermined direction is a horizontal direction.
[0032]
According to the collection method of the twelfth aspect, since the glass product is transported in the horizontal direction, only the glass can be easily crushed.
[0033]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a glass recovery apparatus and method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0034]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a glass recovery apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0035]
In FIG. 1, a glass recovery apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention separates and recovers only glass from a multi-layer glass 11 made of glass, aluminum spacers, and resin.
[0036]
The glass recovery apparatus 10 includes a box-shaped main body 100 having a horizontal opening 101 on the upper surface and a pair of side plates 102 on the side above the opening 101, and is further arranged in the opening 101 in order. It includes a conveyor unit 110, a roller unit 120, a guide roller unit 130, a roller unit 140, and a guide roller unit 150.
[0037]
The conveyor 110 is horizontally arranged at equal intervals, a plurality of rollers 111 rotatably supported by the main body 100, a belt 112 wrapped around the rollers 111, and driving means such as a motor (not shown) for rotating the rollers 111. And a pair of plate-like guides 113 disposed on both sides of the belt 112 and guiding the conveyed double-glazed glass 11 to the roller unit 120. The driving unit of the roller 111 rotates the roller 111 in a direction in which the belt 112 conveys the double-glazed glass 11 toward the roller unit 120.
[0038]
The roller portion 120 is disposed so that the nip portion is at the same height as the belt 112 of the conveyor 110 and is opposed to the vertical direction, and a pair of rollers 121 and 122 having a diameter of 260 mm and a peripheral surface of the roller 121. And a plate-like scraper 123 disposed near the peripheral surface of the roller 121 and scraping off the crushed glass adhered to the peripheral surface of the roller 121. And a plate-shaped scraper 124 for scraping the glass. The scraper 123 is inclined in the rotation direction of the roller 121 with respect to the peripheral surface of the roller 121. The same applies to the scraper 124.
[0039]
The roller 121 is rotatably supported by the main body 100, and is rotated in the same direction as the roller 111 of the conveyor unit 110 by driving means 125 such as a motor. The roller 122 is supported on the side plate 102 of the main body 100 so as to be rotatable and movable in the vertical direction, and is rotated in a direction opposite to the roller 121 by a driving unit 126 such as a motor. The roller 122 is vertically urged by an elastic body such as a spring (not shown), and a stopper (not shown) is provided on the side plate 102 of the main body 100 such that the minimum value of the gap between the nip portions of the rollers 121 and 122 is 5 mm. Is provided.
[0040]
The guide roller unit 130 is arranged at equal intervals horizontally and at the same height as the belt 112 of the conveyor 110 unit, and is disposed on both sides of the plurality of rollers 131 rotatably supported by the main body 100. And a pair of plate-like guides 132 for guiding the multi-layer glass 11 to be conveyed to the roller section 140.
[0041]
The roller portion 140 is disposed such that the nip portion is at the same height as the roller 131 of the guide roller portion 130 and is opposed to the vertical direction, and a pair of rollers 141 and 142 having a diameter of 260 mm, A plate-shaped scraper 143 disposed near the peripheral surface and scraping the crushed glass adhered to the peripheral surface of the roller 141, and a crushed particle disposed near the peripheral surface of the roller 142 and adhered to the peripheral surface of the roller 142 And a plate-shaped scraper 144 for scraping the cut glass. The scraper 143 is inclined in the rotation direction of the roller 141 with respect to the peripheral surface of the roller 141. The same applies to the scraper 124.
[0042]
The roller 141 is rotatably supported by the main body 100, and is rotated in the same direction as the roller 121 by a driving unit 145 such as a motor. The roller 142 is rotatably and vertically movable on the side plate 102 of the main body 100, and is rotated in a direction opposite to the roller 141 by a driving unit 146 such as a motor. Further, the roller 142 is urged vertically downward by an elastic body such as a spring (not shown), and is not shown on the side plate 102 of the main body 100 such that the minimum value of the interval between the nip portions of the rollers 141 and 142 is 5 mm. A stopper is provided.
[0043]
The guide roller unit 150 is composed of a plurality of rollers 151 rotatably supported by the main body 100 so as to be at the same height as the rollers 131 of the guide roller unit 130 and arranged horizontally at equal intervals.
[0044]
Next, the operation of the glass recovery apparatus of FIG. 1 will be described.
[0045]
The double-glazed glass 11 placed on the belt 112 of the conveyor unit 110 is transported to the roller unit 120, and the double-glazed glass 11 is separated from the roller unit 120 by a nip portion of rollers 121 and 122 rotating in opposite directions. And is compressed by the pressure between the rollers 121 and 122. Since glass is a brittle material, it is easily crushed by compression, and metal and resin are difficult to be crushed by compression due to the presence of an extensible material. Therefore, only the glass of the double glazing 11 compressed by the rollers 121 and 122 is crushed. The crushed glass is collected by the scrapers 123 and 124 and collected inside the main body 100. However, glass still remains in the double-glazed glass 11 compressed in the roller unit 120.
[0046]
The double glazing 11 compressed in the roller unit 120 is transported to the roller unit 140 via the guide roller unit 130. The conveyed double-glazed glass 11 is caught in the nip portion of the rollers 141 and 142 rotating in opposite directions in the roller portion 140, and is compressed by the pressure between the rollers 141 and 142 to crush only the glass. . The crushed glass is collected by the scrapers 143 and 144 and collected inside the main body 100.
[0047]
The double-glazed glass 11 compressed by the roller unit 140 is carried out to the guide roller unit 150 by the rollers 141 and 142, is conveyed by the guide roller 150, and a series of operations of the glass recovery device 10 is completed.
[0048]
When the double glazing 11 is engaged in the rollers 121, 122 and the nips of the rollers 141, 142, the rollers 122, 142 are urged vertically downward by the elastic body. , And the interval between the nip portions of the rollers 141 and 142 can be changed according to the thickness and brittleness of the object that is caught in the nip portion. The interval between the nip portions of the rollers 121 and 122 and the rollers 141 and 142 is It is possible to prevent the double glazing 11 to be clogged.
[0049]
The double-glazed glass 11 compressed and carried out by the roller unit 140 becomes an aluminum spacer, a resin, and glass slightly adhered to the aluminum spacer and the resin.
[0050]
According to the glass recovery apparatus 10 of FIG. 1, by the compression of the roller parts 120 and 140, the metal and the resin which are hard to be crushed due to the extensibility characteristic are not crushed but are crushed due to the brittle characteristic. Since only the easy glass is crushed and the crushed glass fragments are accumulated in the main body 100, high-purity glass can be separated and collected from the multilayer glass 11.
[0051]
According to the glass recovery apparatus 10 of FIG. 1, since the roller sections 120 and 140 pulverize the multi-layer glass 11 by compression to separate and recover the glass, a heat treatment apparatus for heating, cooling, drying and the like is not required. In addition, the structure of the glass recovery apparatus 10 can be simplified, energy consumption can be reduced, and the glass separation and recovery process can be simplified and reduced in cost.
[0052]
In the glass recovery apparatus 10 of FIG. 1, the rollers 122 and 142 are urged vertically downward by an elastic body. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The rollers 122 and 142 rotate without being urged by the elastic body. The rollers 121 and 141 may be freely supported by the side plate 102 of the main body 100. The rollers 121 and 141 are also urged vertically upward by an elastic body by the same configuration as the rollers 122 and 142, and are rotatable and movable in the vertical direction. May be supported by the main body 100, or only the rollers 121 and 141 may be supported by the main body 100 so as to be rotatable and vertically movable by being urged by the elastic body as described above. .
[0053]
In the glass recovery apparatus 10 of FIG. 1, the multi-layer glass 11 is compressed to pulverize the glass. However, the multi-layer glass 11 has no impurities at its central portion except for the peripheral portion of 10 to 100 mm. Since the glass is pure glass, only the peripheral part excluding the central part may be crushed. In this case, the efficiency of separating and recovering the glass increases. Further, a glass product other than the multi-layer glass 11 may be compressed to crush the glass, and the glass may be separated and collected.
[0054]
In the glass recovery apparatus 10 of FIG. 1, the minimum distance between the nip portions of the pair of rollers 121 and 122 and the pair of rollers 141 and 142 is set to 5 mm, but is not limited thereto. If the interval is smaller than 0.2 mm, the double-glazed glass 11 is less likely to be entangled. If the interval is larger than 10 mm, the size of the crushed glass particles increases, and the adhesion area between the resin and the aluminum spacer increases. Is preferably 0.2 mm to 10 mm, since it is difficult to separate them from each other.
[0055]
In the glass recovery apparatus 10 of FIG. 1, the diameter of each of the pair of rollers 121 and 122 and the pair of rollers 141 and 142 is 260 mm, but is not limited thereto. However, the larger the diameter of the rollers 121, 122, 141, and 142, the higher the biting ability of the pair of rollers 121, 122 and the pair of 141, 142, and if the diameter is smaller than 100 mm, the rollers 121, 122 , 141, and 142 are light in weight, and this grinding efficiency is reduced.
[0056]
In the glass recovery apparatus 10 of FIG. 1, the material of the rollers 121, 122, 141, and 142 is not limited, but the material is preferably an SS material, and more preferably a magnetic material capable of providing an iron removing effect. A material having high hardness is also more preferable. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent abrasion powder (metal) generated by abrasion of the rollers 121, 122, 141, and 142 from being mixed into the crushed glass.
[0057]
In the glass recovery apparatus 10 of FIG. 1, the feed speed of the double glazing 11 is not particularly limited, but the feed speed is preferably 1 m / min or more from the viewpoint of work efficiency and work safety.
[0058]
In the glass recovery apparatus 10 of FIG. 1, the double glazing 11 is not limited to the above-described configuration, and the glass product compressed in the recovery apparatus 10 is not limited to the double glazing. Composite glass or single-pane glass may be used.
[0059]
In the glass recovery apparatus 10 of FIG. 1, the two-stage roller structure of the roller units 120 and 140 is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a roller unit having the same configuration as the roller unit 120 or 140 is added to form a multi-stage roller. It may have a structure.
[0060]
In the glass recovery apparatus 10 of FIG. 1, a pair of rollers 121 and 122 in a roller unit 120 and a pair of rollers 141 and 142 in a roller unit 140 are disposed so as to vertically oppose each other. Is moved in the horizontal direction. A roller having the same structure as the roller unit 120 or 140 is disposed so that the pair of rollers 121 and 122 and the pair of rollers 141 and 142 are opposed to each other in the horizontal direction. Alternatively, the multilayer glass 11 may be moved in the vertical direction.
[0061]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, according to the recovery device of claim 1, since the pair of rollers of the roller unit compresses the glass product by the nip portion, the metal and the resin are hard to be crushed due to the extensibility characteristic. Can be crushed without crushing, it can crush only glass that is easy to be crushed due to brittle properties, so that high purity glass can be separated and recovered, and in addition, a heat treatment apparatus for heating, cooling, drying, etc. Can be dispensed with, the structure of the recovery device can be simplified, and the energy consumption can be reduced.
[0062]
According to the collecting device of the second aspect, since the pair of rollers oppose each other in the vertical direction, only the glass can be easily crushed.
[0063]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the plurality of rollers are arranged in the horizontal direction, only the glass can be easily crushed.
[0064]
According to the recovery device of the fourth aspect, since the pair of rollers are opposed to each other in the horizontal direction, only the glass can be more easily crushed.
[0065]
According to the collection device of the fifth aspect, since the plurality of rollers are arranged in the vertical direction, only the glass can be easily crushed.
[0066]
According to the collecting device of the sixth aspect, the pair of rollers are rotated in directions different from each other, so that only the glass can be more easily crushed.
[0067]
According to the collecting device of the present invention, since one of the pair of rollers is urged toward the other of the pair of rollers, the interval between the nip portions can be changed, thereby preventing the nip portion from being clogged with glass. can do.
[0068]
According to the recovery device of the eighth aspect, since both of the pair of rollers are urged in the direction approaching each other, it is possible to reliably prevent the nip portion from being clogged with the glass product.
[0069]
According to the collecting device of the ninth aspect, since the interval between the nip portions of the pair of rollers is 0.2 to 30 mm, it is possible to prevent the nip portion from being clogged with the glass product and to reduce the glass from the glass product. Separation efficiency can be improved.
[0070]
According to the recovery method of claim 11, the glass of the glass product is crushed while the glass product is conveyed in a predetermined direction. Only glass that is easily crushed due to its properties can be crushed, so that high-purity glass can be separated and recovered, and in addition, heat treatment for heating, cooling, and drying can be eliminated, and The process of the recovery method can be simplified and reduced in cost.
[0071]
According to the collection method of the twelfth aspect, since the glass product is transported in the horizontal direction, only the glass can be easily crushed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a glass recovery apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Glass recovery device 100 Main body 110 Conveyor unit 120, 140 Roller unit 121, 122, 141, 142 Roller

Claims (12)

In a glass recovery apparatus that separates and recovers glass from a glass product, the glass recovery device includes a roller unit having a pair of rollers, and the pair of rollers is configured to crush the glass of the glass product at a nip portion thereof. Glass recovery equipment. The glass collection device according to claim 1, wherein the pair of rollers are disposed so as to face each other in a vertical direction. The glass recovery device according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the roller units are arranged in a horizontal direction. The glass recovery device according to claim 1, wherein the pair of rollers are disposed so as to face each other in a horizontal direction. The glass collection device according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of the roller units are arranged in a vertical direction. The glass collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the pair of rollers are rotated in directions different from each other. The glass recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein one of the pair of rollers is biased toward the other of the pair of rollers. The glass recovery device according to claim 7, wherein both of the pair of rollers are biased in a direction approaching each other. The glass collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a distance between nip portions of the pair of rollers is 0.2 to 30 mm. The glass recovery apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the glass product is a double glazing. A glass recovery method for separating and recovering glass from a glass product, wherein the glass of the glass product is crushed while conveying the glass product in a predetermined direction. The method according to claim 11, wherein the predetermined direction is a horizontal direction.

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