JP3479760B2 - Spindle device of machine tool - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spindle device of a machine tool, and more particularly to a device for causing mist generation through a lock rod for locking the mounted state of a tool holder.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In machining with a machine tool, a large amount of cutting fluid is supplied to a machining part for cooling and lubricating a work piece or a blade, or for removing chips. And the health of the human body, the large cost of waste oil treatment of cutting fluid, the shortening of the tool life due to overcooling of the work piece, and the sliding wear during fine cutting of the blade due to excessive cutting oil. However, since a large amount of cutting oil adheres to the chips during processing, it is necessary to separate the cutting oil that has adhered to the chips when processing or reusing the chips, but there is a problem that this process costs a lot. is there.

In order to solve these problems, in recent years, a very small amount of cutting fluid is made into a mist and supplied to the processing section. Specifically, a cutting tool fixed to the tip of the spindle is used. By passing through a mist supply pipe provided in the vicinity, the mist m of cutting oil is jetted from a position in the vicinity of the blade toward the processing section.

[0004]

In the above-mentioned conventional means, when the machined portion is located at a relatively deep position of the workpiece such as hole machining, the mist is blocked by the workpiece, the blade or the chips. It will not be possible to fully enter the processing part. For this reason, the processing portion is not sufficiently cooled or lubricated, and depending on the degree thereof, not only efficient processing cannot be performed but also processing becomes impossible.

In order to solve this problem, the applicant of the present invention installed a mist generating device on the tip end side of the main shaft as far as possible to generate a mist, and provided this mist directly on the center line of rotation of the main shaft and tool holder. A spindle device having a structure in which it is ejected from the opening at the tip of the blade through a mist passage in the shape of a knife has been proposed, and it has already been actually manufactured and has been well received.

However, depending on the structure of the spindle device, a mist passage having a sufficient cross-sectional size cannot be formed on the rotation center line of the clamp means, so that an effective mist cannot be generated from the tip of the blade. Therefore, this will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

These drawings show an existing main spindle device. 1 is a main spindle, 2 is a support frame that rotatably holds the main spindle 1, 3 is a tool holder fitted to the main spindle 1, and 4 is the same holder 3. It is a fixed blade.

The main shaft 1 has a rotary shaft 5, a clamping unit 6, a draw bar 7 and the like.

The clamping unit 6 comprises a guide tube 8 fixed to the support frame 2 and a lock rod 9 mounted on the guide tube 8 so as to be slidable.

The tool holder 3 has a tapered portion 3a and an end surface portion 3b.
The two-face restraint type is provided with the tapered portion 3a inserted into the tapered hole 8a of the guide tube 8 and the end surface portion 3b abutting on the front surface of the guide tube 8.

The detailed structure for clamping and unclamping is as follows. That is, a projecting inner cylindrical portion 8b is formed in the tapered hole 8a of the guide cylinder 8, and through holes p ...
A sphere k is fitted in each through hole p.

Further, recessed portions 9a, which engage with the spherical body, are formed at two positions in the diametrical direction of the tip portion of the lock rod 9.

On the other hand, the tapered portion 3a of the tool holder 3 is formed with a hole into which the inner cylindrical portion 8b is fitted, and the peripheral wall of this hole has two through holes p1 into which the spherical body k is fitted.・ ・
Are formed.

In the above structure, when the tool holder 3 is clamped, the tapered portion 3a is moved to the tapered hole 8a of the guide tube 8 while the draw bar 7 is moved in the arrow direction f1.
Then, the drawbar 7 is pulled in the opposite direction of the arrow f1. As a result, the spherical body k is moved by the wedge action of the slope of the recess 9a of the lock rod 9 into the inner cylindrical portion 8b.
Of the taper portion 3a is strongly pressed against the inclined inner peripheral surface of the through hole p1 of the taper portion 3a, the pulling force is applied to the taper portion 3a, and the tool holder 3 is clamped.

On the other hand, when the tool holder 3 is unclamped, the draw bar 7 is moved in the direction of the arrow f1, whereby the sphere 9 is retracted into the recess 9a, and the tool holder 3 can be removed. It will be in a clamped state.

In the spindle device having such a structure, in order to eject the mist from the tip of the blade 4 as in the case of the above-mentioned proposal, the mist is arranged on the center line of the lock rod 9 existing on the rotation center line of the main shaft 1. Although it is necessary to form a mist passage having a required cross-sectional size over the entire length, the lock rod 9 has relatively large recessed portions 9a at two opposite positions on its peripheral surface, as shown in FIG. Since the thickness of the central portion is small, it is impossible to form a mist passage of a required size.

Under these circumstances, the applicant tried the following. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, a mist passage 10 having a required cross-sectional size is formed at the center of the base end portion of the lock rod 9, and the tip of the mist passage 10 is provided with two vertical passages 10a and 10b.
Each of the passages 10a is formed so as to pass through a relatively thick wall portion in the radial direction in the portion where the recess 9a exists, as shown in FIG.

In addition to the mist generator 11, the mist generator 11 and the mist passage 10 of the lock rod 9 are provided on the center line of the drawbar 7 so that the other points are in line with the purpose of the above proposal. The mist passage 12 for communication is provided, and the tool holder 3 and the blade 4 are also provided with the mist passages 3c and 4a.

When the main spindle device having such a structure is actually operated, the mist ejected from the tip of the blade 4 does not come as expected, and it is ejected unstablely and irregularly, and occasionally, It became a mixture of liquid materials.

The main reason for this is that the passages 11, 12, 10, 10a, 3c and 4a through which the mist passes are not linearly arranged, and some passages 10a deviate from the center of rotation of the main shaft 1. Therefore, the mist passing through the passage is affected by the centrifugal force and a gas-liquid separation phenomenon occurs, and the other is that the mist flow collides with the tip surface s of the mist passage 10 and becomes liquid. It is considered that the liquid is ejected and is ejected in the mixed state of the liquid.

The present invention has been devised on the basis of such a problem. That is, since the lock rod has a recessed portion on the peripheral surface, a mist passage having a required cross-sectional size is provided at the center line portion of the lock rod. An object of the present invention is to provide a spindle device for machine tools capable of continuously ejecting a mist having a stable and uniform concentration from the tip of a blade even when it is impossible.

[0022]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided a spindle device in which a lock rod having a recessed portion formed on a peripheral surface thereof is mounted at a rotation center portion of a spindle tip portion. A mist passage is formed on the center line, and the first passage communicated with this mist passage at an inner peripheral surface of the passage slightly upstream of the tip surface of the mist passage and the mist passage at the tip surface portion. And a second passage which is made to reach the tool holder side than the recessed portion through the thick portion of the lock rod, and the first passage on the tool holder side further than the recessed portion. Atomizing passage means 15 and 16 were formed to join the second passage to atomize the liquid in the second passage, and the outlet of the atomizing passage means was opened at the tip of the cutting tool of the tool holder. The configuration.

At this time, in the first passage, the thick portion in the middle of the lock rod in the radial direction is passed in the direction of the center line of the rod,
The second passage passes through the thick portion of the lock rod at the substantially central portion.

Further, the lock rod used in the above invention is one in which a concave portion with which a sphere for locking the mounted state of the tool holder is engaged is formed on the peripheral surface, and the concave portion is present. An independent vertical passage in the direction of the center line is formed at the central portion of the thick portion and the portion other than this central portion.

At this time, a mist passage is formed on the center line on the base end side of the recessed portion, and one vertical passage is at the inner peripheral surface of the passage slightly upstream of the tip end surface of the mist passage. It is preferable that the other vertical passage communicates with the mist passage at the tip end surface portion.

[0026]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a part of a spindle device according to the present invention, FIG. 5 is a view showing a part of the device in a deformed state, and FIG. 6 is a view showing the deformed state. Another figure, FIG.
Is a cross-sectional view of the recessed portion of the lock rod, and FIG. 8 is a view showing the atomizing passage member. In these figures, the same parts as those described above are designated by the same reference numerals.

In the figure, reference numeral 12 denotes an inner tube fitted in a vertical hole 9b provided on the center line of the base end side of the lock rod 9 and having a vertically extending through hole p2 at the central portion of the tip surface s. , And through holes p3 in the radial direction at two opposite positions on the peripheral surface near the tip.
・ ・ Is provided. The inner hole of the inner tube 12 is used as the mist passage 10.

The two vertical passages 10a, 10a form a first passage which communicates with the mist passage 10 at an inner peripheral surface portion of the passage 10 slightly upstream of the tip end surface of the mist passage 10. The mist passage 10 is communicated with each other through the through holes p3 and p3.

Reference numeral 13 is a vertical passage provided on the center line of the lock rod 9 as shown in FIG. 7, and is formed as a second passage by communicating with the mist passage 10 through the through hole p2 of the tip surface s. .

By the way, the first and second passages may be formed as follows. That is, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the vertical hole 9b is used as it is as the mist passage 10,
Further, the two vertical passages 10a and 10a are connected to the mist passage 10 at the peripheral portion of the tip portion of the mist passage 10 as in the conventional case. Under this structure, the partition cylinder member 14 including the front end surface portion 14a and the peripheral surface portion 14b of a specific length is densely inserted, and the passages 10a and 10a are connected to the mist passage 10 at a position m above the rear end edge of the cylinder member 14. The first passage is formed by communicating with each other. The vertical passage 13 communicates with the mist passage 10 through the through hole p2 formed in the tip end surface of the partition cylinder member 14 to form the second passage 13.

A large diameter portion 3d is provided on an upper portion of the mist passage 3c of the tool holder 3, and a fluid guide cylinder 15 is fitted therein.

The fluid guide cylinder 15 has a spring receiver 15a and a sliding guide surface 15b formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof, and a trumpet-shaped passage 15c formed at the upper end of the inner peripheral surface thereof.

16 is a first passage 10a ... And a second passage 13
And the atomizing passage member, which is specifically made as follows.

That is, the sliding guide surface 15b of the fluid guide cylinder 15
The main part is a sliding cylinder part 16a which is fitted onto the outside and is guided in the vertical direction, and a partition wall 16b is formed near the upper end of the sliding cylinder part 16a. An annular space 1 is formed around the partition wall 16b.
A vertical vertical hole p4 (see FIG. 8) communicating with the first passage 10a ...
At the center of 6b, there are formed a part projecting upward and a part projecting so that the lower end surface is located at the center of the small diameter part of the trumpet-shaped passage 15c. The second passage 13 is formed at the center of these parts. A vertically oriented nozzle hole 16d that communicates is provided. Further, a large diameter portion a1 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the sliding cylinder portion 16a, and the upper portion thereof is a sliding surface a2.

Reference numeral 17 denotes a spring receiver 1 of the fluid guide cylinder 15.
A spring mounted between 5a and the large-diameter portion a1 of the atomizing passage member 16 is for biasing the atomizing passage member 16 upward.

Reference numeral 18 is a locking cylinder externally fitted to the fluid guide cylinder 15 so as to be slidably displaced. The locking cylinder is fitted to the upper end of the large diameter hole 3d of the tool holder 3 and is restricted from coming out. .

An example of use and operation of the device of the present invention having such a configuration will be described. When the tool holder 3 is removed from the spindle 1, the atomizing passage member 16 has its lower end at the spring 1
When pushed by 7, the large diameter portion a1 is projected upward to a position where it is locked to the lower end of the locking cylinder 18.

When the holder 3 is clamped, the lock rod 9 is first moved in the direction of arrow f1,
The taper portion 3a is inserted into the taper hole 8a, and the upper end surface of the atomizing passage member 16 contacts the tip end surface of the lock rod 9 and is further pressed downward against the elastic force of the spring 17. As a result, the tool holder 3 is inserted to a position where it can be clamped without any trouble.

Thereafter, the draw bar is pulled to displace the lock rod 9 upward, whereby the tool holder 3 is clamped as described above.

At this time, the tip end surface of the lock rod 9 tries to separate upward from the atomizing passage member 16, but since the atomizing passage member 16 is pushed upward by the elasticity of the spring 17, the two are kept in close contact with each other. Therefore, in the clamped state, the first passages 10a ...
, And the second passage 13 is connected to the nozzle hole 16d.

During use of the device of the present invention, the mist generator 11
The mist generated in (see FIG. 1) reaches the mist passage 10 through the mist passage 12 and collides with the tip surface s of the mist passage 10.
And a part of it is liquefied here.

The mist component which has not been liquefied at this time passes through the through holes p3 ...
0a ··· smoothly flows, while the liquefied component does not flow into the through hole 10a ··· due to its large specific gravity, but tends to flow into the through hole p2 with some retention. .

Thus, the mist component flowing into the first passage 10a ... Is vigorously ejected from the trumpet-like passage 15c around the nozzle hole 16d through the through hole p4, and this ejection is negative pressure at the tip of the nozzle hole 16d. Will be generated.

On the other hand, the liquefied component at the entrance of the second passage 13 is positively sucked by the negative pressure to positively affect the nozzle hole 1.
6d is sucked into the inside of 6d, and then is discharged from the tip thereof, and the liquefied component thus discharged merges with the mist component while being forcibly atomized in the fluid guide cylinder 15 by the flow energy of the mist component, Is made to be a uniform concentration. After that, the mist is ejected from the tip of the blade 4 through the mist passages 3c and 4a.

In the above embodiment, the location where the mist passage 10 communicates with the first and second passages 10a and 13 may be located above the lock rod 9, and the atomizing passage member 16 is locked. It may be provided at the tip of the rod 9.

[0046]

According to the present invention configured as described above, even if the lock rod has a recessed portion on its peripheral surface, a mist passage of a required size cannot be provided on the center line thereof. However, the mist can be made to flow to the cutting tool side through the passage provided in the thick portion of the lock rod, and the mist of uniform concentration can be ejected stably and continuously from the tip of the cutting tool.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a spindle device which is the basis of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a part of the device.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a recessed portion of a lock rod of the device.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view showing an example of a spindle device embodying the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state in which a part of the device is deformed.

FIG. 6 is another view showing a state in which a part of the device is deformed.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a recessed portion of a lock rod of the device.

FIG. 8 is a view showing an atomizing passage member of the same device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 spindle 3 Tool holder 9 Lock rod 9a recess 10 mist passage 10a First passage 13 Second passage 16 Atomizing passage member

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A spindle device, wherein a lock rod having a recessed portion formed on a circumferential surface is mounted at a rotation center position of a spindle tip portion, wherein a mist passage is formed on a rotation center line of the spindle, and a tip of the mist passage is formed. A first passage communicating with the mist passage at an inner peripheral surface portion of the passage slightly upstream of the surface and a second passage communicating with the mist passage at the tip surface portion are provided. The two passages reach the tool holder side from the recess through the thick part of the lock rod , and
A first passage and a second passage are provided on the tool holder side of the recessed portion.
And the liquid in the second passage is atomized.
The atomizing passage means is formed, and the outlet of the atomizing passage means is used as a tool.
A spindle device for a machine tool, which is opened toward a mist passage of a holder . 2. The first passage of the lock rod allows a thick portion in the radial direction of the lock rod to pass in the direction of the center line of the rod, and the second passage has a thick portion at a substantially central portion of the lock rod. The spindle device of a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the spindle device is passed through. 3. The atomizing passage means comprises an atomizing passage member and a liquid guide.
It consists of a cylinder, and a protruding protrusion at the center of the atomizing passage member.
Cruising, and multiple through holes surrounding it
Nothing, and the upper end of the inner surface of the fluid guide tube is a trumpet.
The small diameter portion of the trumpet-shaped passage
In addition, the protruding nozzle hole of the atomizing passage member is provided.
The work according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that
Machine spindle device . 4. The peripheral through-hole in the atomizing passage member is front.
The first passage of the lock rod and the through hole in the center are
4. The spindle device for machine tools according to claim 3, wherein the spindle device corresponds to and abuts against the second passage of the cock rod .