JP2004194593A - Method for constructing roof ventilation apparatus of greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for constructing a roof ventilation apparatus of a greenhouse in which a component member of the roof ventilation apparatus is unitized and production in a plant is made possible. <P>SOLUTION: A chevron-shaped ventilation frame unit body, in which two unit frames each composed of a ladder structure using sheet-fixing materials of the top and bottom as vertical materials and using a plurality of bar materials as horizontal materials are connected by hinge mechanisms at the tops and opening angle is made variable, is arranged in ridge direction of the roof of the greenhouse and a support material of the ventilation frame unit body is connected and attached to a frame work of the roof part of the greenhouse. A means for rolling the end of a plastic sheet fixed to the sheet fixing material at the top around a rolling shaft and rotating and driving the rolling shaft is installed. A band for pressing the rolling shaft is installed between the sheet-fixing part at the top and the sheet-fixing part at the bottom. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention belongs to the technical field of a method of constructing a roof ventilation device for a greenhouse that is equally applicable to an existing greenhouse as well as a newly constructed greenhouse.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various ventilation devices have been developed as a means for appropriately adjusting the room temperature by replacing the indoor air in a greenhouse (a greenhouse using a plastic sheet as a covering material or a glass greenhouse using glass, etc.). Widely adopted based on the idea of.
[0003]
Ventilation systems that form natural ventilation by forming ventilation openings in greenhouses
a) A side window type that opens and closes by forming a ventilation opening on the side, hem, or wife surface of the greenhouse,
b) A valley ventilation type that opens and closes by forming a ventilation opening in the valley of the greenhouse,
c) A skylight type that opens and closes by forming a ventilation opening at the center (top) of the greenhouse roof,
And the like are widely known, and are implemented alone or in combination.
[0004]
Taking into account the natural convection phenomenon of air, the method of using both the side window type and the skylight type is the most efficient, and various developments of the skylight type are in progress.
For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a roof ventilation device in which an auxiliary chamber is formed on a roof top of a greenhouse, and a cover sheet of the auxiliary chamber can be opened and closed.
[0005]
Patent Literature 2 discloses a natural ventilation house in which a ventilation opening is formed at the roof top of a greenhouse, and the ventilation opening is covered by a roof portion protruding like an eaves so that rain does not fall.
[0006]
Patent Document 3 discloses a greenhouse in which the top of a roof is formed in a stepped shape, and the step is formed in a vertical ventilation opening.
Patent Literature 4 discloses a ventilation device provided with a restraining band that presses a winding shaft that opens and closes a ventilation opening of a roof.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-59-14547 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-61-69952 [Patent Document 3]
JP 2002-209452 A [Patent Document 4]
Japanese Utility Model Registration No. 30842482
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the construction work of the roof ventilation device described in Patent Documents 1 to 4 has the following problems.
[0009]
(1) The construction work of the auxiliary room as the roof ventilation device of the greenhouse described in Patent Document 1 requires an assembling work of attaching the auxiliary column of the auxiliary room to each column (arch pipe material) of the main room. And This operation has a drawback that the operation is considerably troublesome and troublesome, and is inferior in workability.
In addition, even if the above-described assembly work is omitted by using a column in which the auxiliary column of the auxiliary room and the column of the main chamber are integrally formed, such a column integrally formed is a specially processed material. Therefore, there is a problem that the cost increases.
[0010]
(2) In the construction work of the roof ventilation part of the natural ventilation house described in Patent Document 2, the arch material of the greenhouse main body is formed by using a biarch material forming a skeleton of an eave portion protruding so as to cover a skylight-shaped ventilation opening. Requires work to attach to all of For this reason, assembling work also takes a considerable amount of time, and is troublesome and has poor workability. In addition, the eaves are easily affected by wind pressure, and the greenhouse may collapse unless the structure has high strength and rigidity.
[0011]
(3) The roof ventilation device for a greenhouse described in Patent Document 3 has a configuration in which a step is provided at the top of a roof made of truss-structured beams, and a ventilation opening is provided at the step.
Therefore, the construction of this roof ventilator requires that the roof structure be designed and manufactured in such a way from the beginning, and it is extremely difficult to apply it to existing greenhouses, and the construction cost is high. There is.
[0012]
(4) The ventilation device for a greenhouse described in Patent Literature 4 has a complicated and special structure in which a strut portion and an arch portion constituting a framework of the greenhouse are joined via an eaves gutter, so that it is considerably difficult to assemble. There is a disadvantage that it takes time. In addition, there is a problem that the cost is increased due to the heavy use of specially processed materials. Furthermore, there is a disadvantage that it cannot be applied to existing greenhouses.
[0013]
The object of the present invention is equally applicable to existing greenhouses as well as newly-constructed greenhouses, and since the components of the roof ventilation system are unitized to enable factory production, on-site work can be greatly reduced, An object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a roof ventilation device for a greenhouse, which can be easily implemented at low cost.
[0014]
Means for Solving the Problems As means for solving the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, a method for constructing a roof ventilation device for a greenhouse according to the invention described in claim 1 is as follows.
A greenhouse roof that rotates the winding axis of a plastic sheet in the forward and reverse directions by a rotation driving means to move between a sheet stopper at the top of a ventilation frame and a sheet stopper at a hem, and opens and closes a ventilation opening therebetween. A method of building a ventilation device,
The top and bottom sheet stoppers are vertical members, and two equal-length unit frames consisting of a ladder structure with multiple crosspieces connected between them are connected by a hinge mechanism at the top to change the opening angle. The ventilation frame unit body having a triangular or arch shape is arranged in the ridge direction on the outer surface of the roof of the greenhouse, and the support material provided at the hem of the ventilation frame unit is connected to the roof frame of the greenhouse. And attaching it to a substantially triangular or arch-shaped mountain shape with a long and uniform cross section in the ridge direction,
Winding the end of the plastic sheet fastened to the ridge direction long sheet stopper at the top of the ventilation frame around the ridge direction long winding shaft, and installing means for rotating and driving the winding shaft;
Between the sheet stopper at the top of the ventilation frame and the sheet stopper at the hem, installing a band that suppresses the winding shaft,
Fixing the end of the plastic sheet covering the roof of the greenhouse to the sheet stopper at the hem, and closing the ridge-side end of the triangular or arched ventilation frame. And
[0015]
The invention according to claim 2 is a method for constructing a roof ventilation device for a greenhouse according to claim 1,
The ventilation frame unit body is closed so that two equal-length unit frames each having a ladder structure in which a plurality of crosspieces are connected in parallel as pins between the vertical members by a pin in parallel with each other around the hinge mechanism at the top, Furthermore, the vertical member and a plurality of cross members are carried into the site in a state of being folded into a rhombus shape. At the site, the two unit frames are deployed again in a ladder shape, opened in a mountain shape at a predetermined angle, and the lower end of the cross member is opened. A long support member is attached in the ridge direction in the vicinity of the part, the support member or the vertical member of the hem portion is crossed with the roof frame of the greenhouse, and the intersection is connected and connected by a connector.
[0016]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the method for constructing a greenhouse roof ventilation device according to the first or second aspect,
Insect protection nets are fastened to the sheet stoppers at the top and hem of the ventilation frame to shield the ventilation openings.
[0017]
The invention according to claim 4 is a method for constructing a roof ventilation device for a greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The vertical members at the top and hem of the ventilation frame are sheet stoppers having a dew-condensation receiving part.
[0018]
The invention according to claim 5 is a method for constructing a roof ventilation device for a greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The ventilation frame unit is partially installed in the ridge direction on the outer surface of the roof of the greenhouse to construct a partial roof ventilation device.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
First, an embodiment of a method for constructing a roof ventilation device for a greenhouse according to the invention described in claims 1 to 4 will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0020]
As shown schematically in FIG. 1, the ventilation frame is rotated by a rotation drive means 7 operated by a worker from the ground with a handle 6 to rotate a winding shaft 8 of a plastic sheet 15 in the forward and reverse directions. 1 is a method of constructing a greenhouse roof ventilation device 10 that moves between the top and bottom sheet stoppers 2a and 2b and opens and closes a ventilation port 9 therebetween.
[0021]
FIG. 2 shows an outline of an embodiment of the ventilation frame unit 1a constituting the ventilation frame 1 and a usage mode thereof.
As is clear from FIG. 3, the ventilation frame unit 1a has the top and bottom sheet stoppers 2a and 2b as vertical members, and a plurality of cross members 2c... And two ladder-structured unit frames 2, 2 connected to the sheet stoppers 2a, 2b by pins 18, respectively, and the two unit frames 2, 2 are assembled in a mountain shape, and the tops thereof are connected by a hinge mechanism. The opening angle θ is configured to be variable. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, a hinge mechanism is formed by aligning the positions of the bolt holes 20 provided in the web at the upper end of the crosspiece 2c using an angle, and connecting the bolts 31 and the nuts 33. I have.
[0022]
In the case of FIG. 3, as the sheet stoppers 2a and 2b at the top and bottom, a type having a series of dew-condensation receiving portions 17 is used in such a manner that the dew-condensing portions 17 face upward. 4), it is movably connected to the crosspiece 2c by a pin 18, so that the ladder-shaped unit frame 2 as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B can be folded into a diamond shape as shown in FIG. 4C. The plastic sheet 15 or 30 is fixed to the groove 19 of the sheet stoppers 2a and 2b, for example, by a corrugated stopper line 25 having a high elasticity as shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, a sheet stopper 2 a ′ having no condensation receiving portion 17 is used as a vertical member at the top of the unit frame 2 on the front side.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 3, the crosspiece 2c is provided with a pipe hole 21 near the lower end of the web, and the support pipe 5 is passed through the pipe hole 21 to be attached in parallel with the sheet stopper 2b at the bottom. Have been.
After raising the ventilation frame unit 1a to the roof of the greenhouse as shown in FIG. 2, the support pipe 5 intersects with the arch material 12, which is the roof frame of the greenhouse, as shown in FIG. The wedge 11a is attached by being strongly connected by a connecting tool 11 of a type that drives the wedge 11a. The wedge-type connecting tool 11 is widely used as a commercial product.
[0024]
Next, the procedure of the construction method will be described.
The unit frame 2 and the ventilation frame unit body 1a are mass-produced in a factory, and as shown in FIG. It is shipped together with accessories and transported to the site. At the site, the unit frames 2 and 2 of the ventilation frame unit 1a are unfolded in a ladder shape as shown in FIG. 4B on the site or roof of the greenhouse, and subsequently, as shown in FIG. It opens in a mountain shape with an opening angle θ, preferably 60 to 90 °. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3, the long supporting pipes 5 are attached to the pipe holes 21 of each bar 2c in the ridge direction of the greenhouse, and the required number of support pipes 5 are sequentially arranged in the ridge direction of the outer surface of the roof of the greenhouse. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the support pipe 5 intersects the arch material 12 of the greenhouse, and the intersection is firmly connected and attached by the wedge-type connecting tool 11 (the invention according to claim 2). .
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 5, an example of the connection between the ventilation frame units 1a, 1a connected in the ridge direction is that the sheet stoppers 2a, 2b, and 2a 'are connected to each other, and the support pipes 5 are connected to each other at their ends. Join. Specifically, the joint between the sheet stoppers 2a and 2b having the dew-condensation receiving portion 17 is performed using a dedicated joint 70 which is practically used as a commercial product, and the sheet stoppers 2a and 2b are connected from both ends of the joint 70. And butt-joined. The joint 70 is provided with a drain groove 71 for removing the dew water received by the dew receiving portion 17, and the dew water flowing down the drain groove 71 is drained to the ground or the like through a hose 80. The joint 70 is a commercially available product and is widely used. The sheet stopper 2a 'having no dew condensation is formed by a joint method in which a male end drawn to a small diameter is inserted into a female groove 19 as described in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-23254. Joined. Similarly, the support pipe 5 is joined by a joint method in which the male end whose tip is drawn to a small diameter is inserted into another hollow portion.
[0026]
After the attachment of the ventilation frame unit 1a to the roof of the greenhouse is completed as described above, as shown in FIG. 1, the upper end of the plastic sheet 30 covering the roof is attached to the sheet stopper 2b at the hem and the top of the top. The sheet stopper 2a is fixed to the sheet stopper 2a using the corrugated stopper 25. However, one end of the plastic sheet 15 covering and closing the ventilation opening 9 is fixed to the groove 19 of the sheet stopper 2a at the top of the ventilation frame 1 by using the stop line 25, and the other end is directed toward the ridge. It winds around the long winding shaft 8. Then, the rotation driving means 7 for rotating the winding shaft 8 is installed. As described in, for example, Japanese Patent No. 2847618, the rotation driving means 7 has a configuration in which the output shaft can be rotated only by the input shaft, and the output shaft is connected to the winding shaft 8 and connected to the input shaft. The crank-shaped handle 6 can be stopped by rotating the crank 6 forward or backward at an arbitrary angle.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 6, when the winding shaft 8 rises to the position of the top sheet stopper 2a while rolling the plastic sheet 15, the ventilation port 9 is fully opened. Conversely, when the winding shaft 8 is lowered while rewinding the plastic sheet 15 and reaches the position of the sheet stopper 2b at the bottom, the ventilation port 9 is fully closed.
FIG. 7 shows an embodiment in which ventilation holes 9 are provided on both sides of the ventilation frame 1 having a mountain shape.
[0028]
Before the plastic sheet 15 of the ventilation opening 9 is fastened, an insect repelling net is previously attached between the sheet stopper 2a at the top of the ventilation frame 1 and the sheet stopper 2b at the hem of the ventilation frame 1 using a stopper line 25. Preferably, the ventilation opening 9 is shielded (the invention according to claim 3). This is to prevent the pests or birds that cause harm to the crop from entering the ventilation port 9 when the ventilation port 9 is fully opened.
[0029]
As shown in FIG. 1, between the sheet stopper 2a at the top of the ventilation frame 1 and the sheet stopper 2b at the hem, a band-shaped holding band 13 is fastened with a moderately strong tension. The stability of the opening and closing operation of the ventilation opening 9 by the shaft 8 is ensured.
As a matter of course, the ridge-side end face of the triangular ventilation frame 1 is finally closed by the plastic sheet 31.
[0030]
Next, FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of a method for constructing a roof ventilation device for a greenhouse according to the invention described in claim 5. In short, the method of constructing a roof ventilation device for a greenhouse according to the present invention is not necessarily limited to the embodiment in which the roof ventilation device 10 is constructed in a continuous manner over the entire length of the greenhouse in the ridge direction. The function and effect of the roof ventilation device 10 can be achieved by installing the ventilation frame unit 1a only in a necessary part in the ridge direction on the outer surface of the greenhouse roof (the invention of claim 5). The construction method does not differ from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 except for the number of ventilation frames 1.
[0031]
FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which the roof ventilation device 10 is constructed in a greenhouse of a multi-story building.
FIG. 10 shows an embodiment in which the construction method according to the present invention is applied to the construction of a roof ventilation device 10 for a joint-type greenhouse. In this case, as shown in FIG. 11, the connection means between the ventilation frame 1 and the sheet stopper 14 which is the roof frame of the jointed greenhouse is connected to the roof 16 of the greenhouse by a connector 16 of a type into which a wedge 16a is driven. It is implemented by connecting the material 14 and the support pipe 5. The wedge-type connecting tool 16 is also widely used as a commercial product.
[0032]
Next, FIG. 12 shows a different embodiment of the mounting structure of the support pipe 5 near the lower end of the crosspiece 2c. The crosspiece 2f shown in FIG. 12 is obtained by partially cutting off the web at the tip end of the crosspiece 2c composed of the angle shown in FIG. 3, bending the flat flange portion into a hook shape, and tightening the fastening bolt 50. And the nut 51 supports the support pipe 5.
[0033]
Further, FIGS. 13A and 13B show a form in which, instead of attaching the support pipe 5 to the vicinity of the lower end of the crosspiece 2e, the sheet stopper 2d is joined using a known hinge 70, and the sheet stopper 2d is driven into the wedge 22a. 1 shows an embodiment in which the connecting member 22 is connected to the arch material 12 of the greenhouse roof. This wedge-type connector 22 is also widely used as a commercial product.
Further, as schematically shown in FIG. 14, the cross section of the roof ventilation apparatus having the cross section of the ventilation frame curved to both outer sides and having an arch shape can be similarly implemented.
[0034]
As described above, according to the method for constructing a greenhouse roof ventilation device according to the present invention, the ventilation frame 1 is assembled using the unit-shaped ventilation frame unit 1a previously assembled into a semi-finished product at the factory. Since the roof ventilation device 10 is constructed, compared to a method of assembling by attaching an aggregate to each arch material (post) of a greenhouse as in the related art, prefabrication is advanced, and workability on site is improved. Excellent, can greatly reduce the construction work.
[0035]
Further, since the components of the roof ventilation device are unitized to enable factory production, it can be implemented at low cost.
Furthermore, a roof ventilation device can be easily constructed with a relatively free layout, not only for a newly built greenhouse, but also for an existing greenhouse that is already in operation.
[0036]
[Effects of the present invention]
According to the method for constructing a roof ventilation device for a greenhouse according to the invention as set forth in claims 1 to 6, the invention is equally applicable to an existing greenhouse as well as a newly built greenhouse, and furthermore, the components of the roof ventilation device are unitized. Since factory production has been enabled, on-site work can be greatly reduced, and it can be carried out easily at low cost.
In addition, a roof ventilation device can be easily constructed with a relatively free layout for an existing greenhouse already in service.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a completed state of a roof ventilation device for a greenhouse constructed according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing a ventilation frame unit used in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing a structure of a ventilation frame unit body used for carrying out the present invention.
FIGS. 4A to 4C are explanatory views conceptually showing a procedure for folding a ventilation frame unit.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view schematically showing the connection between the ventilation frame units.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a mechanism for opening and closing a ventilation port of a roof ventilation device.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory view schematically showing an opening / closing mechanism of a ventilation port in a roof ventilation device having ventilation ports on both sides.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an embodiment in which a roof ventilation device is partially constructed.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an embodiment in which a roof ventilation device is constructed in a greenhouse of a multi-unit building.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an embodiment in which a roof ventilation device is constructed in a joint-type greenhouse using the construction method according to the present invention.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing an example of a connecting tool used for connecting a ventilation frame and a roof frame of a joint-type greenhouse.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing an example of the structure of the lower end portion of the crosspiece.
FIG. 13A is a perspective view showing a different embodiment of the ventilation frame unit. B is a side view of the embodiment shown in A.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment in which a cross section of a roof ventilation device is formed in an arch shape using a ventilation frame unit made of a curved crosspiece.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ventilation frame 1a Ventilation frame unit 2 Unit frame 5 Supporting material (supporting pipe)
9 Ventilation port 7 Rotation drive means 8 Winding shaft 10 Roof ventilation device 13 Band 17 Dew condensation receiving part 12, 14 Roof framing 15, 30 Plastic sheet 2a, 2a ', 2b Sheet stopper 2c, 2e, 2f Beam 11, 16 , 22 coupling tool

Claims (5)

A greenhouse roof that rotates the winding axis of a plastic sheet in the forward and reverse directions by a rotation driving means to move between a sheet stopper at the top of a ventilation frame and a sheet stopper at a hem, and opens and closes a ventilation opening therebetween. A method of building a ventilation device,
The top and bottom sheet stoppers are vertical members, and two equal-length unit frames consisting of a ladder structure with multiple crosspieces connected between them are connected by a hinge mechanism at the top to change the opening angle. The ventilation frame unit body having a triangular or arch shape is arranged in the ridge direction on the outer surface of the roof of the greenhouse, and the support material provided at the hem of the ventilation frame unit is connected to the roof frame of the greenhouse. And attaching it to a substantially triangular or arch-shaped mountain shape with a long and uniform cross section in the ridge direction,
Winding the end of the plastic sheet fastened to the ridge direction long sheet stopper at the top of the ventilation frame around the ridge direction long winding shaft, and installing means for rotating and driving the winding shaft;
Between the sheet stopper at the top of the ventilation frame and the sheet stopper at the hem, installing a band that suppresses the winding shaft,
Fixing the end of the plastic sheet covering the roof of the greenhouse to the sheet stopper at the hem, and closing the ridge-side end of the triangular or arched ventilation frame;
A method for constructing a roof ventilation system for a greenhouse, comprising: The ventilation frame unit body is closed so that two equal-length unit frames each having a ladder structure in which a plurality of crosspieces are connected in parallel as pins between the vertical members by a pin in parallel with each other centering on the hinge mechanism at the top, Further, the vertical member and a plurality of cross members are transported to the site in a state of being folded into a rhombus shape. At the site, the two unit frames are deployed again in a ladder shape, opened in a mountain shape at a predetermined angle, and a lower end of the cross member is formed. 2. A supporting member which is long in the ridge direction in the vicinity of the part, crosses the supporting member or the vertical member of the hem with the roof frame of the greenhouse, and connects the intersection with a connecting tool. The method for constructing a greenhouse roof ventilation system described in the above section. The construction of a roof ventilation system for a greenhouse according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an insect repellent net is fixed to the sheet stopper at the top of the ventilation frame and the sheet stopper at the bottom of the ventilation frame to shield the ventilation opening. Method. The method for constructing a roof ventilation device for a greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vertical members at the top and the hem of the ventilation frame are sheet stoppers having a dew-receiving part. The greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ventilation frame unit is partially installed in the ridge direction on the outer surface of the roof of the greenhouse to construct a partial roof ventilation device. Construction method of roof ventilation equipment.

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