JP2004129448A - Permanent-magnet rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a powerful permanent-magnet rotary electric machine by suppressing an increase in iron loss due to armature-reaction magnetic flux and making effective use of reluctance torque. <P>SOLUTION: The permanent-magnet rotary electric machine comprises a stator wherein armature windings are installed in a plurality of slots formed in a stator core; and a rotor wherein permanent magnets 5 are housed in a plurality of permanent magnet insertion holes formed in a rotor core. A rotor core 2 is provided with recessed portions 7 which are formed between magnetic poles (between magnets) in proximity to the circumferential surface of the rotor core with the permanent magnets 5 housed therein; and air gaps 20 which are formed in the rotor core between magnetic poles (between magnets) and suppresses the flow of armature-reaction magnetic flux produced by the armature winding. The rotor core 2 is combined with a rotor core 3 provided only with a reluctance magnetic circuit, and a magnetic path for armature-reaction magnetic flux is thereby defined. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a rotating electric machine such as a motor used for an air conditioner and the like, and a compressor and an air conditioner using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, permanent magnets of various shapes have been employed in this type of permanent magnet type rotating electric machine. For example, in a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine described in JP-A-6-339241, a stator provided with concentrated winding armature winding so as to surround a plurality of teeth formed on a stator core, and A rotor in which permanent magnets are accommodated in a plurality of permanent magnet insertion holes formed in a child core is used to improve the output of the rotating electric machine using reluctance torque.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-6-339241
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-described conventional rotating electric machine, it is necessary to generate an armature reaction magnetic flux generated by the armature winding in order to utilize the reluctance torque. The loss increases and the output of the rotating electric machine cannot be improved.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine that can suppress an increase in iron loss due to armature reaction magnetic flux and can effectively use reluctance torque.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a stator in which an armature winding is provided in a plurality of slots formed in a stator core, and a plurality of permanent magnet insertion holes formed in a rotor core. And a rotor having a permanent magnet housed therein, a concave portion is provided between magnetic poles (between magnets) near an outer peripheral surface of a rotor iron core having permanent magnets, and a recess is provided between magnetic poles (between magnets). Proposal of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine combining a rotor core with an air gap that suppresses the flow of armature reaction magnetic flux created by an armature winding inside a rotor core and a rotor core with only a reluctance magnetic circuit I do.
[0007]
That is, the rotor core in which the permanent magnet of the present invention is embedded is provided with a gap between the magnetic poles (between magnets) inside the core to suppress the flow of the armature reaction magnetic flux generated by the armature winding. The rotor core, which makes it difficult to pass the reaction magnetic flux and has only the reluctance magnetic circuit, easily passes the armature reaction magnetic flux. Therefore, the rotor is hardly affected by the armature reaction magnetic flux, the magnet torque can be effectively generated, and a large armature reaction magnetic flux is generated by a small armature current in the rotor core, and the armature reaction magnetic flux is generated. As a result, a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine capable of improving the output by effectively utilizing the reluctance torque can be provided.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0009]
-Embodiment 1
FIG. 1 shows a rotor shape of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a rotor core shape of FIG. Although the stator core is not shown, a plurality of slots are formed in the stator core, and armature windings are provided in the slots. In FIG. 1, a rotor 1 has a rotor core 3 disposed at one axial end of a rotor core 2, and an axial length L 2 of the rotor core 2 is determined by an axial length L 3 of the rotor core 3. Are also configured to be longer. The rotor core 2 is fitted to a permanent magnet 5 (shown here with four poles) and a shaft (not shown) arranged in a V-shaped permanent magnet insertion hole 4 that is convex with respect to the axis of the rotor 1. A rotor shaft hole 8 for fitting and a rivet hole 9 for fixing the rotor core 2. The rotor core 3 includes a reluctance magnetic circuit including a flux barrier 10 and a steel plate rib 11, a rotor shaft hole 8 for fitting to a shaft (not shown), and rivets for fixing the rotor core 3. It consists of a hole 9. A V-shaped permanent magnet 5 is inserted into the permanent magnet insertion hole 4 of the rotor core 2, and the center direction of the V-shape is referred to as a d-axis and serves as a magnetic flux axis. A magnetic flux axis having an electrical angle different from that by 90 degrees is referred to as a q-axis, and the q-axis is an armature reaction axis. In order to make it difficult for the rotor core 2 to pass through the armature reaction magnetic flux, a q-axis recess 7 is formed by cutting the pole core 6 near the rotor surface on the q-axis side into a V-shape, and the magnetic poles (between magnets) inside the core are provided. The air gap 20 is formed to suppress the flow of the armature reaction magnetic flux generated by the armature winding. The rotor core 3 is provided with a flux barrier 10, a steel plate rib 11, and a d-axis recess 30 formed by cutting the V-shaped core near the rotor surface on the d-axis side, and the flux barrier 10 is provided on the surface of the rotor core 3. In the vicinity and in the vicinity of the q-axis, it is directed substantially in the radial direction. The structure of the rotors 1 and 2 makes it difficult to pass the d-axis magnetic flux and easily passes the q-axis magnetic flux. As a result, the armature reaction magnetic flux passes through the steel plate rib 11.
[0010]
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a radial cross-sectional shape of a permanent magnet magnetic circuit portion in the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the present invention. The rotor is provided with a rotor core 2. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a radial cross-sectional shape of a reluctance magnetic circuit section in a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the present invention, and a rotor is provided with a rotor core 3. In the figure, the same components as those shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and will not be described.
[0011]
In FIG. 3, a stator 12 has a plurality of teeth 14 and slots 15 provided in a stator core 13, and a concentrated winding armature winding 16 (U-phase winding 16 </ b> A) surrounds the teeth 14 in the slots 15. , V-phase winding 16B and concentrated winding of W-phase winding 16C). In the configuration of FIG. 3, the armature reaction magnetic flux does not easily pass through the rotor core 2 on the q-axis side because there is a gap portion 20 that suppresses the flow of the armature reaction magnetic flux generated by the armature winding.
[0012]
On the other hand, in the configuration of FIG. 4, the flux barrier 10 and the steel plate rib 11 are formed so that the magnetic flux on the q-axis side can easily pass, so that the armature reaction magnetic fluxes Φ1 and Φ2 can pass easily.
[0013]
Here, in the configuration of FIG. 3, the q-axis side rotor core 2 has a q-axis concave portion 7 and a gap portion 20, and further, since the inter-pole core 6 is in the magnetic saturation region by the permanent magnet 5, the armature reaction magnetic flux is reduced. It is difficult to pass, does not generate reluctance torque, and generates little iron loss. Then, as shown in the configuration of FIG. 4, the d-axis concave portion 30 is provided, and the rotor core 3 having the flux barrier 10 and the steel plate rib 11 facilitates passage of the armature reaction magnetic fluxes Φ1 and Φ2. A large armature reaction magnetic flux is generated by the current, and a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine having a large output can be obtained by effectively utilizing the reluctance torque. That is, the rotor core 2 shown in FIG. 3 effectively suppresses iron loss and copper loss and effectively generates torque by the permanent magnet, and the rotor core 3 shown in FIG. 4 effectively generates reluctance torque. A permanent magnet type rotating electric machine can be provided.
[0014]
-Embodiment 2
FIG. 5 shows a rotor shape of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the rotor core shape of FIG. In the figure, the same components as those shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and will not be described. In FIG. 5, the rotor 1 has a rotor core 3 disposed at one end in the axial direction of the rotor core 2, and the axial length L 2 of the rotor core 2 is calculated from the axial length L 3 of the rotor core 3. Is also long. 2 in that the rotor core 3 has a switch reluctance structure having a salient pole portion 17 on the q-axis side and a d-axis concave portion 33 on the d-axis side.
[0015]
In this configuration, since the salient pole portion 17 is formed so that the magnetic flux on the q-axis side can easily pass, the armature reaction magnetic flux can easily pass. Therefore, even in the case of such a configuration, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained in the basic performance.
[0016]
-Embodiment 3
FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a rotor core shape of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In the figure, the same components as those shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and will not be described. The difference from FIG. 2 is that the armature reaction magnetic flux generated by the armature winding between the magnetic poles (between the magnets) inside the rotor core on the q-axis side in order to make it difficult for the armature reaction magnetic flux to pass through the rotor core 2. That is, at least two or more void portions 21 for suppressing the flow are provided.
[0017]
This configuration makes it more difficult for the armature reaction magnetic flux to pass, so that the torque by the permanent magnet can be used more effectively than in the first embodiment.
[0018]
Embodiment 4
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a rotor core shape of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In the figure, the same components as those shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and will not be described. 8 differs from FIG. 7 in that the rotor core 3 has a switch reluctance structure having a salient pole portion 17 on the q-axis side and a d-axis concave portion 33 on the d-axis side. This also provides the same basic performance as the first embodiment.
[0019]
Embodiment 5
FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a rotor core shape of a fifth embodiment of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the present invention. In the figure, the same components as those shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and will not be described. 9 differs from FIG. 2 in that a flat plate permanent magnet 32 is inserted into a permanent magnet insertion hole 31 in a rotor core 2 to provide a gap portion 22. This also provides the same basic performance as the first embodiment.
[0020]
-Embodiment 6
FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a rotor core shape of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. In the figure, the same components as those shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and will not be described. 10 differs from FIG. 9 in that the rotor core 3 has a switch reluctance structure having a salient pole portion 17 on the q-axis side and a d-axis concave portion 33 on the d-axis side. This also provides the same basic performance as the first embodiment.
[0021]
-Embodiment 7
FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a rotor core shape of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. In the figure, the same components as those shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and will not be described. 11 differs from FIG. 2 in that a U-shaped permanent magnet 35 is inserted into a permanent magnet insertion hole 34 in the rotor core 2 and a gap 36 is provided. This also provides the same basic performance as the first embodiment.
[0022]
Embodiment 8
FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a rotor core shape of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention. In the figure, the same components as those shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and will not be described. 12 differs from FIG. 11 in that the rotor core 3 has a switch reluctance structure having a salient pole portion 17 on the q-axis side and a d-axis concave portion 33 on the d-axis side. This also provides the same basic performance as the first embodiment.
[0023]
Embodiment 9
FIG. 13 shows a rotor shape of Embodiment 9 of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the present invention. In the figure, the same components as those shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. 13 differs from FIG. 1 in that rotor 1 is configured by arranging rotor cores 3 at both axial ends of rotor core 2. Here, the axial length L2 of the rotor core 2 is configured to be longer than the combined length (L31 + L32) of the rotor core 3 in the axial direction. This also provides the same basic performance as the first embodiment.
[0024]
Embodiment 10
FIG. 14 shows a rotor shape of Embodiment 10 of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the present invention. In the figure, the same components as those shown in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. 14 differs from FIG. 5 in that rotor 1 is configured by arranging rotor cores 3 at both axial ends of rotor core 2. In FIG. Here, the axial length L2 of the rotor core 2 is the combined length of the axial length of the rotor core 3 (L31 +
L32). This also provides the same basic performance as the first embodiment.
[0025]
-Embodiment 11
FIG. 15 shows a rotor shape of Embodiment 11 of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the present invention. In the figure, the same components as those shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. 15 differs from FIG. 1 in that rotor 1 is configured by arranging rotor cores 2 at both axial ends of rotor core 3. In FIG. Here, the combined length of the rotor core 2 in the axial direction (L21 + L22) is configured to be longer than the axial length L3 of the rotor core 3.
[0026]
Further, although the permanent magnet 5 is shown in a single V-shape in the drawing, a single or double (not shown) single-character, U-shape or V-shape can be used. This also provides the same basic performance as the first embodiment.
[0027]
-Embodiment 12
FIG. 16 shows a rotor shape of Embodiment 12 of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the present invention. In the figure, the same components as those shown in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. 16 differs from FIG. 5 in that the rotor 1 is configured by arranging rotor cores 21 and 22 at both axial ends of the rotor core 3. Here, the combined length of the rotor core 2 in the axial direction (L21 + L22) is configured to be longer than the axial length L3 of the rotor core 3.
[0028]
Further, although the permanent magnet 5 is shown in a single V-shape in the drawing, a single or double (not shown) single-character, U-shape or V-shape can be used. This also provides the same basic performance as the first embodiment.
[0029]
-Embodiment 13
FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a refrigeration cycle of the air conditioner according to the present invention. In the figure, 37 is an outdoor unit, 38 is an indoor unit, 39 is a compressor, and a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine 40 and a compression unit 41 are sealed in the compressor 39. 42 is a condenser, 43 is an expansion valve, and 44 is an evaporator. The refrigeration cycle circulates the refrigerant in the direction of the arrow, and the compressor 39 compresses the refrigerant to perform heat exchange between the outdoor unit 37 including the condenser 42 and the expansion valve 43 and the indoor unit 38 including the evaporator 44. Exhibits cooling function.
[0030]
When the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine 40 shown in the present invention is used, the input can be reduced by improving the output of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine 40, so that there is an effect that CO ₂ emission leading to global warming can be reduced.
[0031]
Further, when the HFC refrigerant is used from the viewpoint of depletion of the ozone layer, if the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine 40 shown in the present invention is used, the design change of the entire refrigeration cycle of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine 40 can be reduced.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a recess is provided between magnetic poles (between magnets) near the outer peripheral surface of rotor core 2 containing permanent magnets, and an armature winding is formed inside the rotor core between magnetic poles (between magnets). By providing a gap for suppressing the flow of the armature reaction magnetic flux, it is difficult to pass the armature reaction magnetic flux, and in the rotor core 3 having only the reluctance magnetic circuit, the armature reaction magnetic flux is easily passed. Then, the iron loss and the copper loss are suppressed to effectively generate the torque by the permanent magnet, and the rotor core 3 generates a large armature reaction magnetic flux with a small armature current, so that the reluctance torque is effectively generated and the output is large. An efficient permanent magnet type rotating electric machine can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a rotor shape of a first embodiment of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a rotor core shape of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a radial sectional shape of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a radial sectional shape of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a rotor shape of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a rotor core shape of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a rotor core shape of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a rotor core shape of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a rotor core shape of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a rotor core shape of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a rotor core shape of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a rotor core shape of a permanent magnet type rotary electric machine according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a view showing a rotor shape of a ninth embodiment of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a view showing a rotor shape of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a rotor shape of Embodiment 11 of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a view showing a rotor shape of a twelfth embodiment of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a refrigeration cycle of the air conditioner according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rotor, 2, 3 ... Rotor iron core, 4 ... Permanent magnet insertion hole, 5 ... Permanent magnet, 6 ... Iron core, 7 ... q axis recessed part, 8 ... Rotor shaft hole, 9 ... Rivet hole, 10 … Flux barrier, 11 steel plate rib, 12 stator, 13 stator iron, 14 teeth, 15 slot, 16 armature winding, 17 salient pole, 20, 21, 22, 36 ... air gap Part, 30, 33: d-axis recess, 31: flat plate permanent magnet insertion hole, 32: flat plate permanent magnet, 34: U-shaped permanent magnet insertion hole, 35: U-shaped permanent magnet, 37: outdoor unit, 38: indoor unit, 39: compressor, 40: permanent magnet type rotating electric machine, 41: compression unit, 42: condenser, 43: expansion valve, 44: evaporator.

Claims (10)

A stator core having armature windings in a plurality of slots formed in the stator core,
A first rotor core having a plurality of permanent magnet insertion holes and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in the permanent magnet insertion holes;
A second rotor core having a plurality of recesses on its surface;
A rotor in which the first rotor core and the second rotor core are combined in the axial direction of the rotor,
When the magnetic flux axis of the first rotor core is the d-axis, and the axis different from the d-axis by 90 ° in electrical angle is the q-axis,
A gap is provided on the q-axis in the first rotor core,
The concave portion provided on the surface of the second rotor core is provided on a d-axis, wherein the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine is provided. The permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein an axial length of the first rotor is longer than an axial length of the second rotor core. 2. The permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the first rotor core is disposed at both ends of the second rotor core. 2. The permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of gaps provided in the first rotor core are provided on a predetermined q axis. 3. The permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of air gaps provided in the first rotor core are provided on a predetermined q axis. 2. The flux core according to claim 1, wherein a flux barrier is provided on the second rotor core, and the flux barrier is provided substantially in the radial direction near the surface of the second rotor core and near the q-axis. A permanent magnet type rotating electric machine characterized by the above-mentioned. 2. The permanent magnet insertion hole according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet insertion hole provided in the first rotor core has a V-shape, a U-shape that is convex with respect to the rotation axis, or a one-character shape that is substantially perpendicular to the d-axis. A permanent magnet type rotating electric machine characterized by the above-mentioned. In claim 2, the permanent magnet insertion hole provided in the first rotor core has a V-shape, a U-shape that is convex with respect to the rotation axis, or a one-character shape that is substantially perpendicular to the d-axis. A permanent magnet type rotating electric machine characterized by the above-mentioned. A stator core having armature windings in a plurality of slots formed in the stator core,
A first rotor core having a plurality of permanent magnet insertion holes and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in the permanent magnet insertion holes;
A second rotor core having a plurality of recesses on its surface;
A rotor in which the first rotor core and the second rotor core are combined in the axial direction of the rotor,
When the magnetic flux axis of the first rotor core is the d-axis, and the axis that differs from the d-axis by 90 ° in electrical angle is the q-axis,
The first rotor core has a gap on the q axis,
A concave portion provided on the surface of the second rotor core, a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine provided on the d-axis;
A compressor driven by the permanent magnet rotating electric machine. A stator core having armature windings in a plurality of slots formed in the stator core,
A first rotor core having a plurality of permanent magnet insertion holes and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in the permanent magnet insertion holes;
A second rotor core having a plurality of recesses on its surface;
A rotor in which the first rotor core and the second rotating machine core are combined in the axial direction of the rotor,
When the magnetic flux axis of the first rotor core is the d-axis, and the axis that differs from the d-axis by 90 ° in electrical angle is the q-axis,
The first rotor core has a gap on the q axis,
A concave portion provided on the surface of the second rotor core, a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine provided on the d-axis;
An air conditioner comprising: a compression unit driven by the permanent magnet rotating electric machine.

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