JP2004202662A - Small workpiece fixing structure and machining jig - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mounting structure for fixing small workpieces on a table of a machine tool in a lump, and to provide a machining jig which fixes thereto a number of small workpieces, facilitates attachment/detachment of the workpieces to/from the machine tool, and allows the workpieces to change their positions. <P>SOLUTION: The small workpiece mounting structure includes mutually facing abutting surfaces 4 on each side of a workpiece mounting surface 2 having a fitting groove 3 formed in the center thereof, a retaining sprint plate 12 bent upward like the U shape in cross section, a wedge member 13 having an inverted trapezoidal cross section, and a fastening bolt 14. The retaining spring plate is fitted into the fitting groove, and the wedge member is arranged such that each wedge slant surface 13a is brought into sliding contact with an upper inner side of the retaining spring plate 12. Further the fastening bolt is penetrated through the wedge member and the retaining spring plate, and screwed into a screw hole formed in a fitting groove bottom surface. By screwing the fastening bolt into the fitting groove bottom surface, the retaining spring plate has its upper sides expanded on both sides, thereby simultaneously fixing the plurality of small workpieces 15 in cooperation with the abutting surfaces 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a small work processing jig for simultaneously mounting a large number of small works on a table of a machine tool and simultaneously fixing the small work used in such a jig.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When a small work of several mm to several cm is machined by a machine tool such as a machining center, if the work is fixed to a table one by one, the work attachment / detachment time becomes longer than the machining time. As the burden increases, the operating rate of the machine tool decreases. Therefore, processing is often performed by fixing a plurality of works on a pallet or index table fixed to a table.The smaller the work is, the higher the demand to process a larger number of works at the same time increases. There is a growing demand for processing a plurality of surfaces without changing workpieces.
[0003]
In order to satisfy such demands, a processing jig capable of mounting a large number of workpieces on the table of the machine tool so that the posture can be changed is required, and at least a part of the processing jig to which the workpiece is attached is easily mounted on the machine tool. It is necessary that the work can be easily attached to and detached from the jig.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, various types of processing jigs for simultaneously processing a plurality of small workpieces have been proposed, but it takes time to fix the work to the jig, or the amount of work that can be fixed to the jig is small. At present, small workpieces are processed by inefficient work.
[0005]
According to the present invention, it is possible to attach and detach a small work to and from a processing jig in a short time. An object of the present invention is to provide a processing jig which is capable of changing the posture of a work, thereby greatly improving the processing efficiency of a small work and reducing the work load of an operator.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The structure for fixing a small work according to the present invention, which has solved the above-mentioned problems, comprises a contact surface 4 formed on both sides of the mounting surface 2, a fitting groove 3 formed in an intermediate portion of the mounting surface, and A screw hole 6 provided on the bottom surface of the groove, a pressing spring plate 12 bent in an upward U-shaped section having a bolt insertion hole 12b on the bottom surface, an inverted trapezoidal wedge member 13 provided with a bolt insertion hole 13b, and a fastening bolt 14, the presser spring plate is fitted and fixed in the fitting groove, and the wedge member is disposed with its trapezoidal wedge surface 13a slidably contacting the inside of the upper edge of the presser spring plate 12. The fastening bolt passes through the bolt insertion hole of the wedge member and the holding spring plate and is screwed into the screw hole on the bottom surface of the fitting groove, and the upper side of the holding spring plate is expanded to both sides by screwing the fastening bolt. A plurality of small workpieces 15 at the same time It is characterized in that lifting fixed.
[0007]
When it is desired to more securely fix a plurality of workpieces with one spring plate, the upper edge of the pressing spring plate 12 is formed in a width direction of the bottom surface of the spring plate, such as a circle, an ellipse, an egg, a diamond, and an inverted U-shape. Bends in the same direction as the elastically deformable cross-sectional shape. Thereby, a minute dimensional error between a plurality of works fixed simultaneously can be absorbed and each work can be fixed more reliably.
[0008]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a processing jig for a small work, comprising: a vice table 22 having a gripper 24 at least one of which protrudes toward the other, and end faces 1a and 1b. And a mounting block 1 having the mounting structure according to claim 1, wherein a center pin 18b is disposed between the gripper and the end face and is disposed on a rotation center line parallel to the mounting face and protrudes and retracts in conjunction therewith. , 30 and a pair of center holes 33 and 17a for receiving the center pin, a positioning pin 31 protruding after the center pin protrudes in conjunction with the center pin protruding and retracting operation, and one or a plurality of positioning holes 9 for receiving the same. The gripping member is provided parallel to and spaced apart in the radial direction, and a center pin retracting mechanism is built in one of the gripping members.
[0009]
At least two mounting blocks 1 corresponding to the size of the work 15 to be machined are prepared. The distance between the contact surface 4 of the mounting block 1 and the fitting groove 3 is set to a size corresponding to the size of the work to be fixed to the mounting block. One or a plurality of positioning holes 9 are provided at positions corresponding to.
[0010]
[Action]
The attachment / detachment of the work to / from the processing jig of the present invention and the processing are performed as follows. A presser spring plate 12 is attached to the fitting groove 3 of the mounting block with the bottom portion fitted, and a wedge member 13 is inserted between the claw plates 11 on both sides of the presser spring plate, so that a bolt insertion hole 12b is formed. , 13b are screwed into the screw holes 6 at the bottoms of the fitting grooves. The vise table 22 is fixed to a table of a machine tool.
[0011]
First, works 15 to be processed are arranged on both sides of the fitting groove 3 of the mounting block. When the fastening bolt 14 is screwed into the screw hole 6 at the bottom of the fitting groove, the wedge member 13 pushes and spreads the claw plate 11 of the pressing spring plate 12, and a plurality of works arranged on both sides of the claw plate 11 contact the contact surface 4. It is clamped and fixed between.
[0012]
The mounting block to which a plurality of workpieces are fixed in this way is inserted between the two grippers 23, 24 of the vise table 22 with the center pins 30, 18b and the positioning pins 31, 31 immersed, and the center pins 30, 18b The mounting block 1 is rotatably supported around the center rod 18 by causing the center pins 30 and 18b to advance while making the center holes 17a and 33 coincide with each other. Then, the mounting block 1 is rotated around the center pins 30 and 18b so that the mounting surface faces the tool of the machine tool, and the center pins 30 and 18b are further advanced. The positioning pin 31 is inserted into the positioning hole 9 in synchronization with the advance operation at this time, and the mounting angle of the mounting block 1 is defined. In this state, the gripper 24 of the vise table is advanced, and the mounting block 1 is sandwiched and fixed between the grippers 23 and 24. Then, desired processing is performed on the plurality of works in this state.
[0013]
When the processing of the work in the first direction is completed, the grip of the vise table 22 is loosened, and the center pins 30, 18b are retracted to the intermediate positions. As a result, the positioning pin 31 is detached from the positioning hole 9, so that the mounting block 1 is rotated around the center pins 30 and 18b in the second processing direction, and the center pins 30 and 18b are advanced again to thereby move the positioning pins 31 again. Is inserted into the second positioning hole 9 provided at the angular position, the gripper 24 is advanced, and the mounting block 1 is fixed. Then, the workpiece 15 is machined in the second direction in this state.
[0014]
If further processing in the third direction is necessary, the gripping body 24 is loosened, the center pins 30, 18b are retracted to the intermediate position, and the mounting block 1 is rotated in the third direction to move the center pins 30, 18b again. After protruding and then moving the gripper 24 to fix the mounting block 1, processing of the workpiece in the third direction is performed.
[0015]
While processing the workpiece with the machine tool, the operator fixes the workpiece to be processed next to another mounting block. This work is performed by loosening the fastening bolts 14 and removing the processed work, and then arranging a new work on the mounting surface and fastening the bolts 14. Therefore, even if the number of works is large, the work is performed. It can be easily performed in a short time.
[0016]
When a plurality of mounting surfaces 2 are provided on the mounting block 1 as in the illustrated embodiment, the rotation and the fixing of the mounting block 1 on the vise table 22 are repeated so that all the mounting surfaces are Processing in a desired direction is performed on the attached work 15. When all the processes are completed, the gripper 24 is loosened, and the center pins 30, 18b are retracted to the retracted ends. As a result, the center pins 30 and 18b are detached from the center holes 17a and 33, so that the mounting block 1 is removed from the vise base 22. Then, the mounting block on which the next work has been mounted is mounted on the vise table in advance, and processing on the next group of works is started.
[0017]
While processing the next group of workpieces by the machine tool, the machined workpiece is removed from the mounting block removed from the machine tool, and the workpiece to be machined next is mounted. By repeating this operation, a large amount of small works can be efficiently processed with a small work load.
[0018]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the working jig and the work fixing structure of the present invention will be further described with reference to the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a mounting block. The mounting block 1 shown in the figure has a quadrangular prism shape and has four mounting surfaces 2 formed on a peripheral surface. At the center of each mounting surface, a fitting groove 3 is provided in the longitudinal direction, and abutment surfaces 4 are formed on both sides thereof at a distance corresponding to the size of a work to be fixed. The contact surface 4 is formed by shaving off the ridge 5 on the ridge of the square pole. A screw hole 6 is provided on the bottom surface of the fitting groove 3. At the center of the mounting block 1, there is provided a center hole 8 penetrating from one end face 7a to the other end face 7b. Each end face has a sleeve 17 with a flange 16 fitted and fixed in the center hole 8. And a plurality of positioning holes 9 for setting the direction of the mounting block 1 at positions corresponding to the processing direction of the workpiece are provided on the end faces 1a and 1b of the flange 16, respectively.
[0019]
In the fitting groove 3, a pressing spring plate 12, which is bent in an upward U-shape to form a bottom plate 10 and claw plates 11 on both sides, is formed on both wall surfaces of the fitting groove 3 by the elasticity of the bottom in the expanding direction. It is fitted in a pressed state (see FIG. 2). A wedge member 13 having an inverted trapezoidal cross section is inserted inside the presser spring plate 12 with its wedge slope 13a in contact with a sliding contact edge 11a provided on the upper edge of the presser spring plate 12. A fastening bolt 14 is screwed into the screw hole 6 at the bottom of the fitting groove through bolt insertion holes 13b and 12b provided in the holding spring plate 12.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 3, the presser spring plate 12 is bent so that the bent portion 10a of the claw plate 11 on both sides with the bottom portion 10 is bent so as to swell the portion immediately above the outer portion. Curved upward. With this structure, the holding spring plate 12 is easily fitted and inserted by pushing only the bottom portion into the fitting groove 3, and is fixed by pressing the wall surfaces 3a on both sides of the fitting groove 3 with its own elasticity. , Does not come off easily. Of course, the holding spring plate 12 can be screwed to the bottom of the fitting groove 3. The upper edges of the claw plates 11 on both sides are bent into a cylindrical shape having a circular or elliptical cross section. The inner side of the cylindrical shape is a sliding contact edge 11a with the wedge member 13 and the outer side is in contact with the workpiece. Because of the edge 11b, when a plurality of works are held by one presser spring plate 12, minute dimensional errors between the works are absorbed by elastic deformation in the diameter direction of the cylinder. Then, since the wedge member 13 and the work 15 come into contact with each other on the convex arcuate curved surface, the contact surfaces thereof are not damaged.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of small workpieces 15 to be machined are arranged between the fitting groove 3 and the contact surface 4 of the mounting surface 2 of the mounting block, and the fastening bolts 14 are screwed into the wedge members 13. The claw plate 11 is pushed between the claw plates 11 on both sides of the pressing spring plate 12 to push the claw plate 11 outward. Therefore, the work 15 disposed between the fitting groove 3 and the contact surface 4 is pressed against the contact surface 4 by the expanding operation by pushing the wedge member 13 as shown in FIG. It is sandwiched between the claw plate 2. Since the mounting block 1 shown in FIG. 1 has four mounting surfaces 2, the work 15 is fixed to each surface in a similar manner.
[0022]
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in the mounting block 1, center rods 18 are supported slidably in the axial direction by center holes 17a of sleeves 17 at both ends. The center rod 18 is provided with a stopper 19 which comes into contact with one of the sleeves 17 and defines the stroke end of the rod, and biases the center rod 18 in a direction to press the stopper against the one sleeve. A coil spring 20 is provided. The illustrated coil spring 20 is mounted between the other end of the sleeve 17 and a spring receiver 21 fixed to the center rod 18. With the stopper 19 abutting against one of the sleeves 17 by the urging force of the coil spring 20, both ends 18a and 18b of the center rod 18 are located at positions slightly recessed from the end surfaces 1a and 1b of the flange 16. Therefore, in this state, the mounting block 1 can be inserted between the opposite gripping bodies 23 and 24 of the vise table 22.
[0023]
The vise table 22 shown in the figure is a base 25 fixed to a table of a machine tool, a fixed gripper 23 integrally fixed to the base, and is advanced and retracted by a feed screw 36 facing the fixed gripper. And a movable gripper 24. The movable gripper 24 includes a camshaft 26 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the mounting block 1, and a handle 27 for rotating the camshaft is provided. A center cam 28 and a positioning cam 29 are fixed to the cam shaft 26, and a center pin 30 and a positioning pin 31 which abut on the cam surface (outer peripheral surface) of each cam and advance and retreat toward the mounting block 1 side are movably gripped. The body 24 is provided movably in the axial direction. The center pin 30 has a length such that the tip end surface thereof is flush with the gripping surface 24a of the gripping body 24 when retracted. The positioning pin 31 is immersed in the holding body 24 when retracted. The holding body 24 is provided with a return spring 32 for retracting the positioning pin 31.
[0024]
When the camshaft 26 is rotated by a certain angle with the handle 27, the center pin 28 advances first, and when the camshaft 26 is further rotated, the positioning pin 31 advances with a delay. Shape. Therefore, when the camshaft 26 is rotated in the reverse direction, the positioning pin 31 first enters, and then the center pin 30 enters by the urging force of the coil spring 20 of the mounting block. It is preferable to provide a ball plunger and other stoppers for elastically holding the intermediate rotation position of the cam shaft, into which only the center pin 30 advances, on the handle 27 mounting portion of the gripping body 24.
[0025]
The fixed holding body 23 is provided with a center hole 33 at the center of the holding surface 23a, and a center pin 37 is provided in the center hole 33 so as to be slidable in the axial direction. A seesaw lever 34 having one swinging end is provided at the back of the center hole 33, and a positioning pin 31 which is moved in the axial direction by another swinging end of the seesaw lever is mounted. The positioning pin 31 is retracted by the return spring 32 from the holding surface 23a of the fixed holding body. The center pin 37 has a length such that the front end surface thereof in contact with the end portion 18b of the center rod 18 is flush with the grip surface 23a.
[0026]
In the processing jig having the above structure, the plurality of small works 15 to be processed are fixed to the respective mounting surfaces of the mounting block 1 as described in the section of the operation. This mounting block is inserted between the fixed holding body 23 and the movable holding body 24 of the vise table 22 fixed to the table of the machine tool, and the handle 27 is rotated to cause the center pin 30 to advance into the center hole 17a of the sleeve. The advanced center pin pushes the center rod 18 in the mounting block 1, and the end 18 b of the center rod 18 becomes a center pin on the fixed gripping body 23 side and enters the center hole 33 provided in the gripping body.
[0027]
In this state, the mounting block 1 is rotatably supported around the central axis by the center pins 30 and 18b. Therefore, when the handle 27 is further rotated in a desired direction of the work, the movable gripper 24 is moved by the positioning cam 29. As the positioning pin 31 on the side advances, the center pins 30 and 18b further advance to swing the seesaw lever 34, and the positioning pin 31 on the fixed gripping body also advances and is inserted into the positioning hole 9 of the mounting block to be mounted. The direction of block 1 is defined. Then, the movable holding body 24 is advanced toward the fixed holding body by the feed screw 36 to fix the mounting block 1.
[0028]
If the machine tool is, for example, a vertical machining center, the upper surface of a work fixed to the mounting surface can be machined or drilled with one mounting surface of the mounting block shown in FIG. 1 facing upward. . At the same time, the side surface of the work attached to the mounting surface adjacent to the mounting surface can be machined in a range where the tool does not interfere with the ridges 5 of the mounting block. When processing in one mounting direction is completed, the movable gripper 24 is loosened, the handle 27 is returned to the intermediate position, the positioning pin 31 is detached, the mounting block 1 is oriented in the next processing direction, and the positioning pin is advanced again. After determining the direction of the mounting block, the mounting block 1 is clamped by the movable gripper 24, and processing in the next direction is performed.
[0029]
When the processing of all the workpieces is completed in this way, the processed workpiece is removed from the vise table 22 together with the mounting block 1, and the mounting block on which the next work is mounted is newly fixed to the vise table 22, and the next group is mounted. Of the workpiece.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the mounting structure of the present invention, a large number of works can be simultaneously processed by fixing a large number of works to a mounting surface of a pallet, a vise, or a mounting block fixed to them. There is an effect that a large number of works can be attached and detached in a short time with light work. Further, by using the mounting structure of the present invention, it is possible to provide a processing jig that can simultaneously process a plurality of surfaces of a large number of small works and easily attaches and detaches the work to and from the jig.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a mounting block of a processing jig of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the mounting structure of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an example of a preferable shape of a holding spring plate. 4 is a plan view of the mounting block of FIG. 1 in a state where a work is mounted; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional side view showing an example of the processing jig of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional plan view of the processing jig of FIG. [Explanation of symbols]
1 Mounting block
1a, 1b End surface 2 Mounting surface 3 Fitting groove 4 Contact surface 6 Screw hole 9 Positioning hole
12 Presser spring plate
12a Bolt insertion hole
13 Wedge member
13b Bolt insertion hole
14 Fastening bolt
15 Work
18b end
22 vise units
24 gripper
30 Center pin
31 Positioning pin

Claims (2)

A contact surface (4) formed opposite to both sides of the mounting surface (2), a fitting groove (3) formed in an intermediate portion of the mounting surface, and a screw hole ( 6), a presser spring plate (12) bent in an upward U-shaped cross section having a bolt insertion hole (12b) on the bottom surface, and an inverted trapezoidal wedge member (13) provided with a bolt insertion hole (13b), and fastened. Bolts (14), the presser spring plate is fitted and fixed in the fitting groove, and the wedge member slides on its trapezoidal wedge surface (13a) inside the upper edge of the presser spring plate (12). The fastening bolt is screwed into the screw hole on the bottom surface of the fitting groove through the wedge member and the bolt insertion hole of the holding spring plate. A fixed structure for a small work, characterized in that the upper side is expanded to both sides and a plurality of small works (15) are simultaneously held and fixed between the contact surface (4). A vice table (22) provided with a gripping body (24) at least one of which protrudes toward the other, and an attachment structure according to claim 1, wherein an end surface (1a, 1b) is gripped by the gripping body. A center pin (18b, 30) disposed on the rotation center line parallel to the mounting surface and protruding and retracting interlockingly, and a center for receiving the center pin (18b, 30). A pair of holes (33, 17a), a positioning pin (31) protruding after the center pin protrudes in conjunction with the movement of the center pin, and one or more positioning holes (9) for receiving the same are parallel to the center pin. A jig for processing a small work, wherein the jig is provided with a center pin protruding / retracting mechanism built in one of the gripping bodies at a position separated in a radial direction.

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