JP3453674B2 - Spindle device of machine tool - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spindle device for machine tools capable of performing surface machining, hole machining, etc. by moving a tool in a direction orthogonal to the central axis of the spindle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A U-axis slider equipped with a tool fixing device is movably attached to a rotary face plate attached to the tip of a main shaft in a direction orthogonal to the central axis of the main shaft (U-axis direction). A spindle device for machine tools is known, which is capable of performing surface machining and hole machining by moving a tool fixing device in a direction orthogonal to a central axis of a spindle by moving a U-axis slider.

In such a spindle device of a machine tool, conventionally, a rotary face plate is connected to a taper hole of a tool fixing device and is connected to an air passage formed in the U-axis slider at a tool attaching / detaching position of the U-axis slider. U in the cutting fluid passage of the air supply pipe and the coolant nozzle provided in the U-axis slider.
Provide a hose that is always connected regardless of the position of the shaft slider, connect the air supply source to the air supply pipe to clean the taper hole with air when the tool is attached to or detached from the tool fixing device, and use the cutting fluid during machining. A structure is adopted in which (coolant liquid) is sent from a main shaft to a coolant nozzle through a hose and a cutting liquid passage and is jetted to a processed portion (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-124).
845).

[0004]

In the structure of the conventional spindle device for a machine tool, the air path from the air supply source to the air nozzle and the cutting fluid path from the cutting fluid supply source to the coolant nozzle are completely independent. Since it is provided, the structure is inevitably complicated.

An object of the present invention is to provide a spindle device for machine tools having a simple structure. Another object of the present invention is to
It is an object of the present invention to provide a spindle device for a machine tool that can easily switch between air and cutting fluid.

[0006]

In order to achieve at least one of the above objects, the invention according to claim 1 provides a rotating face plate attached to the tip of a main shaft with a tool inserted into a tapered hole. A U-axis slider equipped with a tool fixing device that grips by the backward movement of the adapter and releases the grip of the tool by the forward movement of the adapter is movably attached in a direction orthogonal to the central axis of the spindle. Into the center hole of the, a push rod inserted by the moving device to move the adapter of the tool fixing device forward by being moved forward along the rod guide and retracted by the moving device to allow the backward movement of the adapter is inserted. In a spindle device of a machine tool, the push rod has a rear passage and a front passage through which a fluid flows, and a feed port and an inflow port thereof are provided on an outer peripheral surface of the push rod. The adapter is provided with a communication hole that can communicate with the taper hole, and the rod guide is moved forward by a moving device to be fitted to the adapter so that the front passage is connected to the adapter. A communication groove that connects the inflow port to the delivery port in the state of being communicated with the communication hole of the adapter, and a communication groove that communicates with the delivery port of the push rod when the push rod is retracted by the moving device and separated from the adapter, The nozzle provided on the rotating face plate was provided with a flow path hole for allowing a fluid to flow therethrough.

In the above means, when the U-axis slider holding the tool by the tool fixing device is placed at the center position and the push rod is moved forward by the moving device to be fitted into the adapter of the tool fixing device, the push rod is moved to the rear passage. The front passage is connected via the connecting groove. Therefore, when the cutting fluid is sent to the rear passage, it flows through the connecting groove and the front passage to the communication hole of the adapter and is supplied to the tool as so-called center through.

When the push rod is further moved forward by the moving device in the above state, the tool fixing device releases the grip of the tool. When the tool is pulled out from the tapered hole, air is sent to the rear passage of the push rod to flow from the communication hole of the adapter to the tapered hole to clean the tapered hole. Even when the tool is loaded into the tapered hole, air is flown through the tapered hole to clean the tapered hole and the shank portion of the tool.

When the tool is moved from the center position to the eccentric position orthogonal to the central axis of the main shaft, the push rod is retracted by the moving device until the feed hole of the push rod is communicated with the flow passage hole, and the push rod is moved from the adapter. Separate and move the U-axis slider along the rotating face plate. When machining in this state, the cutting fluid is fed into the rear passage of the spindle. The cutting fluid flows from the delivery port of the rear passage to the flow passage hole and is jetted from the nozzle to the processed portion.

As described above, the air path and the cutting fluid path are
The center position of the U-axis slider (tool) is the same, and the rear passage of the push rod is shared by both paths at the eccentric position of the U-axis slider. Further, the push rod and the moving device are used both for operating the tool fixing device and for switching the fluid path.

In the spindle device for a machine tool according to claim 1, the moving device includes a connecting cylinder for advancing a push rod to fit the adapter, and a push rod fitted to the adapter together with the connecting cylinder. It is preferable that the tool fixing device is provided with a releasing cylinder that brings the tool fixing device into the released state by advancing the adapter forward and moving the adapter forward (claim 2). In this configuration, the push rod is moved forward and backward by the connecting cylinder and / or the releasing cylinder. Therefore, the push rod can be accurately and accurately moved to the predetermined position.

In the spindle device for a machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, a cutting fluid supply source and an air supply source can be connected to a rear passage of the push rod through a rotary joint (claim 3). With this configuration, the supply system of air and cutting fluid is simplified, and the air or cutting fluid can be smoothly sent to the rear passage of the push rod regardless of rotation and stop of the push rod.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 4 show an embodiment of a spindle device of a machine tool according to the present invention. The main spindle device includes a main spindle 1, a rotary face plate 2, a U-axis slider 3, a tool fixing device 4, a rod guide 5, a push rod 6, a moving device 7, and a rotary joint 8.

The spindle 1 has a central hole 1a, and the housing 1
It is rotatably supported in the bearing 0 by a bearing 11. The rotary face plate 2 is fixed to the tip of the main shaft 1 and rotates together with the main shaft 1. In addition, the U-axis slider 3 is attached to the retainer 1
It is attached to the rotary face plate 2 by 3, 13 so that it can be moved along the retainers 13, 13 in a direction orthogonal to the central axis of the main shaft 1 and fixed at an arbitrary position. The structure of the above spindle device is well known.

The tool fixing device 4 is provided on the U-axis slider 3, and has a fixed tube 15, a movable tube 16 and a locking member 17.
, Collet 18, connecting pipe 19, and adapter 20
And the biasing spring 21 are the main components. The fixed cylinder 15 is
The tool T (including the tool holder) has a tapered hole (mounting hole) 15a into which the shank portion is inserted and a through hole 15b, and U
It is fixed to the shaft slider 3 with a large number of bolts 23 (only one is shown in FIG. 1). In addition, the movable tube 16
The locking member 17 is movably inserted into the through hole 15b of the fixed barrel 15 with the movable tube 16 disposed on the main shaft 1 side.
An adapter 20 is attached to the end of the movable pipe 16, and a connecting pipe 19 is inserted into the locking member 17.

The adapter 20 has a communication hole 20a, and the base 2 is biased toward the main shaft 1 by a biasing spring 21 composed of a disc spring.
It is fixed at 4. The collet 18 is provided with its base end locked to the locking member 17, and the locking member 17 is moved by the biasing force of the biasing spring 21 as shown in the upper half of FIG. When it is moved to the main shaft 1 side via the pin, the tip is narrowed to grip the projection Ta of the tool T, and the adapter 20 is pushed to the left in FIG. 1 against the urging force of the urging spring 21. As in the lower half of FIG. 1, the tip is opened to release the grip of the protrusion Ta. Further, the connection pipe 19 is adapted to be inserted into the through hole Tb of the tool T.

The rod guide 5 is fixed to the main shaft 1, and the push rod 6 is centered on the main shaft 1 in the front and rear direction (the left side in FIG. 1 is the front,
The right side is later. ) Is freely supported. The rod guide 5 is formed with a flow path hole 5a and a communication groove 5b. The flow path hole 5a is connected to the coolant nozzle 26 attached to the retainer 13 through the connecting holes 2a and 13a formed in the rotary surface plate 2 and the retainer 13.

The push rod 6 is formed by integrally fitting a front end member 6a, an intermediate member 6b and a rear member 6c. The push rod 6 is formed with a rear passage 6d and a front passage 6e for allowing the fluid to flow therethrough by opening the respective outlets 6do and the inlets 6eo on the outer peripheral surface of the push rod 6.

The moving device 7 includes a connecting cylinder 28 for advancing the push rod 6 and fitting the front end of the push rod 6 into the adapter 20, and an advancing device for advancing the push rod 6 together with the connecting cylinder 28 in the above state. It is composed of a releasing cylinder 29 that moves forward against the elastic force of the biasing spring 21.

The rear member 6c of the push rod 6 is connected to the piston 28a of the connecting cylinder 28 by the piston 28a.
A minute movement in the axial direction with respect to is freely inserted by a stopper ring or the like (not shown) so as to be freely rotatable in the circumferential direction, and the connecting cylinder 28 is a piston of the releasing cylinder 29. A pressing spring 30 made of a coil spring is provided between the rear member 6c and the piston 28a. When the push rod 6 is moved forward by the piston 28a of the connecting cylinder 28 and the tip of the push spring 30 is fitted into the communication hole 20a of the adapter 20, the push spring 30 has a minute amount of the push rod 6 with respect to the piston 28a. Move forward,
The fitting between the adapter 20 and the push rod 6 is elastically held.

Here, the delivery port 6do of the push rod 6
The relationship between the inflow port 6eo, the flow path hole 5a of the rod guide 5, the communication groove 5b, and the like will be described. When both the piston of the releasing cylinder 29 (the connecting cylinder 28) and the piston 28a of the connecting cylinder 28 are retracted as shown in FIG. 1, the push rod 6 is retracted as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The delivery port 6do of the push rod 6 is aligned with the flow path hole 5a of the rod guide 5 while being separated from the adapter 20.

From the above state, the connecting cylinder 2
8, the push rod 6 moves forward as shown in FIG. 3, the tip of the push rod 6 is fitted into the communication hole 20a of the adapter 20, and the outlet 6do and the inlet 6eo of the push rod 6 are moved. Both of them are aligned with the connecting groove 5b of the rod guide 5 and the front passage 6 is formed in the rear passage 6d.
e will be contacted. Further, when the releasing cylinder 29 operates to advance the connecting cylinder 28 in the above-described state in which the piston 28a has advanced, the push rod 6 causes the adapter 20 to move.
Is pressed to move forward (see FIG. 4), the collet 18 is opened, and the grip of the tool T is released.

The rotary joint 8 is provided on the rear member 6c of the push rod 6. A cutting liquid supply source 32 and an air supply source 33 are connected to the rotary joint 8 via check valves 34 and 35, respectively, and the cutting liquid and air are selectively sent to the rear passage 6d of the push rod 6. Is able to.

Next, the operation of the spindle device of the machine tool configured as described above will be described. 1 and 2 show a releasing cylinder 2
9 shows a state in which both pistons of 9 and the connecting cylinder 28 are retracted. As described above, the push rod 6 is separated from the adapter 20, and the delivery port 6do of the push rod 6 is connected to the flow path hole 5a of the rod guide 5. is doing. When the cutting fluid supply source 32 is operated in this state, the cutting fluid is supplied to the check valve 34, the rotary joint 8, the rear passage 6d of the push rod 6, the flow passage hole 5a of the rod guide 5, the rotary face plate 2 and the retainer 13. It flows into the coolant nozzle 26 through the communication holes 2a and 13a, and is jetted from the coolant nozzle 26 to the processing site. In this case, as described above, the adapter 2
Since the push rod 6 is separated from 0, the cutting fluid can be supplied to the cutting point regardless of the position of the U-axis slider 3.

When the U-axis slider 3 is placed in the center position and the connecting cylinder 28 is operated in the retracted position to advance the push rod 6, the push rod 6 or the adapter 20 is fitted and the push rod 6 is pushed as shown in FIG. The front passage 6e is connected to the rear passage 6d of the rod 6 via the connecting groove 5b (the flow passage hole 5a of the rod guide 5 is closed by the push rod 6). So in this case,
The cutting fluid is used as the check valve 34, the rotary joint 8, the rear passage 6d of the push rod 6, and the connecting groove 5 of the rod guide 5.
b, the front passage 6e of the push rod 6, the communication hole 20a of the adapter 20, and the connection pipe 19 in that order, are fed into the through hole Tb of the tool T, and are supplied to the processing location through the through hole Tb. At this time, the pressing spring 30 presses the push rod 6 to press it against the adapter 20, but since the force thereof is sufficiently smaller than that of the biasing spring 21, the adapter 2
0 does not move forward.

When removing the tool T from the tool fixing device 4,
In the above state, the supply of the cutting fluid from the cutting fluid supply source 32 is stopped, the air is circulated from the air supply source 33 to the through hole Tb of the tool T to discharge the cutting fluid in the path, and then the releasing cylinder 29. By moving the connecting cylinder 28 forward with, the adapter 20 is moved forward by the push rod 6 and the gripping of the tool T by the collet 18 is released. At the same time that the tool T is pulled out from the taper hole 1a, air flows into the connection pipe 1
9 is ejected into the taper hole 15a to clean the taper hole 15a and the shank portion of the tool T.

As will be understood from the above, in the present spindle device, the flow path of cutting fluid and the flow path of air coincide with each other when the U-axis slider 3 is at the center position, and
When the shaft slider 3 is moved to the eccentric position, the rear passage 6d of the push rod 6 is shared by both routes. Therefore, the path configuration of the cutting fluid and the air becomes simple. In addition, since the push rod 6 and the moving device 7 are also used for operating the tool fixing device 4 and switching the fluid path, the structure is simple in this respect as well, and switching between air and cutting fluid is facilitated.

In the present invention, the tool fixing device 4 and the moving device 7 are not limited to those shown in the figures, but can be arbitrary and various design changes can be made.

[0029]

As described above, according to the invention of claim 1, the structure of the flow path of the air and the cutting fluid is simple,
Moreover, it is possible to provide a spindle device of a machine tool that can easily switch between them.

In the spindle device of a machine tool according to claim 1, the moving device includes a connecting cylinder for advancing a push rod to fit the adapter, and a push rod fitted to the adapter together with the connecting cylinder. If a configuration is provided with a release cylinder that moves the adapter forward to move the tool fixing device to the release state, the push rod can be moved to a predetermined position by simple on / off control of the connection cylinder and the release cylinder. You will be able to move it with high precision.

In the spindle device for a machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, when the cutting fluid supply source and the air supply source are connected to the rear passage of the push rod through a rotary joint, the flow paths of the air and the cutting fluid are formed. The common part becomes longer and the supply system of air and cutting fluid becomes simpler.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a spindle device for a machine tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the push rod is retracted away from the adapter.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where a push rod advances and is fitted into an adapter.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where a push rod pushes an adapter to move it forward.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Spindle 1a Center hole 2 Rotating face plate 3 U-axis slider 4 Tool fixing device 5 Rod guide 5a Channel hole 5b Communication groove 6 Push rod 6d Rear passage 6do Outlet 6e Front passage 6eo Inlet 7 Moving device 8 Rotary joint 15a Tapered hole 20 adapter 20a communication hole 26 Coolant nozzle 28 Connection cylinder 29 Release cylinder 32 Cutting fluid supply source 33 Air supply source T tool

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rotating face plate attached to the tip of a main shaft is provided with a tool fixing device for holding a tool inserted in a taper hole by backward movement of an adapter and releasing the holding of the tool by forward movement of the adapter. U-axis slider
It is movably mounted in a direction orthogonal to the central axis of the main shaft, and is advanced along the rod guide by the moving device into the central hole of the main shaft to move the adapter of the tool fixing device forward, and also the moving device. In a spindle device of a machine tool in which a push rod that is retracted by means of a push rod for freeing the backward movement of the adapter is inserted, in the push rod, there are a rear passage and a front passage through which a fluid flows, and a rear passage and a front passage. The inlet is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the push rod, and the adapter is provided with a communication hole capable of communicating with the tapered hole. The rod guide is provided with a push rod that is moved forward by a moving device. A connecting groove that is fitted to the adapter and connects the inlet to the outlet in a state where the front passage communicates with the communication hole of the adapter, and a push In the state in which the lid is retracted by the moving device and separated from the adapter, it is connected to the delivery port of the push rod, and the nozzle provided on the rotating face plate is provided with a flow path hole for allowing fluid to flow. Characteristic machine tool spindle device. 2. The moving device moves a push rod forward to fit an adapter, and a push rod fitted to the adapter together with the connecting cylinder to move the adapter forward. 2. The spindle device for a machine tool according to claim 1, further comprising a releasing cylinder that brings the tool fixing device into a released state. 3. The spindle device for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a cutting fluid supply source and an air supply source are connected to a rear passage of the push rod via a rotary joint.