JP2004143925A - Structure with opening - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a side ditch which prevents the occurrence of a noise and a backlash in such a condition that an eccentric wheel load is imposed on the side ditch. <P>SOLUTION: A lid supporting top-surface part 15 for supporting a lid 20 for a block 10 for the side ditch and a lid supporting undersurface part 25 on a backside 22 of the lid 20 are stabilized by coming into contact with each other via three points or three lines P1, P2 and P3 in the condition of the application of the eccentric wheel load F. Thus, since the lid 20 is locked, the occurrence of the backlash between the lid 20 and a body 10 and the noise can be prevented. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

The present invention relates to an opening structure such as a gutter block for preventing noise and rattling.

There are several applications for preventing noise by devising the shape of the gutter.
JP-A-10-292469 JP-A-11-343658

騒 音 However, it is said that noise is reduced in any of the gutters, but the effect is not so large. For example, the above two applications describe that noise can be reduced by contact with a line. However, although a silencing effect can be obtained depending on the situation, a stable effect cannot be expected, and it can be said that it is suitable for practical use. Not in state.

For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 10-292469 discloses that, in a U-shaped side groove, an engagement recess is formed on one of the back side of the lid and the horizontal portion of the opening of the side groove, and the other is engaged with the engagement recess. A mating engaging projection is formed, and each of the engaging projection and the engaging recess is formed by a curved surface, and the curvature of the curved surface of the engaging protrusion is defined as a curvature larger than the curvature of the curved surface of the engaging recess. It is described that both edge portions of the combined concave portion are configured to engage with the outer surface of the engaging convex portion in line contact with each other, and in the drawing, the concave portion and the convex portion having a larger radius of curvature are combined. Thus, a state in which both end portions of the concave portion are in contact with each other is described. It is described that this side groove can suppress noise when passing through the vehicle by contacting a contact surface between the side groove and the groove cover with two lines.

て も However, even if noise can be suppressed, it has not yet reached the stage where it can be said that almost no noise is generated. One reason for this is considered that the combination of these concave and convex portions is formed on both sides of the U-shaped side groove, so that if one is two lines, the contact is made by four lines in total. If these four lines are in contact, the groove cover is ideally placed at the opening of the side groove, so it is considered that there is no rattling and no noise is generated. However, since it is a concrete product, there is naturally a manufacturing error (tolerance), and further, there is no possibility that a trench lid can be installed without any sand, earth or dust between the concave portion and the convex portion at the site. It is. Therefore, the probability that the groove lid can be stably installed by contacting with four wires is very low. Since it is designed to make contact with four wires, if contact cannot be made with four wires, it must be unstable and rattle occurs. In addition, although a structure other than the four wires does not come into contact with the original structure, the inability to make contact with the four wires causes a contact where a part should not come into contact, thereby causing rattling and noise. For this reason, it is difficult to suppress noise and rattling at a practical level.

Further, when an engagement recess is formed in one of the horizontal portion of the opening of the back groove and the side groove, a portion protruding outward is formed. Becomes small, and the strength cannot be secured. Therefore, there is a problem that the engagement concave portion must be stopped at a small size, and it is difficult to obtain the effect of preventing rattling.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-343658 discloses that in a U-shaped side groove, a horizontal portion facing the left and right side surfaces of the bottom surface of the side groove, and a horizontal portion are inclined to the inner wall side continuously with the horizontal portion, at a cover portion of the side groove main body. On the bottom surface of the gutter lid, a lid-side horizontal portion facing the horizontal portion of the gutter main body, and a lid corresponding to the linear slope portion continuous with the lid-side horizontal portion are formed. A side inclined portion is formed so that the inclination angle of the linear inclined portion of the side groove main body is different from the inclination angle of the lid-side inclined portion on the bottom surface of the side groove lid. As a result, since the linear inclined portion of the side groove main body and the lid-side inclined portion come into point contact with each other in the cross section, rattling or jumping-up is prevented.

The gutter body is formed with a linear slope and the lid slope is formed on the bottom of the gutter cover, so that sand, soil or dust is prevented from being trapped in the points where they make point contact. Is relatively easy and it seems possible to make point contacts as designed. Then, since the point contact is made at one of the lid hooking portions, the contact is made at two points in the cross-sectional direction, and the number of contacts is smaller than that of the above-mentioned four lines. However, it is a problem whether the gutter lid can be stably held by two point contacts. That is, it is very rare that a uniform force always acts on the gutter cover from above. For example, when the vehicle passes through one of the gutter lids, a load is applied to one of the lid catching portions, and the gutter lid should turn or tilt, albeit minutely. When the lid is tilted, the difference between the inclined portion of the gutter main body and the inclined angle between the lid-side inclined portion disappears.As a result, the state of point contact cannot be maintained, which causes rattling and noise. It is considered to be.

In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-343658, a horizontal portion and a curved portion are formed in a cover catching portion of a gutter main body, and a connecting corner portion connecting them has a point in a cross section with respect to a linear inclined portion on the bottom surface of the gutter cover. Contacting is also disclosed. Also in this case, if the gutter cover is slightly rotated or tilted, the horizontal portion of the gutter main body may come into surface contact with the horizontal portion of the gutter cover, so that rattling and noise may occur. high.

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a configuration of a lid and a main body capable of stably installing the lid in an actually used environment or condition without generating rattling or noise. And Although the present invention is not limited to gutters, the problem of noise and rattling is remarkable in gutters where noise may occur every time a vehicle passes, and the present invention provides It is another object of the present invention to disclose a configuration in which no or very little noise is generated and the lid can be prevented from being flipped up.

For this reason, in the present invention, by providing a structure of a combination of a main body and a lid which is designed to be stably contacted at three points or three lines in the cross-sectional direction or the width direction of the lid, it is actually used. Under such conditions, rattling or noise is not generated, or the occurrence thereof is extremely reduced. That is, the opening structure according to the present invention is an opening structure having a lid and a main body having a rectangular opening that is opened and closed by mounting the lid, wherein the lid is provided along a set of edges of the opening. A lid supporting upper surface facing the bottom surface of the lid is formed, and a lid supporting lower surface facing the lid supporting upper surface is formed along a pair of edges of the lid. , At least one inner bevel located inside them and inclined toward the inside of the body, and / or at least one inner curved surface curved toward the inside of the body. And, in a width direction orthogonal to the extending direction at least near both ends of the extending direction in which the lid supporting upper surface portion and the lid supporting lower surface portion extend, a surface constituting the lid supporting upper surface portion and the lid supporting lower surface portion, By the combination of the surfaces including the inner slope and / or the inner curved surface, the opening structure is designed such that the lid supporting upper surface portion and the lid supporting lower surface portion on both sides contact at a total of three places to stabilize the lid.

Even if the contact is made at three points or three lines, the members constituting the upper and lower portions of the lid support are deformed in a limited range. Become. Also, since one of the combinations of the lid supporting upper surface portion and the lower surface portion on both sides (hereinafter referred to as left and right) does not come into contact with one another, one comes into contact with two positions and the other comes into contact with one. Therefore, the left and right lid supporting upper and lower portions are always in contact at one location, and at one of the left and right, one more location is in contact. Then, if there is a foreign substance such as sand, soil, or dust at a portion where the lid supporting upper surface portion and the lower surface portion are in contact, it becomes difficult to stabilize the lid. Therefore, it is desirable that all of the portions that may come into contact with each other are in a state in which foreign matters are unlikely to collect.

However, in the left and right lid support upper and lower portions, at least one of the portions that may be in contact at all times is in a state in which at least foreign matter is unlikely to accumulate. This is to prevent rattling and noise. Very useful in. Therefore, in the present invention, at least one inner slope inclined toward the inside of the main body and / or at least one inner curved surface curved toward the inside of the main body are provided inside the lid support upper surface portion and the lid support lower surface portion. Is provided so that foreign matters are hardly accumulated. Further, such an inner slope and an inner curved surface can be formed by attaching a joint material to a conventional mold for forming a horizontal plane for receiving a lid, and therefore, the present invention is applied using the conventional mold. Another advantage is that the main body of the structure with openings can be manufactured.

For example, a combination of an inner slope and an inner curved surface that comes into point or line contact has a lid support upper surface provided with an inner slope inclined toward the inside of the main body, and a lid support lower surface provided inside the main body. It is a structure with an opening having an inner curved surface that is convexly curved. The lid support upper surface has an inner curved surface that is concavely curved toward the inside of the main body, and the lid support lower surface is an inner curved surface that is convexly curved toward the inside of the main body. An opening structure having an inner curved surface having a larger curvature than the inner curved surface of the portion. Further, the lid support upper surface portion has an inner curved surface that is convexly curved toward the inside of the main body, and the lid support lower surface portion is an inner inclined surface that is inclined toward the inside of the main body, or an inner curved surface that is convexly curved. It is a structure with openings provided with. By such a combination of the inner inclined surface and / or the inner curved surface, at least two points or two lines at which the upper surface portion and the lower surface portion of the lid support are always in contact can be formed.

The combination of the lid support upper surface portion and the lower surface portion adopting the combination of the inclined surface and / or the curved surface inclined toward the inside of the main body has a lid support like a wedge due to its own weight or a load from above. The lower surface portion enters the lid supporting upper surface portion and also functions to stably support the lid. Then, even if the position of the load applied from above moves, the lid is prevented from moving following the position of the load, and the function of preventing rattling and noise from occurring is achieved. In addition, rattling and noise may occur due to distortion or tolerance in the planar or extending direction of the lid, but the lower surface of the lid support may enter the upper surface of the lid due to the load, or move slightly up and down or left and right. By rotating, a certain degree of distortion or tolerance is absorbed, and it is possible to eliminate rattling or noise.

Therefore, the angle of the inner inclined surface or the inner curved surface of the upper surface of the lid support is preferably about 30 to 60 degrees, and more preferably about 40 to 50 degrees. The inner slope or inner curved surface of the lower surface of the lid support is designed to be in contact with the upper surface of the lid at such an angle. If the inclination or gradient of the inner slope or the inner curved surface is small, the contact becomes planar, so that the contact becomes closer to the surface than a line or a point, and rattling and noise are likely to occur. On the other hand, if the inclination or the gradient is too large, the wedge effect increases, so that the side wall of the main body is pushed from the inside to the outside by a strong force due to the wheel load applied to the lid, and the strength or structure of the main body has such a lateral direction. You have to consider the load.

(4) If the upper surface portion and the lower surface portion of the lid support are all in contact with each other in the extending direction, rattling and noise are more likely to occur. Therefore, it is desirable to design so that the lid supporting upper surface portion and the lower surface portion at both ends in the extending direction mainly contact. That is, it is desirable that the inner slope or the inner curved surface of the lower surface of the lid supporting portion project toward the inside of the main body at both ends from the center in the extending direction.

Then, the inner slope and / or the inner curved surface are brought into an appropriate contact state by the own weight of the lid or a load from above, so that the inner slope and / or the inner curved surface do not come into contact with each other, and a third hit occurs so as not to fall into an unstable state. A place is prepared. By changing the inclination and / or curvature of the inner slope and / or the inner curved surface, it is possible to create a third point or a third line structure by a combination of these, but the configuration of the slope and the configuration of the curved surface are also possible. Because of the complexity, it is difficult to form it so that it works accurately and reliably. In particular, concrete blocks are used for the gutters in which the present invention is most effective, and such a design is not preferable in consideration of manufacturing tolerances of concrete products.

By the way, it is desirable that the lid supporting upper surface portion and the lid supporting lower surface portion have substantially horizontal planes located outside thereof. Although it is possible to form the lid support upper surface and lower surface only with the inner slope or the inner curved surface, in addition to the shape of the conventional lid and gutter block, if such an inner slope or inner curved surface is provided, Becomes extremely thick, which is not economical, and causes adverse effects such as a reduction in the cross-sectional area of the flow path. Renewing the shape of the lid and the gutter block leads to discarding the formwork of the gutter block up to the present, and the economic loss is too large. On the other hand, by providing the inner inclined surface and / or the inner curved surface only on the inner side, the effect of preventing rattling and noise can be obtained. Assets can be diverted, which is a very economical solution. Furthermore, even if an unpredictable situation such as a load exceeding the design is applied by leaving the flat part, the lid rotates and falls due to the contact between the flat parts of the lid support upper and lower parts. The worst situation can be prevented. Therefore, safety is also preferable.

An inner slope or an inner curved surface is formed outside the lid support upper surface portion and the lid support lower surface portion, and a substantially horizontal plane is formed outside the lid support upper surface portion and the lower surface lower surface portion. Is also excellent in securing the strength of the lid. When an inner slope or an inner curved surface is arranged outside the lid support upper surface and the lid support lower surface, the contact point (fulcrum) between the lid support upper surface and the lid support lower surface is located outside the lid support upper surface and the lid support lower surface. In other words, there is a possibility that a reinforcing bar is buried in the lid and becomes outside the range. That is, since the rebar needs to be covered with concrete, it is necessary to secure at least about 20 mm of concrete covering. Therefore, it is difficult to secure strength in the region of about 20 mm at the end of the lid, and it must be said that the lid is easily chipped. In addition, when an inner slope or an inner curved surface is disposed outside the lid support upper surface portion and the lid support lower surface portion, when these come into contact with each other in a form such as a part of the side surface, the inner side is covered from the contacted position. Since it is necessary to secure it, the strength is further reduced.

On the other hand, by forming a substantially horizontal plane outside the inner slope or the inner curved surface, the inner slope or the inner curved surface can be completely disposed on the back surface of the lid, and the outer flat surface and the lid support upper surface and Since the fulcrum of the lower surface of the lid support enters the inside, it enters the region where the reinforcing steel is buried, and the lid can exhibit sufficient strength against a load from above.

And, by arranging the inner slope or the inner curved surface inside the lid supporting lower surface portion on the lid side, the slope and the curvature of the inner slope or the inner curved surface can be freely adjusted, and the inner slope or the inner curved surface can be adjusted. The size and strength of the portion protruding from the back surface of the lid for forming can be sufficiently ensured. Then, inside the lid supporting upper surface and the lid supporting lower surface, the surfaces are faced to each other or face to face (facing) due to the inner slope or the inner curved surface, and the faces are narrow, almost at points or lines. Even if they come into contact with each other in a state, unlike a case where a corner is hit, the load is not extremely concentrated from above, and the structure is such that corner chipping and cracking are unlikely to occur. That is, in the present invention, even if the contact between the surfaces is a point macroscopically, it is a contact between the surfaces microscopically. growing. Therefore, since the concentrated load at the contact or the tangent is dispersed and alleviated, the effect that the contact or the tangent is less likely to be chipped is also obtained. In addition, by disposing the inner slope or the inner curved surface on the inner side, an inner slope or an inner curved surface having a slope and a curvature in which damage such as corner chipping or cracking does not easily occur can be formed.

Furthermore, this planar structure can be utilized as the third contact point. By providing an intermediate surface having a gradient or curvature different from the inner slope or inner curved surface on the lower surface of the lid support, the intermediate surface faces the boundary between the inner surface and the outer surface of the upper surface of the lid support. When the lid is turned or displaced, the intermediate surface of the left or right lid supporting lower surface contacts the boundary between the inner and outer surfaces of the lid supporting upper surface and functions as a third point or a third line. In this configuration, foreign matters are unlikely to accumulate at the boundary between the inner and outer surfaces, so that the effects of rattling and noise prevention are particularly easily obtained. As for the intermediate surface (intermediate surface), it is desirable that both ends protrude toward the inside of the main body from the center in the extending direction, similarly to the inner inclined surface or the inner curved surface of the lid supporting lower surface portion.

、 ３A third point or a third line can be formed by providing convex portions protruding toward the opposing planes on the lid supporting upper surface portion or the lid supporting lower surface portion on both sides. The structure is simplified, and foreign matters are hardly placed on the convex portions, so that the effect of preventing rattling and noise can be sufficiently obtained. However, since the load tends to concentrate on the convex part, an appropriate area may be required depending on the load condition. Lower.

Further, a substantially horizontal inner plane disposed inside the inner slope or inner curved surface is provided on the upper surface of the lid support, and the third point or It is possible to form a third line.

蓋 In order to form an inner slope or an inner curved surface on the lower surface of the lid formed on the back surface or the bottom surface of the lid, a structure protruding downward is required. Although it is possible to have a configuration in which the whole including the center of the back surface protrudes downward, it is desirable to form two rows of row projections forming an inner slope or an inner curved surface on the back surface of the lid. As a result, the weight of the lid can be reduced, and a lid having rattling prevention and noise prevention functions can be provided at low cost. Further, this lid has a great advantage that it is very easy to hold because the row-shaped projections function as a stand. That is, it is possible to insert a jig for lifting a hand or a lid between the row-shaped projections, and it is possible to prevent a situation in which a hand or a finger is mistakenly pinched or the jig comes off when carrying the lid.

If the height of the row-shaped projections is insufficient to put the hand or finger on the back side of the lid, it is also effective to form a concave portion on the back surface between the row-shaped projections at the end in the extending direction, Since the row-shaped projections have a thickness, by providing a concave portion that does not reduce the strength of the lid, it is possible to provide a lid with a design that allows easy entry of hands and fingers. Therefore, it is desirable that the lid be formed with a notch at the end in the extending direction and for hanging a hand or a jig between the row-shaped projections. As long as the strength of the lid is allowed, it is effective to form a concave portion on the end of the back surface of the lid, to the extent that a finger or a jig is involved, regardless of the presence or absence of the row projections.

Furthermore, in the row-shaped projections of the present invention, the outer surfaces thereof constitute an inner inclined surface or an inner curved surface. Therefore, the inner surface of the row-shaped projection basically does not contact the upper surface of the lid support on the main body side. However, by providing a surface that does not directly contribute to supporting the lid, the size or shape of the row projections can be increased, and the strength of the row projections is ensured, and an appropriate gradient and curvature are provided. The inner inclined surface or the inner curved surface can be formed on the outer surface of the row-shaped projection. Further, the row-shaped projections can be formed by shaving a portion corresponding to the back surface of the lid in a mold for molding the lid into two rows with a cutting tool such as an end mill. Therefore, the processing of the formwork is simple, and furthermore, it is possible to manufacture a lid provided with a row-shaped projection having a high-precision shape at a high-precision position. This means that a lid having an inner slope or an inner curved surface having a desired shape can be manufactured with high precision, and a structure with openings that hardly generates rattling or noise can be provided.

Under some conditions, the lid supporting upper surface and the lid supporting lower surface contact each other at the center in the direction in which they extend in a row, and when both ends float, rattling occurs. Conversely, if both ends are in contact, no rattling occurs even if the center floats. When molding a gutter block using a mold, when the mold is deformed or removed from the mold and stored, the edge of the opening extends slightly, and the center in the longitudinal direction is Protruding (albeit very small). Also, when the inner inclined surface or the inner curved surface of the lower surface of the lid support is formed on the back surface of the lid, deformation in the direction in which the center in the longitudinal direction protrudes from both ends easily occurs. Therefore, it is preferable that the inner slope or the inner curved surface is formed so that both end sides in the extending direction project greatly downward and / or outward from near the center. That is, it is desirable that the inner slope or the inner curved surface bend in an arc shape such that the center is depressed with respect to both ends of the lids extending in a row. The same applies to the case where the row-like projections are formed.

差 The difference between both ends of the inner slope or the inner curved surface and the central portion is about several mm, for example, about 2 to 3 mm is sufficient. When the size of the cross section of the projection changes stepwise or intermittently, the changed portion becomes a contact point, and this bow shape causes rattling. Therefore, it is desirable that the cross-sectional size changes continuously.

In the case of a row-shaped projection, the lid may be divided near the center of the lid extending in a row, and in this case, the position where the projection is divided on the lid and the lid supporting lower surface part and the lid supporting upper surface part on the body side May be provided with a notch for guiding rainwater to the inside of the main body. In the opening structure according to the present invention, the lower surface of the lid support provided on the lid and the upper surface of the lid support on the main body are in close contact with each other, so that there is little drainage from the gap between the lid and the main body. According to the above configuration, notches for drainage can be prepared along the protrusions extending in a row, that is, along the longitudinal direction of the road, so that drainage is efficient, and furthermore, a gutter without noise and rattling is constructed. it can.

両 端 Further, it is desirable that both ends of the row-shaped projections in the extending direction are chamfered in a substantially spherical shape. This is because the corner of the projection can be prevented from being chipped, and the possibility that the lid supporting upper surface on the main body side is damaged by hitting the corner of the projection can be eliminated. The projection having a curved cross section can be formed by digging a groove in an iron plate of a mold of the lid with an end mill. Therefore, by raising the end mill teeth at the ends of the grooves formed in the formwork, it is possible to manufacture grooves in which both ends are formed into a substantially spherical shape.

On the other hand, when the inclination of the side surface (end surface) in the extending direction of the lid is large, both ends of the projection are processed into substantially spherical or spherical shapes, so that the contact point between the upper surface of the main body side and the projection moves to the inside of the lid. Will do. Therefore, when a load such as a tire is placed on one of both ends of the lid, the opposite side is likely to float. Therefore, it is desirable that such a lid should not be processed into a spherical shape at both ends of the projection, because rattling may occur. However, it is desirable to reduce both ends of the lid that extends in a row of projections in order to prevent corner chipping and damage to the main body support. In addition, since the row projections of the lid of the present invention are slightly tapered toward the center, there are many cases where the load is supported at both ends, but concentrated at both ends by reducing both ends of the projection. Even if a load is applied, the contact with the support portion on the main body side becomes smooth. For this reason, the projection and the main body supporting portion are hardly damaged, and a highly durable lid and a structure with an opening can be provided. The projections with both ends reduced can be freely adjusted by adjusting the degree (amount) of lifting the teeth of the end mill when forming grooves for the projections on the formwork by an end mill. Can be smoothly and continuously reduced without the step shape.

Thus, the structure with an opening of the present invention can be installed in a state where the lid is weighted so that the lid does not rattle or generate noise. This is particularly effective for a structure having a concrete block as a main body, such as a measure or a side gutter, which is likely to generate rattling or noise. When the main body is a gutter block, the cross-section is a U-shaped gutter block, the upper surface is composed of an open channel (opening) and an underdrain, and the lower portion is mainly open (including partially closed). The present invention is effective in a gutter block or a gutter block provided with an opening, which is called a gate-shaped gutter or a free slope gutter.

蓋 Since the lid of the present invention has a simple structure, even if the lid is made of concrete, it can sufficiently prevent rattling and noise. Therefore, this point is also suitable for the gutter block. Further, the lid may be made of grating. When a grating lid is installed in an opening in which a concrete lid can be installed, the grating lid has a higher strength, so that the grating lid can be thinner and a square pipe or the like is attached for raising the height. Therefore, when a raising member that forms the lid supporting lower surface portion is attached to the back surface, an inner slope or an inner curved surface is formed at an eccentric position of the raising member.

For example, a projection is provided inside a raising member such as a pipe having a rectangular cross section. Then, it is desirable that the outside of the raising member be a horizontal surface so that the load is supported by contacting the horizontal surface of the lid supporting upper surface in an emergency. The shape may be such that the grating hits the main body and stops the rotation. However, even if a very large load is applied to the lid and the lid has to be supported by contact between the horizontal surfaces, the angle at which the grating lid pivots should be increased by providing a horizontal surface on the raising member. Since it is very small, there is no danger of the cover sinking or falling off, and it is possible to provide a grating lid that is safe and free from rattling and noise. Furthermore, by making the thickness of the grating lid including the raising member approximately the same as the thickness of the concrete lid, the grating lid and the concrete lid can be attached to the opening without changing the structure on the main body side. .

As described above, in the present invention, it is possible to provide a gutter block and a lid that hardly generate rattling or noise under a load, so that a plurality of main bodies serving as gutter blocks are installed in the extending direction. By installing the lid of the present invention in the opening, it is possible to construct a gutter where rattling or noise hardly occurs or does not occur under conditions where the vehicle actually passes. Since rattling is unlikely to occur, jumping up can be prevented, and in this respect, a safe side groove can be provided by the present invention.

Further, in the case where the main body of the present invention is formed of concrete, and in the manufacturing method in which the inner mold is inserted into the lid supporting upper surface portion from the back side to form an opening, the lid supporting upper surface portion of the present invention has leakage leakage. It is also effective in preventing it. For this reason, in the present invention, a method of manufacturing the main body by combining a bottom mold forming the upper surface of the opening and an inner mold forming the inside of the main body, wherein the inner slope of the lid supporting upper surface or Provided is a manufacturing method including a step of inserting an opening forming portion forming an inner surface of an opening of an inner mold from an opposite side of a lid supporting upper surface portion to an inner upper surface forming portion of a bottom mold forming an inner curved surface. In this manufacturing method, since the opening formation portion is inserted into the upper surface inside formation portion, it is possible to prevent a phenomenon in which the concrete stiffness forming the plane of the lid support upper surface portion protrudes toward the opening side. Accordingly, the concrete frit does not protrude into the opening like a burr, and the trouble of processing it can be eliminated.

Of course, if the bottom mold or the inner mold of the mold of the gutter body is formed from the beginning so that the inner slope or inner curved surface is formed, the inside of the lid support upper surface such as joint material is formed. There is no need to attach or attach an auxiliary formwork that forms In particular, it is easy to change the shape of the mold, as long as the mold has a fixed inner mold that forms a U-shaped side groove.

As described above, the upper surface inner formation portion can be attached to the flat lid support portion formation portion of the bottom mold, and the upper surface inner formation portion is attached to the conventional gutter block mold to form the upper surface inner formation portion. A gutter block according to the present invention can be provided.

Furthermore, by providing a flat portion inside the upper surface inner formation portion, it is possible to eliminate the problem that the shape becomes unstable due to interference with the inner corner of the upper surface inner formation portion when inserting the opening formation portion.

As described above, in the present invention, a structure of a combination of a main body and a lid designed to be stably contacted at three points or three lines in the width direction of the lid is provided and actually used. No rattling or noise is generated under the condition, or the generation of such noise or noise is extremely reduced. A preferred example of the structure is a gutter, and the present invention makes it possible to construct a gutter with almost no noise or rattling.

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an end face of a structure of a side groove 1 as an opening structure according to the present invention. This gutter 1 is constructed along the road 2 between the road (roadway) 2 and the sidewalk 3 as shown in FIG. 2, and collects drainage from the road 2 into the internal flow path 5 to a predetermined place. To be collected. The side groove 1 is configured by embedding a side groove block 10 made of concrete having a U-shaped cross section and having an opening 9 at the upper side so as to be connected in the longitudinal direction (extending direction) X. For this reason, the gutter block 10 is placed on the foundation concrete 4. Further, a concrete lid 20 is provided in the opening 9 of the gutter block (main body) 10, and by opening and closing the lid 20, inspection and cleaning of the flow path 5 can be performed.

The opening 9 of the side groove block 10 on which the plurality of lids 20 are mounted is a rectangle that is long in the extending direction X, and the lid 20 is formed on a pair of edges 11 a and 11 b in the width direction of the opening 9. It is supported by receiving portions (lid placing portions) 12a and 12b. The opening 9 of the gutter block 10 is formed along a pair of edges 11 of the opening 9 such that the surface 21 of the lid 20 and the upper surface 13 of the gutter block 10 are substantially at the same height when the lid 20 is installed. Stepped lid receiving portions 12 a and 12 b are formed, and a lid supporting upper surface portion 15 facing the bottom surface 22 of the lid 20 is formed at a position lower than the upper surface 13. The lid supporting upper surface portion 15 extends in the longitudinal direction (extending direction) X of the side groove block 10 along the edges 11a and 11b, and supports left and right lids in a width direction (cross-sectional direction) Y orthogonal to the extending direction X. The shape of the upper surface 15 is symmetrical. Therefore, hereinafter, one of the left and right configurations will be mainly described, but the same applies to the other configuration unless otherwise specified.

On the other hand, on the back surface 22 of the lid 20, along the edges 23a and 23b of the lid 20, there are formed lid supporting lower surface portions 25 facing the lid supporting upper surface portion 15, respectively. The shape of the lid supporting lower surface 25 in the width direction Y is also bilaterally symmetric. Therefore, hereinafter, one of the left and right configurations will be mainly described, but the same applies to the other configuration unless otherwise specified.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the lid support upper surface 15 and the lid support lower surface 25 where the lid 20 is mounted or installed in the opening 9. The lid supporting upper surface portion 15 of the present example has an inner slope 16a whose surface is inclined toward the inside of the main body 10, that is, the flow path 5, on the inner side near the opening 9, and further, a small flat surface is substantially horizontal inside. And an inner flat surface portion 17 extending in the direction. Further, the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 has an outer flat surface portion 18 having a substantially horizontal surface on the outer side far from the opening 9. The ratio of the width W1 of the outer flat portion 18 to the width (width in the horizontal direction) W2 of the outer flat portion 18 and the inner slope portion 16a with respect to the width W0 of the lid support upper surface portion 15 is about 1: 1 to 2: 1. Is set at about 45 degrees. If the total width W0 of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 is about 40 to 50 mm, the width W1 of the outer flat portion 18 is about 20 to 30 mm, and the width W2 of the inner slope portion 16a is about 15 to 25 mm. The height (depth) h of the inner slope 16a is about 15 to 25 mm. The width W3 of the inner plane 17 is about 5 to 10 mm.

The lid 20 of the present example is formed with two row-shaped projections 24 extending in the extending direction X and having a substantially semicircular cross section at positions near the edges 23a and 23b of the back surface 22. A part of the peripheral surface of the projection 24 is a part of a surface constituting the lid supporting lower surface 25. Therefore, the lid supporting lower surface portion 25 includes an inner curved surface 26a which is located inside and is convexly curved toward the inside of the main body 10, and an outer flat portion 28 which is located outside and extends substantially horizontally.

Furthermore, the portion 27 of the row-shaped projections 24 connected to the back surface 22 of the lid 20 is an intermediate surface whose inclination (curvature) is slightly (small) changed with respect to the inner curved surface 26a. As a result, in the lid supporting lower surface portion 25 of this example, the portion facing the boundary 19 between the inner inclined surface 16a and the outer flat surface 18 of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 has an intermediate surface having a different slope or curvature with respect to the inner curved surface 26a. 27. The inner curved surface 26a constituting the lid supporting lower surface portion 25 is formed at a position in contact with the inner inclined surface 16a of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15, and the radius R0 of the peripheral surface of the row projections 24 is about 15 to 25 mm, for example, 20 mm. The length t protruding from the back surface 22 is about 10 to 20 mm, for example, 13 mm. Further, the intermediate surface 27 of the lid supporting lower surface portion 25 is formed at a position in contact with the boundary 19 of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15, and the outer flat portion 28 is located at a position facing the outer flat portion 18 of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15. Is formed. The row-like projections 24 also have intermediate surfaces 27 formed on the inner side. These intermediate faces 27 also function to reinforce the row-like projections 24.

突 き It is desirable that the protrusion amount t of the row-shaped projections 24 is smaller than the radius R0 of the peripheral surface of the projections 24. By making the protruding amount t smaller than the radius R0, the row-like projections 24 are less likely to be destroyed by the load received from the side.

FIG. 4 shows a state in which the lid 20 is installed in the opening 9 of the main body 10. When the lid 20 is installed in the opening 9, the inner curved surface 26 a of the lid supporting lower surface portion 25 of the lid 20 contacts the inner slope 16 a of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 of the main body 10 at two positions P1 and P2 on the left and right. Is stably attached to the main body 10. In the state of contact at two places P1 and P2 on the left and right, left and right clearances C1 and C2 between the outer flat surface 18 of the lid support upper surface portion 15 and the outer flat surface 28 of the lid support lower surface portion 25 are secured from several mm to 10 mm. The lid support upper surface portion 15 and the lid support lower surface portion 25 are designed so as to be able to perform.

Since the inner slope 16a of the lid supporting upper surface 15 is inclined toward the inside of the main body 10, foreign substances such as sand, dust, and soil hardly accumulate on the inner slope 16a. Therefore, the inner inclined surface 16a of the lid support upper surface portion 15 and the inner curved surface 26a of the lid support lower surface portion 25 are hardly trapped by foreign matters, and come into contact with each other in a designed state. As described above, in the present specification, the term “contact” means that a contact is made within a limited area range that can be considered as a point or a line. This is because the concrete forming the lid 20 and the main body 10 is deformed to a certain extent even though it is high in strength, so that the contacting parts are mutually deformed and hit with a limited area.

内 The inner slope 16a constituting the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 can be formed by attaching a joint material to a conventional mold forming a horizontal plane for receiving a lid. As will be further described, since the main body 10 of the present embodiment can be formed using a conventional mold, there is no need to renew the mold, and the main body 10 of the present embodiment can be manufactured at low cost. be able to. Therefore, the present invention has a great economic effect.

Further, the combination of the inner inclined surface 16a of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 inclined toward the inside 5 of the main body 10 and the inner curved surface 26a of the lid supporting lower surface portion 25 that is convexly curved in the same direction is caused by the weight of the lid 20 and the like. The lid supporting lower surface portion 25 enters the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 like a wedge, and also functions to stably support the lid 20. That is, considering the width direction Y of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 and the lid supporting lower surface portion 25, they come into contact at two points (two lines) P1 and P2. Considering X, the effects of errors or tolerances may not be negligible. However, in the combination of the lid supporting lower surface portion 25 and the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 in this example, since the inner inclined surface 16a and the inner curved surface 26a are inclined in the same direction, an error or a failure is caused by applying a self-weight or a load and pushing downward. Any point within the tolerance range touches and stabilizes. Therefore, when the lid 20 and the main body 10 are manufactured with a certain degree of accuracy, the possibility of rattling is very small in a state where the lid 20 is normally installed in the opening 9.

車 When the vehicle passes with the lid 20 placed in the opening 9 of the main body 10, a wheel load F is applied to one edge 23a of the lid 20, as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the lid 20 has only its own weight, substantially the same force acts on the left and right lid supporting upper surface portions 15 and the lid supporting lower surface portion 25. Different forces act on. This is considered to be a major cause of noise or rattling of the conventional side groove block.

As shown in FIG. 4 in an enlarged manner, the lid 20 of the present example has an intermediate surface 27 of the lid supporting lower surface portion 25 of the lid 20 when a minute load is rotated clockwise, for example, by applying a wheel load F to the edge 23a. Then, it comes into contact with the boundary portion 19 of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 of the main body 10 and becomes the third point (third line) P3. In a state where the third point P3 is formed, the minute rotation of the lid 20 is stopped, and even when the eccentric wheel weight F is applied, the lid 20 is still positioned at three points P1, P2 and P3 with respect to the main body 10. Stable when touched. Further, since the intermediate surface 27 and the boundary portion 19 are designed such that the clearance C1 is secured between the outer plane portions 18 and 28 even when they are in contact with each other, the lid 20 is provided at three points P1 and P2. Other than P3 and P3, it does not contact the main body 10. Therefore, the intermediate surface 27 functions as a stopper for preventing the lid 20 from rotating, and in this state, also functions as a spacer for securing the clearance C1 between the flat portions 18 and 28. For this reason, an intermediate surface 27 is prepared on each of the left and right lid supporting lower surface portions 25, but only one of the intermediate surfaces 27 actually comes into contact with the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 on the main body 10 side. Become.

Further, as described above, since the two points P1 and P2 are in the form of a wedge, the lid supporting lower surface portion 25 of the lid 20 enters the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 of the main body opening 9 due to the wheel load F, and meshes. Becomes strong. Therefore, the lid 20 is firmly stabilized in a state where the three points (three lines) P1, P2 and P3 are in contact with each other by the load applied first. Therefore, even when the wheel load F moves, the lid 20 does not rotate following the wheel load F, and rattling or noise does not occur due to the movement of the wheel load F. Therefore, even if the side gutter 1 of this example is adopted in a road crossing part, rattling and noise hardly occur.

蓋 Thus, the lid 20 of this example is designed so that the three points or the lines P1, P2 and P3 are in contact with the main body 10 in a stable state, and the other parts do not hit. For example, if it is designed to be stable by hitting four or more points, it cannot be guaranteed that the other points will not hit while the three points hit, and furthermore, the three points will come into contact Since the wheel load is unstable in the contacted state, the wheel load easily rattles due to the movement of the wheel load and generates noise. On the other hand, if the design is such that it hits at two points, it is not possible to cope with the rotation caused by the eccentric wheel load. In particular, when two surfaces that should not come into contact with each other come into contact with each other because the surface accuracy is not easily obtained, the contact becomes unstable, which causes rattling and noise. In addition, when the flat surfaces come into contact with each other, foreign matter is easily caught between them, which also causes rattling and noise. In this regard, it is important to maintain the clearances C1 and C2 between the outer plane portions 18 and 28.

On the other hand, in the side groove 1 of the present embodiment, since the lid 20 is supported at three points or three lines, even when eccentric wheel loads are applied, all of the factors that cause the above-described noise or rattle are generated. It is possible to provide the gutter block 10 and the lid 20 which can be eliminated and do not generate rattling or noise in an actual use state. Then, the lid 20 is once fixed in a state of being in contact at three points or three lines, and thereafter, when mud or sand gradually enters the clearances C1 and C2, the state of the lid 20 is further stably fixed, and the subsequent lid is fixed. Movement such as rotation of 20 is suppressed.

Further, by supporting the lid 20 with three lines or three points, the one to which the wheel load F is likely to be applied, of the left and right lid receiving parts 12a and 12b, usually comes in contact at two points, and the wheel load F is applied at two points or two points. It can be held in two lines. Therefore, since the load concentrated on one point can be reduced, it is easy to stably maintain the shape of the lid supporting lower surface portion 25 of the lid 20 and the shape of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 of the main body 10. For this reason, the effects of rattling prevention and noise prevention can be maintained for a long period of time.

Further, in the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 of the main body opening 9 and the lid supporting lower surface portion 25 of the lid 20, flat portions 18 and 28 are formed on the outside, respectively, and an inner slope 16a and an inner curved surface 26a are formed on the inside. The inner slope 16a and the inner curved surface 26a are in contact with each other to form two points P1 and P2 that mainly support the load. This configuration has the worst case in which even if an unexpected situation such as a load more than designed is applied to the lid 20, the lid rotates and falls due to contact between the flat portions of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 and the lower surface portion 28. This has a remarkable effect that a situation can be prevented beforehand, and also has an effect that the fulcrums P1 and P2 are arranged inside the back surface 22 of the lid 20. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 5, the load F applied to the lid 20 can be received at the high strength portion where the reinforcing bar 39 of the lid 20 is embedded.

That is, a reinforcing bar 39 is embedded in the lid 20 to ensure strength. In particular, in the case of the lid 20 designed under a condition with a large load resistance, the thickness of the lid increases and the amount of the embedded reinforcing bar 39 increases. For the reinforcing bar 39, a minimum fogging is specified in order to secure corrosion resistance and fire resistance, and it is necessary to secure a fogging C9 of 20 mm or more. Therefore, the reinforcing bar 39 is not effective in the range of the cover C9, and the concrete is easily damaged when a large load, particularly, a tensile load is applied. For this reason, if the design is such that the cover is supported in the range of the cover C9, even if the reinforcing bars 39 and the like are embedded according to the standard, the strength is actually insufficient. Therefore, it is impossible to provide a concrete lid having a large load-bearing capacity in a design in which the load of the lid is supported on the side surface of the lid or below the side surface, and further, near the edge of the side surface.

On the other hand, in the lid 20 of the present example, the inner curved surface 26a is formed on the inner side because the flat portion 28 is formed on the outer side, the fulcrums P1 and P2 are located on the inner side, and the lid 20 are supported. Therefore, the load received from below by the fulcrums P1 and P2 and the load F received by the lid 20 from above can be dealt with, including the reinforcing bar 39, and load bearing performance matching the amount of the reinforcing bar 39 can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to provide a concrete lid which has no noise or rattle and has a large load capacity.

6 (a) to 6 (e) show an example of the lid 20. FIG. On the back surface or bottom surface 22 of the lid 20, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), two rows of left and right row projections 24 are formed along both edges 23a and 23b. As described above, the cross section of the row-shaped projections 24 does not need to be a complete semicircle, and in the present example, the projection amount t is smaller than the radius R0. Further, an intermediate surface 27 having a different slope or curvature is formed at a portion connected to the bottom surface 22. Explaining the shapes of the row projections 24 in more detail, the radius R0 and the protrusion amount t are larger in the radius R0e and the protrusion amount te at both ends in the extending direction X than the radius R0c and the protrusion amount tc in the central portion. ing. The difference is a few mm, for example, about 2 mm. However, in design, the row-like projections 24 have a large bow at the both ends and a small bow at the center or a middle drawing.

When both ends of the row-shaped projections 24 protrude, both ends in the extending direction X of the lid supporting lower surface 25 and the lid supporting upper surface 15 are in contact with each other, so that the lid 20 is stably mounted on the main body 10. However, when the mold for manufacturing the lid 20 is warped or the like and the center of the row-like projections 24 is protruding, the lid supporting lower surface 25 and the lid supporting upper surface 15 come into contact at the center. This causes both ends to float, which may cause rattling and noise. Therefore, in the lid 20 of the present example, the row-shaped projections 24 in the state of the middle drawing are formed in design, and no rattling or noise occurs even if the mold is slightly deformed such as warpage. In this way, it is possible to obtain the effect of preventing rattling and noise at ordinary manufacturing tolerances of concrete products. Also, the gutter main body 10 has manufacturing tolerances. By setting the row-shaped projections 24 of the lid 20 to the middle drawing state, manufacturing tolerances on the main body 10 side can be absorbed, and noise prevention and rattling can be ensured. The effect of prevention is obtained.

Furthermore, it is desirable that the inclined portions (intermediate surfaces) 27 outside the row-shaped projections 24 also have a middle drawing shape. Therefore, it is desirable that the width and depth of the intermediate surface 27 be reduced in accordance with the dimension in which the row-shaped projections 24 become the middle stop. Thereby, the same effect as that of the row projections 24 described above can be obtained also on the intermediate surface 27. The row projections 24 and the intermediate surface 27 can be formed by digging a groove in a mold forming the lid 20 with an end mill. Since the end mill cuts grooves with rotating teeth, the row-shaped projections and the intermediate surface can be made symmetrical about the center of the projections, so that the appearance is good. Further, in the mold of the lid 20, a groove for forming the left and right row projections 24 is formed in one iron plate forming the bottom surface 22, so that the distance between the left and right row projections and the intermediate surface is set. Are accurately formed. The inaccuracy of these distances causes rattling and noise, but such elements can be eliminated as much as possible in the lid according to the present invention.

The row-shaped projections 24 have their outer surfaces forming an inner slope 26a or an inner curved surface. Therefore, the inner surface of the row-shaped projections 24 does not basically contact the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 on the main body side. However, by providing a surface that does not directly contribute to supporting the lid 20, the size or shape of the row-shaped projections 24 can be increased, and the strength of the row-shaped projections 24 can be ensured, and an appropriate gradient and An inner inclined surface 26 a having a curvature or an inner curved surface can be formed on the outer surface of the row-shaped projections 24. Further, as described above, the row projections 24 can be formed by shaving a portion corresponding to the back surface of the lid in a mold for molding the lid into two rows with a cutting tool such as an end mill. Therefore, the processing of the mold is simple, and the lid 20 having the row-shaped projections 24 having a high-precision shape can be manufactured in parallel at high-accuracy positions. This means that the inner slopes and inner curved surfaces of subtle shapes called mid-drawing, arcuate shapes, etc. can be realized with high precision in secondary concrete products, and rattling and noise are almost generated The lid 20 and the side groove 1 can be provided.

In the lid 20 shown in FIG. 6, the row-shaped projections 24 extend continuously in the extending direction X, but it is also effective to provide the row-shaped projections 24 at both ends in the extending direction X in a divided state. . Further, even in the case of the continuous row-shaped projections 24 or intermittent row-shaped projections, the plate material forming the bottom surface 22 of the lid 20 is cut by an end mill or the like in the mold for forming the lid 20 to form the row-shaped projections. The lid 20 having the cover 24 can be formed. Therefore, it is easy to convert a conventional mold for molding a lid having a flat bottom surface into a mold for molding the lid 20 having the row-shaped projections 24 of the present example. At this time, it is also easy to process the mold so that the intermediate surface 27 is formed. Therefore, the lid 20 shown in FIG. 6 has a high effect of preventing rattling and at the same time preventing noise, and can be manufactured and provided at a lower cost.

列 Furthermore, the row-like projections 24 provided on the left and right sides of the back surface 22 of the lid 20 function as spacers or stands when the lid 20 is placed on the ground or when the lid 20 is stacked. In the lid 20 of this example, a recess 31 is formed between the row-shaped projections 24 at both ends of the back surface 22 so that a hand, a finger of a hand, and a jig can easily enter. Clearance is secured. Further, a notch 32 for a handle is provided so as to be connected to the one concave portion 31.

7) In a concrete product factory, the lid 20 is often put on stock as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B. When transporting this lid, about four rows or more are lifted at a time by the clamp 40. At this time, the clamp 40 is lifted by the force of pinching according to the principle of traversing scissors, but sometimes the lid may fall off simply by pressing from both sides of the lid. On the other hand, in the case of the lid 20 of the present example, a clearance CM of 10 mm or more can be provided between the surface 21 of the lower lid 20 by the row-shaped projections 24 and the concave portions 31. Therefore, an iron plate of about 9 mm is used for the bent portion 42 of the clamp 40, and the tip 43 of the clamp 40 can be turned to the back surface 22 of the lid 20 to be reliably lifted.

蓋 The lid 20 of this example is also very effective in the case where the lid 20 is placed on the ground 45 or the surface of a gutter in a factory or a site as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b). If the bottom of the lid is flat, when placing the lid on the ground 45 or the like, there is a risk of pinching a finger, and there are many accidents. In particular, with a heavy lid, two people work, but if the weight of the lid is about 30 kg to 80 kg, it is dangerous if the workers do not breathe properly, Can occur. On the other hand, in the lid 20 of the present example, a gap of 10 mm or more can be secured between the lid 20 and the ground 45 by the row-shaped projections 24, and furthermore, by providing the concave portion 31, even a person with a thick finger is safe. It is easy to secure a clearance CM of about 15 to 20 mm. Therefore, a safe lid 20 can be provided.

(4) It is possible to form a sufficient clearance by increasing the projection amount t of the row-shaped projections 24 from about 15 to about 20 mm. When the size of the lid 20 increases, it is desirable to increase the size of the row-shaped projections 24. Therefore, depending on the size of the lid 20, there may be a case where a sufficient clearance can be secured only by the row-shaped projections 24. However, in the case of a small-sized lid, it is not economical to make the row-shaped projections 24 unnecessarily large. Therefore, it is effective to provide the concave portion 31 on the back surface 22 in order to secure a clearance. The concave portions 31 can be provided not at both ends in the extending direction X but in the width direction. However, the structural calculation results in a cross-sectional defect. .

ア イ デ ア The idea of providing a recess on the back surface of the lid to provide a space or clearance for inserting a finger or a jig for hanging can be used even with a conventional lid. The lid with the concave part on the back side does not need to make the entire back side thinner, only the part on both sides before and after the lid needs to be thinned, so there is almost no cross-sectional defect, affecting the structure or strength of the lid. And a lid that can be safely handled can be provided. In addition, it is possible to form a concave portion on the back surface of the lid by attaching an iron plate or the like having a thickness of several mm to a portion where the back surface of the mold is formed.

FIGS. 9 to 12 show a lid support upper surface 15 formed along the edge of the opening 9 of the main body 10 according to the present invention, and a lid support lower surface 25 formed along the edge of the back of the lid 20. An example is shown. In the example of the side groove 1 shown in FIG. 9, as shown in FIG. Is formed. As shown in FIG. 9B, the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 is combined with a lid supporting lower surface portion 25 having an inner curved surface 26a convexly curved toward the inside 5 of the main body, as shown in FIG. One point or one line of contacts P1 and P2 can be formed. Then, an intermediate surface 27 is formed on the lid supporting lower surface portion 25, and a third point or a third line P3 can be formed so as to be in contact with the boundary portion 19 of the lid supporting upper surface portion 16. FIGS. 9 to 12 show a state in which the third point P3 is in contact with the lid 20 when the lid 20 is slightly rotated and tilted. As described above, one of the third points P3 makes contact and the other does not.

In the example of the side groove 1 shown in FIG. 10, as shown in FIG. 10A, an inner curved surface 16 c curved slightly toward the inside 5 of the main body inside the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 of the main body 10. Is formed. As shown in FIG. 10B, the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 is combined with a lid supporting lower surface portion 25 having an inner curved surface 26a convexly curved toward the inside 5 of the main body, as shown in FIG. One point or one line of contacts P1 and P2 can be formed. The third point or third line P3 can be formed by providing a projection 29a on the outer flat surface portion 28 of the lower lid support lower surface portion 25 on the outer flat surface portion 18 of the upper lid support upper surface portion 15. Also, as shown in FIG. 10 (c), by combining with a lid supporting lower surface portion 25 having an inner inclined surface 26b inclined toward the inside 5 of the main body, the contact points P1 and the right and left one point or one line each can be obtained. P2 can be formed. Further, a third point or a third line P3 can be formed by providing a projection 29b on the outer flat surface portion 18 of the lid support upper surface portion 15 to contact the outer flat surface portion 28 of the lid support lower surface portion 25.

The projections 29a or 29b forming the third point have a simple structure, but the formation of the small projections makes the structure of the mold frame small, so that manufacturing is not so easy. Further, a certain size is required to secure the strength of the projections 29a and 29b, and the contact area tends to increase. Therefore, it is easier to form the third contact point P3 using the intermediate surface 27.

In the example of the side groove 1 shown in FIG. 11, as shown in FIG. 11A, only the inner slope 16 a curved toward the inside 5 of the main body is formed inside the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 of the main body 10. I have. As shown in FIG. 11B, the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 is combined with a lid supporting lower surface portion 25 having an inner curved surface 26a convexly curved toward the inside 5 of the main body, as shown in FIG. One point or one line of contacts P1 and P2 can be formed.

In the example of the side groove 1 shown in FIG. 12, as shown in FIG. 12A, an inner slope 16 a curved toward the inside 5 of the main body and an inner flat surface inside 17 are formed. As shown in FIG. 12 (b), the lid supporting upper surface 15 is combined with a lid supporting lower surface 25 having an inner curved surface 26 a that is convexly curved toward the inside 5 of the main body, so that the left and right sides are respectively combined. Contact points P1 and P2 are formed at one point or line. Then, the second inner curved surface 29c protruding from the inner curved surface 26a is formed, and the second inner curved surface 29c is brought into contact with the inner flat surface 17 of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15, thereby forming the third contact point P3. it can.

FIGS. 13 to 15 show some cases in which the angle of the slope 16a of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 on the main body side is changed. When the angle of the slope 16a is small, the effect of the slope 16a becomes closer to the horizontal plane, and the inner curved surface 26a formed by the projection 24 can be supported anywhere. However, even if a load is applied to the lid 20, the state is not stabilized in a rattle-free state, and the production accuracy of the slope 16a and the production accuracy of the projection 24 determine the presence or absence of the rattle alone. That is, the slope 16a may contact the projection 24 at a point, but when the load acting on the lid 20 moves, the point of contact moves and the rattling is likely to occur. In order to prevent the movement of the contact point P due to the load, the projection 24 must be designed to have an acute angle so that even if the load moves, only the tip of the projection 24 contacts the slope 16a. The projections 24 have low strength, and conversely, they are cracked or chipped by a load, which causes rattling. If the angle of the slope 16a is large, when a load is applied to the lid, the contact point P moves along the slope 16a, settles at a position where no rattling occurs, and the lid 20 is fixed at that position. Therefore, even if a load is applied next, the lid 20 does not move, no rattling occurs, and no noise is generated. Therefore, in order to prevent rattling, it is desirable that the angle of the inner slope 16a is large.

However, when the angle of the slope 16a is increased, the length (area) projected on the horizontal plane is reduced, so that the range in which the projection 24 can move is narrowed, and the possibility of settling under optimal conditions is reduced. Of course, the slope 16a may be formed so that the length projected on the horizontal plane is constant. However, even in this case, if the size of the projection 24 is not increased, the contact with the steep inner slope 16a over a wide area may occur. The lid 20 having the inner curved surface 26a as possible cannot be manufactured. This tendency is not limited to the combination of a slope and a curved surface, but is also the same for a combination of a curved surface and a curved surface.

In the example shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, the slope 16a is inclined by 45 degrees (π / 4) with respect to the horizontal plane 18. In the side groove 1 employing the inner slope 16a, the reaction force Fi of the load F applied to the contact point P between the main body 10 and the lid 20 is equally decomposed into the sliding direction Fs and the frame direction Fb. Therefore, the load F is almost equally borne by the frictional force Fs 'between the inner slope 16a and the inner curved surface 26a of the projection 24 and the strength Fb' of the frame, that is, the projection 24. In the sliding direction Fs, the protrusion 24 is slid with respect to the slope 16a, and settles on the contact point P where the protrusion 24 is stably supported on the slope 16a. Therefore, the contact position P does not move and rattling does not occur. Furthermore, the range in which the contact point P can move when the lid 20 rotates can be sufficiently secured, for example, about 4 to 5 mm, and the lid 20 can be automatically settled to a stable position.

In the example shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B, the slope 16a is inclined by 30 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane 18. In the side groove 1 employing the slope 16a, the force in the skeleton direction Fb becomes larger than the force (slip force) in the sliding direction Fs. Therefore, the load Fb 'supported by the strength of the protrusion 24 increases, and there is a risk of breakage unless the cross-sectional strength of the protrusion 24 is sufficiently ensured. Further, since the force in the sliding direction Fs is small, the projection 24 is less likely to move with respect to the slope 16a as compared to the case shown in FIG. Depending on the position of the load F, rattling is likely to occur. On the other hand, since the angle of the slope 16a is small, the movable range of the protrusion 24 is widened.

例 In the example shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, the slope 16 a is inclined 60 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane 18. In the side groove 1 employing the inner slope 16a, the force in the sliding direction Fs is larger than the force in the frame direction Fb. Therefore, the load Fb 'supported by the strength of the protrusion 24 is reduced, and the structure of the protrusion 24 is designed to be easy. Further, since the force in the sliding direction Fs is large, the projection 24 is more easily moved with respect to the inclined surface 16a, and the contact P without rattling is easily obtained as compared with the case shown in FIG. . However, actually, since the angle of the slope 16a is large, if the angle is larger than the angle shown in FIG. 15, the movable range of the protrusion 24 becomes too narrow, and it is difficult to obtain a stable contact point P. Furthermore, since the inner surface 26a comes into contact with the inner curved surface 26a formed by the projection 24 near the boundary between the inclined surface 16a and the horizontal portion 18, the strength of the support portion 15 on the main body side tends to be a problem, and the angle of the inclined surface 16a is reduced due to chipping and abrasion. On the other hand, if it is larger than this, a state in which rattling is likely to occur is obtained.

Therefore, as shown in these figures, considering the strength of the protrusion 24 and the mechanism of occurrence of rattling, the inclination of the inner slope 16a is preferably in the range of about 30 to 60 degrees, and is about 45 degrees, that is, More preferably, it is in the range of 40 to 50 degrees. The same applies to the inner curved surface.

As described above, by increasing the inclination of the slope 16a, the force applied to the projection 24 can be reduced. However, in the combination in which the corner hits the slope 16a, a concentrated load is also applied to the corner, and the corner is likely to be chipped. On the other hand, curved surfaces having a large difference in curvature can be applied to each other, or a curved surface and a flat surface can be brought into point contact with each other. If the angle of the inclined surface 16a can be increased, the degree of freedom of the angle of the inclined surface 16a increases. Since the degree of freedom of the shape of the protrusion 24 is increased, a shape that makes point-to-point contact between surfaces can be adopted. In this example, the main body 10 having the linear inclined surface 16a is combined with the lid 20 having the projection 24 curved so as to project downward, and the lid supporting lower surface portion 25 on the lid side and the main body side having the main body side. The lid support upper surface portion 15 is in contact with a point and a line in the longitudinal direction.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 16 (a), even if a projection 24 that is curved so as to project downward is assembled to a slope (curved surface) 16c that is curved so as to project upward, a point contact occurs. Can be done. Further, as shown in FIG. 16 (b), a slope 24c that is curved so as to protrude upward can be brought into point contact even when a projection 24 projecting downward in a trapezoidal shape is combined. Further, as shown in FIG. 16 (c), a projection 24 having a different curvature of curvature curved downwardly convex may be combined with a slope (curved surface) 16b curved upwardly concave. The contacts can be made at points (lines in the longitudinal direction).

In such a combination of surfaces, the strength of the contact portion is increased, so that chipping due to the load is less likely to occur, and the side groove 1 that does not generate noise or rattle even under the condition that a heavy object such as a vehicle actually passes is used. Can be provided. Since the contact between the surfaces is made, when the load is applied to the lid 20, it is possible to smoothly move the projection 24 with respect to the slope 16a without generating a corner chip, and a stable contact position. With P, the projection 24 of the lid 20 and the slope 16a of the main body 10 can be brought into contact.

The lid that can be installed in the opening 9 of the main body 10 is not limited to a concrete lid. 17 and 18 show a grating lid 50 that can be installed in the opening 9. The grating lid 50 has a higher strength than the concrete lid and can be made thinner. Therefore, in the grating cover 50 shown in FIGS. 17A and 18A, a square pipe 51 is attached as a raising member in the extending direction along the edges 53a and 53b of the cover 50, and the back surface 52 is covered with the cover 52. It is used as the support lower surface 25. In the grating lid 50 shown in FIG. 17, as shown in an enlarged manner in FIG. 17B, a row for forming the inner curved surface 26 a and the intermediate surface 27 at a position eccentric inside the bottom surface 52 of the square pipe 51. A member 55 serving as a projection is attached.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 17C, the portion of the row-shaped projections 24 may be formed by bending a plate material. The upper side of the slope of the projection can be machined to be gentler than the lower side. If manufactured by press molding, it is also possible to form the cross section of the projection in a state of medium drawing, similarly to the projection of the concrete lid, and the same effect as the above-described concrete lid can be obtained. In addition, the corner of the plate material serving as the row-shaped projection 24 functions as a third point P3 in contact with the main body.

On the other hand, in the grating lid 50 shown in FIG. 18A, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 27 are formed. Of course, the shape of the lid support lower surface 25 can be various different patterns as described above.

Furthermore, the shape of the main body of the side groove 1 is not limited to the U-shape. FIG. 19 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a gutter block 60 in which an upper central portion called a free slope gutter or a gate-shaped gutter is an open channel (opening) 9 and an end portion is an underdrain 8. Is shown by the cross section. The side groove block 60 is open at the bottom, and the bottom surface 61 is formed by casting the inverted concrete 7 on site with an appropriate slope. Then, as shown in FIG. 20, the side groove 1 can be formed by connecting the side groove block 60 in the longitudinal direction (extending direction) X. Further, the lid 20 can be detachably attached to the central opening 9 of each gutter block 60.

The above-described lid supporting upper surface 15 is formed in the lid receiving portions 12a and 12b on the left and right sides of the opening 9 of the side groove block 60. Noise can be prevented. Also, in the block 60 for the free slope side groove, it is needless to say that a combination of the above-described various types of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 and the lid supporting lower surface portion 25 can be adopted.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which a lid 65 of a different type is mounted on the gutter block 60. In the lid 65, the central portion 66 projects entirely downward, that is, the inside of the side groove main body 60, and the side surface 67 has an inner slope 26 b inclined downward below the lid supporting lower surface portion 25, or a convex downwardly curved surface. It functions as a portion forming the inner curved surface 26a. The lid 60 of this type can be set not only to the block 60 for the free slope side groove but also to the opening 9 of the U-shaped side groove block 10 described above. In the same manner as the above, rattling and noise can be prevented.

However, in the lid 65, since the central portion 66 protrudes downward as a whole, it is not economical because it is thick as a whole and the weight increases. In addition, when the lids 65 are stacked and stacked or placed on the ground or the like, the bottom surface 68 of the central portion 66 is in contact with the ground, so that no clearance is formed between the ground and other lids. Therefore, in terms of economy and safety, the lid 20 on which the above-described row-shaped projections 24 are formed is excellent. Of course, by forming the concave portion 31 on the bottom surface 68 of the central projection 66, it is also possible to form a clearance for a hand or a jig.

FIGS. 22 (a) and 22 (b) show different examples of the lid of the present invention. In the lid 20a, the row-like projections 24 provided on the bottom surface 22 are divided at substantially the center. Further, a notch 38 is formed in the plane portion 28 at the position where the protrusion 24 is divided. The notch 38 functions as a handle and also functions as a water intake for rainwater or the like. As shown in FIG. 23, a notch 69 for guiding rainwater to the inside of the main body is also formed at a position where the projection 24 is divided on the side of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 on the main body side of the opening 9 to which the lid 20a is attached. When the lid 20a is attached to the opening 9, the drainage of the road 2 can be smoothly guided to the inside 5 of the main body 10, as shown in FIG.

The projection 24 has a cross-section at the divided center end 24c smaller than the cross-section at the end 24b in the extending direction. Further, the center end portion 24c is formed in a circular shape so that the corner of the end portion 24c does not hit the main body side support portion 15. In addition, the shape is convenient for preventing corner breakage of the end 24c. It is desirable that the projections 24 are generally in the shape of an arc and that the entirety is smoothly deformed into an arc. It is also possible to change the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the projection 24 stepwise or intermittently to form an arcuate shape as a whole. It becomes easy to hit the slope 16a of the side support portion 15, and the contact point in the longitudinal direction X tends to be discontinuous. Therefore, rattling is likely to occur. Such a phenomenon can be prevented by continuously deforming the cross-sectional shape similarly.

FIG. 25 (a) shows still another example of the lid of the present invention. In the lid 20b of this example, two rows of protrusions 24 are formed on the back surface 22, and the end 24b in the extending direction is processed into a circular or hemispherical shape. Therefore, the end of the projection 24 is not easily chipped, and the shape of the projection is stable. In the lid 20b of this example, as shown in FIG. 25B, the end face 35 of the lid 20b is almost vertical. Therefore, when a load is applied above the end surface 35 of the lid 20b, the point P at which the end 24b of the projection 24 is circular or spherical and the projection 24 actually contacts the slope 16a is located on the center side of the lid 20. Even if the gear is slightly shifted, there is no possibility of rattling due to the movement of the load. That is, even if the effective length of the projection 24 is somewhat reduced by rounding the end 24b of the projection 24, it does not affect rattling. On the other hand, when the end surface 35 has a certain degree of inclination, it is desirable to make the most of the effective length of the projection 24, and it is desirable to extend the end 24 b of the projection to the end surface 35. The lid 20b as shown in FIG. 25 is often employed in the U-shaped side groove 10 in which the lids are arranged adjacent to each other to cover the opening. In addition, a lid with a large inclination of the end face 35 is often used for the free-gradient side groove 60 in which the range of the opening 9 is limited.

(4) By chamfering both ends 24b of the projection in a substantially spherical shape, it is possible to prevent the projection 24 from being chipped, and to eliminate the possibility that the projection 24 may be damaged due to the corner of the projection 24 hitting the main body side support portion 15. The chipping of the projection 24 or the damage of the main body side support portion 15 may cause rattling or noise, and it is desirable to prevent such a situation as much as possible. Such a projection 24 can be formed by digging a groove in an iron plate of a lid frame by an end mill. Then, by raising the teeth of the end mill at the end of the groove formed in the mold, a groove whose both ends are formed substantially in a spherical shape can be manufactured.

FIGS. 26A and 26B show still another example of the lid of the present invention. In the lid 20c of this example, the end 24b in the extending direction of the projection 24 is not spherical, but is processed so as to be slightly reduced. Therefore, even if the inclination of the side surface 35 is large, the back and forth backlash can be prevented beforehand even when the inclination of the side surface 35 is large, since the point P contacting the main body side support portion moves in the direction of the side surface 35.

When the side surface (end surface) 35 has a large inclination, as in the case of the lid 20c shown in FIG. 26, if both ends 24b of the projection 24 are formed into a substantially spherical or spherical shape, the contact between the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 on the main body side and the projection 24 Moves inside the lid 20 (with respect to the longitudinal direction X of the side groove). Therefore, when a load such as a tire is placed on one of both ends of the lid, the opposite side is likely to float. Therefore, it is desirable that the both ends 24b of the projection 24 should not be processed into a spherical shape because rattling may occur. However, in order to prevent the corner chipping and damage to the main body support portion, both ends 24b of the protrusions 24 extending in a row are reduced, and the contact P is arranged as outside as possible to prevent the chipping of the corner. In particular, since the projection 24 of the lid according to the present invention is slightly tapered toward the central portion 24a, the load is supported at both ends 24b in many cases. Even if a load is concentrated on both ends by reducing both ends 24b of the projections, the contact with the main body support portion 15 becomes smooth, so that the projections 24 and the main body support portion 15 are hardly damaged and durability is improved. Of the lid 20c and the structure 1 with an opening can be provided. The projections 24 whose both ends 24b are reduced can be freely adjusted in the degree of reduction by adjusting the degree of lifting the teeth of the end mill when forming the projection grooves in the mold by the end mill. The shape is not stepped, and can be reduced smoothly and continuously.

FIGS. 27 to 29 show a method of manufacturing the block 60 for the free-slope side groove. FIGS. 27 (a) and 27 (b) are schematic diagrams of a mold 70 for forming a conventional free gradient side groove block. The free gradient side groove block is formed in an inverted state. Therefore, an inner mold 72 that defines the inner surface of the block is placed on the lower mold (base plate) 71 that forms the lid receiving portion 12 of the opening, and an outer mold 73 that defines the outer surface of the block outside the mold 72. Are arranged, and concrete is poured into a space 74 between the inner mold 72 and the outer mold 73 to form a block. Then, the inner mold frame 72 is lifted up and removed from the mold. At this time, the inner mold 72 is narrowed inward. Therefore, since the inner mold 72 and the bottom mold 71 are not integrated but are assembled, a delicate gap is generated between the inner mold 72 and the bottom mold 71, There is a possibility that a phenomenon occurs in which the concrete noro or toro 79 leaks.

Especially, the accuracy of the part where the inner mold 72 and the bottom mold 71 contact each other cannot be so high. If the bottom mold 71 or the inner mold 72 has some distortion, a toro leak occurs. If a toro leak occurs from this portion of the image, the portion where the toro leak occurs loses the cement paste, becomes black in color, and becomes unsightly. In addition, strength is lost and chipping is easy. Since this portion has a corner, the corner is likely to be literally chipped.

By the way, as shown in FIG. 28A, the side groove block 60 of the present example is provided inside a bottom mold 71 which is conventionally flat so as to form the flat lid receiving portion 12 of the opening 9. It can be formed by attaching an auxiliary mold (upper surface forming portion) 80 which forms the inner slope 16a or the inner curved surface 16b or 16c for forming the lid supporting upper surface portion 15. The auxiliary mold 80 may be what is called a joint material, and can be easily attached to a predetermined location of the bottom mold 71 by welding or the like. Therefore, the mold for forming the conventional gutter block 60 can be easily modified and used as the mold for the gutter block of the present invention. The same applies to a mold for forming the U-shaped side groove block 10. For this reason, the main body according to the present invention, that is, the side groove block can be manufactured at an extremely low cost by utilizing the former mold for manufacturing the side groove block.

蓋 If the joint material 80 forming the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 is enlarged, the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 having no flat portion 18 on the outside can be formed. However, such a shape of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 is occupied mostly by the inner curved surface or the inner inclined surface 16. Forming the lid supporting lower surface 25 having a large-sized inner curved surface or inner inclined surface 26 on the back surface of the lids 20, 50, and 65 so as to be in contact with the inner curved surface or the inclined surface 16 having a large size can reduce the weight of the lid. It is not economical because it increases, and handling becomes inconvenient. Further, when the lid is thicker, the cross-sectional area of the flow path 5 inside the gutter main body 10 is reduced. Therefore, it is desirable that the size of the inner curved surface or the inner slope of the lid support upper surface portion 15 and the lid support lower surface portion 25 be the minimum size that can obtain three points or three lines.

Therefore, according to the present invention, by providing the inner inclined surface and / or the inner curved surface only inside the lid support upper surface portion 15 and the lid support lower surface portion 25, it is possible to obtain the effect of preventing rattling and noise. By leaving the plane portions 18 and 28 respectively, the assets of the former formwork can be diverted, which is a very economical solution. Further, by leaving the flat portions 18 and 28, even if an unpredictable situation such as a load more than designed is applied to the lid, the flat portions of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 and the lower surface portion 28 come into contact with each other. The worst case of the lid rotating and falling can be prevented beforehand. Therefore, safety is also preferable.

As shown in FIG. 28B, the joint material 80 for forming the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 interferes with the bottom surface 72a of the inner mold frame 72. Is desirably a flat surface. Therefore, when the joint material 80 having such a shape is used, the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 in which the inner plane 17 is formed inside the inner slope 16a or the inner curved surface 16b or 16c is formed. Further, by improving the accuracy of the upper surface 81 of the joint material 80, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a gap in which toro leakage occurs. Furthermore, by using the joint material 80 having a wide upper surface 81, toro leakage can be minimized.

目 In the joint material 80, as shown in the figure, it is desirable that the upper surface 81 is formed to have a gentle angle or a horizontal surface by changing the slope from the inclined portion. In the case of a structure in which the inner mold 72 is lifted when the product is removed from the mold, and then suspended during assembly, the inner mold 72 may collide with the joint material 80 when the inner mold 72 is suspended. If the upper surface of the joint material 80 has an acute angle, the upper surface of the joint material may be broken. If the angle of the upper surface is gentle or horizontal, the inner mold 72 is less likely to be scratched even when it comes into contact with the joint material when the inner mold 72 is suspended. However, in the U-shaped side groove, there is no such concern because the inner mold is fixed. However, if a joint material having a sharp portion protruding is applied, the corner of the joint material is liable to be damaged due to interference with a reinforcing bar or the like. Therefore, it is effective that the upper surface of the joint material has a gentle angle or is horizontal even in the U-shaped side groove. The inner inclined surface or the inner curved surface of the main body formed by such a mold has a shape having a horizontal or gentle surface with a changed gradient inside thereof.

However, even with the method of FIG. 28A, there is still a possibility that a minute gap may be generated between the joint material 80 and the inner mold 72, so that the paste may flow out. With the method shown, the toro leak 79 is not completely eliminated.

On the other hand, in the manufacturing method shown in FIG. 29A, as shown in FIG. 29B or FIG. The bottom 72 a of the mold frame 72, that is, the opening forming portion for forming the inside of the opening 9 is inserted. That is, the joint member 80 is not attached so as to be located below the inner mold 72, but is attached so as to be on the side surface of the inner mold 72. By employing such an arrangement, the joint material 81 and the inner mold 72 are pressed against each other. In particular, by welding the joint material 81 at a distance slightly smaller than the outer width of the inner mold 72 (for example, about 1 to 2 mm), the inner mold 72 is lowered and the bottom mold 71 is lowered. When the inner mold 72 is assembled, a force for spreading the inner mold 72 to the outside acts, and the gap between the joint material 80 and the inner mold 72 can be substantially eliminated. Therefore, even if the inner mold frame 72 is slightly distorted, the inner mold frame 72 is guided by the joint material 80, and the inner mold frame 72 and the joint material 80 are in close contact with each other, and it is difficult to form a path in which toro leakage occurs. Furthermore, even if there is a path that may cause toro leakage, the path becomes significantly longer than before, and it is bent in a straight line instead of in a straight line. high.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 29A, by adopting a manufacturing method of inserting a portion forming an opening of the inner mold frame 72 into a joint material 80 for forming the lid supporting upper surface portion 15, The phenomenon in which the toro leaks out into the opening of the concrete block can be almost completely prevented, the aesthetic appearance is good, and the free-gradient side groove 60 which is hard to be chipped can be manufactured. By combining the free slope side groove 60 with the lid 20 or 65, it is possible to substantially prevent rattling or noise between the lid and the main body, and to construct a silencing type side groove. Become.

In the above description, the present invention has been described with an example of a structure in which a concrete gutter block is used as a main body and a lid is installed at an opening of the main body. By applying the present invention to other concrete blocks having openings such as the above, a muffling type block can be provided. Further, the material forming the main body having the opening is not limited to concrete. However, according to the present invention, since the lid supporting upper surface portion and the lid supporting lower surface portion each having a very simple shape are prepared, it is possible to make the sound deadening type. Is suitable. In particular, the present invention is suitable for a gutter block in which rattling and noise due to the passage of a vehicle are problematic. In addition, since the rattling can be prevented, the problem of flipping up the lid can also be prevented by applying the present invention.

In the above description, the lid is shown to be stably contacted at three points or three lines in the width or cross-sectional direction. However, in a gutter installed at a place with a small load such as a sidewalk, two points or two lines are in contact. Even with such a configuration, an effect of preventing rattling and further preventing noise can be obtained. In particular, in the case of a lid having two rows of projections on the back surface of the lid, as described above, in addition to the effect of preventing rattling and noise due to contact at two points or two lines, the worker's hand Since the jig and the jig can be easily inserted into the back surface, a remarkable effect of safety is obtained. In the present invention, since the inner slope or inner curved surface on the side of the main body that receives the row projections is inclined toward the inside of the main body, the size of the row projections can be increased, and only the row projections can be provided. However, it is possible to secure an effective space without a hand being pinched. In addition, by forming the projections in a row, the lid can be lightened, and in this regard, a lid that is safe, easy to work, and economical, and has a noise and rattling prevention effect. Can be provided.

蓋 Furthermore, a lid which is asymmetrical in front and rear or left and right can also be provided in the present invention. For example, in the case of a lid provided with a hand notch on one side, the angle of the inner slope or the inner curved surface of one of the lower surfaces of the lid support is changed so that the direction toward the roadway always contacts at two lines or two points. Shapes are also possible. By designing the angle of the inner slope or the inner curve of the side contacting with the two lines slightly larger than the other, it is possible to define the side contacting with the two lines in advance, and in this state, the upper surface of the lid is horizontally positioned. With such a design, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a slight step between the lid and the main body and the lid.

It is a figure showing the schematic structure of the block for gutters to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a view showing a state where a gutter is constructed by the gutter block of FIG. 1. It is a figure which expands and shows the lid receiving part of the block for gutters shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state in which a lid supporting lower surface of a lid and a lid supporting upper surface of a gutter block (main body) are in contact with each other at three points in a width direction (cross-sectional direction) in a lid receiving portion of the gutter block shown in FIG. . It is a figure which shows the relationship between a fulcrum and a rebar. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of a cover, (a) is a top view, (b) is a bottom view, (c) is a rear view (front is shown with a broken line), (d) is a side view, (e) is sectional drawing. It is. It is a figure which shows the state which laminated | stacked the lid shown in FIG. 6, (a) is sectional drawing, (b) is shown in the front view. It is a figure which shows the state which put the lid shown in FIG. 6 on the ground, (a) is sectional drawing, (b) is a front view. It is a figure which shows the example from which a combination of a lid support upper surface part and a lid support lower surface part differs, (a) shows a lid support upper surface part, (b) is a figure which shows the state combined. It is a figure which shows the example from which the combination of a lid support upper surface part and a lid support lower surface part differs, (a) shows a lid support upper surface part, (b) and (c) are figures which show the combined state. It is a figure which shows the example from which a combination of a lid support upper surface part and a lid support lower surface part differs, (a) shows a lid support upper surface part, (b) is a figure which shows the state combined. It is a figure which shows the example from which a combination of a lid support upper surface part and a lid support lower surface part differs, (a) shows a lid support upper surface part, (b) is a figure which shows the state combined. It is a figure explaining the operation | movement when the angle of a slope part is 45 degrees, (a) shows the combination of a slope part and a protrusion, (b) shows the force which acts, disassembled and shown. It is a figure explaining the effect | action when the angle of a slope part is 30 degrees, (a) shows the combination of a slope part and a protrusion, (b) shows the force which acts on disassembled. It is a figure explaining the effect | action when the angle of a slope part is 60 degrees, (a) shows the combination of a slope part and a protrusion, (b) shows the force which acts on disassembled. It is a figure which shows the combination of the shape of a slope part and a protrusion, (a) is the combination of the slope part curved upward convex and the protrusion curved downward convex, (b) is the slope part curved upward convex. A combination with a protrusion protruding in a trapezoidal shape is shown, and (c) shows a combination of a slope portion curved concavely upward and a protrusion curved downward convexly. It is a figure which shows the example of a grating lid, (a) shows a width direction, (b) is a figure which expands and shows a lid receiving part. (C) is a figure which expands and shows a different structure. It is a figure which shows the example of a different grating lid, (a) is a figure which shows the width direction, (b) is a figure which expands and shows a lid receiving part. It is a figure showing the schematic structure of the block for different gutters which applied the present invention. FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a state where a gutter is constructed by the gutter block of FIG. 19. It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of the block for gutters in which the different cover which applied this invention is installed. It is a figure which shows the external shape of the different lid | cover which applied this invention, (a) has shown the bottom face and (b) has shown the side surface. FIG. 23 is a plan view of a gutter block on which the lid shown in FIG. 22 is installed. FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the lid shown in FIG. 14 is combined with the side groove block shown in FIG. 23. It is a figure which shows the external shape of a different lid | cover which applied this invention, (a) has shown the bottom surface and (b) has shown the side surface. It is a figure which shows the external shape of a different lid | cover which applied this invention, (a) has shown the bottom surface and (b) has shown the side surface. FIG. 27 (a) is a diagram showing an outline of a mold for forming a conventional side groove block, and FIG. 27 (b) is a diagram showing a magnified portion of an image. FIG. 28 (a) is a diagram showing an outline of a mold for forming the side groove block of the present example, and FIG. 28 (b) is a diagram showing a magnified portion of an image. FIG. 29A is a diagram showing an outline of a different example of a formwork forming the side groove block of the present example, and FIG. 29B is a diagram showing a magnified portion of the image.

Explanation of reference numerals

1 side groove 10, 60 side groove block 20, 50, 65 lid 15 lid support upper surface part, 16 inner slope or inner curved surface, 18 outer plane 25 lid support lower surface part, 26 inner slope or inner curved surface, 28 outer plane

Claims (38)

An opening structure having a lid and a main body having a rectangular opening on which the lid is placed,
A lid support upper surface facing the bottom surface of the lid is formed along a pair of edges of the opening,
Along a pair of edges of the lid, a lid supporting lower surface facing the lid supporting upper surface is formed,
The lid support upper surface and the lid support lower surface have at least one inner slope inclined toward the inside of the main body and / or at least one inner curved surface curved toward the inside of the main body. With
In a width direction orthogonal to the extending direction at least near both ends of the extending direction in which the lid supporting upper surface portion and the lid supporting lower surface portion extend, a surface constituting the lid supporting upper surface portion and the lid supporting lower surface portion, An opening structure in which the lid supporting upper surface portion and the lid supporting lower surface portion on both sides come into contact with each other at a total of three places by a combination of surfaces including the inner slope and / or the inner curved surface, whereby the lid is stabilized. The structure with openings according to claim 1, wherein the lid support upper surface portion and the lid support lower surface portion have substantially horizontal planes located outside thereof. 3. The opening according to claim 2, wherein the lid supporting lower surface has an intermediate surface having a different slope or curvature with respect to the inner slope or the inner curved surface at a boundary between the inner inner slope or the inner curved surface and the outer flat surface. Structure. The structure with openings according to claim 3, wherein the intermediate surface protrudes at both ends from a center in the extending direction. {Circle around (3)} The opening structure according to claim 2, wherein the lid supporting upper surface portion or the lid supporting lower surface portion on both sides includes a convex portion protruding toward the opposing flat surface. {Circle around (3)} The structure with an opening according to claim 1, wherein the lid supporting upper surface has a substantially horizontal inner surface disposed inside the inner slope or the inner curved surface. An opening structure having a lid and a main body having a rectangular opening on which the lid is placed,
A lid support upper surface facing the bottom surface of the lid is formed along a pair of edges of the opening,
Along a pair of edges of the lid, a lid supporting lower surface facing the lid supporting upper surface is formed,
The lid support upper surface portion and the lid support lower surface portion are located inside the at least one inner slope inclined toward the inside of the main body, and / or at least one of the inner slopes curved toward the inside of the main body. It has a curved surface and a substantially horizontal plane located on the outside,
In a width direction orthogonal to the extending direction at least near both ends of the extending direction in which the lid supporting upper surface portion and the lid supporting lower surface portion extend, a surface constituting the lid supporting upper surface portion and the lid supporting lower surface portion, An opening structure in which the lid support upper surface portion and the lid support lower surface portion on both sides are in contact with each other at at least two places due to a combination of the inner slope and / or the inner curved surface. 8. The lid support upper surface according to claim 1, wherein the lid support upper surface includes the inner slope inclined toward the inside of the main body.
An opening structure in which the lid supporting lower surface includes the inner curved surface that is convexly curved toward the inside of the main body. The lid support upper surface portion according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the lid support upper surface portion includes the inner curved surface concavely curved toward the inside of the main body,
The lid-supported lower surface is an inner curved surface which is convexly curved toward the inside of the main body, and has the inner curved surface having a larger curvature than the inner curved surface of the lid support upper surface. The lid support upper surface portion according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the lid support upper surface portion includes the inner curved surface convexly curved toward the inside of the main body,
An opening structure in which the lid supporting lower surface includes the inner slope inclined toward the inside of the main body or the inner curved surface that is convexly curved. The structure with openings according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the angle of the inner slope or the inner curved surface is about 30 to 60 degrees. The structure with openings according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the angle of the inner slope or the inner curved surface is about 40 to 50 degrees. The structure with openings according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the inner inclined surface or the inner curved surface of the lower surface of the lid support has both ends protruding from the center in the extending direction. The structure with openings according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the inner inclined surface or the inner curved surface of the lower surface of the lid support is curved in a bow shape so that the center near the both ends in the extending direction is depressed near the center. The structure with openings according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the lid has, on the back surface thereof, two rows of projections that form the inner slope or the inner curved surface. The structure with openings according to claim 15, wherein the row-like projections have both ends of the lid extending in a row shape projecting downward and / or outward from near the center. The structure with openings according to claim 15, wherein the row-like projections are bowed so as to be recessed near the center with respect to both ends of the lid extending in a row. The structure with openings according to claim 15, wherein the row-shaped projections are divided near the center of the lid extending in a row. 20. The opening structure according to claim 18, wherein the lid and the main body side support portion have a notch at the divided position for guiding rainwater to the inside of the main body. 16. The opening structure according to claim 15, wherein the row-shaped projections are formed such that both ends of the lid extending in a row are chamfered in a substantially spherical shape. The structure with openings according to claim 15, wherein the row-shaped projections have both ends of the lid extending in a row shape reduced. The structure with openings according to claim 15, wherein the lid is provided with a concave portion formed on the back surface between the row-shaped protrusions at the end in the extending direction. The structure according to claim 15, wherein the lid has a notch formed between the row-shaped projections at an end in the extending direction. The structure with openings according to claim 15, wherein the outer surface of the row-shaped projections forms the inner slope or the inner curved surface. 。 An opening structure according to any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the main body is a concrete block. 26. The structure with openings according to claim 25, wherein the main body is a gutter block. 27. The structure according to claim 26, wherein the lid is made of concrete. The cover according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the lid is made of grating, and a raising member that forms the lid supporting lower surface is attached to a back surface, and the inner slope or the inner curved surface is located at an eccentric position of the raising member. An opening structure in which is formed. The structure according to claim 28, wherein the raising member has a substantially horizontal plane located outside the inner slope or the inner curved surface. 27. The main body according to any one of claims 1 to 26. 蓋 The lid according to any one of claims 1 to 29. A side groove in which a plurality of the main bodies according to claim 30 are installed in the extending direction, and the lid according to claim 31 is installed in the opening. The planar shape placed on the opening of the main body is a substantially rectangular lid,
A lid support lower surface facing an upper surface of the lid support provided along a pair of edges of the opening of the main body, wherein the lower surface of the lid support is located inside and inclined toward the inside of the main body; A lid comprising at least one inner slope, and / or at least one inner curved surface curved toward the inside of the body, and a substantially horizontal plane located outside. 34. The lid according to claim 33, wherein the lid supporting lower surface portion has an intermediate surface having a different slope or curvature with respect to the inner inclined surface or the inner curved surface at a boundary between the inner inner inclined surface or the inner curved surface and the outer flat surface. The lid according to claim 33, wherein the lid support lower surface has a convex portion on the flat surface. A concrete body having a lid supporting upper surface facing the bottom surface of the lid is formed along a pair of edges of the rectangular opening, a bottom mold forming the upper surface of the opening, and an inside of the main body is formed. A method of manufacturing by combining with an inner formwork,
The lid support upper surface portion includes, on the inside, at least one inner slope inclined toward the inside of the main body, and / or at least one inner curved surface curved toward the inside of the main body,
An opening forming portion forming the inside of the opening of the inner mold is opposed to the upper surface forming portion of the bottom mold forming the inner slope or the inner curved surface of the lid supporting upper surface. A manufacturing method comprising a step of inserting from the side. 37. The manufacturing method according to claim 36, further comprising a step of attaching the upper inner surface forming portion to the flat lid supporting portion forming portion of the bottom formwork. 37. The manufacturing method according to claim 36, wherein the upper surface inner forming portion has an inner flat portion.

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