JP2004107281A - Gastrointestinal immunopotentiator and food and drink product both containing yeast cell wall as effective ingredient - Google Patents

Gastrointestinal immunopotentiator and food and drink product both containing yeast cell wall as effective ingredient Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004107281A
JP2004107281A JP2002274373A JP2002274373A JP2004107281A JP 2004107281 A JP2004107281 A JP 2004107281A JP 2002274373 A JP2002274373 A JP 2002274373A JP 2002274373 A JP2002274373 A JP 2002274373A JP 2004107281 A JP2004107281 A JP 2004107281A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
cell wall
food
gastrointestinal
yeast cell
water
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JP2002274373A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masaaki Yasue
安江 正明
Mariko Saito
斎藤 真理子
Masanori Kaneko
金子 真紀
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Asahi Breweries Ltd
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Asahi Breweries Ltd
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Priority to JP2002274373A priority Critical patent/JP2004107281A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an immunopotentiator effective for preventing and treating adult diseases or a food and drink product with an immunopotentiating function, by utilizing a function of Saccharomyces yeast cell walls to enhance IgA production in a digestive tract. <P>SOLUTION: The gastrointestinal immunopotentiator containing, as the effective component, Saccharomyces yeast cell walls, a soluble component extracted from the cell walls using water or an organic solvent or their mixture, or an insoluble residue obtained after extracting the soluble component from the cell walls using water or the organic solvent or their mixture and the food and drink product having the immunopotentiating function, are provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はサッカロミセス酵母の細胞壁より得られる消化管免疫賦活物質の用途に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
パン酵母やビール酵母は「サッカロミセス属」に含まれ、古くから食品の製造や酒類の醸造に用いられてきた。サッカロミセス酵母は、食品・酒類の発酵・醸造に使用された後も有効活用され、その乾燥粉末、抽出エキス、細胞壁は調味料、食品の賦型剤、ビタミン・ミネラル・核酸成分の原料、培地、飼料微生物等に広く用いられている。その中で「酵母の細胞壁」は、グルコースやマンノースを主体とする可溶性および不溶性の食物繊維を高濃度に含有することを特徴とする。
【0003】
現在我が国の3大死因はガン、脳血管疾患、心疾患であり、高齢化社会の進展によりこれらの罹患率は今後さらに上昇するものと予想される。中でもガンの死亡率の伸びは顕著であり、今や国民の3人に1人の死因となっている。また高齢化により種々の感染症罹患率も上昇傾向にあり、上記3大疾患の合併症としての驚異は高まるばかりである。我々の体は免疫機能を備えており、ガンや感染症の発症から体を守っているが、このような免疫機能には遺伝因子とともに食生活をはじめとする環境因子が大きく関わっていることが知られている。免疫機能を高めるためには時として生活習慣を大きく変える必要があり、持続困難な自己規制を強いられることがある。誰もが受け入れられるような簡便な免疫機能向上手段が望まれている。
【0004】
サッカロミセス酵母の細胞壁に含まれる主な食物繊維は、グルコースの重合体であるグルカンと、マンノースの重合体であるマンナンである。これらの食物繊維は消化酵素の作用により一部が消化、もしくは未消化の状態で大腸に到達し、腸内のビフィズス菌や乳酸菌により資化されて低分子の脂肪酸へと代謝される。低分子の脂肪酸が腸管を刺激する一方、食物繊維自体が便のカサを増したり流動性を高めることで便の流れが良くなり、いわゆる「食物繊維の整腸効果」が発揮される。
【0005】
近年、以下のようなメカニズムにより食物繊維素材を用いて全身の免疫機能を高めることが提唱されている。(1)整腸効果により免疫抑制作用や発ガン性を持った有害物質の排泄が促され、体内への吸収が阻害される。(2)腸内のビフィズス菌・乳酸菌と言った「善玉菌」が増加し、これらの菌や食物繊維自身がパイエル板を始めとする腸内リンパ組織や腸管浸出リンパ球を直接刺激することにより、「消化管免疫機能」、さらには全身の免疫機能が高まる。
【0006】
これまでに行われた動物試験や臨床試験において、食物繊維の経口投与が免疫機能に及ぼす影響について以下のような事実が明らかにされている。すなわち(1)リンパ球の増殖能向上、(2)リンパ球・マクロファージの細胞傷害能向上、(3)マクロファージ・顆粒球の貧食能向上、(4)消化管内でのIgA産生増強等である。中でもIgAは消化管内に分泌され、発ガン物質等の有害物質や有害微生物と直接反応して体外への排泄を促進するため、消化管内における第―の生体防御因子として重要である。
【0007】
近年、食品中の有用物質についての関心が高まっており、副作用のない、安心して摂取することのできる、健康食品がブームとなりつつある。特に高齢者や妊産婦、幼児、子供などについては副作用のない食品由来成分による治療法、予防法が望まれる。
【0008】
サッカロミセス酵母の細胞壁、その可溶性成分、並びに不溶性成分は、従来より免疫機能を高めることが知られており、(1)リンパ球の増殖能向上(例えば、非特許文献1参照)、(2)リンパ球・マクロファージの細胞傷害能向上(例えば、非特許文献2参照)、(3)マクロファージ・顆粒球の貧食能向上(例えば、非特許文献3参照)等の生理活性に関する報告がある。例えば、ビール酵母の自己消化物から得られる水不溶性画分を活性成分とする抗腫瘍剤(例えば、特許文献1参照)、酵母細胞壁画分を有効成分とする腸内環境、アレルギー性疾患の予防や症状の改善(例えば、特許文献2参照)がある。
【0009】
サッカロミセス酵母の腸管内でのIgA産生増強についての報告(例えば、非特許文献4参照)では、ラットに凍結乾燥粉末を与え、糞便中のIgA含量の有意な増加を見出している。しかしながら、分画した細胞壁、その他の成分の活性についての報告例は現時点で見あたらない。
【0010】
【特許文献1】
特公昭62−13327号公報
【特許文献2】
特開2001−55338号公報
【非特許文献1】
Mikami T., Nagase T., Matsumoto T., Suzuki M., Suzuki S., Kumano N.,Microbiol Immunol 1982:26(10): 913−922.
【非特許文献2】
Bogwald J., Johnson E., Seljelil R., Scand J. Immunol 1982, Mar: 15(3): 297−304.
【非特許文献3】
Nguyen BT. Stadtsbaeder S., Arch Int Physiol Biochim. 1978 Feb: 86(1): 207−209.
【非特許文献4】
JEAN−PAUL BUTS et al., Digestive Diseases and Sciences, Vol.35, No.2(February 1990), pp.251−256.
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
以上のように今後も罹患率が上昇の一途をたどると予想されるガンや感染症を予防、治療するにあたり、食品または食品に準ずるものから有効成分を見いだす必要がある。本発明はサッカロミセス酵母の細胞壁の有する消化管内IgA産生増強機能を利用して、成人病の予防、治療に有効な免疫賦活剤、又は免疫賦活機能を持つ飲食品を提供することを目的とする。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は上記目的を達成するためになされたもので、サッカロミセス酵母の細胞壁並びにその成分が、これまで知られていなかったような生理活性を有することを動物実験により確認して本発明を完成するに至った。
【0013】
すなわち本発明は、サッカロミセス酵母の細胞壁、細胞壁を水又は有機溶媒又はそれらの混合物で抽出処理して得られる可溶性成分、もしくは細胞壁から、水又は有機溶媒又はそれらの混合物で可溶性成分を抽出した後に得られる不溶性残渣を有効成分とする消化管免疫賦活剤、又は免疫賦活機能を持つ飲食品を提供する。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
酵母の細胞壁には、市販の製品を使用しても、酵母の菌体から採取したものを用いても良い。酵母の菌体から採取する場合には、サッカロミセス属の酵母菌体を原料として使用し、生菌か死菌か、水分を含んでいるか乾燥されているかは問わない。サッカロミセス属の代表的な酵母としてはパン酵母やビール酵母があげられるが、使用する酵母はこれらに限定されない。一般的には、酵母の自己消化、消化酵素処理、アルカリ、酸あるいは熱水処理、もしくは物理的損傷等により細胞壁の物質透過性を高め、水又は有機溶媒、あるいはこれらの混合物により、細胞内に含まれる可溶性成分を回収した残渣として酵母の細胞壁が得られる。サッカロミセス酵母の細胞壁は溶媒に懸濁した状態で使用しても良いが、真空乾燥、凍結乾燥等により粉末化することもできる。粉末化に際して、適当な賦形剤を加えても差し支えない。
【0015】
サッカロミセス酵母の細胞壁から可溶性成分を抽出する際には、一般に酵母菌体から細胞壁を得た場合よりも、物理的あるいは化学的に強い抽出操作が必要である。可溶性成分の抽出に際しては、水または有機溶媒等が用いられ、これらを混合したものを用いても差し支えない。好ましい抽出溶媒は酸性あるいはアルカリ性の水である。抽出は、室温抽出、加熱抽出さらには加圧抽出(オートクレープ等の処理)等にて行われる.一般的には室温〜121℃で行われる。抽出処理後、遠心分離等により、固形分と液体を分離し、さらに必要に応じて、濾過等の処理を行った後、減圧濃縮等で濃縮する。さらに、真空乾燥、凍結乾燥等により粉末化することもできる。粉末化に際して、適当な賦形剤を加えても差し支えない。
【0016】
サッカロミセス酵母の細胞壁から可溶性成分を抽出した際、副産物として不溶性残渣が得られる。細胞壁の不溶性残渣は、溶媒に懸濁した状態で使用しても良いが、真空乾燥、凍結乾燥等により粉末化することもできる。粉末化に際して、適当な賦形剤を加えても差し支えない。
【0017】
得られたサッカロミセス酵母の細胞壁、その可溶性成分、あるいは不溶性残渣は、経口製品として医薬品に用いることができ、また食品素材と混合して飲食品とすることができる。性状としては固体状または液体状を呈し、医薬品としては経口剤として錠剤、カプセル剤、顆粒剤、シロップ剤等の剤型をとる。
【0018】
医薬品として人体に投与するときは、1回あたり1〜1000mg(乾燥重量)/kg体重の量、好ましくは1〜100mg(乾燥重量)/kg体重の量を、1日に1ないし数回経口投与する。
【0019】
飲食品とする場合、これと混合する食品素材は固形物(粉状、薄片状、塊状など)、半固形物(ゼリー状、水飴状など)、もしくは液状物等のいずれであっても良い。飲食品1gあたりの含有量は、1〜300mg(乾燥重量)であることが望ましい。
【0020】
本発明の酵母の細胞壁、その可溶性成分、あるいは不溶性残渣を含有する医薬品及び飲食品は、消化管内のIgA産生を高めるので、成人病・生活習慣病の予防及び治療上有効なものである。
【0021】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例によってさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
【0022】
実施例1(サッカロミセス酵母細胞壁からの可溶性成分および不溶性残渣の調製)
市販のビール酵母細胞壁(アサヒフードアンドヘルスケア社製)100gを少量の蒸留水に懸濁し、さらに蒸留水を追加して1Lの懸濁液とした。水酸化ナトリウムを添加してpH10.0に調整した後、30分間室温で攪拌した。塩酸を添加してpH6.5に調整した後、5000Gで15分間遠心分離を行い上清を回収した。沈渣を少量の蒸留水に懸濁した後、さらに蒸留水を追加して1Lの懸濁液とし、5000Gで15分間遠心分離を行って上清を回収した。同じ操作をもう1回繰り返して上清を採取し、これまでの操作で得られた上清を全てまとめた後、分画分子量10,000の限外濾過により高分子側を回収した。回収した高分子可溶性成分溶液を30〜40℃において100〜200mmHgの減圧下で濃縮した後、凍結乾燥により15gの可溶性成分粉末を得た。上記3回の遠心分離において得られた不溶性の沈渣をさらに蒸留水で2回洗浄し、凍結乾燥により64gの不溶性残渣を得た。
【0023】
実施例 2 (錠剤、 カプセル剤)
ビール酵母の細胞壁           10.0g
乳糖                  75.0g
ステアリン酸マグネシウム        15.0g
合 計                100.0g
上記の各重量部を均―に混合し、常法に従って錠剤、カプセル剤とした。
【0024】
実施例 3 (錠剤、 カプセル剤)
ビール酵母細胞壁の可溶性成分      10.0g
乳糖                  75.0g
ステアリン酸マグネシウム        15.0g
合 計                100.0g
上記の各重量部を均一に混合し、常法に従って錠剤、カプセル剤とした。
【0025】
実施例 4 (錠剤、カプセル剤)
ビール酵母細胞壁の不溶性残渣      10.0g
乳糖                  75.0g
ステアリン酸マグネシウム        15.0g
合 計                100.0g
上記の各重量部を均ーに混合し、常法に従って錠剤、カプセル剤とした。
【0026】
実施例 5 (散剤、 顆粒剤)
ビール酵母の細胞壁           20.0g
澱粉                  30.0g
乳糖                  50.0g
合 計                100.0g
上記の各重量部を均―に混合し、常法に従って散剤、頼粒剤とした。
【0027】
実施例6 (散剤、 顆粒剤)
ビール酵母細胞壁の可溶性成分      20.0g
澱粉                  30.0g
乳糖                  50.0g
合 計                100.0g
上記の各重量部を均―に混合し、常法に従って散剤、頼粒剤とした。
【0028】
実施例7(散剤、 顆粒剤)
ビール酵母細胞壁の不溶性残渣      20.0g
澱粉                  30.0g
乳糖                  50.0g
合 計                100.0g
上記の各重量部を均―に混合し、常法に従って散剤、頼粒剤とした。
【0029】
実施例8(飴)
ショ糖                 20.0g
水飴(75%固形分)          70.0g
水                    9.5g
着色料                 0.45g
香料                 0.045g
ビール酵母の細胞壁          0.005g
合 計                100.0g
上記の各重量部の各成分を用い、常法に従って飴とした。
【0030】
実施例9(飴)
ショ糖                 20.0g
水飴(75%固形分)          70.0g
水                    9.5g
着色料                 0.45g
香料                 0.045g
ビール酵母細胞壁の可溶性成分     0.005g
合 計                100.0g
上記の各重量部の各成分を用い、常法に従って飴とした。
【0031】
実施例10(飴)
ショ糖                 20.0g
水飴(75%固形分)          70.0g
水                    9.5g
着色料                 0.45g
香料                 0.045g
ビール酵母細胞壁の不溶性残渣     0.005g
合 計                100.0g
上記の各重量部の各成分を用い、常法に従って飴とした。
【0032】
実施例11(ジュース)
濃縮ミカン果汁             15.0g
果糖                   5.0g
クエン酸                 0.2g
香料                   0.1g
色素                  0.15g
アスコルビン酸ナトリウム       0.048g
ビール酵母の細胞壁          0.002g
水                   79.5g
合 計                100.0g
上記の各重量部の各成分を用い、常法に従ってジュースとした。
【0033】
実施例12(ジュース)
濃縮ミカン果汁             15.0g
果糖                   5.0g
クエン酸                 0.2g
香料                   0.1g
色素                  0.15g
アスコルビン酸ナトリウム       0.048g
ビール酵母細胞壁の可溶性成分     0.002g
水                   79.5g
合 計                100.0g
上記の各重量部の各成分を用い、常法に従ってジュースとした。
【0034】
実施例13(ジュース)
濃縮ミカン果汁             15.0g
果糖                   5.0g
クエン酸                 0.2g
香料                   0.1g
色素                  0.15g
アスコルビン酸ナトリウム       0.048g
ビール酵母細胞壁の不溶性残渣     0.002g
水                   79.5g
合 計                100.0g
上記の各重量部の各成分を用い、常法に従ってジュースとした。
【0035】
実施例14(クッキー)
薄力粉                 32.0g
全卵                  16.0g
バター                 16.0g
砂糖                  25.0g
水                   10.8g
ベーキングパウダー          0.198g
ビール酵母の細胞壁          0.002g
上記の各重量部の各成分を用い、常法に従ってクッキーとした。
【0036】
実施例15(クッキー)
薄力粉                 32.0g
全卵                  16.0g
バター                 16.0g
砂糖                  25.0g
水                   10.8g
ベーキングパウダー          0.198g
ビール酵母細胞壁の可溶性成分     0.002g
上記の各重量部の各成分を用い、常法に従ってクッキーとした。
【0037】
実施例16(クッキー)
薄力粉                 32.0g
全卵                  16.0g
バター                 16.0g
砂糖                  25.0g
水                   10.8g
ベーキングパウダー          0.198g
ビール酵母細胞壁の不溶性残渣     0.002g
上記の各重量部の各成分を用い、常法に従ってクッキーとした。
【0038】
実施例17 (ビール酵母細胞壁のIgA産生増強効果)
6週齢の雄性ICR系マウス(日本エスェルシー社)を1群6匹から成る4試験群に分け、それぞれに精製飼料(AIN−93G)、ビール酵母細胞壁(アサヒフードアンドヘルスケア社)を0.5%添加した精製飼料、ビール酵母細胞壁を1%添加した精製飼料、およびビール酵母細胞壁を5%添加した精製飼料を7日間自由摂取させた。動物を安楽死させた後盲腸を摘出し、内容物(糞)を搾り出して4倍量の生理食塩水と混合した。よく攪拌した後、15分間超音波処理を施し、5000Gで10分間遠心分離した。上清を回収し、1%の牛血清アルブミンを含むリン酸緩衝生理食塩水で200倍に希釈した。この希釈液中のIgA含量を、市販のIgA定量キット(フナコシ社)を用いて測定した。.
表1が示す通り、ビール酵母細胞壁の投与により、盲腸内容物中のIgAの含有量が用量依存的に高まることが確認された。
【0039】

Figure 2004107281
【0040】
実施例18(ビール酵母細胞壁、可溶性成分、不溶性残渣のIgA産生増強効果)
6週齢の雄性ICR系マウス(日本エスェルシー社)を1群6匹から成る4試験群に分け、それぞれに精製飼料(AIN−93G)、ビール酵母細胞壁(アサヒフードアンドヘルスケア社)を5%添加した精製飼料、酵母細胞壁の可溶性成分を5%添加した精製飼料、および酵母細胞壁の不溶性残渣を5%添加した精製飼料を7日間自由摂取させた。動物を安楽死させた後盲腸を摘出し、内容物(糞)を搾り出して4倍量の生理食塩水と混合した。よく攪拌した後、15分間超音波処理を施し、5000Gで10分間遠心分離した。上清を回収し、1%の牛血清アルブミンを含むリン酸緩衝生理食塩水で200倍に希釈した。この希釈液中のIgA含量を、市販のIgA定量キット(フナコシ社)を用いて測定した。.
表2が示す通り、ビール酵母細胞壁、可溶性成分、もしくは不溶性残渣の投与により、盲腸内容物中のIgAの含有量が高まることが確認された。
【0041】
Figure 2004107281
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、サッカロミセス酵母の細胞壁、その可溶性成分、もしくはその不溶性残渣を原料として、腸内IgA産生増強活性を有する物質を得ることができた。更にこれを、医薬品や飲食品の材料として容易に利用することができた。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the use of a gastrointestinal immunostimulator obtained from the cell wall of Saccharomyces yeast.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Baker's yeast and brewer's yeast are included in the "genus Saccharomyces" and have long been used in food production and brewing of alcoholic beverages. Saccharomyces yeast is effectively used even after being used for fermentation and brewing of foods and liquors, and its dry powder, extract, and cell wall are seasonings, food excipients, raw materials for vitamins, minerals, and nucleic acid components, culture media, Widely used for feed microorganisms. Among them, the "cell wall of yeast" is characterized by containing a high concentration of soluble and insoluble dietary fiber mainly composed of glucose and mannose.
[0003]
At present, the three major causes of death in Japan are cancer, cerebrovascular disease, and heart disease, and the morbidity of these is expected to increase further in the future as the aging society progresses. In particular, the growth rate of cancer mortality is remarkable, and it is now one in three people. In addition, the morbidity of various infectious diseases is also increasing due to aging, and the wonders of the above three major diseases as complications are only increasing. Although our body has an immune function and protects it from the onset of cancer and infectious diseases, it is important to note that such an immune function is largely influenced by genetic factors and environmental factors such as dietary habits. Are known. Improving immunity sometimes requires drastic changes in lifestyles, which can lead to unsustainable self-regulation. There is a demand for a simple means for improving the immune function that can be accepted by everyone.
[0004]
The main dietary fibers contained in the cell wall of Saccharomyces yeast are glucan, which is a polymer of glucose, and mannan, which is a polymer of mannose. These dietary fibers reach the large intestine in a partially digested or undigested state due to the action of digestive enzymes, and are assimilated by bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria in the intestine and metabolized to low molecular fatty acids. While the low molecular fatty acids stimulate the intestinal tract, the dietary fiber itself increases the lump of the stool and enhances the fluidity thereof, thereby improving the flow of the stool and exerting the so-called “intestinal effect of dietary fiber”.
[0005]
In recent years, it has been proposed to use a dietary fiber material to enhance systemic immune function by the following mechanism. (1) Excretion of harmful substances having an immunosuppressive action and carcinogenicity is promoted by the bowel-regulating effect, and absorption into the body is inhibited. (2) The number of "good bacteria", such as bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria, in the intestine increases, and these bacteria and dietary fiber themselves directly stimulate intestinal lymphoid tissues such as Peyer's patches and intestinal infiltrating lymphocytes. , "Gastrointestinal immunity function", and even the whole body immune function is enhanced.
[0006]
The following facts have been clarified in animal and clinical studies conducted so far on the effects of oral administration of dietary fiber on immune function. That is, (1) enhancement of lymphocyte proliferation ability, (2) enhancement of lymphocyte / macrophage cytotoxicity, (3) enhancement of macrophage / granulocyte phagocytic ability, (4) enhancement of IgA production in the digestive tract, and the like. . Above all, IgA is secreted into the gastrointestinal tract and directly reacts with harmful substances such as carcinogens and harmful microorganisms to promote its excretion outside the body. Therefore, it is important as the first biological defense factor in the gastrointestinal tract.
[0007]
In recent years, interest in useful substances in foods has been increasing, and health foods that have no side effects and can be ingested with confidence are beginning to boom. Particularly for elderly people, pregnant women, infants, children, etc., a treatment or prevention method using food-derived components having no side effects is desired.
[0008]
It has been conventionally known that the cell wall of Saccharomyces yeast, its soluble component, and its insoluble component enhance the immune function. (1) Improvement of lymphocyte proliferation ability (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1), (2) Lymphocyte There are reports on physiological activities such as improvement of cytotoxicity of spheres / macrophages (for example, see Non-Patent Document 2) and (3) improvement of phagocytic ability of macrophages / granulocytes (for example, see Non-Patent Document 3). For example, an antitumor agent containing a water-insoluble fraction obtained from autolysate of brewer's yeast as an active ingredient (for example, see Patent Document 1), an intestinal environment containing a yeast cell wall fraction as an active ingredient, and prevention of allergic diseases And improvement of symptoms (for example, see Patent Document 2).
[0009]
In a report on enhancement of IgA production in the intestinal tract of Saccharomyces yeast (for example, see Non-Patent Document 4), rats were given a freeze-dried powder, and found that the IgA content in feces was significantly increased. However, there are no reports on the activity of the fractionated cell wall and other components at this time.
[0010]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-13327 [Patent Document 2]
JP 2001-55338 A [Non-Patent Document 1]
Mikami T .; , Nagase T .; , Matsumoto T .; , Suzuki M .; , Suzuki S .; , Kumano N .; , Microbiol Immunol 1982: 26 (10): 913-922.
[Non-patent document 2]
Bogward J .; , Johnson E. et al. , Seljeil R .; , Scand J .; Immunol 1982, Mar: 15 (3): 297-304.
[Non-Patent Document 3]
Nguyen BT. Stadtsbaeder S.A. , Arch Int Physiol Biochim. 1978 Feb: 86 (1): 207-209.
[Non-patent document 4]
JEAN-PAUL BUTS et al. , Digestive Diseases and Sciences, Vol. 35, no. 2 (February 1990) pp. 251-256.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in preventing and treating cancers and infectious diseases, which are expected to continue to increase in incidence, it is necessary to find active ingredients from foods or food equivalents. An object of the present invention is to provide an immunostimulant effective for preventing and treating adult diseases, or a food or drink having an immunostimulatory function, by utilizing the function of enhancing the intestinal tract IgA production possessed by the cell wall of Saccharomyces yeast.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and the present invention has been completed by confirming, through animal experiments, that the cell wall of Saccharomyces yeast and its components have a physiological activity that has not been known so far. Reached.
[0013]
That is, the present invention provides a cell wall of Saccharomyces yeast, a soluble component obtained by extracting the cell wall with water or an organic solvent or a mixture thereof, or a soluble component obtained from a cell wall after extracting a soluble component with water or an organic solvent or a mixture thereof. The present invention provides a gastrointestinal tract immunostimulant containing the obtained insoluble residue as an active ingredient, or a food or drink having an immunostimulating function.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
A commercially available product may be used for the cell wall of the yeast, or a cell collected from the yeast cells may be used. When harvesting from yeast cells, yeast cells of the genus Saccharomyces are used as raw materials, and it does not matter whether they are live or dead, and whether they contain moisture or are dried. Typical yeasts of the genus Saccharomyces include baker's yeast and brewer's yeast, but the yeast used is not limited to these. Generally, the material permeability of the cell wall is increased by autolysis of yeast, digestion enzyme treatment, alkali, acid or hot water treatment, or physical damage, etc., and into the cell by water or an organic solvent, or a mixture thereof. A yeast cell wall is obtained as a residue obtained by recovering the contained soluble components. The cell wall of Saccharomyces yeast may be used in a state of being suspended in a solvent, but may be powdered by vacuum drying, freeze drying or the like. Upon powdering, an appropriate excipient may be added.
[0015]
When extracting a soluble component from the cell wall of Saccharomyces yeast, a physically or chemically stronger extraction operation is generally required than when the cell wall is obtained from yeast cells. In extracting the soluble component, water or an organic solvent is used, and a mixture of these may be used. Preferred extraction solvents are acidic or alkaline water. Extraction is performed by room temperature extraction, heat extraction, and pressure extraction (treatment such as autoclave). Generally, it is performed at room temperature to 121 ° C. After the extraction treatment, the solid content and the liquid are separated by centrifugation or the like, and, if necessary, after treatment such as filtration, the mixture is concentrated by vacuum concentration or the like. Further, it can be powdered by vacuum drying, freeze drying or the like. Upon powdering, an appropriate excipient may be added.
[0016]
When a soluble component is extracted from the cell wall of Saccharomyces yeast, an insoluble residue is obtained as a by-product. The insoluble residue on the cell wall may be used in a state of being suspended in a solvent, but may be powdered by vacuum drying, freeze drying or the like. Upon powdering, an appropriate excipient may be added.
[0017]
The obtained cell wall of Saccharomyces yeast, its soluble component, or insoluble residue can be used as an oral product for pharmaceuticals, and can be mixed with food materials to produce foods and drinks. It takes a solid or liquid form as a property, and a pharmaceutical takes an oral dosage form such as tablets, capsules, granules, syrups and the like.
[0018]
When administered to the human body as a medicament, an amount of 1 to 1000 mg (dry weight) / kg body weight per dose, preferably 1 to 100 mg (dry weight) / kg body weight is orally administered once or several times a day. I do.
[0019]
In the case of food or drink, the food material mixed therewith may be any of a solid (powder, flake, lump, etc.), a semi-solid (jelly, syrup, etc.) or a liquid. The content per 1 g of food or drink is desirably 1 to 300 mg (dry weight).
[0020]
Pharmaceutical products and foods and drinks containing the yeast cell wall, soluble components or insoluble residues thereof of the present invention enhance IgA production in the gastrointestinal tract, and thus are effective in preventing and treating adult diseases and lifestyle-related diseases.
[0021]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0022]
Example 1 (Preparation of soluble component and insoluble residue from Saccharomyces yeast cell wall)
100 g of a commercially available beer yeast cell wall (manufactured by Asahi Food and Health Care Co., Ltd.) was suspended in a small amount of distilled water, and distilled water was added to make a 1 L suspension. After adjusting the pH to 10.0 by adding sodium hydroxide, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. After adjusting the pH to 6.5 by adding hydrochloric acid, the mixture was centrifuged at 5000 G for 15 minutes to recover the supernatant. After suspending the sediment in a small amount of distilled water, distilled water was further added to make a 1 L suspension, and centrifuged at 5000 G for 15 minutes to collect the supernatant. The same operation was repeated one more time to collect the supernatant, and after collecting all the supernatants obtained by the above operations, the high molecular side was recovered by ultrafiltration having a molecular weight cut off of 10,000. The collected polymer soluble component solution was concentrated at 30 to 40 ° C. under reduced pressure of 100 to 200 mmHg, and then lyophilized to obtain 15 g of a soluble component powder. The insoluble precipitate obtained in the above three centrifugations was further washed twice with distilled water, and lyophilized to obtain 64 g of an insoluble residue.
[0023]
Example 2 (tablets, capsules)
Cell wall of beer yeast 10.0g
Lactose 75.0g
Magnesium stearate 15.0g
Total 100.0g
The above parts by weight were uniformly mixed to obtain tablets and capsules according to a conventional method.
[0024]
Example 3 (tablets, capsules)
Soluble component of beer yeast cell wall 10.0g
Lactose 75.0g
Magnesium stearate 15.0g
Total 100.0g
The above parts by weight were uniformly mixed to obtain tablets and capsules according to a conventional method.
[0025]
Example 4 (tablets, capsules)
Insoluble residue of beer yeast cell wall 10.0g
Lactose 75.0g
Magnesium stearate 15.0g
Total 100.0g
The above parts by weight were uniformly mixed to obtain tablets and capsules according to a conventional method.
[0026]
Example 5 (powder, granule)
Beer yeast cell wall 20.0g
Starch 30.0g
Lactose 50.0g
Total 100.0g
The above parts by weight were uniformly mixed to give a powder and granule according to a conventional method.
[0027]
Example 6 (powder, granule)
Soluble component of beer yeast cell wall 20.0g
Starch 30.0g
Lactose 50.0g
Total 100.0g
The above parts by weight were uniformly mixed to give a powder and granule according to a conventional method.
[0028]
Example 7 (powder, granule)
Insoluble residue on beer yeast cell wall 20.0g
Starch 30.0g
Lactose 50.0g
Total 100.0g
The above parts by weight were uniformly mixed to give a powder and granule according to a conventional method.
[0029]
Example 8 (candy)
Sucrose 20.0g
70.0g syrup (75% solids)
9.5 g of water
0.45 g coloring
Spice 0.045g
Beer yeast cell wall 0.005g
Total 100.0g
A candy was prepared according to a conventional method using the above components in each part by weight.
[0030]
Example 9 (candy)
Sucrose 20.0g
70.0g syrup (75% solids)
9.5 g of water
0.45 g coloring
Spice 0.045g
Soluble component of beer yeast cell wall 0.005g
Total 100.0g
A candy was prepared according to a conventional method using the above components in each part by weight.
[0031]
Example 10 (candy)
Sucrose 20.0g
70.0g syrup (75% solids)
9.5 g of water
0.45 g coloring
Spice 0.045g
Insoluble residue on beer yeast cell wall 0.005g
Total 100.0g
A candy was prepared according to a conventional method using the above components in each part by weight.
[0032]
Example 11 (juice)
Concentrated orange juice 15.0g
Fructose 5.0g
Citric acid 0.2g
Spice 0.1g
0.15 g of pigment
Sodium ascorbate 0.048g
Beer yeast cell wall 0.002g
79.5 g of water
Total 100.0g
A juice was prepared using the above-mentioned respective parts by weight and in accordance with a conventional method.
[0033]
Example 12 (juice)
Concentrated orange juice 15.0g
Fructose 5.0g
Citric acid 0.2g
Spice 0.1g
0.15 g of pigment
Sodium ascorbate 0.048g
Soluble component of beer yeast cell wall 0.002g
79.5 g of water
Total 100.0g
A juice was prepared using the above-mentioned respective parts by weight and in accordance with a conventional method.
[0034]
Example 13 (juice)
Concentrated orange juice 15.0g
Fructose 5.0g
Citric acid 0.2g
Spice 0.1g
0.15 g of pigment
Sodium ascorbate 0.048g
Insoluble residue on beer yeast cell wall 0.002g
79.5 g of water
Total 100.0g
A juice was prepared using the above-mentioned respective parts by weight and in accordance with a conventional method.
[0035]
Example 14 (cookie)
Soft flour 32.0g
16.0 g of whole egg
16.0 g of butter
Sugar 25.0g
10.8g of water
Baking powder 0.198g
Beer yeast cell wall 0.002g
A cookie was prepared according to a conventional method using the above components in each part by weight.
[0036]
Example 15 (cookie)
Soft flour 32.0g
16.0 g of whole egg
16.0 g of butter
Sugar 25.0g
10.8g of water
Baking powder 0.198g
Soluble component of beer yeast cell wall 0.002g
A cookie was prepared according to a conventional method using the above components in each part by weight.
[0037]
Example 16 (cookie)
Soft flour 32.0g
16.0 g of whole egg
16.0 g of butter
Sugar 25.0g
10.8g of water
Baking powder 0.198g
Insoluble residue on beer yeast cell wall 0.002g
A cookie was prepared according to a conventional method using the above components in each part by weight.
[0038]
Example 17 (IgA production enhancing effect of beer yeast cell wall)
Six-week-old male ICR mice (Nippon Shelsea) were divided into 4 test groups each consisting of 6 mice, each containing purified feed (AIN-93G) and brewer's yeast cell wall (Asahi Food and Healthcare) in 0.1 mg / ml. The purified feed to which 5% was added, the purified feed to which 1% of brewer's yeast cell wall was added, and the purified feed to which 5% of brewer's yeast cell wall were added were freely taken for 7 days. After the animals were euthanized, the cecum was excised and the contents (feces) were squeezed out and mixed with 4 volumes of saline. After stirring well, the mixture was sonicated for 15 minutes and centrifuged at 5000 G for 10 minutes. The supernatant was collected and diluted 200-fold with phosphate buffered saline containing 1% bovine serum albumin. The IgA content in the diluted solution was measured using a commercially available IgA quantification kit (Funakoshi). .
As shown in Table 1, it was confirmed that the administration of the brewer's yeast cell wall increased the IgA content in the cecal contents in a dose-dependent manner.
[0039]
Figure 2004107281
[0040]
Example 18 (IgA production enhancing effect of brewer's yeast cell wall, soluble components and insoluble residue)
Six-week-old male ICR mice (Japan Shelsea Co., Ltd.) were divided into 4 test groups each consisting of 6 mice, and purified feed (AIN-93G) and brewer's yeast cell wall (Asahi Food and Healthcare) were 5% each. The purified feed added, the purified feed added with 5% of the soluble component of the yeast cell wall, and the purified feed added with 5% of the insoluble residue of the yeast cell wall were freely taken for 7 days. After the animals were euthanized, the cecum was excised and the contents (feces) were squeezed out and mixed with 4 volumes of saline. After stirring well, the mixture was sonicated for 15 minutes and centrifuged at 5000 G for 10 minutes. The supernatant was collected and diluted 200-fold with phosphate buffered saline containing 1% bovine serum albumin. The IgA content in the diluted solution was measured using a commercially available IgA quantification kit (Funakoshi). .
As shown in Table 2, it was confirmed that the administration of the brewer's yeast cell wall, the soluble component, or the insoluble residue increased the IgA content in the cecal contents.
[0041]
Figure 2004107281
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the substance which has the intestinal IgA production enhancement activity was able to be obtained from the cell wall of Saccharomyces yeast, its soluble component, or its insoluble residue as a raw material. Furthermore, it could be easily used as a material for medicines and foods and drinks.

Claims (6)

サッカロミセス酵母の細胞壁を有効成分とする消化管内でのIgA産生を増強する消化管免疫賦活剤。A gastrointestinal immunostimulant for enhancing IgA production in the gastrointestinal tract, comprising a cell wall of Saccharomyces yeast as an active ingredient. サッカロミセス酵母の細胞壁を、水又は有機溶媒又はそれらの混合物で抽出処理して得られる可溶性成分を有効成分とする消化管免疫賦活剤。A gastrointestinal tract immunostimulant comprising, as an active ingredient, a soluble component obtained by extracting a cell wall of Saccharomyces yeast with water or an organic solvent or a mixture thereof. サッカロミセス酵母の細胞壁から、水又は有機溶媒又はそれらの混合物で可溶性成分を抽出した後に得られる不溶性残渣を有効成分とする消化管免疫賦活剤。A gastrointestinal tract immunostimulator comprising, as an active ingredient, an insoluble residue obtained after extracting a soluble component from water or an organic solvent or a mixture thereof from the cell wall of Saccharomyces yeast. サッカロミセス酵母の細胞壁を有効成分とする消化管免疫賦活機能を持つ飲食品。A food or drink product with a gastrointestinal immunity-activating function that uses the cell wall of Saccharomyces yeast as an active ingredient. サッカロミセス酵母の細胞壁を、水又は有機溶媒又はそれらの混合物で抽出処理して得られるエキスを有効成分とする消化管免疫賦活機能を持つ飲食品。A food or drink having a gastrointestinal immunity-activating function, comprising an extract obtained by extracting a cell wall of Saccharomyces yeast with water or an organic solvent or a mixture thereof as an active ingredient. サッカロミセス酵母の細胞壁から、水又は有機溶媒又はそれらの混合物で可溶性成分を抽出した後に得られる不溶性残渣を有効成分とする消化管免疫賦活機能を持つ飲食品。A food or drink having a gastrointestinal immunity-activating function, comprising an insoluble residue obtained by extracting a soluble component from the cell wall of Saccharomyces yeast with water or an organic solvent or a mixture thereof as an active ingredient.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007045714A (en) * 2005-08-05 2007-02-22 Kirin Brewery Co Ltd Composition for ameliorating skin condition
JP2008043206A (en) * 2006-08-10 2008-02-28 Yakult Honsha Co Ltd Orally-ingested solid composition, and method for producing the same
JP2009022227A (en) * 2007-07-20 2009-02-05 Kirin Holdings Co Ltd Method for producing yeast cell wall fraction

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007045714A (en) * 2005-08-05 2007-02-22 Kirin Brewery Co Ltd Composition for ameliorating skin condition
JP4545063B2 (en) * 2005-08-05 2010-09-15 キリンホールディングス株式会社 Skin condition improving composition
JP2008043206A (en) * 2006-08-10 2008-02-28 Yakult Honsha Co Ltd Orally-ingested solid composition, and method for producing the same
JP2009022227A (en) * 2007-07-20 2009-02-05 Kirin Holdings Co Ltd Method for producing yeast cell wall fraction

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