DK174221B1 - headstock - Google Patents

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Publication number
DK174221B1
DK174221B1 DK200000758A DKPA200000758A DK174221B1 DK 174221 B1 DK174221 B1 DK 174221B1 DK 200000758 A DK200000758 A DK 200000758A DK PA200000758 A DKPA200000758 A DK PA200000758A DK 174221 B1 DK174221 B1 DK 174221B1
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DK
Denmark
Prior art keywords
piston
spindle
compressed air
sleeve
gas valve
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Application number
DK200000758A
Other languages
Danish (da)
Inventor
Torkild Baltzer Hansen
Original Assignee
F A Mueggler Service As
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Application filed by F A Mueggler Service As filed Critical F A Mueggler Service As
Priority to DK200000758A priority Critical patent/DK174221B1/en
Priority to PCT/DK2001/000320 priority patent/WO2001085372A1/en
Priority to AU58226/01A priority patent/AU5822601A/en
Publication of DK200000758A publication Critical patent/DK200000758A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DK174221B1 publication Critical patent/DK174221B1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
    • F16C32/0603—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion
    • F16C32/0614—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion the gas being supplied under pressure, e.g. aerostatic bearings
    • F16C32/0618—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion the gas being supplied under pressure, e.g. aerostatic bearings via porous material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/02—Chucks
    • B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
    • B23B31/12—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable
    • B23B31/16—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable moving radially
    • B23B31/16287—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable moving radially using fluid-pressure means to actuate the gripping means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)

Description

DK 174221 B1DK 174221 B1

Opfindelsen angår en spindeldok til til udførelse af drejearbejde berég'nede maskiner eller automater, såsom drejebænke eller drejemaskiner og lignende, og af den art, som er angivet i den indledende del af krav 1.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a spindle dock for performing turning machines or machines, such as lathes or lathes, and the like, and of the kind set forth in the preamble of claim 1.

Der kendes en spindeldok af den indledningsvis nævnte art, og som med henblik på 5 bevægelse af spændetangens eller -patronens kæber arbejder med hydraulik. Dette er o ikke helt tilfredsstillende, hvis drejebænken eller drejemaskinen skal arbejde ved omdrejningstal på 6.000 o/m og derover, og det stangformede drejemateriale, der skal bearbejdes på maskinen, og som strækker sig gennem hovedspindelen, midlertidigt skal kunne slippes af spændetangen eller -patronen med henblik på fremføring af drejematerialet og 10 så fikseres igen i spændetangen eller -patronen. Erfaringer har vist, at den indretning, der leder hydraulikvæsken frem, uhyre let løber varm, og at metalflader, som løber varme, meget hurtigt brænder sammen. Varme fra rulle- eller glidelejer eller fra olietætninger m. v. i hydrauliksystemet overføres til drejebænken- eller maskinens hovedspindel og drejematerialet og påvirker bænkens eller maskinens kapabilitet (dvs. evne til at 15 overholde de til de færdige emner stillede tolerancekrav). Varmen giver altså problemer med de færdige emners målfasthed.There is known a spindle dock of the kind mentioned above, and which works with hydraulics for movement of the jaws of the clamp or cartridge. This is o not entirely satisfactory if the lathe or lathe is to operate at speeds of 6,000 rpm and above and the rod-shaped torque to be machined on the machine extending through the main spindle must be temporarily released by the clamp or cartridge for advancing the swivel material and then being fixed again in the clamping pliers or cartridge. Experience has shown that the device that conducts the hydraulic fluid runs very easily, and that metal surfaces that run heat burn very quickly. Heat from roller or slide bearings or from oil seals etc. in the hydraulic system is transferred to the lathe or machine's main spindle and the turning material and affects the bench or machine's capability (ie ability to meet the tolerance requirements set for the finished items). The heat thus causes problems with the finish of the finished items.

Fra beskrivelsen til fransk patent nr. 1.028.286 kendes en spindelkonstruktion, hvor en spændepatron i en spændeklo er aksialt forbundet med en hul træk- og trykstang, og hvor et trykluftpåvirket stempel omkranset af et cylindrisk hus bevæger stangen. Huset, 20 akselen og kloen er i drejefast forbindelse. Træk- og trykstangen med spændepatronen er ligeledes i drejefast forbindelse med stemplet. Ved stemplets aksiale frem- og tilbagegående forskydning vil spændepatronen og kloen gå i ind- og udgreb. Et med stangen coaksialt hus for lejer og trykluftforsyning forskydes med stangens aksielle bevægelse.From the specification of French Patent No. 1,028,286 there is known a spindle construction in which a clamping cartridge in a clamping claw is axially connected to a hollow draw and pressure rod, and where a compressed air piston surrounded by a cylindrical housing moves the rod. The housing, the shaft and the claw are in pivotal connection. The pull and push rod with the clamping cartridge are also in pivotal connection with the piston. At the axial reciprocal displacement of the piston, the clamping cartridge and claw will engage and engage. A bearing coaxial housing for bearings and compressed air supply is displaced by the axial movement of the rod.

Selve trykluften ledes frem til for- og bagside af stemplet via huset. Denne konstruktion, 25 som er fra 1953, er ikke helt tilfredsstillende, fordi den - hver gang det stangformede drejemateriale skal skubbes frem klar til drejning af et nyt emne - kræver, at spindelens omløbstal reduceres helt ned til 200 o/m. Dette betyder, at produktionstiden per drejet DK 174221 B1 2 enhed bliver forholdsvis lang. Desuden er træk-trykstangen forsynet med kanaler, hvilket svækker dens styrke.The compressed air itself is directed to the front and back of the piston via the housing. This design, 25 which dates from 1953, is not entirely satisfactory because it - every time the rod-shaped swivel material has to be pushed forward ready for rotation of a new workpiece - requires that the spindle's rotational speed be reduced down to 200 rpm. This means that the production time per turned DK 174221 B1 2 unit becomes relatively long. In addition, the drawbar is provided with channels, which weakens its strength.

Det er formålet med opfindelsen at anvise en spindeldok af den indledningsvis nævnte art, som muliggør hurtig gribning og frigørelse af et stangformet drejemateriale ved 5 hjælp af spændetangen eller -patronen (idet drejematerialet passerer gennem den hule hovedspindel), alt mens hovedspindelen roterer med hastigheder over 6.000 o/m, og det uden at der indtræder varmløbning af de roterende dele, og uden at man behøver at reducere spindelens omløbstal under spændetangens/-patronens frigørelse og fremføring af drejemateriale og fornyet gribning af sidstnævnte.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the invention to provide a spindle dock of the kind mentioned above, which enables rapid gripping and release of a rod-shaped turning material by means of the clamping tong or cartridge (the turning material passing through the hollow main spindle) as the main spindle rotates at speeds above 6,000 rpm, and that without hot-running the rotating parts, and without having to reduce the spindle number during the release of the clamp / cartridge and advance the turning material and re-engage the latter.

10 Spindeldokken ifølge opfindelsen er ejendommelig ved det i den kendetegnende del af krav 1 angivne. Herved opnås en meget præcis og driftssikker styring af det nævnte stempels aksialbevægelse, så at træk-trykstangen kan bevæges meget nøjagtigt, hvorved igen spændetangens eller spændepatronens kæber (klør) kan føres pålideligt radialt ud og ind i forhold til drejematerialet, og det medens hovedspindelen vedvarende roterer 15 med højt omløbstal (over 6000 o/m). Det er altså ikke nødvendigt ved fremføring af drejemateriale til et nyt emne at reducere spindelens omløbstal. Desuden opnås ved hjælp af trykluft en meget pålidelig bortledning af varme ved gasventilbøsningens lejedele og coaksialbøsningen. Ved anvendelse af nævnte coaksialbøsning kan træk-trykstangen holdes fri for trykluftkanaler, hvilket styrker spindeldokkens driftssikkerhed.The spindle doll according to the invention is characterized by the part of claim 1. Hereby a very precise and reliable control of the axial movement of said piston is obtained, so that the push-pull rod can be moved very accurately, whereby the jaws (claws) of the clamping or clamping cartridge can again be reliably moved radially out and in relation to the turning material, and also the main spindle rotates 15 with high orbital speed (over 6000 rpm). Thus, it is not necessary to reduce the rotational speed of the spindle when feeding rotating material to a new workpiece. In addition, by means of compressed air, a very reliable dissipation of heat is obtained at the gas valve sleeve bearing parts and the coaxial sleeve. By using said coaxial bushing, the drawbar can be kept free of compressed air ducts, which strengthens the spindle dock's reliability.

20 Ifølge opfindelsen kan coaksialbøsningen udgøres af en cylindrisk del og en radialt forløbende kravedel, via hvilken sidste coaksialbøsningen kan være skruet fast på spæn-decylinderen. Herved opnås en meget simpel konstruktion.According to the invention, the coaxial sleeve can be formed by a cylindrical member and a radially extending collar portion, through which the last coaxial sleeve may be screwed onto the clamping cylinder. This results in a very simple construction.

Ifølge opfindelsen kan det første kanalsystem udgøres af en i gasventilbøsningen anbragt første indre ringrille, en i coaksialbøsningen anbragt langsgående boret kanal, en radial 25 og en skrå kanal i spændecylinderen og en hjælpekanal i en på spændecylinderen anbragt holdestift for stemplet, hvilken hjælpekanal kommunicerer med den side af stemplet, 3 DK 174221 B1 som er fjernest fra gasventilbøsningen, Herved opnås en yderst pålidelig tilføring af trykluft til det fjerneste rum ved stemplet.According to the invention, the first duct system may consist of a first inner annular groove arranged in the gas valve sleeve, a longitudinally drilled longitudinally drilled coaxial sleeve, a radial 25 and an inclined channel in the clamp cylinder and an auxiliary channel in a holding pin for the plunger which communicates with the plunger. side of the piston, 3 DK 174221 B1 which is farthest from the gas valve bushing, thereby providing a highly reliable supply of compressed air to the farthest space at the piston.

Ifølge opfindelsen kan det andet kanalsystem udgøres af en i gasventilbøsningen anbragt anden indre ringrille, en i coaksialbøsningen anbragt langsgående boret anden kanal, en 5 anden radial kanal i spændecylinderen og en mellem denne kanal og det nær coaksialbøsningen værende stempelrum forløbende, i hovedsagen langsgående kanal. Herved opnås en yderst pålidelig tilføring af trykluft til det nær ved coaksialbøsningen værende stempelrum.According to the invention, the second duct system may consist of a second inner annular groove arranged in the gas valve bushing, a longitudinally drilled second duct arranged in the coaxial bushing, a second radial duct in the clamping cylinder and a piston space extending substantially between the duct and the coaxial bushing. This provides a highly reliable supply of compressed air to the piston compartment located near the coaxial sleeve.

Fremdeles kan ifølge opfindelsen gasventilbøsningen holdes på plads på coaksialbøsnin-10 gen ved hjælp af en på sidstnævnte fast anbragt aksiallejering. Herved opnås en meget pålidelig fastholdelse af gasventilbøsningen på coaksialbøsningen.Still, according to the invention, the gas valve sleeve can be held in place on the coaxial sleeve by means of an axial alloy located on the latter. This provides a very reliable retention of the gas valve bushing on the coaxial bushing.

Endelig kan der ifølge opfindelsen i forbindelse med nogle med trykstudsene forbundne trykluftkilder være tilvejebragt programstyreorganer til styring af lufttrykket til trykstudsene, hvorhos der til trykstudsene kan være tilsluttet en pressostat til standsning 15 af el-motoren, hvis trykluftens tryk under spindeldokkens drift falder til under en vis grænse, f.eks. 4,5 bar. Herved opnås, at hovedspindelen straks vil standse, hvis trykluft-kilderne viser faldende tryk. Ved hjælp af de nævnte programstyreorganer kan gribnin-gen og slipningen af drejematerialet ske i overensstemmelse med et nøje fastlagt bear-bejdningsprogram på drejebænken eller -maskinen.Finally, in accordance with the invention, in connection with some compressed air sources, program control means may be provided for controlling the air pressure to the compression nozzles, wherein a pressure switch may be connected to the compression nozzle for stopping the electric motor if the compressed air pressure falls below a some limit, e.g. 4.5 bar. This results in the fact that the main spindle will immediately stop if the compressed air sources show decreasing pressure. By means of said program control means, the gripping and grinding of the lathe can be carried out in accordance with a carefully defined machining program on the lathe or machine.

20 Opfindelsen forklares nedenfor under henvisning til tegningen, hvor fig. 1 viser en udførelsesform for spindeldokken ifølge opfindelsen, set i længdesnit.The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, in which fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of an embodiment of the spindle doll according to the invention.

Den i fig. 1 viste spindeldok, som er beregnet til maskiner eller automater, hvorpå der kan udføres drejearbejde - der kan f.eks. være tale om drejebænke eller drejemaskiner (f.eks. CNC maskiner) - omfatter et hus 1 med en hul hovedspindel 2, hvorpå der er 4 DK 174221 B1 monteret en remskive 3 for et ikke-vist el-motordrevet remtræk. Eventuelt kan elmotoren være direkte sluttet til hovedspindelen. I hovedspindelen 2 er der anbragt en hul træk-trykstang 5 til styring af flere kæber bl.a. 7a, 7b i en på hovedspindelens forende 2a monterede spændepatron (centrerpatron) 7. Der kan eventuelt være tale om kæber i 5 en spændetang. Som vist er remskiven (eller i givet fald el-motoren) monteret ved hovedspindelens 2 bagparti 2b.The FIG. 1, which is intended for machines or machines on which turning work can be carried out. be it lathes or lathes (eg CNC machines) - comprises a housing 1 with a hollow main spindle 2, on which a pulley 3 is mounted for a non-shown electric motor driven pulley. Optionally, the electric motor may be directly connected to the main spindle. In the main spindle 2 is arranged a hollow pull-rod 5 for controlling several jaws, e.g. 7a, 7b in a clamping (centering cartridge) mounted on the front end 2a of the main spindle 7. Optional jaws 5 may be a clamping pliers. As shown, the pulley (or, if applicable, the electric motor) is mounted at the rear portion 2b of the main spindle 2.

På den bagudvendende flade 9 af remskiven og/eller den bagudvendende flade 2c af hovedspindelen 3 er der påmonteret en sammen med remskiven og/eller hovedspindelen roterbar, af to eller flere dele 10,11, 12 opbygget spændecylinder 13.1 dennes cylindri-10 ske hulrum (der som vist kan være indvendigt aftrappet) er der anbragt et roterbart cylindrisk stempel 14 (der som vist kan være aftrappet svarende til det førnævnte hulrum). Stemplet er stift forbundet med træk-trykstangen 5. Uden på en med spændecylin-deren 13 stift forbundet coaksialbøsning er der stationært monteret en gasventilbøsning 18.1 denne er der indvendigt monteret lejedele i form af lejeringe 19 og 20, som løber 15 direkte uden på den cylindriske lejeflade på coaksialbøsningen. Lejedelene 19 og 20 er af Iuftgennemtrængeligt materiale. Til dette materiale ledes der via trykstudse 22 og 23 trykluft ind til fladerne udvendigt på coaksialbøsningen og indvendigt i lejedelene, således at der her dannes en trykluftpude.On the rear-facing surface 9 of the pulley and / or the rear-facing surface 2c of the main spindle 3 is mounted a rotatable cylinder 13.1 of its cylindrical cavity (rotatable together with the pulley and / or the main spindle). a rotatable cylindrical piston 14 (which may, as shown, be similar to the aforementioned cavity), is disposed. The piston is rigidly connected to the thrust bar 5. Without a coaxial sleeve connected rigidly to the tension cylinder 13, a gas valve sleeve 18 is stationarily mounted thereon, there are internally mounted bearing parts in the form of bearings 19 and 20, which run 15 directly outside the cylindrical bearing surface on the coaxial bushing. The bearing members 19 and 20 are of air permeable material. For this material, compressed air is fed via compression nozzles 22 and 23 to the surfaces exterior of the coaxial sleeve and inside the bearing parts, so that a compressed air pad is formed here.

I coaksialbøsningen 15 findes der et første trykluftkanalsystem bestående af kanaler 25, 20 26, 27, 28 og 29 til styret tilføring af trykluft til den ene side 14a af stemplet. I coaksial-bøsningens 15 væg og spændecylinderens væg 12 findes et andet trykluftkanalsystem 31, 32, 33, 34 til styret tilføring af trykluft til den anden side 14b af stemplet 14.In the coaxial sleeve 15 there is a first compressed air duct system consisting of ducts 25, 20 26, 27, 28 and 29 for controlled supply of compressed air to one side 14a of the piston. In the wall of the coaxial sleeve 15 and the wall 12 of the clamping cylinder is another compressed air duct system 31, 32, 33, 34 for controlled supply of compressed air to the other side 14b of the piston 14.

Coaksialbøsningen 15 kan som vist bestå af en cylindrisk del 15a og en radialt forløbende kravedel 15b, ved hjælp af hvilken coaksialbøsningen er skruet fast på spændecylin-25 deren 13 (egentlig på delen 12) ved hjælp af skruer 39 og 40.The coaxial sleeve 15 may, as shown, consist of a cylindrical portion 15a and a radially extending collar portion 15b by means of which the coaxial sleeve is screwed onto the clamping cylinder 13 (essentially on the portion 12) by means of screws 39 and 40.

5 DK 174221 B15 DK 174221 B1

Som vist kan det første kanalsystem udgøres af en i gasventilbøsningen 18 anbragt første indre ringrille 42, en i coaksialbøsningsdelen 15a anbragt langsgående boret kanal 26, en radial 27 og en skrå kanal 28 i spændecylinderen 13 og en hjælpekanal 29 i en på spændecylinderen 13 anbragt holdestift 44 for stemplet 14. Hjælpekanalen 29 kommuni-5 cerer med den side 14a af stemplet 14, som er fjernest fra gasventilbøsningen 18.As shown, the first duct system may be constituted by a first inner ring groove 42 disposed in the gas valve sleeve 18, a longitudinally drilled channel 26 disposed in the coaxial sleeve member 15a, a radial 27 and an inclined channel 28 in the clamping cylinder 13 and an auxiliary channel 29 in a retaining pin 13. 44 for the piston 14. The auxiliary duct 29 communicates with the side 14a of the piston 14 which is farthest from the gas valve sleeve 18.

Spindeldokkens andet kanalsystem kan udgøres af en i gasventilbøsningen 18 anbragt anden indre ringrille 46, en i coaksialbøsningsdelen 15a anbragt langsgående boret anden kanal 32, en anden radial kanal 33 i spændecylinderen 13 (nærmere bestemt i dennes del 12) og en mellem kanalen 27 og det nær coaksialbøsningen værende stempelrum (dvs.The second duct system of the spindle can be constituted by a second inner annular groove 46 arranged in the gas valve sleeve 18, a longitudinally drilled second duct 32 arranged in the coaxial sleeve member 15a, a second radial duct 33 in the tension cylinder 13 (more particularly in its part 12) and one between the duct 27 and the latter. piston compartment (i.e.

10 det stempelrum, der befinder sig ved stempelsiden 14b) forløbende, i hovedsagen langsgående kanal 34.10, the piston space located at the piston side 14b) extending substantially longitudinal channel 34.

Gasventilbøsningen 18 kan som vist holdes på plads på coaksialbøsningsdelen 15a ved hjælp af en på sidstnævnte anbragt aksiallejering 47 samt coaksialbøsningens radiale del 15b. Ved enderne af gasventilbøsningen findes der også aksiallejer 50, 51.The gas valve sleeve 18 can, as shown, be held in place on the coaxial sleeve part 15a by means of an axial alloy 47 located on the latter and the radial part 15b of the coaxial sleeve. Axial bearings 50, 51 are also provided at the ends of the gas valve sleeve.

15 Det bemærkes, at når spindeldokken er i funktion, vil den ved lejerne opvarmede luft sive bort fra spindeldokken gennem snævre spillerum mellem spindeldokkens dele.15 It is noted that when the spindle dock is in operation, the air heated at the bearings will seep away from the spindle dock through narrow clearance between the parts of the spindle dock.

I forbindelse med trykluftkildeme er der normalt anbragt programstyreorganer 22a, 23a, 62a og 63a til styring af lufttrykket til trykstudsene 22, 23, 62 og 63. Til disse trykstudse kan der være tilsluttet en ikke-vist pressostat til sikring af, at den førnævnte el-motor 20 stopper, hvis trykluftens tryk under driften falder under en vis grænse, f.eks. 4,5 bar, så at hovedspindelen standser omdrejningerne, og drejebænken eller -maskinen går i stå.In connection with the compressed air sources, program control means 22a, 23a, 62a and 63a are usually arranged for controlling the air pressure to the pressure nozzles 22, 23, 62 and 63. An unshown pressure switch may be connected to these pressure sockets to ensure that the aforementioned electricity engine 20 stops if the pressure of the compressed air during operation falls below a certain limit, e.g. 4.5 bar, so that the main spindle stops the turns and the lathe or machine stops.

Som man vil se, er det muligt ved hjælp af tryklufttilførslen til trykstudsene 62 og 63 at regulere den radiale bevægelse af stemplet 14, alt medens hovedspindelen og træktrykstangen roterer (det bemærkes, at træk-trykstangen tvangsmæssigt roterer sammen 25 med hovedspindelen via holdestiften 44). Den frem- og tilbagegående bevægelse af træk- 6 DK 174221 B1 trykstangen 2 medfører ændringer i den radiale position af klørene 7a, 7b på spænde-patronen 7, og denne indstilling af kløeme foregår, medens hovedspindelen roterer med høj hastighed, typisk 6000 o/m eller højere. Det stangformede drejemateriale, som ikke er vist, befinder sig inden i træk-trykstangen 2 og kan altså gribes af kløeme 7a, 7b og 5 klemmes fast (medens drejematerialet roterer). Medens drejematerialet befinder sig i denne tilstand kan det bearbejdes på drejebænken eller -maskinen. Når materiale til et nyt emne skal fremføres, indstilles stemplet 14 til en position, hvor kløeme frigiver stangmaterialet. Et stykke stangmateriale af passende størrelse kan så - via ikke viste midler - fremføres gennem træk-trykstangen. Når den korrekte mængde stangmateriale 10 er kommet ud af spændepatronen (til venstre i figuren) føres via stemplet 14 og træktrykstangen 2 kløeme 7a, 7b igen radialt indad til fastklemning af materialet, hvorefter der påny kan foretages drejeoperationer på drejebænken eller -maskinen. Maskinen har i øvrigt følgende fordele: trinløs variabel spændekraft (ved kløeme 7a og 7b under drift fra 0 til maksimal 15 værdi) (den maksimale spændekraft afhænger af den valgte spændecylinderdiameter) kort byggelængde, som forhindrer udbøjning af hovedspindelen 2 ingen belastning af hovedspindelens lejer ingen varmeudvikling hidrørende fra spændecylinderen ingen tab ved cyklustiden ved drejematerialets fremføring (de- og acceleration af 20 hovedspindelen er ikke nødvendig, selv ved de største spindelhastigheder) byggeomkostningerne i forbindelse med maskinen er forholdsvis lave, fordi man undgår et kostbart hydraulikanlæg 7 DK 174221 B1 lave driftsomkostninger grundet ringe trykluftforbrug; sidstnævnte kan typisk ligge på ca. 25 1/min.As will be seen, it is possible to regulate the radial movement of the piston 14 with the aid of the compressed air supply to the pistons 14, all while the main spindle and the pull rod rotate (it is noted that the draw pressure rod rotates together 25 with the main spindle via the holding pin 44). . The reciprocating movement of the pull bar 2 causes changes in the radial position of the claws 7a, 7b of the clamping cartridge 7, and this adjustment of the claws takes place while the main spindle rotates at high speed, typically 6000 rpm. m or higher. The rod-shaped turning material, which is not shown, is located within the pull-rod 2 and can thus be gripped by the clamps 7a, 7b and 5 (while the turning material rotates). While the lathe is in this state it can be machined on the lathe or machine. When material for a new workpiece is to be fed, the plunger 14 is set to a position where the claws release the rod material. A piece of rod material of suitable size can then be conveyed - through means not shown - through the tensile push rod. When the correct amount of rod material 10 has come out of the clamping cartridge (left in the figure), via piston 14 and pull rod 2 clamps 7a, 7b are radially inward again for clamping of the material, after which turning operations can be performed on the lathe or machine. The machine also has the following advantages: infinitely variable clamping force (at clamps 7a and 7b during operation from 0 to maximum 15 value) (the maximum clamping force depends on the selected cylinder diameter) short build length which prevents deflection of the main spindle 2 no load on the bearings of the main spindle none heat generation due to the clamping cylinder no losses during the cycle time of the turning material (disassembly and acceleration of the 20 main spindle is not necessary, even at the largest spindle speeds) construction costs associated with the machine are relatively low because avoiding an expensive hydraulic system 7 DK 174221 B1 low operating costs due to low compressed air consumption; the latter can typically be about. 25 rpm

Claims (6)

8 DK 174221 B18 DK 174221 B1 1. Spindeldok til til udførelse af drejearbejde beregnede maskiner eller automater, såsom drejebænke eller drejemaskiner og lignende, og som omfatter et hus (1) med en 5 hul hovedspindel (2), hvorpå der er monteret en el-motor og/eller en remskive (3) for et el-motordrevet remtræk, og hvor der i hovedspindelen er anbragt en hul træk-trykstang (5) til styring af kæberne (7a, 7b) i en på hovedspindelens forende (2a) monteret spændetang eller -patron (7), og hvor remskiven eller el-motoren er monteret ved hovedspindelens bagende (2b), og hvor der på remskivens (3) og/eller hovedspindelens (2) 10 bagudvendende flade (9, henholdsvis 2c) er påmonteret en sammen med remskiven (3) og/eller hovedspindelen (2) roterbar, af to eller flere dele (10, 11, 12) opbygget spænde-cylinder (13), og hvor der i sidstnævntes cylindriske hulrum er anbragt et roterbart, på træk-trykstangen (5) fast monteret cylindrisk stempel (14), og hvor der i tilslutning til dette stempel (14) er monteret en stationær gasventilbøsning (18),kendetegnet 15 ved, at den stationære gasventilbøsning (18) er monteret uden om en med spændecylinderen (13) stift forbundet coaksialbøsning (15), idet der mellem coaksialbøsningen (15) og nogle i gasventilbøsningen (18) monterede lejedele (19, 20) - hvilke sidste er af gasgennemtrængeligt materiale - findes en på i og for sig kendt måde etableret trykluftpude, og at der i coaksialbøsningens væg (15a) og spændecylinderens væg (12) findes 20 et første trykluftkanalsystem (25, 26, 27, 28, 29) til styret (63a) tilføring af trykluft til den ene side (14a) af stemplet (14), og at der i coaksialbøsningens væg (15) og spændecylinderens væg (12) findes et andet trykluftkanalsystem (31, 32, 33, 34) til styret (62) tilføring af trykluft til den anden side (14b) af stemplet (14).A spindle dock for performing turning machines or machines, such as lathes or turning machines, and the like, comprising a housing (1) with a hollow main spindle (2) on which is mounted an electric motor and / or a pulley (3) for an electric motor driven belt drive, and in which a hollow pull push rod (5) is arranged in the main spindle for controlling the jaws (7a, 7b) in a clamp or cartridge (7) mounted on the front end (2a) of the main spindle. and wherein the pulley or electric motor is mounted at the rear end of the main spindle (2b) and where a rearward-facing surface (9 and 2c) of the pulley (3) and / or the main spindle (2) 10 is mounted together with the pulley (3). and / or the main spindle (2) rotatable, made up of two or more parts (10, 11, 12) of the clamping cylinder (13), and in which the cylindrical cavity of the latter is provided with a rotatable, fixedly mounted on the drawbar (5). cylindrical piston (14), and one adjacent to this piston (14) is mounted stationary gas valve sleeve (18), characterized in that the stationary gas valve sleeve (18) is mounted around a coaxial sleeve (15) rigidly connected to the clamping cylinder (13), with bearings mounted between the coaxial sleeve (15) and some bearing parts. (19, 20) - the latter of which is gas permeable material - is a compressed air cushion established in a manner known per se and that a first compressed air duct system (25, 26, 20) of the coaxial sleeve (12a) and the wall of the tensioning cylinder (12) is provided. 27, 28, 29) for controlled (63a) supply of compressed air to one side (14a) of the piston (14) and that in the wall of the coaxial sleeve (15) and the wall of the tension cylinder (12) there is another compressed air duct system (31, 32 , 33, 34) for controlled (62) supply of compressed air to the other side (14b) of the piston (14). 2. Spindeldok ifølge krav 1,kendetegnet ved, at coaksialbøsningen (15) 25 udgøres af en cylindrisk del (15a) og en radialt forløbende kravedel (15b), via hvilken sidste coaksialbøsningen er skruet (39, 40) fast på spændecylinderen (12). DK 174221 B1 9Spindle dock according to claim 1, characterized in that the coaxial sleeve (15) 25 is constituted by a cylindrical part (15a) and a radially extending collar part (15b), through which the last coaxial sleeve (39, 40) is screwed onto the clamping cylinder (12). . DK 174221 B1 9 3. Spindeldok ifølge kravene 1 eller 2,kendetegnet ved, at det første kanalsystem udgøres af en i gasventilbøsningen anbragt første indre ringrille (42), en i coaksi-albøsningen anbragt langsgående boret kanal (26), en radial (27) og en skrå kanal (42) i spændecylinderen (13) og en hjælpekanal (29) i en på spændecylinderen anbragt holde- 5 stift (44) for stemplet (14), hvilken hjælpekanal kommunicerer med den side (14a) af stemplet (14), som er fjernet fra gasventilbøsningen (18).Spindle dock according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the first duct system is constituted by a first inner annular groove (42), a longitudinally drilled duct (26), a radial (27) and an inclined longitudinally arranged in the gas valve sleeve. channel (42) in the clamp cylinder (13) and an auxiliary channel (29) in a holding pin (44) for the piston (14), which auxiliary channel communicates with the side (14a) of the piston (14) which is removed from the gas valve sleeve (18). 4. Spindeldok ifølge krav 1, 2 eller 3, kendetegnet ved, at det andet kanalsystem udgøres af en i gasventilbøsningen (18) anbragt anden indre ringrille (41), en i coaksialbøsningen anbragt langsgående boret anden kanal (32), en anden radial kanal 10 (33) i spændecylinderen (12) og en mellem denne kanal og det nær coaksialbøsningen (15) værende stempelrum forløbende, i hovedsagen langsgående kanal (34).Spindle dock according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the second duct system consists of a second inner annular groove (41) arranged in the gas valve sleeve (18), a longitudinally drilled second channel (32) arranged in the coaxial sleeve, a second radial channel. 10 (33) in the clamping cylinder (12) and a piston compartment extending between this channel and the piston bush (15), generally longitudinal channel (34). 5. Spindeldok ifølge et eller flere af kravene 1-4, kendetegnet ved, at gasventilbøsningen (18) holdes på plads på coaksialbøsningen (15) ved hjælp af en på sidstnævnte fast anbragt aksiallejering (47).Spindle dock according to one or more of claims 1-4, characterized in that the gas valve sleeve (18) is held in place on the coaxial sleeve (15) by means of an axial bearing (47) fixed on the latter. 6. Spindeldok ifølge et eller flere af kravene 1-5, kendetegnet ved, at der i forbindelse med nogle med trykstudse forbundne trykluftkilder er anbragt programstyreorganer (22a, 23a, 62a, 63a) til styring af lufttrykket til trykstudsene (22, 23, 62, 63), og at der til trykstudsene er tilsluttet en pressostat til standsning af el-motoren, hvis trykluftens tryk under spindeldokkens drift falder til under en vis grænse, f.eks. 4,5 bar. 20Spindle dock according to one or more of claims 1-5, characterized in that program control means (22a, 23a, 62a, 63a) are arranged in connection with some compressed air sources for controlling the air pressure to the pressure nozzles (22, 23, 62). , 63) and that a pressure switch for stopping the electric motor is connected to the pressure plugs if the pressure of the compressed air during operation of the spindle dock falls below a certain limit, e.g. 4.5 bar. 20
DK200000758A 2000-05-08 2000-05-08 headstock DK174221B1 (en)

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CN102501116A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-20 大连永明数控机床有限公司 Pneumatic fixture for lathe

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CN100421847C (en) * 2006-08-24 2008-10-01 宾焕南 Air clamper in use for principal axis of lathe
CN102059570A (en) * 2010-10-29 2011-05-18 无锡迪奥机械有限公司 Rotary cylinder structure
CN107470956A (en) * 2017-09-29 2017-12-15 徐州东南钢铁工业有限公司 A kind of air-actuated jaw for processing brake disc
CN110788350B (en) * 2019-12-13 2024-05-21 青岛固骏机械制造有限公司 Full-automatic plug processing instrument lathe

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DE538509C (en) * 1930-07-19 1931-11-14 Ver Kugellagerfabriken Akt Ges Equipment on machine tools for clamping rotating workpieces
FR1028286A (en) * 1950-11-23 1953-05-20 Const De La Maladiere Atel Pneumatic chuck driver
FR1107066A (en) * 1952-12-12 1955-12-28 Hersan & Cie Improvements to lathe chucks
DE3143606A1 (en) * 1981-11-03 1983-05-11 MTU Motoren- und Turbinen-Union München GmbH, 8000 München "GAS STORAGE RELATIVELY MOVING COMPONENTS"
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102501116A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-20 大连永明数控机床有限公司 Pneumatic fixture for lathe

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