JP2004166585A - Method and facility for growing mushroom basidiocarp - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for sufficiently growing mushroom basidiocarp by favorably irradiating it with illumination, and to provide a facility enabling the method to be favorably realized. <P>SOLUTION: The method for growing the mushroom basidiocarp in an artificial mushroom cultivation comprises carrying out growing the mushroom basidiocarp while moving mushroom cultivation vessels 6, wherein illuminance is varied along a moving path 132. Thus, the mushroom basidiocarp can be grown while moving the mushroom cultivation vessels 6 along the moving path 132 and the time period of high-illumination exposure and that of nonexposure can elapse alternately, thereby enabling the mushroom basidiocarp to be sufficiently grown under favorable illumination. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for growing a mushroom fruit body and a facility for growing a mushroom fruit body employed for growing mushrooms such as shimeji and enokitake using a mushroom cultivation container, for example.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, for example, cultivation of mushrooms in a mushroom cultivation method has been performed in the following steps. That is, first, rice bran and water are mixed with the sawdust of the raw material, and the mixture is stirred to form a culture medium. Next, in order to prevent the occurrence of miscellaneous bacteria, the culture medium (mushroom cultivation container) is sterilized in a sterilizing pot, and after cooling the sterilized culture medium, the culture medium is inoculated with a seed fungus. The mushroom cultivation container inoculated with the inoculum is cultivated in a culture room, and when the hypha is propagated in the culture medium in the mushroom cultivation container, the old inoculum is removed by scraping the fungus.
[0003]
Next, the fruiting body is formed by sprouting in the sprouting chamber, and after leveling in the leveling chamber, the stems and umbrellas of the fruiting body are aligned in the suppression chamber to produce a high-quality fruiting body. Then, in order to prevent the enokiki mushroom mushroom cultivation from hanging out of the container, the container is wrapped with raw paper or the like, and then the stalks are grown and harvested in the growth room. The harvested mushrooms are packaged, packed and shipped. The harvested mushroom cultivation container scrapes out the unnecessary culture medium from the container and reuses it (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-172863 (FIGS. 19 and 20)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, although temperature and humidity are controlled in the growth room, sufficient growth cannot be expected because of no lighting.
[0006]
Therefore, the first invention of the present invention has an object to provide a method for growing a mushroom fruit body capable of performing sufficient growth by suitably illuminating.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a facility for growing a mushroom fruit body that can suitably realize a method for growing a mushroom fruit body.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To summarize the present invention, the first invention of the present invention is a method for growing a mushroom fruit body in artificial cultivation, wherein the growing is performed while moving a mushroom cultivation container, and the illuminance is changed in a moving route. The present invention relates to a method for growing fruit bodies of mushrooms.
[0008]
In the first invention of the present invention, as the growth method, a method of illuminating with a high illuminance on a specific route portion in a moving route is exemplified.
Also, in the first invention of the present invention, lighting is illuminated by lighting means arranged above and on the side.
[0009]
Furthermore, in the first invention of the present invention, the container storing the plurality of mushroom cultivation containers is laid on the upper and lower receiving members of the shelf pallet, so that the movement of the mushroom cultivation container can be moved on the shelf pallet. In the specific route portion, illumination of high illuminance is illuminated by illuminating means arranged by changing the vertical position on both sides.
[0010]
Further, in the first invention of the present invention, it is exemplified that the movement of the mushroom cultivation container is performed by a transport means provided in the growth room.
Therefore, according to the first invention of the present invention, the illuminance can be changed during the growth while moving the mushroom cultivation container on the moving path, for example, the time for applying high-intensity illumination and the time for not applying illumination. Will alternately elapse.
[0011]
A second invention of the present invention is a growth facility for growing mushroom fruit bodies in artificial cultivation, wherein the growth is performed while moving a mushroom cultivation container, and the illuminance is changed in a movement route. The present invention relates to a facility for growing mushroom fruit bodies.
[0012]
In the second invention of the present invention, it is exemplified that an illuminating means for illuminating with high illuminance on a specific route portion in the moving route is provided.
In addition, it is exemplified that illumination means disposed on the upper side and the side is provided.
[0013]
Furthermore, the container storing the plurality of mushroom cultivation containers is arranged on the receiving members of the upper and lower multiple stages on the shelf pallet, so that the movement of the mushroom cultivation container is performed in units of the shelf pallet. In the path portion, it is exemplified that the illuminating means is arranged with the vertical position changed on both sides.
[0014]
Therefore, according to the second invention of the present invention, the method for growing a mushroom fruit body of the first invention of the present invention can be suitably realized.
Further, aspects of the first invention of the present invention will be described below.
[0015]
As an aspect of the first invention of the present invention, the mushroom cultivation medium comprises a preparation zone and a cultivation zone. In the preparation zone, first, a mushroom culture medium is charged into a mushroom cultivation container in a preparation room, and then a mushroom culture medium is sterilized. After that, the inoculation room was inoculated with the inoculum to the mushroom culture medium, and in the cultivation zone, first, the mushroom cultivation container in which the mushroom culture medium was inoculated with the inoculum was put into the culture room, and the inoculum was cultured. Next, the mushroom cultivation container is placed in a fungus scraping room to perform fungal scraping, and then the mushroom cultivation container is placed in a sprouting room for sprouts, and then the mushroom cultivation method is performed in a growing room for growing. The present invention relates to a mushroom cultivation method characterized in that the mushroom cultivation is performed while moving a mushroom cultivation container in a room, and high-intensity illumination is applied to a specific path portion of the moving path.
[0016]
In this embodiment, it is exemplified that the mushroom cultivation container is circulated and moved in the growth room, and high-intensity illumination is illuminated on the specific path portion in the circulating path by the illuminating means disposed above and on the side.
[0017]
Further, in the present aspect, the container containing the plurality of mushroom cultivation containers is placed on the receiving members of the upper and lower stages on the shelf pallet, so that the movement of the mushroom cultivation container is performed in units of the shelf pallet. In the specific route portion, illumination of high illuminance is illuminated by illuminating means arranged with the vertical position changed on both sides.
[0018]
Further, in the present embodiment, the movement of the mushroom cultivation container is exemplified to be carried out by a transport means provided in the growth room.
Further, an aspect of the second aspect of the present invention will be described below.
[0019]
One embodiment of the second invention of the present invention has a preparation zone and a cultivation zone, and in the preparation zone, prepares a mushroom cultivation vessel in a mushroom cultivation container, prepares a mushroom cultivation chamber, and inoculates a mushroom culture medium with a seed fungus. An inoculation room is provided, and the cultivation zone is provided with a culture room for cultivating the inoculum inoculated on the mushroom culture medium, a sprouting room for sprouting, and a growing room for growing. The present invention relates to a mushroom cultivation facility, which is provided with a conveying means for moving a mushroom cultivation container and an illuminating means for illuminating with high illuminance at a specific path portion in a moving path.
[0020]
Further, in the present embodiment, for example, it is exemplified that the growth room is provided with a transport unit for circulating and moving the mushroom cultivation container, and an illuminating unit disposed above and on the side.
[0021]
Further, in this aspect, the container storing the plurality of mushroom cultivation containers is placed on a plurality of upper and lower receiving members on the shelf pallet, thereby moving the mushroom cultivation containers in units of the shelf pallet. However, it is exemplified that the lighting means is arranged in the specific path portion by changing the vertical position on both sides.
[0022]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings as mushrooms, particularly mushrooms and mushrooms, for example, as a state adopted for cultivation of Hatakeshimeji and Bunashimeji, but these illustrate aspects of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to these descriptions.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the cultivation equipment for shimeji mushrooms includes a fungus culture zone 10, a preparation zone 40, and a cultivation zone 60. As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, 6, 7, and 21, the bacterial cultivation zone 10 is largely formed on a first floor B in a structure A such as a side wall, a partition wall, a floor wall, or a ceiling wall. Separately, a bacteria preparation room 11, a buffer room 17, a cooling room 19, and a bacteria inoculation room 22 are formed, and a bacteria culture room 30 is formed from the first floor B to the second floor C.
[0024]
In the fungus preparation chamber 11, the fungal culture medium 2 is charged in the fungal culture vessel 1, and a charging section conveyor 12 forming a feeding line, a mixer 13 for the fungal culture medium 2, and the fungus culture vessel 1 after the fungal culture is completed. A scraping machine 14 for scraping out the unnecessary bacterial culture medium 2, a filling machine 15 for filling (charging) the bacterial culture medium 2 into the bacterial culture vessel 1 on the feeding section conveyor 12, and a washing machine for cleaning the empty bacterial culture vessel 1 16 and the like are provided.
[0025]
The bacterium culture vessel 1 is, for example, in a bottle shape, in which the bacterium culture medium 2 can be inserted, and a gas-permeable cap 1A is detachably provided in the upper end opening. Then, for example, 16 (plural) bacterial culture containers 1 are neatly stored in the container 3 as 4 columns and 4 rows, and are handled in units of the container 3.
[0026]
A sterilizing means (such as a pressurized steam sterilizing pot) 18 for sterilizing the bacterial culture medium 2 packed in the bacterial culture vessel 1 is provided between the bacterial preparation chamber 11 and the buffer chamber 17. I have. The buffer chamber 17 is provided for blocking heat transfer to the cooling chamber 19, and the cooling chamber 19 is provided for cooling the bacterial culture medium 2 and the like heated by the sterilizing means 18. ing.
[0027]
A working room 20 is formed at a location outside the preparation room 11, and an air shower room is provided in a portion of the working room 20. It is designed to enter the fungus inoculation room 22 and the like. In addition, a boiler chamber 21 for generating steam is provided near the germ preparation chamber 11 so that the heat source of the sterilizing means 18 can be supplied.
[0028]
The inoculum inoculation chamber 22 is for inoculating the bacterial culture medium 2 of the bacterial culture vessel 1 placed in the cooling room 19 with the original bacteria 5 contained in the original bacteria storage container 4. And an inoculator 24 for inoculating the original bacteria 5 into the fungus culture vessel 1 on the inoculation part conveyor 23.
[0029]
Here, the inoculator 24 is provided with a support 25 for supporting the original bacteria storage container 4 in the reverse direction, and the inoculum 24 is inserted into the reverse direction of the original bacteria storage container 4 and then rotated to remove the original bacteria 5 on the downward surface. It comprises a scraping body 26 to be scraped off, a shoot body 27 for collecting the scraped original bacteria 5, a shutter 28 for opening and closing the lower end opening of the shoot body 27, and the like.
[0030]
At this time, the original bacteria storage container 4 and the chute body 27 are disposed at four (single or multiple) positions in a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction of the inoculation part conveyor 23, and the container is conveyed by the inoculation part conveyor 23. By being intermittently transported, the original bacteria 5 are dropped and supplied into the four bacterial culture vessels 1 for each row. The inoculator 24 may have a configuration in which the shoot body 27 and the shutter 28 are omitted, and the original bacteria 5 scraped off by the scraper 26 are directly dropped and supplied into the bacterial culture container 1.
[0031]
The germ culture chamber 30 is for cultivating a seed bacterium in the germ culture vessel 1 and is freely communicable with the germ inoculation chamber 22. The bacteria culture room 30 is provided with a three-dimensional shelf 31 so that the bacteria culture container 1 is stored and stored in units of the containers 3. A handling device 32, a shutter device 33, and the like are provided at the entrance and exit of the fungus inoculation room 22 and the fungal culturing room 30. Further, the fungal culturing room 30 is provided between the three-dimensional shelf 31 and the handling device 32. An access means (crane) 34 for transferring the container 3 is provided.
[0032]
The fungus inoculation chamber 22 and the fungal culture chamber 30 are sterilized by, for example, volatilizing formalin and spraying or spraying through a hose or the like. The inoculation and the culture of the inoculum are performed. Further, the portion of the inoculation machine 24 in the fungus inoculation chamber 22 is configured so that the inoculum 5 is inoculated into the fungal culture medium 2 in a clean atmosphere.
[0033]
As shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 4, FIG. 8, and FIG. 21, the charging zone 40 is roughly divided into a part on the first floor B in the building A and a part outside the building A. A chamber 45, a cooling chamber 47, a post-buffer chamber 52, and an inoculation chamber 55 are formed.
[0034]
In the preparation room 41, the mushroom culture medium 7 is charged into the mushroom culture container 6, and the mushroom culture medium 7 is packed into the mushroom culture container 6 on the preparation section conveyor 42 and the preparation section conveyor 42 that form a preparation line. A stuffing machine 43, a stacking machine 44 for trolleys, and the like are provided. The mushroom cultivation containers 6 are 16 (plural) are neatly stored in the container 3 as 4 columns and 4 rows, and are stacked in a plurality of stages on the pallet 9 by the stacking machine 44, so that the unit of the pallet 9 is (See FIG. 8).
[0035]
A sterilizing means (sterilizing pot or the like) 46 for sterilizing the mushroom culture medium 7 packed in the mushroom cultivation container 6 is provided between the preparation chamber 41 and the former buffer chamber 45. The pre-buffer chamber 45 is provided for blocking heat transfer to the cooling chamber 47 side, and the cooling chamber 47 is provided for cooling the mushroom culture medium 7 and the like heated by the sterilizing means 46. ing.
[0036]
A boiler chamber 48 for generating steam is provided near the charging chamber 41, so that a heat source can be supplied to the sterilizing means 46. Further, a mixer 50 for the mushroom culture medium 7 and the like are provided. The rear buffer chamber 52 is provided with a destacker 53 for the containers 3 stacked on the pallet 9.
[0037]
In the inoculation room 55, the mushroom culture medium 7, which is packed in the mushroom cultivation container 6 and then sterilized, is inoculated with the inoculum 5 a taken out of the fungus culture container 1. A first transporting means 56 for handling is provided. That is, the first transfer means 56 is formed by a conveyor device, and the start end of the transfer path reaches the unloading machine 53 of the rear buffer chamber 52. In the middle part, an automatic inoculator 57 for inoculating the mushroom culture medium 7 in the mushroom cultivation vessel 6 with the inoculum 5a taken out of the fungus culture vessel 1 is provided.
[0038]
Here, the inoculation machine 57 also includes an automatic cap opening / closing device. The inoculum 57 is maintained in a clean atmosphere, so that the inoculum 5a is inoculated into the mushroom culture medium 7 in a clean atmosphere.
[0039]
As shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 5, FIG. 8 to FIG. 12, FIG. 17, and FIG. 21, the cultivation zone 60 is roughly divided into a building A, and a loading room 61, A germ scraping chamber 81, a processing chamber 101, and the like are provided. From the first floor B to the second floor C, an initial culture room 71A, a middle culture room 71B, a late culture room 71C, a sprouting room 121, and the like are provided, and a growth room 131 and a harvest room 171 are provided on the second floor C. And so on.
[0040]
In the loading chamber 61 into which the terminal end of the transfer path in the first transfer means 56 protrudes, a stacking machine 62 for stacking containers 3 on the pallet 9 facing the terminal end of the first transfer means 56. Is provided. Here, the stacking machine 62 is configured to stack the containers 3 conveyed by the first conveying means 56 on the pallet 9, stack a predetermined number (predetermined steps), and then supply the stacked pallets to the pallet conveying means 63. Have been. Here, as the pallet conveying means 63, for example, a self-propelled carriage type having a fork device is adopted. In addition, a pallet carry-in conveyor device 64 from the bacteria scraping chamber 81 is provided in the portion of the stacking machine 62.
[0041]
The initial culture room 71A, the middle culture room 71B, and the late culture room 71C store and store the mushroom cultivation containers 6 in units of pallets 9 for culturing the inoculum 5a. Of the shelves 72A, 72B, 72C, and the loading / unloading devices (cranes) 73A, 73B, 73C located between the shelves 72A, 72B, 72C. In other words, a plurality of storage sections 74A, 74B, 74C are formed in the both shelves 72A, 72B, 72C in the up-down direction and the left-right direction, and the storage sections 74A, 74B, 74C respectively store the pallets 9 freely. It is configured.
[0042]
A handling device 75A, 75B, 75C is provided between each of the culture chambers 71A, 71B, 71C and the carry-in chamber 61, so that the handling devices 75A, 75B, 75C and the pallet transfer means 63 are connected to each other. The pallet 9 can be transferred between them. Here, in the initial culture room 71A, the pallet 9 can be transferred to the unloading device 75A by the loading / unloading device 73A, but in the middle-stage culture room 71B and the late-stage culture room 71C, the loading / unloading devices 73B and 73C are moved between the passages. The pallets 9 can be transferred to the unloading devices 75B and 75C by the loading and unloading devices 73B and 73C transferred to the traversers 76B and 76C.
[0043]
The germ scraping chamber 81 is provided with a second transport means 85 in addition to the pallet carry-in conveyor device 64. The start end of the pallet carry-in conveyor device 64 is opposed to a pallet transfer device 65 configured to be able to transfer the pallet 9 to and from the pallet transport means 63. The pallet carry-in conveyor device 64 includes a leveling machine 82 for leveling containers 3 stacked on the pallet 9, an air cleaning machine 83 for cleaning the empty pallet 9, And a stacking machine 84 for stacking the pallets 9.
[0044]
Here, the unstacker 82 removes the container 3 from the pallet 9 taken out of the pallet carry-in conveyor device 64 via the pallet transfer means 63 or the pallet transfer device 65 after the culturing period in the late culture chamber 71C. After being separated, it is configured to be supplied to the second transport means 85.
[0045]
The second transporting means 85 is formed by a conveyor device. In the middle part thereof, a cap removing device 86 for automatically removing the cap 6A from the mushroom cultivation container 6 and a device for scraping bacteria in the mushroom cultivation container 6 are provided. A fungus scraping machine 87 and a reversing machine 96 for reversing the mushroom cultivation container group 6 are provided.
[0046]
The fungus scraper 87 is provided with a support 88 that supports the mushroom cultivation container 6 in the opposite direction, and is inserted into the mushroom cultivation container 6 in the opposite direction and then rotated to rotate the mushroom cultivation medium 7 on the lower surface thereof. It is constituted by a scraping body 89 for scraping (removing) the inoculum 5a. At this time, the bacteria scraping is performed such that four containers are simultaneously carried out for each row by intermittently transporting the container 3.
[0047]
The reversing machine 96 is for reversing the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6, and first, as shown in FIG. 12A, the container 3 which is opposite to the mouth 6 a of the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 from above. By supplying, the container 3 is located above and below the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6. Then, in the state of being lifted from the second transport means 85 before and after this, as shown in FIG. 12B, the upper and lower containers 3 are rotated (reversed) by 180 degrees so that they are exchanged. After being unloaded, the upper container 3 is removed.
[0048]
In the processing chamber 101, a third transfer means 102 is provided in addition to the second transfer means 85. A shelf device 103 is provided at the end of the second transport means 85, and a shelving device 104 is provided at the start end of the third transport means 102 alongside the shelf device 103. Further, a shelf pallet conveying means 105 is provided between the shelving device 103 and the shelving device 104 between the sides and outside.
[0049]
As shown in FIG. 17, the shelf pallet 111 includes a base body 112, a vertical member 113 erected from four corners of the base body 112, and receiving members 114 connected between the vertical members 113 and provided in a plurality of upper and lower stages. It is configured in a framework shape. The receiving member 114 is preferably of a round bar parallel type, a mesh type, a perforated plate type or the like in consideration of air permeability and the like.
[0050]
As shown in FIG. 5, the shelf insertion device 103 sequentially stores the containers 3 transported by the second transporting means 85, that is, the containers 3 that store the mushroom cultivation containers 6 in a reverse orientation, on a shelf pallet. It is configured to be inserted and supplied onto the base body 112 and the receiving member 114. The shelving device 104 is configured to sequentially take out the containers 3 supported on the base body 112 and the receiving member 114 of the shelf pallet 111 and transfer the containers 3 to the third transport means 102. The shelf pallet transport means 105 is configured to be able to transfer the shelf pallet 111 to and from the shelf insertion device 103 and the shelf device 104.
[0051]
The third conveying means 102 is formed by a conveyor device, and in the middle part thereof, a forward rotating machine 107 for turning the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 in the opposite direction to the positive direction, and a harvesting ring in which the harvest ring 91 is attached to the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6. A ring mounting machine 108 is provided.
[0052]
The forward rotating machine 107 rotates the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 forward, and first, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 12C, the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 stored in the opposite direction to the container 3 side. The container 3 is supplied from above to the bottom group and is fitted into the bottom group from above as shown by the phantom line in FIG. Then, while being lifted from the third transport means 102 before and after this, the upper and lower containers 3 are rotated 180 degrees (forward rotation) so that they are interchanged, and then lowered to the third transport means 102, and then the upper container 3 is removed. It is configured to
[0053]
As shown in FIG. 17, the harvesting ring 91 includes a lower cylindrical portion 92 having a larger diameter as it goes upward, a contact portion 93 provided continuously from the upper end of the lower cylindrical portion 92, and a contact portion 93. Are integrally formed in a state having an upper tubular portion 94 and the like which are provided outward from the upper end of the upper cylindrical portion and have a larger diameter as the upper position.
[0054]
The harvesting ring attaching machine 108 attaches the harvesting ring 91 to the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 that have been rotated forward and stored in the container 3 in the forward direction. The harvesting ring 91 group is configured to be attached to the mushroom cultivation container 6 group by inserting the contact portion 93 into contact with the mouth 6a by being inserted into the mouth 6a group of the mushroom cultivation container 6 from above. . Note that a vertical transport unit 109 is provided to face the end of the third transport unit 102, and the vertical transport unit 109 reaches the second floor C.
[0055]
As shown in FIGS. 2, 5, and 11, the sprouting chamber 121 performs sprouting by storing and storing the container 3 containing the inverted mushroom cultivation container 6 in units of a shelf pallet 111. And a plurality of left and right shelves 122 capable of freely storing the shelf pallets 111, and a loading / unloading device (crane) 124 located between the shelves 122. A plurality of storage sections 123 are formed in the both shelves 122 in the up-down direction and the left-right direction, and each storage section 123 is configured to be able to store the shelf pallet 111 freely.
[0056]
A humidifier and a unit cooler (both not shown) are provided on the ceiling of the sprouting chamber 121. In addition, a lighting device (not shown) that shines light on the mushroom cultivation container group 6 from a predetermined direction is provided on a side wall portion of the sprouting chamber 121.
[0057]
On the processing chamber 101 side of the sprouting chamber 121, an isolation chamber 126 is formed via a shutter device (moisture-proof door) 125. The isolation chamber 126 is formed to have a size in which the loading / unloading device 124 can stand by, and a shelf pallet handling device 127 is provided in which the loading / unloading device 124 and the shelf pallet conveying means 105 can freely transfer the shelf pallet 111. ing.
[0058]
As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 13 to 16, a fourth transport unit 129 having one end facing the vertical transport unit 109 is provided outside the growth chamber 131. Here, the fourth transport means 129 is configured by arranging a conveyor device that can be driven forward and backward in two stages, upper and lower. At this time, the upper stage is used for the transport unit 129A for entry and the lower stage is used for the transport unit 129B for exit.
[0059]
The growth room 131 is divided (partitioned) into 12 chambers (a plurality of chambers) by a chamber forming wall D. Most of these chambers are formed in the growth room 131a, and some are formed in the growth return room 131b.
[0060]
In each of the growth chamber portions 131a of the growth chamber 131, a circulating transport means (an example of a moving path) 132 having a rectangular shape in plan view (in order to perform growth while moving the mushroom cultivation container 6). An example of transport means 133 is provided. The circulating transport means 133 supports the same shelf pallet 111 as that used in the sprouting chamber 121 or the like in a dense train shape so that it is intermittently (or continuously) circulated and transported in the circulation path 132. It is configured.
[0061]
At this time, the container 3 containing the plurality of mushroom cultivation containers 6 is placed on the upper and lower receiving members 114 and the base body 112 on the shelf pallet 111, so that the movement of the mushroom cultivation containers 6 is controlled by the shelf. It is configured to be performed on a pallet 111 basis.
[0062]
In other words, the circulating conveyance means 133 includes a conveyance conveyor (a roller conveyor, a chain conveyor, or the like) 134 that forms a pair of parallel linear paths, and a transfer between the start and end of the conveyance conveyor 134 and the start and end of the conveyance conveyor 134. It comprises a delivery device 135 for delivering the shelf pallet 111 to and from the means 151. Here, the delivery device 135 employs a trolley (traverser) configuration having a transfer function.
[0063]
In a pair of parallel linear paths in the circulation path 132, a certain length portion on the fourth transporting means 129 side and a certain length portion in the middle are made into a specific route portion 132a, and the remaining portion is non-specific. The specific route portion 132b is provided. Then, in each of the specific path portions 132a in the growth room section 131a, the mushroom cultivation container 6 is configured to illuminate the mushroom cultivation container 6 with high illuminance by illuminating means arranged on the upper side and the side. Here, the illuminance of the specific path portion 132a is 20 to 3000 lux, preferably 200 to 2000 lux, and particularly preferably 500 to 1000 lux.
[0064]
That is, fluorescent lamps (an example of lighting means) 136A, 136B, 136C for applying light (illumination) to the group of mushroom cultivation containers 1 from a predetermined direction are provided above and on both sides of the specific path portion 132a. The fluorescent lamps 136A, 136B, 136C are supported on the chamber forming wall D or the like by the attachment member 137 or the like.
[0065]
Here, the fluorescent lamps 136A, 136B, and 136C correspond to the dense number (for example, six) of the shelf pallets 111 in each specific path portion 132a, and each of the fluorescent lamps 136A, 136B, and 136C has a specific path portion at a plurality of positions (six). It is arranged sideways along 132a.
[0066]
At this time, for example, when the number of storage tiers of the shelf pallet 111 is seven, the outer fluorescent lamps 136A are arranged at three upper and lower positions corresponding to the second, fourth, and sixth tiers. The fluorescent lamps 136B are disposed at three upper and lower positions corresponding to the third, fifth, and seventh stages. That is, the specific path portion 132a is configured to illuminate with high illuminance by the fluorescent lamps 136A and 136B that are arranged with the vertical position changed on both sides. The upper fluorescent lamp 136C is provided at one location corresponding to the center of the first stage.
[0067]
A humidifier (an example of a humidifying unit) 138 and a unit cooler (an example of an air-conditioning unit) 139 are provided on the ceiling side of the growing room 131a. At this time, the humidifiers 138 and the unit coolers 139 are alternately arranged at predetermined intervals above the circulation path 132.
[0068]
In the growth return room 131b of the growth room 131, a fixed shelf device 140 and a carry-in / out conveyor device 141 are provided. A humidifier, a unit cooler, and a lighting device (all not shown) are provided at predetermined positions in the growth return room 131b, as in the above-described growth room 131a.
[0069]
In the chamber forming wall body D, a chamber entrance / exit 145 is formed in a portion of the fourth transport unit 129 facing the delivery device 135 and the carry-in / out conveyor device 141, and the room entrance / exit 145 is formed by a heat insulating door 146. It can be opened and closed freely.
[0070]
A transfer means 151 is provided at the chamber entrance 145 so as to be able to face from the outside. The transfer means 151 is a circulating / conveying means 133 of each growth room 131a and a carry-in / out conveyor device 141 for the growth return room 131b. And the shelf pallet 111 can be transferred between them. Further, relay transfer means 130 are provided so that the transfer means 151 can be opposed to the chamber entrance 145 from outside with the transfer means 151 in between. In these relay transport means 130, a warehouse relay unit 130A having a right angle branch from the warehouse transport unit 129A and a warehouse relay unit 130B merging at right angles with the warehouse transport unit 129B are disposed vertically. It is composed of
[0071]
The transfer means 151 is of a trolley type, and two (single or plural) are supported and guided by the floor-side rail 150, so that each of them automatically travels along the transport path of the fourth transport means 129. It is provided as possible. That is, the transfer means 151 is provided with a traveling wheel 153 at a lower portion of its main body 152, and at a central portion on the main body 152, a receiving base 154 capable of supporting the shelf pallet 111 is provided. A fork device 155 is provided which can transfer the shelf pallet 111 between the transfer device 154 and the transfer device 135.
[0072]
With the fork device 155 and the like inside, a shelving device 156 and a shelving device 160 are arranged before and after the fork device 155. That is, the shelving device 156 is composed of a guide body 157 erected from the main body 152, an elevating platform 158 supported and guided by the guide body 157, and a pushing body 159 provided on the elevating platform 158. I have. Then, the shelving device 156 receives the container 3 transported by the storage transport unit 129A of the fourth transport unit 129 on the elevator 158 via the storage relay unit 130A of the relay transport unit 130, and moves the container 3 up and down. The table is inserted and supplied to the shelf pallet 111 by the raising and lowering movement of the table 158 and the pushing movement of the pushing body 159.
[0073]
The shelving device 160 includes a guide body 161 erected from the main body 152, an elevating platform 162 supported and guided by the guide body 161, an extruding body 163 provided on the elevating platform 162, and the like. I have. The shelving device 160 is configured to extrude the container 3 supported on the shelf pallet 111 toward the elevating platform 158 of the shelf storage device 156 by the elevating movement of the elevating platform 162 and the extruding motion of the extruding body 163. Have been.
[0074]
Here, the shelving device 156 is also used for delivery, and is configured to transfer the pushed-out container 3 to the delivery relay section 130B of the relay transport means 130. The upper ends of the guides 157 and 161 are connected by an upper frame 164.
[0075]
The harvesting room 171 is configured to receive the container 3 (mushroom cultivation container 6) transported from the growing room 131 side by the delivery transporting unit 129B of the fourth transporting means 129. In the harvesting room 171, Hatakeshimeji (mushroom) M grown using the mushroom cultivation container 6 is cut off from the mushroom cultivation container 6, and the weighing, packaging, packing, and the like of the Hatakeshimeji mushroom M are performed. Is done.
[0076]
That is, the harvesting chamber 171 is provided with a fifth transport unit 172 that is connected to the delivery transport unit 129B of the fourth transport unit 129 and that can be driven forward and reverse. The fifth transport unit 172 is provided in a branched form. A mowing portion (manual harvesting portion) 174 is provided at a portion of the large number of sixth transporting means 173. A weighing unit 176 and a packaging unit 177 are provided in a portion of the harvesting / transporting unit 175 from a portion of the cutting unit 174. Note that the packaging unit 177 is configured to automatically (or manually) package the weighed Hatake Shimeji M. Further, a packing unit 178 is provided below the packing unit 177, and the packing unit 178 is configured to be automatically packed (packed) by a package or a robot.
[0077]
A post-processing chamber 181 is provided adjacent to the harvesting chamber 171. In the post-processing chamber 181, an end portion of a seventh transport unit 182 connected to the fifth transport unit 172 is located. The post-processing chamber 181 is provided with a scraping machine 183 for scraping the unnecessary mushroom culture medium 7 from the mushroom cultivation container 6 from which the Hatake mushroom M has been cut, and an air cleaning machine 184 for washing the container 3 and the like.
[0078]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a material storage room 185 is provided adjacent to the post-processing room 181, and the material storage room 185 is formed from the first floor B to the second floor C. The material storage room 185 is provided with, for example, a storage means 186 of an automatic warehouse type so that the washed container 3 and the mushroom cultivation container 6 can be stored. A vertical transport means 190 is provided facing the packing section 178, and the vertical transport means 190 is connected to a shipping conveyor device 192 provided at a shipping place 191 on the first floor B.
[0079]
The necessary rooms such as the culture rooms 71A to 71C, the sprouting room 121, and the growing room 131 are ventilated, and the temperature, humidity, and number of days (hours) vary depending on the culture of the inoculum 5a and the cultivation of Hatakeshimeji M. Is managed.
[0080]
The operation of the above embodiment will be described below.
First, the operation in the bacteria culturing zone 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 4, 6, 7, and 21. FIG.
[0081]
In the germ preparation room 11, the bacterium culture medium 2 mixed by the mixer 13 is charged into the bacterium culture vessel 1 which is housed in the container 3 and is on the preparation section conveyor 12, and the cap 1A is put on the bacterium culture vessel 1. (See FIG. 6). The fungus culture vessel 1 is passed through a sterilizing means 18 to heat and sterilize the fungus culture medium 2, and then cooled (cooled) in a cooling room 19.
[0082]
Next, the bacterial culture container 1 is carried into the bacterial inoculation room 22 in the unit of the container 3 and is transferred to the inoculation part conveyor 23. Here, the original bacteria storage container 4 is prepared in the bacteria inoculation room 22, and as shown in FIG. 7, the original bacteria storage container 4 is supported by the 27. Further, the mouth of the group of bacterial culture containers 1 with the cap 1A removed is opposed to the opening of the group of shoots 27 from below.
[0083]
As described above, before and after positioning the group of bacterial culture containers, the scraping body 26 is rotated after the scraping body 26 is inserted into the reverse direction of the original bacterial storage container 4 and is scraped, thereby the original bacteria 5 on the downward surface are scraped off. The scraped bacteria 5 are collected in the shoot body 27. Then, the shutter 28 is opened in a state where a predetermined amount of scraping is performed and the group of bacterial culture containers 1 is opposed to each other from below. As a result, the original bacteria 5 in the shoot body 27 are dropped and supplied into the bacterial culture container 1 through the lower end opening, and the desired inoculation is performed.
[0084]
At this time, the inoculum 5 is inoculated in a state where the inside of the inoculation chamber 22 is sterilized and the inoculation machine 24 is in a clean atmosphere. Further, the worker passes through the work room 20 equipped with an air shower, so that the bacteria enter the fungus inoculation room 22 in a clean state. Without any problem, it can always be performed favorably.
[0085]
In this way, the cap 1A is put on the fungal culture vessel 1 in which the fungal culture 5 has been inoculated into the fungal culture medium 2. Next, the bacterial culture container 1 is carried into the bacterial culture room 30 in units of the container 3 and stored and stored on the three-dimensional shelf 31. Then, the bacteria are cultured from the original bacteria 5 in the bacteria culture container 1 in the bacteria culture chamber 30 where the temperature and humidity are controlled. At this time, the cultivation of the bacterium can always be suitably performed without the entry of various germs since the bacterium culturing chamber 30 is sterilized.
[0086]
The fungus culture vessel 1 in which the fungus was cultured in this manner is taken out of the fungus culture chamber 30 into the fungus inoculation chamber 22, and is carried into the inoculation chamber 55, where the cultured fungus is used as the inoculum 5a for mushroom cultivation. Used.
[0087]
Next, the operation in the charging zone 40 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 4, 8, and 21. FIG.
In the preparation room 41, the mushroom culture medium 7 mixed by the mixer 50 is charged into the mushroom culture container 6 stored in the container 3 and located on the preparation section conveyor 42, and the cap 6A is put on the mushroom culture container 6. . The container 3 containing the mushroom cultivation container 6 is stacked on a pallet in a stacking machine 44 (see FIG. 8), passed through a sterilizing means 46, and the mushroom culture medium 7 is heated and sterilized. At 47, it is cooled (cooled).
[0088]
Next, the mushroom cultivation container 6 is separated by the destacker 53 in the latter buffer chamber 52, passed to the first transport means 56 in the unit of the container 3, and carried into the inoculation chamber 55. Here, the fungus culture container 1 is carried into the inoculation room 55.
[0089]
Then, in the inoculator 57, first, the cap 6A is simultaneously removed (opened) from each mushroom cultivation container 6, and then the inoculum 5a in the fungus culture container 1 is inoculated into the mushroom culture medium 7 of each mushroom cultivation container 6. Then, the cap 6A is simultaneously covered (capped) on each mushroom cultivation container 6. Then, the container 3 is carried out of the inoculation room 55 by the first transport means 56 and is carried into the carry-in room 61.
[0090]
Next, the operation in the cultivation zone 60 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, 5, 8 to 18, and 21.
The containers 3 carried into the carry-in chamber 61 are stacked in a predetermined number of stages on the pallets 9 carried in from the pallet carry-in conveyor device 64 by the palletizer action of the stacking machine 62 (see FIG. 8). This allows the group of containers 3 to be handled in units of pallets 9. Next, the pallet 9 is carried into the initial culture chamber 71A via the pallet conveying means 63 and the handling device 75A, and is stored in the target storage section 74A of the shelf device 72A by the loading / unloading operation of the loading / unloading device 74A.
[0091]
In this way, a large number of mushroom cultivation containers 6 are stored in the shelf device 72A of the initial culture room 71A in units of pallets 9, and the temperature is 21 to 25 ° C., the humidity is 60 to 80%, and the carbon dioxide concentration is, for example. It is cultured for about 14 days in an environment of about 3000 ppm and a clean degree of class 1000. By culturing under the above conditions, mycelia are initially propagated in the mushroom culture medium 7.
[0092]
Next, the pallet 9 is taken out of the initial culture chamber 71A via the loading / unloading device 74A and the handling device 75A, and then is carried into the middle-stage culture room 71B via the pallet conveying means 63 and the handling device 75B. Then, the data is stored in the target storage unit 74B of the shelf device 72B by the operation of the traverser 76B and the operation of inserting and removing the storage device 74B.
[0093]
In this way, a large number of mushroom cultivation containers 6 are stored in the shelf device 72B of the medium-term culture room 71B in units of pallets 9, and the temperature is, for example, 18 to 21 ° C., the humidity is 60 to 80%, and the carbon dioxide gas concentration is It is cultured for about 35 to 45 days under an environment of about 3000 ppm. By culturing under the above conditions, the mycelium is propagated in the mushroom culture medium 7 in the middle stage.
[0094]
Next, the pallet 9 is taken out of the middle-stage culture room 71B via the loading / unloading device 74B, the cargo handling device 75B, and the like, and then is carried into the late-stage culture room 71C via the pallet transport means 63 and the cargo handling device 75C. Then, the data is stored in the target storage unit 74C of the shelf device 72C by the operation of the traverser 76C and the operation of inserting and removing the storage device 74C.
[0095]
In this way, a large number of mushroom cultivation containers 6 are stored in units of pallets 9 in the shelf device 72C of the late culture room 71C, and for example, the temperature is 21 to 25 ° C, the humidity is 60 to 80%, and the carbon dioxide gas concentration is Cultured for about 37 days in an environment of about 3000 ppm. By culturing under the above conditions, the mycelium is propagated late in the mushroom culture medium 7.
[0096]
After the mushroom cultivation container 7, that is, the container 3, for which the intended culture period has been completed in this way, is taken out of the late culture chamber 71 C via the loading / unloading device 74 C and the unloading device 75 C, and then the pallet transport means 63 and the pallet It is taken out to the bacteria scraping chamber 81 via the transfer device 65.
[0097]
The container 3 taken out of the bacteria scraping chamber 81 is separated from the pallet 9 by the depalletizing action of the separating device 82, and is supplied to the starting end of the second transport means 85. The empty pallets 9 are conveyed by the pallet carry-in conveyor device 64, are washed by the air washer 83 during that time, are stacked by the stacker 62 by a predetermined number, and then are moved to the carry-in chamber 61 side. Will be returned.
[0098]
The container 3 on the second transport means 85 is transported, stopped against the cap removing machine 86, and the cap 6A is simultaneously removed from each mushroom cultivation container 6. Next, the container 3 is stopped facing the fungus scraper 87. In this fungus scraper 87, the mushroom cultivation container 6 is supported in the opposite direction by the support body 88, and in this state, the scraping body 89 is inserted into the mushroom cultivation container 6 in the opposite direction, and is rotated by being pushed into the opposite position. Bacteria are scraped into each mushroom cultivation container 6 to remove old seed bacteria 5a on the downward surface of the mushroom culture medium 7 (see FIG. 9).
[0099]
In this way, the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 that have been scraped and stored in the container 3 in the forward direction are transported in units of the container 3 on the second transport means 85 and face the reversing machine 96. Stopped.
[0100]
In the reversing machine 96, first, the container 3 in the opposite direction to the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 is supplied from above, so that the container 3 is placed above and below the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 as shown in FIG. 3 is located. Next, while being lifted from the second transport means 85, the container 3 is rotated (reversed) by 180 degrees so that the upper and lower containers 3 are interchanged, and is lowered onto the second transport means 85, and then shown in FIG. Thus, the upper container 3 is removed.
[0101]
Next, the container 3 is transported to the processing chamber 101 by the second transport means 85 and stopped facing the shelf insertion device 103. In the shelf insertion device 103, first, the containers 3, that is, the containers 3 in which the mushroom cultivation containers 6 are stored in the opposite direction, are sequentially inserted and supplied onto the base body 112 and the receiving member 114 of the shelf pallet 111. . Then, after the shelf pallet 111 is carried into the isolation chamber 126 via the shelf pallet transport means 105 and the shelf pallet handling device 127, the target storage portion 123 in the shelf device 122 in the sprout chamber 121 is moved by the loading / unloading device 124. Is stored in
[0102]
In this way, a large number of mushroom cultivation containers 6 are stored in the shelf device 122 in the sprouting chamber 121 in units of the shelf pallets 111, and the temperature is, for example, 10 to 20 ° C, preferably 15 to 17 ° C, and the humidity is 95%. %, A carbon dioxide concentration of 500 ppm to 5000 ppm, preferably 1000 ppm to 3000 ppm, and an illuminance of about 50 lux for about 7 to 15 days. By storage under the above conditions, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 12 (c), Hatakeshimeji M is sprout from the mushroom culture medium 7 (growth of small body). At that time, the temperature is controlled by a unit cooler, the humidity is controlled by a humidifier, and the illuminance is controlled by a lighting device.
[0103]
During storage of the shelf pallets 111 in units of the shelf pallets 111, the shelf pallets 111 are exchanged between the storage sections 123 by the operation of the loading / unloading device 124. This replacement operation is performed based on the set date and time, for example, between the upper storage section 123 and the lower storage section 123, between the storage sections 123 in the left-right direction, or a combination direction thereof. Swapping of Hatakeshimeji M is performed in a uniform manner as replacement corresponding to environmental differences.
[0104]
As described above, by germinating Hatakeshimeji M in an environment where the humidity is 95% or more, the germination can be efficiently performed by increasing the growth rate. At that time, in the sprouting chamber 121, since the mushroom cultivation container 6 is sprouted in the reverse direction, even if moisture enters the mushroom cultivation container 6 due to high humidity, the water enters the mushroom cultivation container 6 from the downward opening 6a. Therefore, water droplets hardly adhere to the mushroom culture medium 7 and water is not immersed. That is, it is possible to prevent water from entering the mushroom culture medium 7 while keeping the sprouting chamber 121 in a high humidity environment.
[0105]
As a result, the high humidity does not adversely affect the emergence of Hatakeshimeji M. In particular, in the case of Hatakeshimeji M, sprouting in a high-humidity environment is suitable. For example, sprouting can be suitably performed in a high-humidity environment where the humidity exceeds 100% (see JP-A-10-178890).
[0106]
Note that the environment in the sprouting chamber 121 is easily managed by closing the shutter device 125, and the in-out device 124 is made to stand by in the isolation room 126, so that the adverse effect due to high humidity or the like hardly occurs. .
[0107]
After the predetermined sprouting has been performed as described above, the shelf pallet 111 is carried out to the processing chamber 101 via the loading / unloading device 124 and the shelf pallet separating device 127, and then the shelf pallet 111 is transported to the shelf pallet via the shelf pallet conveying means 105 or the like. It is opposed to the delivery device 104. In the shelving device 104, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 12C, the containers 3 in which the mushroom cultivation containers 6 are stored in the opposite direction are sequentially placed on the base body 112 of the shelf pallet 111 and the receiving member. It is taken out from above 114 and transferred to the third transport means 102.
[0108]
Then, the container 3 is transported by the third transporting means 102 and is stopped facing the forward rotation machine 107. In the forward rotation machine 107, as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 12C, the container 3 in the opposite direction is supplied from above to the bottom group of the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 stored in the opposite direction. As a result, the container 3 is fitted into the bottom group from above. Next, while being lifted from the third transport means 102, the upper and lower containers 3 are rotated by 180 degrees (forward rotation) so that they are interchanged, and after being lowered by the third transport means 102, the upper container 3 is removed. .
[0109]
As described above, the mushroom cultivation container 6 from which the sprout has been made is set in the container 3 after being turned forward in the forward rotation machine 107, and can be returned to the desired posture suitable for growth. .
[0110]
Next, the container 3 is transported to the processing chamber 101 by the third transporting means 102 and is stopped facing the harvesting ring mounting machine 108. In this harvesting ring mounting machine 108, as shown in FIG. 17, the lower cylindrical portion of the harvesting ring 91 is closed with respect to the opening 66a of the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 that have been rotated forward and stored in the container 3 in the forward direction. The harvesting ring 91 group is attached to the mushroom cultivation container 6 group by inserting the 92 from above and bringing the contact portion 93 into contact with the mouth 6a.
[0111]
Then, the container 3 is transferred from the terminal end of the third transport means 102 to the vertical transport means 109, and is transported to the second floor C by the vertical transport means 109. As shown in FIG. 3, the container 3 transported to the second floor C is transported by the upper loading transport unit 129A of the fourth transport unit 129 and faces the target growth room 131a of the growth room 131. And stopped.
[0112]
Before and after this, the transfer means 151 is stopped facing the intended growth room 131a, and the receiving shelf 154 of the transfer means 151 supports an empty shelf pallet 111. Then, the shelving device 156 of the transfer means 151 is operated, and the containers 3 conveyed by the storage conveyance unit 129A are sequentially inserted (shelf-inserted) into the shelf pallet 111 side.
[0113]
That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 13 to 16, the container 3 transported by the storage transport unit 129A is first sent onto the storage relay unit 130A of the relay transport unit 130, and the storage relay unit 130A. Stored on top. At that time, storage is performed in a form of being inserted into the shelf pallet 111 side, and here, a total of six storages in two columns and three rows are in a storage form.
[0114]
At this time, in the shelving device 156, the elevating table 158 is raised and lowered, and the level is adjusted to the intermediary unit 130A for storage. Then, the container 3 group on the storage relay unit 130 </ b> A is moved to the lifting platform 158. Next, the elevating table 158 is raised and lowered, and the level is adjusted to the target receiving member 114 or the base body 112 on the shelf pallet 111. When the pushing body 159 is pushed in this state, the containers 3 on the elevating table 158 are inserted and supplied to the target receiving member 114 or the base body 112 on the shelf pallet 111 side.
[0115]
By repeating such insertion work, in the state where the insertion of the group of containers 3 into the receiving members 114 of the shelf pallet 111 and the base body 112 has been completed, first, the heat insulating door 146 is opened and the room entrance 145 is opened. Next, the fork device 155 of the transfer means 151 is operated, and the actual shelf pallet 111 on the receiving table 154 is transferred to the transfer device 135, and is stored. Then, the actual shelf pallet 111 on the delivery device 135 is delivered to the beginning of the first specific path portion 132a.
[0116]
As a result, the empty delivery device 135 receives the actual shelf pallet 111 that is located at the end of the last specific path portion 132a and that supports the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 in which the hatake mushrooms M have been grown. Then, the actual shelf pallet 111 on the transfer device 135 is transferred to the receiving table 154 and discharged by the operation of the fork device 155 of the transfer means 151, after which the heat insulating door 146 is closed and the room entrance 145 is opened. Is closed.
[0117]
Next, the elevating platform 162 of the shelving device 160 and the elevating platform 158 of the shelving device 156 are moved up and down to adjust the level to the target receiving member 114 or the base body 112 on the shelf pallet 111. In this state, when the extruding body 163 is extruded and moved, the group of containers 3 on the target receiving member 114 on the shelf pallet 111 side or on the base body 112 is extruded and supplied onto the elevating table 158 of the shelving device 156. .
[0118]
Then, the elevating table 158 of the shelving device 156 is moved up and down to adjust the level to the outgoing relay unit 130B. Next, the group of containers 3 on the elevating platform 158 is moved onto the exit relay section 130B, and further moved from the exit relay section 130B to the exit transport section 129B and transported. By repeating the pushing operation, the group of containers 114 from the receiving member 114 of the shelf pallet 111 and the group of containers 3 from the base body 112 are finished, the shelf pallet 111 becomes empty, and is used for the first warehousing operation.
[0119]
By performing the above-mentioned leaving work and receiving work alternately and continuously, in one growth room 131a, six groups of mushroom cultivation containers in which Hatake Shimeji M has been grown and mushroom cultivation containers in which sprout has been sprouted. Swapping with 6 groups is performed.
[0120]
As described above, after the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 has been replaced, the group of actual shelves pallets 111 in the growth room 141a is circulated and conveyed in a dense train on the circulation path 132 by the circulating conveyance means 133. Have been kept. Then, the shimeji M is grown in the mushroom cultivation container 6 while being stored in the growth room 131a.
[0121]
That is, in the growth room 131a, for example, the temperature is 10 to 17 ° C., the humidity is 95% or more, the carbon dioxide concentration is about 1000 ppm, and the illuminance is 20 to 3000 lux, preferably 200 to 2000 lux, and particularly preferably 500 lux. The environment is set to ~ 1000 lux, and by storing in such an environment for about 15 days, Hatakeshimeji M can be grown. At this time, the temperature is controlled by the unit cooler 139, and the humidity is controlled by the humidifier 138.
[0122]
The illuminance is managed by fluorescent lamps 136A, 136B, 136C provided above and on both sides of the specific path portion 132a. At that time, in the cyclic conveyance, the six shelf pallets 111 stopped at the first specific path portion 132a are moved to the first non-specific path portion 132b after a predetermined time (for example, one hour) has elapsed, and After a predetermined time has elapsed, the process is moved to the next specific route portion 132a. That is, the six shelf pallets 111 are intermittently circulated and transported in the circulation path 132 as a group.
[0123]
As a result, the time during which high-intensity illumination is applied by the fluorescent lamps 136A, 136B, and 136C and the time during which no illumination is applied alternately elapse, so that the Hatakeshimeji M stretches the stem and removes the shade. It can grow suitably so as to be large. Further, in the specific path portion 132a, irradiation (illumination) is performed by the fluorescent lamps 136A, 136B, and 136C arranged on the upper side and the side, so that the container 3 group can be put in and out of the shelf pallet 111 without any irradiating means. It can be done without being done.
[0124]
In the specific path portion 132a, the fluorescent lamps 136A and 136B arranged with the upper and lower positions changed on both sides are illuminated with high illuminance. Can be illuminated, but the number of fluorescent lamps 136A and 136B used can be reduced, and thereby economical irradiation (illumination) can be performed.
[0125]
In addition, for example, when looking at the second group of containers 3 shown in FIG. 13, irradiation is performed from one surface 3a in the part of the straight path on the outward path, but is performed on the other surface in the part of the linear path on the return path. Irradiation is performed from the 3b side, so that uniform irradiation is performed from both sides during one round trip. As a result, Hatakeshimeji M can be suitably grown without bending the stem to any side, and with the stem straight.
[0126]
After the predetermined growth period has been completed in this way, as shown in FIG. 18, the container 3 is moved to the delivery transport unit 129B as described above in a state where the Hatakeshimeji M is cultivated in each mushroom cultivation container 6. Transported.
[0127]
The removed container 3 is opposed to the cutting unit 174 via the fifth transport unit 172 and the sixth transport unit 173. Next, in the cutting section 174, as shown in FIG. 19, the harvest ring 91 is removed from each mushroom cultivation container 6 to cut the hatake mushroom M, and then, as shown in FIG. 20, the hatake mushroom M is separated from the harvest ring 91. You. After that, the cut mushrooms M are sent to the measuring unit 176 via the harvesting / transporting means 175.
[0128]
Then, the Hatakeshi Megumi M weighed in the weighing section 176 and adjusted to a predetermined weight (for example, about 500 g for two strains) is packed in the packing section 177 and then packed in the packing section 178. Next, the packed Hatake Shimeji M is transported to the shipping site 191 on the first floor B by the vertical transport means 190, stored in the shipping conveyor device 192, and then shipped.
[0129]
Among the containers 3 transported to the cutting unit 174 as described above, the container 3 in which the Hatakeshimeji M has a poor growth is returned to the fixed shelf device 140 of the growth return chamber 131b via the carry-in / out conveyor device 141 or the like, and is separated. The growth can be controlled as a whole, and the growth can be uniformed as a whole.
[0130]
As described above, the mushroom cultivation container 6 from which the hatake mushroom M has been cut is conveyed to the post-processing chamber 181 by the seventh conveying means 182, where the scraping machine 183 removes the unnecessary mushroom culture medium 7 from the mushroom cultivation container 6. Is scraped out. Then, the emptied mushroom cultivation container 6, the container 3, the harvest ring 91, and the like are cleaned by the air cleaning machine 184, and then stored in the storage means 186 of the material storage room 185.
[0131]
In each of the operations described above, control means including a host computer in the management and control room, and microcomputers provided in the respective sections, control the operation of a number of operating parts such as transport means, shelf devices, and control the operation of each room. Control of temperature, humidity, ventilation, etc. in the section is performed.
[0132]
In the above-described embodiment, as the cultivation of mushrooms, the cultivation of shimeji mushrooms, particularly Hatakeshimeji M, has been described, but it is also possible to cultivate other mushrooms such as enokitake, and the temperature and humidity are accordingly adjusted. , Days, etc. are set and controlled.
[0133]
In the above-described embodiment, the growth is performed while circulating the mushroom cultivation container 6 in the circulation path 132, but this may be, for example, a configuration in which the mushroom cultivation container 6 is moved one-way along a meandering movement path. .
[0134]
In the above-described embodiment, the illuminating means is provided on the upper side and the side in the specific path portion 132a, but the arranging form can be variously changed, such as arranging only on the side. .
[0135]
In the above-described embodiment, the fluorescent lamps 136A, 136B, and 136C are shown as the illuminating means, but they may be in other formats such as a searchlight format.
In the above-described embodiment, the mushroom cultivation container 6 is moved in units of the shelf pallet 111, but may be moved in a unit of the container 3 by the transport means.
[0136]
In the above-described embodiment, the illuminating means is arranged by changing the vertical position on both sides of the specific path portion 132a, but this is a form in which the illuminating means is arranged without changing the vertical position. Is also good.
[0137]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first invention of the present invention described above, it is possible to grow while moving the mushroom cultivation container on the movement path, and during growth by movement, the time for applying high-intensity illumination and the time for not applying light alternately. After that, sufficient growth can be performed by appropriately irradiating the light.
[0138]
Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention described above, it is possible to provide equipment capable of suitably realizing the method for growing a mushroom fruit body of the first aspect of the present invention.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional plan view of a main part in a growing room in a mushroom cultivation facility.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view of the first floor of the mushroom cultivation facility.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view of a second floor portion of the mushroom cultivation facility.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional plan view of a fungus culture zone portion and a preparation zone portion on the first floor of the mushroom cultivation facility.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional plan view of a cultivation zone on the first floor of the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a container part in a fungus culture zone in the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway front view showing a state of inoculation of bacteria in a fungus culture zone in the same mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 8 is a front view of a pallet used in the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 9 is a partially cutaway front view showing a bacterial scraping state in a cultivation zone in the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway front view of a container portion after scraping bacteria in a cultivation zone in the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 11 is a partially cutaway perspective view for explaining a reverse state in a cultivation zone of the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 12 is a partially cutaway front view showing movement of a container in a cultivation zone of the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 13 is a front view of a main part in a growth room in the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 14 is a plan view of a transfer unit in the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 15 is a front view of a transfer unit in the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 16 is a side view of a transfer unit in the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 17 is a partially cutaway front view illustrating installation of a harvest ring in a cultivation zone of the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 18 is a partially cutaway front view of the mushroom cultivation equipment in a cultivation zone in a growing state.
FIG. 19 is a partially cutaway front view for explaining detachment of a harvest ring in a cutting section of the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 20 is a partially cutaway front view for explaining a cutting state in a cutting section of the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of a process of mushroom cultivation in the same mushroom cultivation equipment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Bacterial culture vessel
2 bacteria culture medium
3 containers
5 Protozoa
5a Seed
6 mushroom cultivation container
6a mouth
7 Mushroom culture medium
9 pallets
10 Bacteria culture zone
11 Bacteria preparation room
13 Mixer
14 scraping machine
15 Packing machine
16 Washing machine
18 Sterilization means
19 Cooling room
20 work room
22 Inoculation room
24 inoculation machine
30 bacteria culture room
40 preparation zone
41 Preparation room
43 stuffing machine
46 Sterilization means
47 Cooling room
55 Inoculation room
57 inoculation machine
60 cultivation zone
61 Loading room
71A Initial culture room
72A shelf device
73A access device
71B Medium-term culture room
72B shelf device
73B access device
71C Late culture room
72C shelf device
73C in / out device
81 Bacteria scraping room
82 stepping machine
87 Bacteria scraper
91 Harvest Ring
96 reversing machine
101 processing room
107 Forward rotation machine
108 Harvest Ring Mounting Machine
109 vertical transport means
111 shelf pallet
112 base body
114 receiving member
121 sprouting room
122 Shelf device
124 access device
126 Isolation room
129 4th transportation means
129A Conveyance unit for storage
129B Delivery section
130 relay transportation means
130A Intermediate unit for storage
130B Outgoing relay unit
131 Growth room
131a growth room
131b Growth return room
132 Circulation route (moving route)
132a Specific route part
132b Non-specific route part
133 circulating transport means (transport means)
134 Conveyor
135 delivery device
136A Fluorescent lamp (lighting means)
136B Fluorescent lamp (lighting means)
136C fluorescent light (lighting means)
138 Humidifier (humidifying means)
139 Unit cooler (air conditioning means)
140 Fixed shelf device
141 Carry-in / out conveyor device
145 room entrance
146 Insulated door
151 Transfer means
154 cradle
155 Fork device
156 shelving device
158 elevator
159 Push body
160 shelving device
162 elevator
163 Extruded body
171 Harvest Room
174 Reaper
175 Harvest transportation means
176 Measuring unit
177 Packaging Department
178 Packing Department
181 Post-processing chamber
185 Material storage room
191 Shipping place
A construction
B first floor
C 2nd floor
D room forming wall
M Hatake Shimeji (Mushroom)

Claims (9)

A method of growing a mushroom fruit body in artificial cultivation, comprising growing the mushroom culturing container while moving the mushroom cultivation container, and changing the illuminance in the movement route. 2. The method of growing a mushroom fruit body according to claim 1, wherein high-intensity illumination is applied to a specific route portion of the moving route. The method for growing a mushroom fruit body according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lighting is performed by lighting means disposed on an upper side and a side. The container containing a plurality of mushroom cultivation containers is placed on the upper and lower receiving members of the shelf pallet, so that the mushroom cultivation containers are moved in units of the shelf pallet. The method of growing a mushroom fruit body according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein high-intensity illumination is illuminated by illuminating means arranged with the upper and lower positions changed in one side. The method for growing a mushroom fruit body according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the movement of the mushroom cultivation container is performed by a transporting means disposed in the growth room. A growth facility for growing mushroom fruit bodies in artificial cultivation, wherein the growth is performed while moving a mushroom cultivation container, and the illuminance is changed in a moving path. 7. The growth facility for mushroom fruit body according to claim 6, wherein a lighting means for illuminating with high illuminance is provided in a specific route portion of the moving route. 8. The facility for growing a mushroom fruit body according to claim 6, further comprising lighting means disposed on the upper side and the side. A container storing a plurality of mushroom cultivation containers is placed on a plurality of upper and lower receiving members on the shelf pallet, so that the movement of the mushroom cultivation container is performed in units of the shelf pallet, and a specific route portion The mushroom fruit body growth facility according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the illuminating means is arranged with the vertical position changed on both sides.

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