JP2004136394A - Oil chuck - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oil chuck which does not require to press a chuck body through a bearing and avoids high temperature caused by high rotation. <P>SOLUTION: The oil chuck has an outer frame 51, a fixing seat 52, a rotating body 53, a piston body 56, an oil path 533 and the chuck body 61. Oil is supplied to the inside the wall of the rotating body 53 and sent to a side surface of the piston body 56 to press it and close the chuck body. A sleeve body 54 is slidably attached to the fixing seat 52 on an outer periphery of the rotating body 53. The sleeve body 54 is provided with annular first and second guide grooves 541, 542, on an outer wall surface of the sleeve body 54, and with a one direction-valve 55 communicating with the first and second guide grooves 541, 542 inside the wall of it. The supplied oil is sent to the side surface of the piston body 56 through the first guide groove 541, the one-way direction valve 55, the second guide groove 542, an oil receiving port 530. The supplied oil presses the piston body 56 to close the chuck body 61 and keeps high pressure on the downstream side of the one-direction valve 55 and low pressure on the upstream side of the one-direction valve 55 when it is closed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an oil chuck, and more particularly, to an oil chuck attached to a machine tool for working with a workpiece therebetween.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 1, the oil chuck disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,073,612 sends oil to the front and rear ends of a piston 11 and presses and slides the piston 11 along the axial direction, thereby causing the bearings 15 and 12 to slide. The work is released, and the chuck body 13 that contacts the bearings 15 and 12 is opened and closed to release or clamp the work to the claw portion 14. In such an oil chuck, since the bearings 12 and 15 are for pressing the chuck body 13, the bearings 12 and 15 are mutually worn with the chuck body 13 under high-speed rotation, and the bearings 12 and 15 are worn. , 15 to the chuck body 13 is damaged.
[0003]
Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the oil chuck disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,173,371 feeds oil to the piston 21 and presses and slides the piston 21 along the axial direction, thereby moving the piston 21 forward and backward. By pressing the pressing members 22 and 24 provided at both ends, the bearings 23 and 25 are pressed, respectively, so that the first chuck body and the second chuck bodies 27 and 28 are opened and closed. . Since such an oil chuck presses the bearings 23 and 25 against the first chuck body 28 and the second chuck body 27, the bearings 23 and 25 become hot due to wear under high-speed rotation. And has the disadvantage of being easily damaged.
[0004]
The oil chuck as shown in FIG. 3 includes a substantially cylindrical outer frame 31, a fixed seat 32, a rotating shaft 33, and a sliding seat 35 coaxially from outside to inside. A substantially cylindrical piston body 34 and a chuck body 36 are provided in a frame (31) so as to be adjacent to the fixed seat 32, the rotating shaft 33, and the shaft, and An oil supply port 321 is opened in the fixed seat 32, and after receiving oil supply from the oil supply port 321 in the wall of the rotating shaft 33, the oil is sent to the side surface of the piston body 34 and pressed, whereby the piston body 34 is pressed. An oil passage 332 for closing the chuck body 36 via the sliding seat 35 is formed. A plurality of bearings 331 are provided between the fixed seat 32 and the rotating shaft 33. As described above, the oil supply from the oil supply port 321 is sent to the side surface of the piston body 34 via the oil passage 332 of the rotary shaft 33, and presses the piston body 34, thereby the sliding seat 35 By sliding the chuck body 36 by sliding the workpiece, the workpiece can be sandwiched and processed.
[0005]
In such an oil chuck, when the work is sandwiched and processed, the oil that has permeated between the fixed seat 32 and the rotary shaft 33 from the oil supply port 321 presses the piston body 34. Since it must be maintained at a high pressure, a high-temperature oil film 300 is formed between the fixed seat 32 and the rotating shaft 33, and by rotating the rotating shaft 33, when machining while rotating a workpiece, Since the high heat oil film 300 generates high heat due to friction between the rotating shaft 33 and the fixed seat 32, when this high heat is transmitted to each component of the oil chuck, not only the components are damaged but also the oil chuck is damaged. Since the work is transmitted to the work via the chuck body, there is a disadvantage that the work cannot be performed on a plastic or aluminum work.
[0006]
Then, a commercially available DI CHUN M type oil chuck manufactured by Ekawa Ironworks Co., Ltd. as shown in FIG. While the chuck body 43 is opened via the piston 42, oil is fed to the rotating shaft 41 via the oil passage B to press the piston 42, and the chuck body 43 is closed via the piston 42. . As described above, the chuck body 43 extends the length of its body in practical use, and when high heat is generated in the high-temperature oil film 400 formed between the rotary shaft 41 and the piston 42, the high heat is applied to the chuck body 43. However, after a certain period of time, high heat is also transmitted to the chuck body 43, so that improvement of high heat generated by high-speed rotation is still less than ideal.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
US Patent No. 3073612 [Patent Document 2]
US Patent No. 617371 [Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
In view of the above, a main object of the present invention is to provide an oil chuck that does not push a chuck body through a bearing and that can avoid high heat generated by high-speed rotation. .
[0008]
Another object of the present invention is to provide an oil chuck in which cooling means is provided in the oil passage.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a substantially cylindrical outer frame, a fixed seat, and a rotating body coaxially from outside to inside, and inside the outer frame, a substantially cylindrical shape. A piston body and a chuck body are provided so that the fixed seat, the rotating body and the shaft are adjacent to each other on the shaft, and an oil supply opening is opened in the fixed seat, and the inside of a wall of the rotating body is provided. An oil passage is formed which receives oil from the oil supply port at an oil supply port opened to the outside of the wall, sends the oil to the side surface of the piston body, presses the same, and closes the chuck body via the piston body. In the oil chuck, a sleeve body is externally fitted and fixed to the outer circumference of the rotating body so as to slidably contact the inner circumference of the fixed seat at the outer circumference thereof, and the sleeve body is provided on an outer wall surface of the sleeve body. Also when rotating with the rotating body, always communicate with the refueling port and the An annular first guide groove for receiving oil supply from an oil port, and an annular second guide groove which always communicates with the oil receiving port and feeds oil to the oil receiving port, are formed; An inlet-to-outlet one-way valve is provided in the wall of the sleeve body, the inlet and the outlet communicating with the first guide groove and the second guide groove, respectively, whereby the refueling port is provided. Is sent to the side surface of the piston body through the first guide groove, the one-way valve, the second guide groove, the oil receiving port, and the oil passage in order, and Can be pressed to close the chuck body, and when refueling from the refueling port is stopped, the one-way valve is closed, the downstream side of the one-way valve is set to high pressure, and the upstream side is set to low pressure. Provided is an oil chuck that can be held.
[0010]
According to this configuration, the oil chuck according to the present invention supplies oil from the oil supply port to the first guide groove, the one-way valve, the second guide groove, the oil reception port, and the oil passage in order. Since it is sent to the side surface of the piston body via the piston body and presses the piston body to close the chuck body, it is possible to prevent the bearing from being worn with the chuck body and damaging the bearing. In high-speed rotation, the higher the oil supply pressure is, the higher the temperature is. On the other hand, if the oil supply pressure is low, it is difficult to generate a high temperature. When the one-way valve is stopped, the one-way valve is closed and the upstream side of the one-way valve is kept at a low pressure, so that during processing, it is possible to avoid high heat generated in the chuck body or other components due to high rotational speed.
[0011]
Further, a bearing is provided between the fixed seat and the rotating body, and a gap between the bearing and the fixed seat and the rotating body is a gap between a boundary surface between the sleeve body and the fixed body. Are connected to each other, and an oil collecting tank is formed in the outer frame. The oil collecting tank is connected to the fixed seat and the rotating body of the bearing via a path formed in the fixed seat. A port for introducing cool air is provided upstream of the one-way valve, and the cool air allows the one-way valve to be closed from the upstream side of the one-way valve after the one-way valve is closed. It is possible to push while cooling oil that has permeated into an inevitable gap at a boundary surface between the sleeve body and the fixed body, and to feed the oil into the oil collecting tank around the bearing and via the path. Preferably it is possible. In this way, the oil that has infiltrated into the inevitable gap at the boundary surface between the sleeve body and the fixed body and the gap between the fixed seat and the rotating body of the receiver is cooled to a predetermined temperature. Therefore, it is possible to avoid generating high heat in the oil seeping into these gaps.
[0012]
A second chuck body is provided on an opposite side of the chuck body on the axis, and the second chuck body is provided between the second chuck body and the chuck body through a shaft hole of the rotating body. It is preferable that an interlocking ring is provided for transmitting and interlocking the opening and closing operation of the body to the second chuck body. In this manner, both ends of the work are projected to the chuck body and the second chuck body, respectively, and both ends can be machined.
[0013]
Further, first and second guide rings are provided between the chuck body and the piston body and between the second chuck body and the rotating body, respectively, and the first guide ring is provided on the piston body. The second guide ring is fixed to the rotating body, and each of the first and second guide rings is in contact with the chuck body and the second chuck body by an inclined guide surface. are doing. In this way, the chuck body and the second chuck body press the piston body after the oil supply is sent on the side surface of the piston body, and press the piston body through the first and second guide rings. By being slid along the inclined guide surfaces respectively, they can be closed.
[0014]
Preferably, a check valve is provided in the port to prevent the introduced cool air from flowing back through the first guide groove and the oil supply port.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of an oil chuck according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, the oil chuck according to the present embodiment has a substantially cylindrical outer frame 51, a fixed seat 52, and a rotating body 53 coaxially from the outside to the inside. A piston body 56 and a chuck body 61, which are substantially cylindrical, are provided in the outer frame so as to be adjacent to the fixed seat 52, the rotating body 53 and the shaft, and An oil supply port 522 is opened in the fixed seat 52, and the oil is supplied from the oil supply port 522 to the inside of the wall of the rotating body 53 at an oil supply port 530 opened to the outside of the wall, and then the side surface of the piston body 56 is moved upward. An oil passage 533 is formed to feed and press to close the chuck body 61 via the piston body 56. Further, a sleeve body 54 is externally fitted and fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating body 53 so as to slidably contact the inner periphery of the fixed seat 52 at the outer periphery. An annular first guide groove on the outer wall surface of the sleeve body 54 which always communicates with the oil supply port 522 and receives oil supply from the oil supply port 522 even when the sleeve body 54 rotates together with the rotary body 53. 541 and an annular second guide groove 542 that is always in communication with the oil receiving port 530 and feeds oil to the oil receiving port 530 are formed. In addition, a one-way valve 55 from the entrance to the exit, whose entrance and exit communicate with the first guide groove 541 and the second guide groove 542, respectively, is provided in the wall of the sleeve body 54. Thereby, the oil supply from the oil supply port 522 sequentially passes through the first guide groove 541, the one-way valve 55, the second guide groove 542, the oil receiving port 530, and the oil passage 533. When the one-way valve 55 is sent to the side surface of the piston body 56 and presses the piston body 56 to close the chuck body 61 and the refueling from the refueling port 522 is stopped, the one-way valve 55 Closed, the downstream side of the one-way valve 55 can be maintained at a high pressure, and the upstream side can be maintained at a low pressure.
[0016]
A bearing 531 is provided between the fixed seat 52 and the rotating body 53, and a gap 543 a between the bearing 531 and the fixed seat 52 and the rotating body 53 is formed between the sleeve body 54 and the fixed body 52. Is in communication with a gap 543b that cannot be avoided at the boundary between them. Further, an oil collecting tank 513 is formed in the outer frame 51, and the oil collecting tank 513 is connected to the fixed seat 52 and the rotating body 53 of the bearing 531 via a path 524 formed in the fixed seat 52. Is communicated with the gap 543a. Further, a port 59 for introducing cool air is provided upstream of the one-way valve 55, and the cool air causes the sleeve body 54 to move from the upstream side of the one-way valve 55 after the one-way valve 55 is closed. Pressing while cooling the oil that has permeated into the inevitable gap 543b on the boundary surface between the oil and the fixed body 52, and sending the oil to the oil collecting tank 513 around the bearing 531 and the path 524. Can be. A check valve 591 is provided in the port 59.
[0017]
Further, a second chuck body 62 is provided on the opposite side of the chuck body 61 in a direction along the axis, and the rotating body is provided between the second chuck body 62 and the chuck body 61. An interlocking ring 58 is provided to transmit the opening / closing operation of the chuck body 61 to the second chuck body 62 by passing through the shaft hole 532 of the shaft 53.
[0018]
Further, first and second guide rings 571 and 572 are provided between the chuck body 60 and the piston body 56 and between the second chuck body 62 and the rotating body 53, respectively. The guide ring 571 is fixed to the piston body 56, the second guide ring 572 is fixed to the rotating body 53, and the first and second guide rings 571 and 572, the chuck body 61 and the The two chuck bodies 62 are in contact with inclined guide surfaces 611 and 621.
[0019]
When the oil chuck according to the present embodiment is used, first, the first guide groove 541, the one-way valve 55, the second guide groove 542, and the first guide groove 541 are supplied with oil from the oil supply port 522 of the fixed seat 52. By sending the oil through the oil receiving port 530 and the oil passage 533 onto the side surface of the piston body 56 in sequence and pressing the same, the piston body 56 is slid and the first guide ring 571 is pressed. By sliding the chuck body 61 along the guide surface 611, the chuck body 61 is slid and closed, and the opening and closing operation of the chuck body 61 is transmitted to the second chuck body via the interlocking ring 58, The second chuck body 62 is closed together with the chuck body 61 in cooperation with the second chuck body 62. In this manner, the chuck body 61 and the second chuck body 62 can perform processing with the vicinity of both ends of the work interposed therebetween.
[0020]
After the chuck body 61 and the second chuck body 62 sandwich the work, refueling from the oil supply port 522 is stopped, the one-way valve 55 is closed, and the downstream side of the one-way valve 55 is maintained at a high pressure. By doing so, the chuck body 61 and the second chuck body 62 can continue to press the piston body 56 while the work is sandwiched therebetween. On the other hand, the oil supply upstream of the one-way valve 55 passes through the inevitable gap 543b at the interface between the sleeve body 54 and the fixed body 52, and the fixed seat 52 of the bearing and the rotation Infiltration into the gap 543a between the body 53 and the upstream side of the one-way valve 55 is maintained at a low pressure.
[0021]
Conversely, when the chuck body 61 and the second chuck body 62 are to be opened, oil is supplied to the rotating body 53 from the second oil supply port 523 opened in the fixed seat 52. By sending the piston body 56 to the rear of the piston body 56 via the second oil passage 534 and pressing and sliding the piston body 56 in the opposite direction, the piston body 56 is moved through the first and second guide rings 571 and 572. The chuck body 61 and the second chuck body 62 can be opened.
[0022]
As described above, the oil chuck holds the low pressure between the fixed seat 52 and the sleeve body 54, that is, the upstream side of the one-way valve 55, when the work is sandwiched between the workpieces. High heat generated by high-speed rotation can be avoided between the sleeve 52 and the sleeve body 54, and high heat is prevented from being generated in the bearing 531 and other wear members or the chuck body 61 and the second chuck body 62. Can be.
[0023]
In addition, due to the cool air introduced from the port 59, it is inevitable from the upstream side of the one-way valve 55 after the one-way valve 55 is closed to the boundary surface between the sleeve body 54 and the fixed body 52. The oil permeated into the gap 543b can be pushed while cooling, and can be fed into the oil collecting tank 513 around the bearing 531 and through the path 524, so that high heat generated by high-speed rotation can be sufficiently avoided. it can.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the oil chuck according to the present invention, oil is supplied from the oil supply port to the first guide groove, the one-way valve, the second guide groove, the oil receiving port, and the oil path in order. Since it is sent to the side surface of the piston body via the piston body and presses the piston body to close the chuck body, it is possible to prevent the bearing from being worn with the chuck body and damaging the bearing. In high-speed rotation, the higher the oil supply pressure is, the higher the temperature is. On the other hand, if the oil supply pressure is low, it is difficult to generate a high temperature. When stopped, the one-way valve is closed, and the upstream side of the one-way valve can be maintained at a low pressure, so that during processing, high heat is generated in the chuck body or other constituent members. Can be avoided.
[0025]
The cool air introduced from the port 59 cools the oil that has infiltrated into the gap unavoidable at the boundary surface between the sleeve body and the fixed body and the gap between the fixed seat and the rotating body of the receiver, Since it can be maintained at a predetermined temperature, it is possible to avoid high heat generated by oil seeping into these gaps.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a conventional oil chuck.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing another conventional oil chuck.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another conventional oil chuck.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing another conventional oil chuck.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an oil chuck according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the oil chuck taken along a cutting line 6-6 in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 6;
[Explanation of symbols]
51 Outer frame 513 Oil collection tank 52 Fixed seat 522 Oil supply port 523 Second oil supply port 524 Path 53 Rotating body 530 Oil receiving port 531 Bearing 532 Shaft hole 533 Oil path 534 Second oil path 54 Sleeve body 541 First guide groove 542 second guide groove 543 gap 55 one-way valve 56 piston body 571 first guide ring 572 second guide ring 58 interlocking ring 59 port 591 check valve 61 chuck body 611 first guide surface 62 second chuck Body 621 second guide surface

Claims (5)

A substantially cylindrical outer frame (51), a fixed seat (52), and a rotating body (53) are provided coaxially from the outside to the inside, and a piston having a substantially cylindrical shape is provided in the outer frame. A body (56) and a chuck body (61) are provided so as to be adjacent to the fixed seat (52) and the rotating body (53) on the shaft, and an oil supply port is provided in the fixed seat (52). (522) is opened, and the piston body (56) is provided in the wall of the rotating body (53) after receiving oil supply from the oil supply port (522) through an oil receiving port (530) opened to the outside of the wall. An oil passage (533) for closing the chuck body (61) through the piston body (56) by pressing the oil chuck onto the side surface of the oil chuck.
A sleeve body (54) is externally fitted and fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating body (53) so that the sleeve body (54) slidably abuts the inner periphery of the fixed seat (52) at the outer periphery thereof.
Even when the sleeve body (54) rotates together with the rotating body (53) on the outer wall surface of the sleeve body (54), the sleeve body (54) is always in communication with the fuel filler port (522) and is connected to the oil filler port (522). An annular first guide groove (541) that receives oil supply and an annular second guide groove (542) that always communicates with the oil receiving port (530) and feeds oil to the oil receiving port (530). Formed
In addition, a one-way valve from an inlet to an outlet is provided in the wall of the sleeve body (54), the inlet and the outlet of which communicate with the first guide groove (541) and the second guide groove (542), respectively. (55) is provided,
Thereby, oil supply from the oil supply port (522) is performed by the first guide groove (541), the one-way valve (55), the second guide groove (542), the oil receiving port (530), The oil is sent to the side surface of the piston body (56) through the oil passage (533) in order, and the piston body (56) can be pressed to close the chuck body (61), and the oil supply can be performed. When the refueling from the port (522) is stopped, the one-way valve (55) is closed, and the downstream side of the one-way valve (55) can be maintained at a high pressure and the upstream side can be maintained at a low pressure. Oil chuck. A bearing (531) is provided between the fixed seat (52) and the rotating body (53), and a gap between the bearing (531) and the fixed seat (52) and the rotating body (53) is provided. , Which communicates with a gap at a boundary surface between the sleeve body (54) and the fixed seat (52), and an oil collecting tank (513) is formed in the outer frame (51). The oil collecting tank (513) is provided with a clearance between the fixed seat (52) of the bearing (531) and the rotating body (53) via a path (524) formed in the fixed seat (52). Is in communication with
A port (59) for introducing cool air is provided upstream of the one-way valve (55), and the cool air causes the one-way valve (55) to close from the upstream side of the one-way valve after the one-way valve (55) is closed. The oil permeating into the gap at the boundary between the sleeve body (54) and the fixed seat (52) is pressed while cooling, and is pushed around the bearing (531) and via the path (524). The oil chuck according to claim 1, wherein the oil chuck can be fed into the oil collecting tank (513). A second chuck body (62) is provided on the opposite side of the axis of the chuck body (61), and the rotating body is provided between the second chuck body (62) and the chuck body (61). An interlocking ring (58) for passing the opening and closing operation of the chuck body (61) through the shaft hole (532) of the body (53) to the second chuck body (62) for interlocking; The oil chuck according to claim 1 or 2, wherein First and second guide rings (571, 572) are provided between the chuck body (61) and the piston body (56) and between the second chuck body (62) and the rotating body (53), respectively. ) Is provided, the first guide ring (571) is fixed to the piston body (56), the second guide ring (572) is fixed to the rotating body (53), and the first and second guide rings (571) are fixed. The two guide rings (571, 572) are in contact with the chuck body (61) and the second chuck body (62) by inclined guide surfaces (611, 621). The oil chuck according to claim 3, wherein The oil chuck according to claim 2, wherein a check valve (591) is provided in the port (59).

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