JP2004082119A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crusher easily adaptable to multikind, small volume production by exchanging crushing members mutually different in crushing method. <P>SOLUTION: The crusher A is provided with a raw material inlet 2, a powder outlet 3, and a crushing chamber 3 in between, wherein the crushing members disposed in the crushing chamber 1 can be exchanged for those of the different crushing method. Any one of pulverizing mill type crushing members 10, cutter mill type crushing members 20, and pin mill type crushing members 30 is disposed in the crushing chamber 1 and is exchangeable for at least another one of those of a different crushing method. All the members composing the crushing members are disposed coaxially with a rotary shaft 7 piercing through the crushing chamber 1 and can be disassembled separately in the direction of the rotary shaft 7. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

The present invention relates to a pulverizing device for pulverizing a solid raw material.

粉 砕 Pulverizers for pulverizing solid raw materials are used in a wide range of industrial fields such as food, pharmaceuticals, mining and chemical industries. It is important to keep the particle size distribution and particle shape of the pulverized powder constant and to obtain powder of the desired particle size and shape. A pulverizer, a pin mill pulverizer, a fine pulverizer, or a jet mill pulverizer is widely known (for example, Patent Document 1). Each of these pulverizing apparatuses has a pulverizing method determined by the pulverizing apparatus. Therefore, the user needs to select a pulverizing apparatus of an appropriate pulverizing method in accordance with the desired particle size and shape of the powder, the material of the solid raw material, and the like. If necessary, a plurality of pulverizing apparatuses are installed. On the other hand, in recent years, diversification of consumers' preferences has made it necessary to carry out multi-product small-lot production. That is, it has been necessary to provide a plurality of pulverizing apparatuses of the different pulverizing methods described above.

However, installing a plurality of pulverizers imposes a heavy burden on the user not only in terms of equipment cost but also in installation location, equipment efficiency, and the like.
JP-A-7-185372

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a pulverizing apparatus that can easily adapt to multi-product small-lot production by exchanging pulverizing members having different pulverization methods.

(Invention of claim 1)
The pulverizing apparatus of the present invention is a pulverizing apparatus having a raw material supply section, a powder discharge section, and a pulverizing chamber in the middle thereof. .
(Invention of claim 2)
The pulverizing device of the present invention relates to the invention of claim 1, wherein the pulverizing member is one of a fine pulverizing type pulverizing member, a cutter mill type pulverizing member, and a pin mill type pulverizing member disposed inside the pulverizing chamber, and the other type. Can be replaced with at least one of the crushing members.
(Invention of claim 3)
The crushing apparatus according to the present invention relates to the invention described in claim 1 or 2, wherein all members constituting the crushing member are arranged coaxially with an axis of a rotating shaft passing through the crushing chamber. Can be separated independently in the direction of the axis.
(Invention of Claim 4)
The crushing apparatus according to the present invention relates to the invention according to claim 3, wherein at least a part of a casing constituting the crushing chamber is a lid that can be opened and closed, and the lid is on an extension of the axis of the rotary shaft. The crushing member is replaced through an opening formed when the lid is opened.

The present invention has the following effects because of the following configuration.

(4) From the contents described in the section of the best mode for carrying out the present invention, a pulverizing apparatus in which the pulverizing members are replaceable and which can be easily adapted to high-mix low-volume production can be provided.

粉 砕 A pulverizer according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a pulverizing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a pulverizing member is provided in a pulverizing chamber. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which the fine pulverizing type pulverizing member is separated in the direction of the axis of the rotating shaft in the pulverizing apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a pulverizing chamber of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a pulverizing member of another example in a pulverizing chamber. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state where the pulverizing member of another example is separated in the direction of the axis of the rotating shaft in the pulverizing apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a pulverizing chamber is provided with a cutter mill type pulverizing member in the pulverizing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a state where the cutter mill type pulverizing member is separated in the direction of the axis of the rotating shaft in the pulverizing apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a pin mill type pulverizing member is provided in a pulverizing chamber in the pulverizing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state where the pin mill type pulverizing member is separated in the direction of the axis of the rotating shaft in the pulverizing apparatus shown in FIG.

The pulverizing apparatus A is a pulverizing apparatus including a raw material supply unit 2, a powder discharging unit 3, and a pulverizing chamber 1 provided therebetween. The pulverizing chamber 1 includes a cylindrical casing 4 and casings 5 attached to both ends thereof. , 6. The casing 5 includes the raw material supply unit 2, the casing 6 includes the powder discharge unit 3, and the casing 6 is openable and closable. A rotary shaft 7 penetrates the inside of the crushing chamber 1, and a crushing member is disposed coaxially with the axis of the rotary shaft 7. A motor (not shown) is directly connected to the rotating shaft 7. The crushing members include those having different crushing methods such as a fine crushing type crushing member 10, a cutter mill type crushing member 20, and a pin mill type crushing member 30, and any of them can be attached. That is, each of the pulverizing members 10, 20, 30 can be replaced. Each of the pulverizing members 10, 20, 30 will be described in more detail. Here, for convenience of description, in the crushing chamber 1, the casing 5 side is defined as a front side, and the casing 6 side is defined as a rear side.
(About the fine pulverizing pulverizing member 10)
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the fine pulverizing type pulverizing member 10 includes a non-rotating portion including stators 11, 12, and 13, a coarse pulverizing rotor 14, a fine pulverizing rotor 15, a bladed rotor 16, a rotor 17, and a bladed rotor. 18 of the rotating unit. These are arranged coaxially with the axis of the rotating shaft 7 in the order described above. The pulverizing member 10 can be attached through an opening formed when the openable and closable casing 6 is removed, and can be separated from the opening independently in the direction of the axis of the shaft. . The outer diameter of each of the stators 11, 12, and 13 constituting the non-rotating portion is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the casing 4.

The fine crushing rotor 15 includes a plurality of blades 15a and 15b, and the radius of the coarse crushing rotor 14 is smaller than the rotation radius of the blades 15a and 15b and the fine crushing rotor 15, as shown in FIG. It expands in an uneven manner toward. That is, the rotation peripheral speed of the coarse grinding rotor 14 is lower than the rotation peripheral speed of the blades 15a, 15b and the fine grinding rotor 15, and the solid raw material supplied from the raw material supply unit 2 is rotated at a low peripheral speed to a medium peripheral speed. Compressed, sheared and ground to coarse powder. Further, since the coarse crushing rotor 14 has a shape that expands in a concave and convex manner from the front to the rear as described above, the distance in the direction of the axis of the rotating shaft of the coarse crushing rotor 14 is reduced, and The pulverizer A is made compact.

ブ レ ー ド The blades 15a and 15b are installed on the front and rear outer sides of the fine grinding rotor 15. On the other hand, stators 11, 12, and 13 are installed inside the casing 4, and the stator 12 has an L-shaped cross section so as to surround the outer peripheral surface and the rear surface of the blade 15b. Since the stator 12 has an L-shaped cross section, the distance in the direction of the axis of the rotating shaft of the stator 12 can be reduced, and the pulverizer A can be made more compact. The rotary shaft 7 rotates at a very high speed, and the fine grinding rotor 15 rotates with the rotation. Due to the inertial force and the centrifugal force in the rotation direction, a high-speed airflow spiraling around the rotary shaft 7 toward the outer periphery is generated. I do. The generated coarse powder is accelerated toward the outer periphery of the rotor 15 by the high-speed airflow. In this process, the coarse powder collides with each other, is beaten by the blades 15a and 15b, or collides with the inner wall surface of the stator 12, and violently repeats collision and shearing to be pulverized. A large number of grooves 12a are provided on the inner wall surface of the stator 12 in a direction intersecting with the rotation direction of the blade 15b, so that the coarse powder accelerated at a high speed causes a stronger impact force when repeating collision and shearing. Due to the shearing force and the compressive force, the pulverizing action is further promoted, and the pulverizing efficiency is remarkably improved.

隙間 Gaps G1 and G2 are formed between the outer peripheral surfaces of the rotation regions of the blades 15a and 15b and the fine grinding rotor 15 and the inner wall surfaces of the stators 11 and 12, respectively. The turning radius of the blade 15b is slightly larger than the turning radius of the blade 15a and the radius of the fine grinding rotor 15. That is, the gap G2 is slightly smaller than the gap G1.

The rotor 16 with blades has a plurality of blades 16a protruding outward and rearward, and the rotor 18 with blades has a plurality of blades 18a protruding in the front, outer circumference, and rearward directions. The rotation radius of the blade portion 16a is larger than that of the blade portion 18a, and forms a gap G3 between the convex portion of the stator 12 and the outer peripheral surface of the blade portion 16a.

The stator 12, the blades 15b, and the blades 16 form a space S1, and the space S1 is in a negative pressure state due to an airflow generated by rotation of the bladed rotor 16 and the bladed rotor 18. Therefore, in the pulverizing process, the powder is sucked into S1 and receives a stronger impact force, shearing force and compressive force, so that the pulverizing action is further promoted and the pulverizing efficiency is remarkably improved.

In this pulverizing member 10, the particle size of the powder can be adjusted by the number of rotations of the rotary shaft 7 and the number of the blades 16a. Can be.

In this pulverizing member 10, the rotating outer diameter of the rotating part is not particularly limited as long as it is within a range smaller than the inner diameter of the non-rotating part. Preferably, the rotating radii of the blades 15 a and 15 b and the fine grinding rotor 15 are For example, when small size and versatility are required, it is good to set it in the range of 200 to 1000 mm.

微 In the pulverizing member 10 of the fine pulverization method, the size of the gaps G1 and G2 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the gap G2 is slightly narrower than the gap G1 as described above. With this configuration, the energy of the repeated collision and shear given to the powder in the gaps G1 and G2 is initially weak and gradually increased, and it is possible to gently pulverize the material so as not to damage the material properties of the solid raw material. It is possible to prevent the powder from staying in the gaps G1 and G2. When the turning radius of the blades 15a and 15b is set in the range of 200 to 1000 mm as described in the previous paragraph, the gaps G1 and G2 are within 5 mm in the turning radius of the lower half region (200 to 600 mm). In the upper half region (600 to 1000 mm), the rotation radius is preferably within 10 mm.

微 In the fine pulverizing member 10, the depth of the groove 12 a is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 3 to 10 mm.

微 In the pulverizing member 10 of the fine pulverization method, the shape of the blade 15a is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the blade 15a be long in the rotation direction and short in the radial direction because the air resistance is reduced and the pulverization can be performed without difficulty.

In the pulverizing member 10 of the fine pulverization method, the size of the gap G3 is not particularly limited. However, if the gap is large, powder having a large particle size passes, and if the gap is small, excessive pulverization occurs, and pulverization occurs. This leads to lower efficiency. Preferably, it is good to set in the range of 1-5 mm.

In the pulverizing member 10 of the pulverizing method, the number and the shape of the blades 16a are not particularly limited. For example, the blades 16a of the bladed rotor 16 have more blades as shown in FIGS. Or a blade having a shape in which a cutout portion 16b is provided in a radially inner portion of a portion protruding in the rear surface direction.

In the pulverizing member 10 of the pulverizing method, the bladed rotor 18 is a discharge fan for discharging the powder classified by the bladed rotor 16 as soon as possible. The radius of gyration of the blades 16a and 18a is not particularly limited. However, if the radius of gyration of the blade 18a is larger than that of the rotor 16 with blades, the discharge efficiency is reduced. Is preferably larger than that of the blade portion 18a.
(About the cutter mill type pulverizing member 20)
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the cutter mill type pulverizing member 20 includes a non-rotating portion including stators 21, 22, and 23 and a rotating portion including rotors 24, 25, bladed rotor 26, rotor 17, and bladed rotor 18. Unit. These are all arranged coaxially with the axis of the rotary shaft 7 in the order described above. The cutter mill type crushing member 20 can be attached from an opening formed when the openable / closable casing 6 is removed, and can be separated from the opening in the direction of the axis of the rotating shaft independently of each other. is there. The outer diameter of each of the stators 21, 22 and 23 constituting the non-rotating portion is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the casing 4.

ス テ ー タ A plurality of blades 21a are provided on a rear surface of the stator 21, a plurality of blades 22a are provided on an inner wall surface of the stator 22, and a plurality of blades 25a are provided on the rotor 25. The cross section of the stator 22 is formed in an L shape so as to surround the outer peripheral surface and the rear surface of the blade 25a.

The rotating shaft 7 rotates at a very high speed, and the fine crushing rotor 25 rotates accordingly, and a high-speed airflow spiraling around the rotating shaft 7 toward the outer periphery is generated by the inertial force and the centrifugal force in the rotating direction. I do. The generated coarse powder is accelerated toward the outer periphery of the rotor 25 by the high-speed airflow.

The blade 25a has a shape protruding in the front, outer circumference, and rear directions of the rotor 25, and a portion protruding forward has a shape extending radially from the front surface to the outer circumference. The solid raw material supplied from the raw material supply unit 2 is first coarsely pulverized by a radially central portion of a front protruding portion of the blade 25a, and subsequently, a blade 21a provided on an outer portion of the front protruding portion of the blade 25a and the stator 21. Pulverized by Further, in order to eliminate variation in the particle size of the powder, the blade 25a is further finely pulverized by the outer peripheral and rearward projecting portions and the inner wall surface of the stator 22.

隙間 A gap G4 is formed between the blade 25a and the stator 21, and a gap G5 is formed between the blade 25a and the stator 22. The gap G5 is slightly smaller than the gap G4.

The bladed rotor 26 has a plurality of blade portions 26a protruding outward and rearward. The rotation radius of the blade portion 26a is larger than that of the blade portion 18a, and forms a gap G6 between the convex portion of the stator 22 and the outer peripheral surface of the blade portion 26a.

In the pulverizing member 20 of the fine pulverizing method, the particle size of the powder can be adjusted by the number of rotations of the rotary shaft 7 and the number of the blades 26a. Can be.

In this cutter mill type pulverizing member 20, the rotating outer diameter of the rotating portion is not particularly limited as long as it is smaller than the inner diameter of the non-rotating portion, but preferably, the rotating radius of the blade 25a is the above-described blade 15a, 15b. For the same reason as the turning radius of the fine pulverizing rotor 15, it may be set in the range of 200 to 1000 mm.

In the cutter mill type pulverizing member 20, the size of the gaps G4 and G5 is not particularly limited as in the case of the G1 and G2. However, if the gap G5 is slightly narrower than the gap G4 as described above, The energy of the repeated collision and shearing applied to the solid material is initially weak and gradually increased, and can be gently pulverized so as not to damage the material properties of the solid raw material, preventing the powder from staying in the gaps G4 and G5. So good. When the turning radius of the blade 25a is set in the range of 200 to 1000 mm for the same reason as G1 and G2, the gaps G4 and G5 are within 5 mm in the turning radius of the lower half region (200 to 600 mm). In the upper half region (600 to 1000 mm), the rotation radius is preferably within 10 mm.

カ ッ タ ー In the cutter mill type pulverizing member 20, the size of the gap G6 is not particularly limited, but is preferably set in the range of 1 to 5 mm for the same reason as the G3.

に お い て In the cutter mill type pulverizing member 20, the number and shape of the blade portions 26a are not limited as in the above-described blade portion 16a.

In this cutter mill type pulverizing member 20, the turning radius of the blade portion 26a is not limited similarly to the above-mentioned blade portion 16a, but for the same reason, the turning radius of the blade portion 26a is larger than that of the blade portion 18a. preferable.
(About the pin mill type crushing member 30)
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the pin mill type pulverizing member 30 is composed of a non-rotating portion including a stator 31 with pins, and a rotating portion including a rotor 34, a rotor 35 with pins, a collar 36, a rotor 17, and a rotor 18 with blades. ing. These are all arranged coaxially with the axis of the rotating shaft 7 in the order of the rotor 34, the pinned stator 31, the pinned rotor 35, the collar 36, the rotor 17, and the bladed rotor 18. The pin mill type pulverizing member 30 can be attached from an opening formed when the openable / closable casing 6 is removed, and can be separated from the opening independently in the direction of the axis of the rotating shaft 7. is there. The outer diameter of the pinned stator 31 constituting the non-rotating portion is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the casing 4.

The pins provided on the pinned stator 31 and the pinned rotor 35 are attached to the rotor itself from the back of the rotor by fasteners (not shown) such as bolts. The pinned stator 31 and the pinned rotor 35 are provided such that their pins face each other alternately, and are supplied from the raw material supply unit 2 by a compression force, a shearing force, and a collision force generated by rotation of the pinned rotor 35. The solid raw material is pulverized.

(4) The collar 36 is connected to the rotor 35 with pins, and forms a gap G7 between the collar 36 and the inner wall surface of the casing 4 to adjust the particle size of the powder. If the particle size of the finely pulverized powder is large, the powder does not pass through the gap G7 and is returned to the vicinity of the rotation range of the rotor 35 with the pin by the airflow due to the centrifugal force of the rotor 18 with blades. It passes through the gap G7 without much influence of the air current.

ピ ン In this pin mill type pulverizing member 30, the particle size of the powder can be adjusted by the number of rotations of the rotary shaft 7, and the more the particle size, the finer the powder can be obtained. Therefore, the collar 36 may not be provided, but it is preferable to provide the collar 36 in order to easily adjust the particle size of the powder.

に お い て In the pin mill type pulverizing member 30, the rotating outer diameter of the rotating portion is not particularly limited as long as it is smaller than the inner diameter of the non-rotating portion. Preferably, the rotation radius of the pinned rotor 35 is set in the range of 200 to 1000 mm for the same reason as the rotation radius of the blades 15a and 15b and the fine pulverizing rotor 15 described above.

In the pin mill type pulverizing member 30, the size of the gap G7 is not particularly limited. However, if the gap is large, a powder having a large particle size passes through. Leads to a decrease. Preferably, it is good to set in the range of 1-5 mm.

As described above, all of the members constituting the fine pulverizing type pulverizing member 10, the cutter mill type pulverizing member 20, and the pin mill type pulverizing member 30 are formed by opening and closing the casing 6 which can be opened and closed. Any of them can be attached because they can be separated independently in the direction of the core. That is, the pulverizing member 10, the pulverizing member 20, and the pin milling pulverizing member 30, which are different in the pulverizing method depending on the purpose and application, can be exchanged.

As described above, in the pulverizer A, the particle size of the powder can be adjusted by the number of rotations of the rotating shaft 7, and the number of rotations of the rotating shaft 7 is not particularly limited. sec is good.

As described above, among the members constituting the pulverizing members of the respective methods, the rotor 17 having the rotor 17 and the blade 18a is a common member in the pulverizing members of the respective methods, and the shape and the number of the blades 18a are as follows. There is no particular limitation.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 5, and 7, in this crushing apparatus A, when any of the crushing members is mounted, the rotor with the blade provided with the rotor 17 and the blade portion 18a among the members constituting the crushing member. All members except 18 have the same total thickness.

In the crusher A of this embodiment, the rotating shaft 7 is directly connected to a motor (not shown), but is not limited to this. A pulley is fixed to the shaft end of the rotating shaft 7 and the pulley and the belt are interposed. It may be connected to a motor.

In the crushing apparatus A of this embodiment, a cooling jacket in which cooling water is circulated for cooling heat generated by rotation may be provided outside the casing 4.

In the pulverizing apparatus A of this embodiment, the number of pulverizing members configured as described above is not particularly limited, and may be one or more. The number and combination of the solid raw materials may be appropriately selected according to the characteristics of the solid raw material, the target particle size of the powder, the production amount, the form of the solid raw material, and the like. When a plurality of pulverizing members are provided, it is preferable to connect them in series in the direction of the rotating shaft 7 and to interpose a spacer rotor between adjacent pulverizing members.

In the crushing apparatus A of this embodiment, the crushing members are replaced by opening the casing 6, respectively. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the casing 4 may be removed at the same time to further facilitate replacement of the crushing members. .

粉 砕 In the crushing apparatus A of this embodiment, the rotating shaft 7 is a horizontal axis, but is not limited to this, and may be a vertical axis with the casing 5 down and the casing 6 up.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which a pulverizing member is provided in a pulverizing chamber in the pulverizing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which a fine pulverizing type pulverizing member is separated in a direction of an axis of a rotating shaft in the pulverizing apparatus shown in FIG. Sectional drawing which shows the state which equipped the pulverizing chamber with the pulverization member of other examples in the pulverization apparatus of embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which a pulverizing member of another example is separated in a direction of an axis of a rotating shaft in the pulverizing apparatus shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which a crushing chamber is provided with a cutter mill-type crushing member in the crushing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which a cutter mill type pulverizing member is separated in a direction of an axis of a rotating shaft in the pulverizing apparatus shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state where a pin mill type pulverizing member is provided in a pulverizing chamber in the pulverizing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a state where the pin mill type pulverizing member is separated in the direction of the axis of the rotating shaft in the pulverizing apparatus shown in FIG.

Explanation of reference numerals

A crushing apparatus 1 crushing chamber 2 raw material supply section 3 powder discharge section 4 casing 5 casing 6 casing 7 rotating shaft 10 fine crushing type crushing member 11 stator 12 stator 13 stator 14 coarse crushing rotor 15 fine crushing rotor 16 rotor with blades 17 rotor 18 Rotor with blade 20 Cutter mill type crushing member 21 Stator 22 Stator 23 Stator 24 Rotor 25 Rotor 26 Rotor with blade 30 Pin mill type crushing member 31 Stator with pin 34 Rotor 35 Rotor with pin 36 Color

Claims (4)

A pulverizing apparatus comprising a raw material supply section, a powder discharge section, and a pulverizing chamber in the middle thereof, wherein a pulverizing member disposed inside the pulverizing chamber can be replaced with a pulverizing member having a different pulverizing method. One of the pulverizing member is a fine pulverizing type pulverizing member, a cutter mill type pulverizing member, and a pin mill type pulverizing member are disposed inside the pulverizing chamber, and can be replaced with at least one of other types of pulverizing members. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein All the members constituting the crushing member are arranged coaxially with the axis of the rotating shaft penetrating the crushing chamber, and can be separated independently in the direction of the axis of the rotating shaft. The crushing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the crushing device is used. At least a part of the casing constituting the crushing chamber is a lid that can be opened and closed, and the lid is on an extension of the axis of the rotating shaft, and the crushing member is replaced through an opening formed when the lid is opened. The crushing device according to claim 3, wherein the crushing is performed.

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