JP2004197327A - Plastered wall structure and construction method of plastered wall - Google Patents

Plastered wall structure and construction method of plastered wall Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004197327A
JP2004197327A JP2002363839A JP2002363839A JP2004197327A JP 2004197327 A JP2004197327 A JP 2004197327A JP 2002363839 A JP2002363839 A JP 2002363839A JP 2002363839 A JP2002363839 A JP 2002363839A JP 2004197327 A JP2004197327 A JP 2004197327A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
wall
painted
base material
fiber board
kenaf fiber
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JP2002363839A
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JP3739744B2 (en
Inventor
Shigeo Yoshida
繁夫 吉田
Satoshi Kitagawa
聡 北川
Masayoshi Torii
昌良 鳥居
Hiroshi Sato
佐藤　　寛
Atsushi Yamamoto
敦史 山本
Kazuhisa Nakamura
和久 中村
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Panasonic Homes Co Ltd
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Panahome Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the lowering of quality performance of plastered wall structure caused by the unevenness and clearance of a backing material and to facilitate the construction of a plastered wall. <P>SOLUTION: This plastered wall structure of coating the surface of a wall body with a plastered wall material is provided with a backing material 12 disposed on the surface side of the wall body, a kenaf fiber board 14 stuck without a clearance to the surface of the backing material 12, and a plastered wall layer 16 formed by coating the surface of the kenaf fiber board 14 with the plastered wall material. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、塗り壁構造および塗り壁の施工方法に関し、詳しくは、住宅の室内壁面等において、漆喰や石膏プラスターなどの塗り壁材で仕上げられる塗り壁の構造と、そのような塗り壁を施工する方法とを対象にしている。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
住宅の室内壁面の仕上げとして、漆喰や石膏プラスターによる塗り壁は、広く普及している。
一般的な塗り壁の施工は、柱や桟などで構成された壁体の骨組構造に対して、石膏ボードや合板などの下地材を貼り付け、この下地材の表面に練り物状の塗り壁材を塗り付け、乾燥硬化させて、塗り壁層を構成する。
塗り壁材には、ある程度の吸放湿性を有するものがあり、室内の湿度環境を良好に維持する調湿機能を有することが知られている。塗り壁材の材料として、特に調湿性に優れた材料を使用したり、珪藻土などの調湿材を塗り壁材の材料に配合しておいたりして、調湿機能をより高めることも提案されている。
【０００３】
さらに、塗り壁材を塗工する下地材にも、調湿性のある石膏ボードなどを使用することで、調湿機能あるいは吸放湿できる水分の容量を増強する技術も提案されている。
下地材の裏面側を、壁体内部を貫く通気空間にしておいて、室内空間から塗り壁層、下地材を通じて、壁内の通気空間までを、湿気が通過できるようにすることで、室内空間の湿度環境を改善することも提案されている。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、前記のような塗り壁構造において、下地材の不陸や継目における段差や隙間が、表面に塗工される塗り壁の施工作業性や仕上がり品質を損なうという問題がある。
下地材は、通常、一定の寸法で矩形などに形成されたものを、壁体の柱や桟で構成される格子状の骨組構造の表面に並べて敷き詰め、釘打やビス止めで固定する。下地材の平面性にバラツキがあったり、取付面となる柱や桟の平面性が良くなかったりすると、隣接する下地材の間に不陸が生じる。下地材の形状誤差や固定のズレがあると、下地材同士の間に隙間が生じることもある。
【０００５】
このような不陸や隙間がある下地材の表面に、塗り壁材を塗工するのは、技術的に難しい。下地材の不陸や隙間が塗工された塗り壁層の表面にも現れてしまうことがある。塗り壁層を十分な厚みで形成してしまえば、ある程度までは下地材の不陸や隙間を隠すこともできるが、塗り壁材を分厚く塗工するのは作業の手間が増え材料コストも増大する。特に、塗り壁層に高い透湿性を要求される場合、過剰に分厚い塗り壁層では透湿性能を大きく損なう。さらに、施工時点では下地材の不陸や隙間が隠せていても、塗り壁材が乾燥硬化し時間が経過するにつれて、塗り壁層の収縮変形などに伴い、下地材の不陸や隙間を原因として、塗り壁層にひびや割れが生じることがある。
【０００６】
本発明の課題は、前記したような塗り壁構造において、下地材の不陸や隙間を原因とする塗り壁構造の品質性能の低下を防止し、しかも、塗り壁の施工を容易に行えるようにすることである。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明にかかる塗り壁構造は、壁体の表面に塗り壁材を塗工する塗り壁構造であって、前記壁体の表面側に配置される下地材と、前記下地材の表面に隙間なく貼り付けられるケナフ繊維ボードと、前記ケナフ繊維ボードの表面に前記塗り壁材が塗工された塗り壁層とを備える。
〔壁体〕
通常の住宅その他の建築物における壁体に適用される。例えば、室内空間と屋外空間とを仕切る外壁、室内空間同士を仕切る仕切り壁などの側壁のほか、天井壁や柱壁などにも、本発明は適用できる。
【０００８】
壁体には、鉄骨や木柱、コンクリート躯体などで構成される骨組構造あるいは支持構造と、その表面に配置される外装構造および内装構造が含まれる。
塗り壁構造は、壁体の表面に施工される外装構造または内装構造である。
〔下地材〕
壁体の表面側に配置され、塗り壁層を施工するための下地になる。
基本的には、通常の塗り壁構造における下地材と同じ材料や構造が採用される。
下地材の材料として、合板や石膏ボード、木質繊維ボードなどが挙げられる。調湿石膏ボードのように調湿性を有する下地材を使用すれば、室内空間の湿度環境を改善できる。調湿性はないが透湿性を有する材料でも有用である。
【０００９】
下地材の厚みは、材料によっても違うが、通常、６〜１５ｍｍ程度である。
下地材は、ビス止めや釘打ち、接着などの手段で、壁体の支持構造に固定される。下地材の取り付けは、出来るだけ不陸や段差、隙間が生じないようにしたほうが望ましいが、本発明では、ケナフ繊維ボードを有することで、下地材については、それほどには、不陸などは問題にしない。
〔ケナフ繊維ボード〕
下地材の表面に隙間なく貼り付けられる。
ケナフ繊維ボードは、１年草であるケナフ植物の繊維を集積して一体化させたものである。ケナフ繊維に加えて、ケナフ植物の芯部を配合することもできる。ケナフ繊維ボードは、薄くても強度や耐変形性に優れているという特長がある。
【００１０】
ケナフ繊維ボードの厚みは、１〜５ｍｍの範囲に設定する。好ましくは２〜４ｍｍである。厚いほうが、耐変形性などは向上するが、コストが高く付いたり、壁の厚みを増大させたりする。
ケナフ繊維ボードは透湿性に優れた材料である。室内空間の湿度改善機能を向上させるには、透湿度透湿度１０００ｇ／ｍ2・２４ｈ以上のものが好ましい。ケナフ繊維ボードを下地材に貼り付けるには、釘打ち、ビス止め、接着などの通常の固定手段が採用できる。
〔塗り壁層〕
ケナフ繊維ボードの表面に塗り壁材を塗工して形成する。
【００１１】
塗り壁材の材料、塗工方法などは、通常の塗り壁と共通する技術が採用できる。
塗り壁材として、漆喰、石膏、セメントなどの水硬性材料が使用できる。繊維材料が配合されていたり、着色されていたりするものもある。珪藻土などの調湿材が配合された塗り壁材を使用すれば、室内空間の湿度環境を改善するのに有効である。
塗り壁層の厚みは、使用する材料や施工条件によっても異なるが、通常、３〜１０ｍｍに設定される。
【００１２】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１に示す塗り壁構造は、住宅の室内壁面に適用された場合である。
壁構造は、木質桟１０が配設された骨組構造に対して、室内Ｒ側の表面に、調湿石膏ボード１２（チヨダウーテ社製、厚み１２ｍｍ）が、ビス止め、あるいは、接着で貼設される。
調湿石膏ボード１２の表面には、ケナフ繊維ボード１４（松下電工社製、厚み２ｍｍ）が、接着、あるいは、接着と釘打ちの併用によって貼り付けられる。
ケナフ繊維ボード１４の表面には、塗り壁材が塗工された塗り壁層１６が形成される。塗り壁層１６は、塗り壁材（田川産業社製）を厚み６ｍｍで塗工し、乾燥硬化させた。塗り壁層１６が、室内Ｒに露出する。
【００１３】
上記のような壁構造では、調湿石膏ボード１２の表面にケナフ繊維ボード１４が貼り付けられていることにより、調湿石膏ボード１２の不陸や段差、隙間などが、表面にケナフ繊維ボード１４を貼り付けることによって解消できる。ケナフ繊維ボード１４は、表面が平滑で塗り壁材の塗工作業を行い易い。
施工状態で、室内空間Ｒに発生する過剰な湿気は、塗り壁層１６に吸収される。塗り壁層１６に吸収された湿気の水分の一部は塗り壁層１６で保持されるが、残りの水分は、ケナフ繊維ボード１４を通過して調湿石膏ボード１２に吸収される。調湿石膏ボード１２でも一部の水分が保持され、残りの水分は、調湿石膏ボード１２の裏面の壁内空間Ｗに放出される。壁内空間Ｗが通気可能であれば、壁内空間Ｗに放出された水分は通気とともに排出される。その結果、室内空間Ｒが過度に高湿度になって、塗り壁層１６や調湿石膏ボード１２だけでは吸収保持できないほどの水分が発生しても、過剰の水分は、塗り壁層１６、ケナフ繊維ボード１４、調湿石膏ボード１２を通過して壁内空間Ｗに放出され、室内空間Ｒの湿度環境を居住者にとって快適に維持することができる。なお、室内空間Ｒが乾燥し過ぎた場合には、塗り壁層１６あるいは調湿石膏ボード１２に吸収保持された水分が、室内空間Ｒに放出される。室内空間Ｒが過剰に乾燥することが防止できる。
【００１４】
【発明の効果】
本発明にかかる塗り壁構造は、石膏ボードなどの下地材の表面にケナフ繊維ボードを介して塗り壁層を形成している。ケナフ繊維ボードが下地材の不陸や隙間、段差などを覆って、塗り壁層を形成するための塗り壁材の塗工を容易にし、塗り壁層の仕上がり品質を向上させる。しかも、ケナフ繊維ボードは透湿性に優れているので、室内空間と下地材および壁内空間との間における湿気あるいは水分の流通を良好にし、室内空間の湿度環境を良好に維持することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施形態を表す塗り壁構造の断面図
【符号の説明】
１０ 木質桟
１２ 調湿石膏ボード
１４ ケナフ繊維ボード
１６ 塗り壁層
Ｒ 室内空間
Ｗ 壁内空間[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a plastered wall structure and a method of constructing a plastered wall, and more particularly, to a structure of a plastered wall to be finished with a plastered wall material such as a plaster or a plaster plaster on an indoor wall surface of a house, and to construct such a plastered wall. How to be targeted.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Plastered or plastered plastered walls are widely used as interior wall finishes of houses.
In general construction of a plastered wall, a base material such as gypsum board or plywood is adhered to the frame structure of the wall composed of columns and bars, and the surface of the base material is kneaded. And dried and cured to form a painted wall layer.
Some painted wall materials have a certain degree of moisture absorption / release properties, and are known to have a humidity control function of favorably maintaining the indoor humidity environment. It has also been proposed to improve the humidity control function by using a material that is particularly excellent in humidity control as a material for the painted wall material, or by mixing a humidifying material such as diatomaceous earth with the material of the painted wall material. ing.
[0003]
Further, a technique has been proposed in which a moisture-controlling gypsum board or the like is also used as a base material for coating a painted wall material to enhance the humidity control function or the capacity of moisture that can absorb and release moisture.
By setting the back side of the base material as a ventilation space that penetrates through the interior of the wall, the interior space is made possible by allowing moisture to pass from the indoor space through the painted wall layer and the base material to the ventilation space in the wall. It has also been proposed to improve the humidity environment.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the painted wall structure as described above, there is a problem that unevenness of the base material and steps or gaps at seams impair construction workability and finish quality of the painted wall coated on the surface.
The base material, which is usually formed in a rectangular shape with a certain size, is laid side by side on the surface of a lattice-shaped frame structure composed of pillars and bars of a wall, and is fixed by nailing or screwing. If the flatness of the base material varies, or if the flatness of the pillars or bars serving as mounting surfaces is not good, unevenness occurs between adjacent base materials. If there is a shape error or a fixed displacement of the base material, a gap may be generated between the base materials.
[0005]
It is technically difficult to apply a painted wall material on the surface of a base material having such irregularities and gaps. Irregularities and gaps in the base material may also appear on the surface of the painted wall layer. If the plastered wall layer is formed with a sufficient thickness, it is possible to hide the unevenness and gaps of the base material to a certain extent, but applying a thick plastered wall material requires more work and increases material costs. I do. In particular, when high moisture permeability is required for the painted wall layer, an excessively thick painted wall layer significantly impairs the moisture permeability. Furthermore, even at the time of construction, even if the unevenness and gaps of the base material are hidden, as the coated wall material dries and hardens and the time elapses, the unevenness and gaps of the base material may be caused by the shrinkage deformation of the coated wall layer etc. As a result, cracks and cracks may occur in the painted wall layer.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to prevent a decrease in quality performance of a painted wall structure caused by unevenness and gaps of a base material in the painted wall structure as described above, and to facilitate the construction of the painted wall. It is to be.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The painted wall structure according to the present invention is a painted wall structure in which a painted wall material is applied to a surface of a wall body, and a base material disposed on a surface side of the wall body, and a space between the base material and the base material without gaps. It comprises a kenaf fiber board to be affixed, and a painted wall layer in which the painted wall material is applied to the surface of the kenaf fiber board.
(Wall)
Applies to walls in ordinary homes and other buildings. For example, the present invention can be applied not only to an outer wall that separates an indoor space from an outdoor space, a side wall such as a partition wall that separates indoor spaces from each other, but also to a ceiling wall, a column wall, and the like.
[0008]
The wall includes a frame structure or a support structure composed of a steel frame, a wooden pillar, a concrete frame, and the like, and an exterior structure and an interior structure disposed on the surface thereof.
The painted wall structure is an exterior structure or an interior structure constructed on the surface of the wall body.
(Base material)
It is arranged on the surface side of the wall and serves as a base for applying the painted wall layer.
Basically, the same material and structure as the base material in the ordinary painted wall structure are adopted.
Plywood, gypsum board, wood fiber board and the like are examples of the material of the base material. If a base material having humidity control properties such as a humidity control plaster board is used, the humidity environment in the indoor space can be improved. Materials which do not have humidity control but have moisture permeability are also useful.
[0009]
The thickness of the base material varies depending on the material, but is usually about 6 to 15 mm.
The base material is fixed to the support structure of the wall by means such as screwing, nailing, or bonding. It is desirable that the mounting of the base material should not cause unevenness, steps, and gaps as much as possible.However, in the present invention, the presence of the kenaf fiber board allows the base material to be less affected by unevenness. Do not.
[Kenaf fiber board]
It can be stuck to the surface of the base material without gaps.
The kenaf fiber board is made by integrating and integrating fibers of a kenaf plant, which is a one-year grass. In addition to the kenaf fiber, a core of a kenaf plant may be blended. The kenaf fiber board has the feature of being excellent in strength and deformation resistance even when it is thin.
[0010]
The thickness of the kenaf fiber board is set in the range of 1 to 5 mm. Preferably it is 2 to 4 mm. Thicker ones improve deformation resistance, but increase the cost and increase the wall thickness.
Kenaf fiber board is a material having excellent moisture permeability. In order to improve the function of improving the humidity of the indoor space, the moisture permeability is preferably 1000 g / m 2 · 24 h or more. In order to attach the kenaf fiber board to the base material, ordinary fixing means such as nailing, screwing, bonding and the like can be adopted.
(Painted wall layer)
A kenaf fiber board is formed by coating a wall material on the surface.
[0011]
For the material of the painted wall material, the coating method, and the like, the same technology as that of the ordinary painted wall can be adopted.
As a painted wall material, a hydraulic material such as plaster, plaster, cement or the like can be used. Some are blended or colored with fibrous materials. The use of a painted wall material mixed with a humidifying material such as diatomaceous earth is effective in improving the humidity environment of the indoor space.
The thickness of the painted wall layer varies depending on the material used and construction conditions, but is usually set to 3 to 10 mm.
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The painted wall structure shown in FIG. 1 is a case applied to the indoor wall surface of a house.
As for the wall structure, a humidity control gypsum board 12 (manufactured by Chiyoda Ute Co., 12 mm thick) is attached to the surface on the room R side by screwing or bonding to the frame structure on which the wooden bar 10 is provided. You.
A kenaf fiber board 14 (manufactured by Matsushita Electric Works, thickness: 2 mm) is adhered to the surface of the humidity control gypsum board 12 by bonding or a combination of bonding and nailing.
On the surface of the kenaf fiber board 14, a painted wall layer 16 on which a painted wall material is applied is formed. The painted wall layer 16 was formed by applying a painted wall material (manufactured by Tagawa Sangyo Co., Ltd.) with a thickness of 6 mm and drying and curing. The painted wall layer 16 is exposed in the room R.
[0013]
In the wall structure as described above, since the kenaf fiber board 14 is attached to the surface of the humidity control gypsum board 12, unevenness, steps, gaps, and the like of the humidity control gypsum board 12 are caused by the kenaf fiber board 14 on the surface. Can be resolved by pasting The kenaf fiber board 14 has a smooth surface and is easily coated with a painted wall material.
In the construction state, excess moisture generated in the interior space R is absorbed by the painted wall layer 16. Some of the moisture absorbed by the painted wall layer 16 is retained by the painted wall layer 16, while the remaining moisture passes through the kenaf fiber board 14 and is absorbed by the humidity-regulated gypsum board 12. A part of the moisture is also retained in the humidity control gypsum board 12, and the remaining moisture is released to the space W in the wall on the back surface of the humidity control gypsum board 12. If the in-wall space W can be ventilated, the moisture released into the in-wall space W is discharged along with the ventilation. As a result, even if the indoor space R becomes excessively high in humidity and generates moisture that cannot be absorbed and held only by the painted wall layer 16 or the humidity control gypsum board 12, the excessive moisture is removed by the painted wall layer 16, kenaf. The moisture is released into the in-wall space W after passing through the fiber board 14 and the humidity control gypsum board 12, and the humid environment of the indoor space R can be maintained comfortably for the occupant. If the interior space R is too dry, the moisture absorbed and retained in the painted wall layer 16 or the humidity-controlled gypsum board 12 is released into the interior space R. The interior space R can be prevented from being excessively dried.
[0014]
【The invention's effect】
In the painted wall structure according to the present invention, a painted wall layer is formed on the surface of a base material such as a gypsum board via a kenaf fiber board. A kenaf fiber board covers irregularities, gaps, steps, and the like of a base material, facilitates coating of a painted wall material for forming a painted wall layer, and improves the finish quality of the painted wall layer. Moreover, since the kenaf fiber board is excellent in moisture permeability, the flow of moisture or moisture between the indoor space and the base material and the space in the wall can be made good, and the humidity environment of the indoor space can be maintained well.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a painted wall structure showing an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference Signs List 10 wooden bar 12 moisture-regulated gypsum board 14 kenaf fiber board 16 painted wall layer R indoor space W wall space

Claims (3)

壁体の表面に塗り壁材を塗工する塗り壁構造であって、
前記壁体の表面側に配置される下地材と、
前記下地材の表面に隙間なく貼り付けられるケナフ繊維ボードと、
前記ケナフ繊維ボードの表面に前記塗り壁材が塗工された塗り壁層と
を備える塗り壁構造。A painted wall structure for applying a painted wall material to the surface of the wall,
A base material disposed on the surface side of the wall,
A kenaf fiber board that is stuck to the surface of the base material without gaps,
A painted wall structure comprising: a painted wall layer in which the painted wall material is applied to a surface of the kenaf fiber board. 前記下地材が、厚み６〜１５ｍｍの調湿石膏ボードであり、
前記ケナフ繊維ボードが、厚み１〜５ｍｍ、透湿度１０００ｇ／ｍ2・２４ｈ以上であり、
前記塗り壁層が、透湿性塗り壁材を塗工し、厚み３〜１０ｍｍであり、
前記壁体が、前記下地材の背面に通気空間を有する
請求項１に記載の塗り壁構造。The base material is a humidity controlled gypsum board having a thickness of 6 to 15 mm,
The kenaf fiber board has a thickness of 1 to 5 mm and a moisture permeability of 1000 g / m 2 · 24 h or more,
The coated wall layer is formed by coating a moisture-permeable coated wall material and has a thickness of 3 to 10 mm,
The painted wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the wall has a ventilation space on a back surface of the base material. 壁体の表面に塗り壁材が塗工される塗り壁を施工する方法であって、
前記壁体の支持部材に下地材を貼り付ける工程(a)と、
前記下地材の表面にケナフ繊維ボードを隙間なく貼り付ける工程(b)と、
前記ケナフ繊維ボードの表面に前記塗り壁材を塗工する工程(c)と
を含む塗り壁の施工方法。A method of constructing a plaster wall on which a plaster wall material is coated on a surface of a wall body,
A step (a) of attaching a base material to the support member of the wall,
A step (b) of attaching a kenaf fiber board to the surface of the base material without gaps,
A step (c) of coating the painted wall material on the surface of the kenaf fiber board.
JP2002363839A 2002-12-16 2002-12-16 Painted wall structure and painted wall construction method Expired - Fee Related JP3739744B2 (en)

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