JP2004112859A - Protector against overcharge of battery type locomotive - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a protector against overcharge of battery type locomotive which does not discharge a regenerated current via a resistor, but uses it as a current for charging a battery device, and besides protects the battery device from overcharge. <P>SOLUTION: The protector against overcharge of battery type locomotive is characterized by being equipped with a current commutation means which accumulates a current discharged from a main battery device 7 via a switching means 3, a current regenerated by a drive motor 12, or a current discharged from the main battery device 7 as electromagnetic energy when a control means 2 turns on a switching means 3 in working state and discharges the accumulated energy to a sub battery device 8, thereby charging the sub battery device 8 concerned when the control means 2 turns off the switching means 3 in working state. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an overcharge protection device for a battery device, and more particularly to an overcharge protection device for a battery-powered locomotive.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 7, there is a charging location 101 for the battery device in the shaft 100, and immediately from the shaft 100 to the inclined shaft 102, the equipment is transferred to the inclined shaft 102 by using a battery-powered locomotive 103 that pulls the bogie 104. A system for transporting the material to the face at the tip is used.
[0003]
In this case, the battery device is fully charged at the charging location 101, and the fully charged battery device, which is a power source of the battery-type locomotive, is mounted on the battery-type locomotive 103 pulling the bogie 104. When the vehicle travels on a down slope, the position energy of the battery-powered locomotive 103 is changed into kinetic energy due to the down slope. This kinetic energy causes the drive motor 12 of the battery-type locomotive 103 to act as a generator, and current is regenerated from the drive motor 12 via the motor drive circuit 11 to the battery device.
[0004]
For example, in the case of an induction motor, when the rotor of the induction motor rotates at a speed equal to or higher than the synchronous speed in the same direction as the rotating magnetic field applied to the induction motor, the induction motor operates as an induction generator. Part of the output from the motor is consumed as heat in the windings of the induction motor, but most of the output is regenerated by the battery device as a power source, and the battery device is charged.
[0005]
However, the battery device mounted on the battery type locomotive 103 is overcharged because it is fully charged, and if left as it is, the battery device becomes defective due to overcharge. For example, the moisture of the battery liquid causes electrolysis, and the battery device is damaged.
[0006]
Therefore, a circuit for protecting an overvoltage (ie, overcharge) as shown in FIG. 8 is used. That is, when the battery device 105 becomes overvoltage, the overvoltage detection circuit 106 detects this and turns on the transistor 107, and the current regenerated from the drive motor 12 via the motor drive circuit 11 flows to the resistor 108. Thus, the battery device 105 is protected from overvoltage.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-5-252606 (page 2)
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, according to the conventional method of protecting the battery device 105 from overcharging by flowing a regenerative current to the resistor 108 as described above, when the inclination or traveling speed of the shaft 102 increases, the resistor 108 The power consumption (wattage) of the motor also increases, and in some cases, it becomes larger than the external dimensions (internal loss) of the motor. This means that the generated energy is wastefully discharged as heat, which is contrary to energy saving.
[0009]
In addition, when the battery device 105 is charged by the battery charger before being mounted on the battery-type locomotive 103, an operation method in which the battery device is not fully charged may be considered. In this case, the battery liquid does not stir inside the battery device 105. Therefore, there is a problem that the deterioration of the battery device 105 is liable to progress, for example, the active substance in the battery liquid precipitates inside the battery device 105.
[0010]
The present invention has been proposed based on the above-mentioned conventional circumstances, and does not discharge regenerated power as heat through a resistor, but uses it as a current for charging a battery device, To provide an overcharge protection device for a battery-powered locomotive that protects the vehicle from overcharge.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention employs the following means to achieve the above object. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the present invention regenerates electric power from the drive motor 12 of the battery-type locomotive that pulls the bogie down the inclined shaft to the battery device as a power source to charge the battery device. It is premised on an overcharge protection device for a battery-type locomotive that protects the battery device from being overcharged by the regenerative current, and is characterized by the following configuration.
[0012]
That is, the battery device includes the main battery device 7 and the sub-battery device 8 connected in series to the main battery device 7, and the switching unit 3 discharges the main battery device 7. The control means 2 controls the switching means 3 to be turned on and off based on the output voltage of the sub-battery device 8 and the charging current to the sub-battery device 8, and the activation means 1 instructs whether the control means 2 should be operated. I do.
[0013]
Furthermore, when the control means 2 is in the operating state and the switching means 3 is turned on, the current commutation means 4 electromagnetically discharges the power discharged from the main battery device 7 via the switching means 3 or the power regenerated from the drive motor 12. When the control means 2 is turned on and the switching means 3 is turned off, the stored electromagnetic energy is discharged to the sub-battery device 8 to charge the sub-battery device 8.
[0014]
According to such a configuration, even when the main battery device 7 is fully charged, the regenerative current generated by the regenerative power does not flow into the main battery device 7 but becomes a current for charging the sub-battery device 8. This eliminates the need for a resistor for discharging regenerative power as heat, and furthermore, the main battery device 7 is protected from overcharging.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the following embodiments are examples embodying the present invention, and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention.
[0016]
First, when the bogie 104 is towed and the battery-type locomotive 103 goes down the downhill of the inclined shaft 102, the potential energy is changed to kinetic energy, whereby regenerative electric power is generated in the drive motor 12. The regenerative power causes a regenerative current to flow from the drive motor 12 via the motor drive circuit 11 in the direction of the battery, which is the power source, as in the related art.
[0017]
FIG. 1 is a schematic functional block diagram of an overcharge protection device for a battery-powered locomotive to which the present invention is applied. Hereinafter, the configuration will be described together with an operation of regenerating current to a main battery device 7 and a sub-battery device 8.
[0018]
First, a battery device serving as a power source includes a main battery device 7 and a sub-battery device 8, and the main battery device 7 and the sub-battery device 8 are connected in series. That is, the other end of the main battery device 7 is connected to one end of the sub-battery device 8, and one end of the main battery device 7 is connected to the terminal T <b> 1 of the motor drive circuit 11. The end is connected to the terminal T2 of the drive motor circuit 11.
[0019]
When the charging rate of the main battery device 7 mounted on the battery-type locomotive 103 at the charging location 101 of the shaft 100 becomes about 15%, the battery device is replaced with a battery device having a charging rate of 100% or more, and the sub-battery device is replaced. As 8, using a battery device having a charging rate of about 15%, the battery-powered locomotive 103 pulling the bogie 104 starts to descend on the downhill of the inclined shaft 102. Then, when the descent begins to descend, the current is regenerated from the drive motor 12 to the main battery device 7 and the sub-battery device 8 via the motor drive circuit 11, and the charging of the sub-battery device 8 is started. The operation is as follows.
[0020]
That is, when the charging operation signal 55, which is the output of the activation means 1 described later in detail, is "H" (stop command), the operation of the control means 2 described later is stopped, and the output of the control means 2 is output. Becomes "L" and the switching means 3 is turned off. As the switching means 3, an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), an FET, or the like may be used. As described above, when the output of the control means 2 becomes "L" and the switching means 3 is turned off, the regenerative current generated by the regenerative electric power flows from the terminal T1 of the motor drive circuit 11 through the main battery device 7 and the sub-battery device 8 to the motor. It flows to the terminal T2 of the drive circuit 11, and charges the main battery device 7 and the sub-battery device 8 connected in series to the main battery device 7.
[0021]
On the other hand, when the charging operation signal 55 output from the activation unit 1 is “L” (operation command), the activation unit 1 activates the control unit 2. Then, the control unit 2 alternately sets the output to “H” and “L” based on the charging voltage detection value output from the voltage detection unit 10 and the charging current detection value output from the current detection unit 9, and turns on.・ Off operation is performed.
[0022]
When the switching means 3 is turned on when the output of the control means 2 is "H", the main battery device 7 discharges accordingly, and the discharge power at this time and the drive motor via the motor drive circuit 11 Electric power regenerated from 12 is stored as electromagnetic energy in the wire 5 of the current commutation means 4 via the switching means 3.
[0023]
When the charging operation signal 55 is "L (operation command) and the output of the control means 2 becomes" L "following the" H "of the control means 2 and the switching means 3 is turned off, the line The electromagnetic energy stored in the wheel 5 is diverted to the commutation element 6 of the current commutation means 4 to charge the sub-battery device 8. The operation of charging the sub-battery device 8 will be described later in detail. The commutation element 6 includes a first recovery diode.
[0024]
On the other hand, FIG. 2 is a schematic functional block diagram of the activation unit 1, and FIG. 3 is a time transition diagram of the activation unit 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the comparator 50 compares the voltage VB1 of the main battery device 7 with the voltage VB2 of the sub-battery device 8. The voltage VB1 of the main battery device 7 and the voltage VB2 of the sub-battery device 8 are voltages per cell of the cells constituting the battery device, and their rated voltage is generally 2 volts.
[0025]
The output of the test signal generator 56, which is an external circuit of the activating means 2, is periodically generated by a program such as a sequence controller, and the output is always "H". Of these, the signal becomes "L" for only one minute. During this “L” period, the charging operation signal 55 becomes “H”, and charging from the main battery device 7 to the sub-battery device 8 is prohibited (FIG. 3, states S2, S4, S7 on the time axis).
[0026]
On the other hand, if the output voltage VB1 of the main battery device 7 is higher than the output voltage VB2 of the sub-battery device 8 when the output of the test signal generator 56 is "H", the output of the comparator 50 becomes "L". Become. The output is input to the gate 52, the output of the gate 52 becomes "H", and the "H" output is input to the gate 54, and the output of the gate 54 becomes "L". That is, the charging operation signal 55 becomes "L", and this charging operation signal 55 activates the control means 2 (FIG. 3, S1, S3, S6, S8 on the time axis). When the control means 2 operates in this manner, the switching means 3 performs an on / off operation. Then, a charging operation is performed from the main battery device 7 to the sub-battery device 8 via the switching means 3.
[0027]
When the output of the test signal generator 56 switches from "H" to "L" after a predetermined period, the output of the gate 54 becomes "H". That is, the charging operation signal 55 becomes "H", and the charging operation signal 55 stops the operation of the control means 2 (FIG. 3, states S2, S4, S7 on the time axis). When the operation of the control means 2 is stopped in this way, the switching means 3 is also turned off, and the charging operation from the main battery device 7 to the sub-battery device 8 is stopped.
[0028]
Furthermore, when the output voltage of the sub-battery device 8 is higher than or equal to the output voltage VB1 of the main battery device 7 when the output of the test signal generator 56 is “L”, The output becomes “H” and thereafter, even if the output of the inspection signal generator 56 changes from “L” to “H”, the charging operation from the main battery device 7 to the sub-battery device 8 is stopped (FIG. 3). , States S4 and S5 on the time axis).
[0029]
However, the output of the test signal generator 56 returns to “H” after a predetermined period, and if the output voltage VB1 of the main battery device 7 becomes higher than the output voltage VB2 of the sub-battery device 8, the output of the comparator 50 becomes It becomes "L" and the charging operation is performed again (FIG. 3, state S6 on the time axis).
[0030]
As described above, the control means 2 whose operation is controlled by switching the charging operation signal 55, which is the output of the starting means 1, between "H" and "L", determines the charging current to the sub-battery device as follows. Controls voltage and constant current.
[0031]
FIG. 4 is a schematic functional block diagram of the control means 2. As shown in FIG. 4, a charging voltage setting signal set by the charging voltage setting device 20 and a charging voltage detection signal output from the voltage detecting means 10 for detecting the charging voltage of the auxiliary battery device 8 are input to an adder 21. Then, an error between the setting signal and the detection signal is calculated. The output of the adder 21 is input to the voltage error amplifier 22 and amplified. Then, the amplified voltage value is converted into a current value and becomes a charging current setting signal 23. This current value is desirably a current value that is about the maximum power during regeneration of the regenerative power.
[0032]
Further, the charging current setting signal 23 and the charging current detection signal output from the current detecting means 9 for detecting the charging current to the sub-battery device 8 are input to an adder 24, and the setting signal 23 and the detection signal Is calculated. The output of the adder 24 is input to a current error amplifier 25 and amplified, and becomes a constant voltage / constant current command 26 and is input to a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) modulator 27.
[0033]
Based on the constant voltage / constant current command 26, the PWM modulator 27 determines the ON / OFF ratio of the pulse width, and outputs a pulse width-modulated pulse train to the gate circuit 28. That is, for example, if the charging voltage detection signal is smaller than the charging voltage setting signal set by the charging voltage setting device 20, the pulse width is widened, and if it is larger, the pulse width is narrowed. If the charging current detection signal is smaller than the charging current setting signal 23, the pulse width is widened, and if the charging current detection signal is large, the pulse width is narrowed.
[0034]
When the charging operation signal 55 output from the starting means 2 is "L", the gate circuit 28 performs on / off operations in accordance with the pulse train. On and off.
[0035]
As described above, when the switching means 3 is controlled to be turned on / off, a charging operation from the main battery device 7 to the sub-battery device 8 is performed. FIG. 5 shows this state.
[0036]
According to FIG. 5A, when the control means 2 is operating and the switching means 3 is on, the main battery device 7 is short-circuited by the wire 5 and the main battery device 7 is short-circuited with a time constant delay of the wire 5. Discharge current IB1 from battery device 7 flows. The discharge current IB1 is stored as electromagnetic energy in the wire ring 5. When the drive motor 12 is in a regenerative state, the regenerative current IG from the drive motor 12 via the motor drive circuit 11 is included in the discharge current. Has been added. (Mode 1).
[0037]
Subsequently, when the switching means 3 is turned off in accordance with the on / off of the pulse train while the control means 2 is operating, as shown in FIG. 5B, the electromagnetic energy stored in the wire 5 is circulated. The current IB2 that is commutated to the element 6 and charges the secondary battery device 8 (mode 2). When the control means 2 is operating, the mode 1 and the mode 2 are repeated to charge the main battery device 7 to the sub-battery device 8.
[0038]
One ON / OFF period of the pulse train when the control means 2 is operating is a transient phenomenon, for example, as short as several tens of microseconds. Accordingly, during the transient phenomena of mode 1 and mode 2 in which the control means 2 is operating, there is no inflow of the regenerative current IG from the drive motor 12 to the main battery device 7 via the motor drive circuit 11. If this is seen regularly, it will be as follows.
[0039]
That is, assuming that PG (MAX) is the maximum regenerative power that can occur in the operation of the battery type locomotive, the maximum current IG (MAX) flowing from the terminal T1 to the terminal T2 of the motor drive circuit 11 is IG (MAX) = PG (MAX) / (VBAT1 + VBAT2)
become.
Here, VBAT1: voltage of the main battery device VBAT2: voltage of the sub-battery device Further, the current flowing from the wire 5 to the sub-battery device 8, that is, the charging current IB2 to the sub-battery device 8 is IB2 = IG (MAX) × (VBAT1 + VBAT2) ) / VBAT2
Becomes
IB2> IG (1)
It becomes. Therefore, the regenerative current IG does not flow into the main battery device 7 when the control means 2 is operating by setting the charging current IB2 to the sub-battery device 8 so as to satisfy Expression (1).
[0040]
Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 6, even if the positions of the switching means 3 and the commutation element and the positions of the main battery device 7 and the sub-battery device 8 are interchanged, the sub-battery The charging of the device 8 is performed.
[0041]
As described above, even when the main battery device 7 is fully charged, the regenerative current generated by the regenerative power does not flow into the main battery device 7 and becomes a current for charging the sub-battery device 8. There is no need for a resistor to dissipate power as heat, so that the main battery device 7 is protected from overcharging.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the regenerative power is reused as the power for charging the sub-battery device with the regenerative current generated by the regenerative power by using the sub-battery device. This eliminates the need for a resistor to be discharged, and can save the space of the charging device and reduce the weight of the charging device.
[0043]
In addition, the energy saving effect of reusing regenerative power as power for charging the sub-battery device without discharging it as heat has the effect of prolonging the battery replacement cycle for the battery device to be used.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic functional block diagram of an overcharge protection device for a battery-powered locomotive according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic functional block diagram of a starting unit according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a time transition diagram of an activation unit in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic functional block diagram of a control unit according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic functional block diagram showing a charging operation in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic functional block diagram of the overcurrent protection device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a battery-powered locomotive going down a shaft.
FIG. 8 is a schematic functional block diagram of an overvoltage protection device according to the related art.
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 activation means 2 control means 3 switching means 4 current commutation means 5 wire ring 6 commutation element 7 main battery device 8 sub-battery device 9 current detection means 10 voltage detection means 11 motor drive circuit 12 drive motor 20 charging voltage setting unit 21 Adder 22 Voltage error amplifier 23 Charging current setting signal 24 Adder 25 Current error amplifier 26 Constant voltage / constant current command 28 Gate circuit 29 Insulation amplifier 50 Comparator 52 Gate 54 Gate 55 Charging operation signal 100 Vertical shaft 101 Charging site 102 Slope 103 Battery type locomotive 104 Bogie 105 Battery device 106 Overvoltage detection circuit 107 Transistor 108 Resistance

Claims (3)

When recharging the battery device by regenerating power from the drive motor of the battery-type locomotive that pulls the bogie down the inclined shaft to the battery device that is the power source, protects the battery device from overcharging due to the regenerative current. Battery-type locomotive overcharge protection device,
A battery device including a main battery device and an auxiliary battery device connected in series to the main battery device;
Switching means for discharging the main battery device;
Control means for controlling on / off of the switching means based on an output voltage of the sub-battery device and a charging current to the sub-battery device;
Activation means for instructing whether to activate the control means,
When the control means turns on the switching means in an operating state, a current discharged from the main battery device through the switching means or a current regenerated by the drive motor is stored as electromagnetic energy, and the control means And a current commutation means for discharging the stored electromagnetic energy to the sub-battery device and charging the sub-battery device when the switching means is turned off in the operating state. Overcharge protection device. The current commutation means includes a commutation element and a wire, one end of the commutation element and one end of the wire are both connected to one end of the switching means, and the other end of the commutation element is The other end of the wire loop is connected to a connection point between the other end of the sub battery device and one end of the main battery device, and the other end of the switching means is connected to one end of the sub battery device. 2. The overcharge protection device for a battery-powered locomotive according to claim 1, wherein the overcharge protection device is connected to the other end of the main battery device. When the output voltage of the main battery device is higher than the output voltage of the sub-battery device, the start-up means turns on and off the switching means and issues an operation command to charge the sub-battery device from the main battery device. Outputting to the control means, when the output voltage of the main battery device is equal to the output voltage of the sub-battery device, or when the output voltage of the main battery device is smaller than the output voltage of the sub-battery device, 3. The overcharge protection device for a battery-powered locomotive according to claim 1, wherein a stop command for stopping the operation of the means is output to the control means.

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