JP2004073545A - Perimeter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a perimeter with which even an unskillful inspecting engineer or a medical doctor easily and correctly measure a visual field, and also a plurality of subjects are efficiently inspected. <P>SOLUTION: This perimeter includes: a dome 1; a projector 2 for projecting a light spot onto the inner surface of the dome; an arm 3 for horizontally moving the projector so as to draw a semicircle on the opening surface of the dome; a first motor 10 for driving the arm; a second motor 11 for changing the projecting direction of the projector; a liquid crystal display 12 for displaying the light spot projected on the inner surface of the dome; and a monitor display 13 for observing the subjects. The rotations of the first and second motors are controlled by a computer program. The light spot projected onto the inner surface of the dome is moved to an arbitrary position on the inner surface of the dome. Besides, the perimeter includes an apparatus for controlling the illuminance of the light spot which is projected on the inner surface of the dome. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a perimeter for examining the visual field of the human eye, a perimeter capable of accurately measuring, recording and storing a subject's dynamic and / or static visual field without skill and with light labor. provide.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a so-called Goldman perimeter has long been used widely as a measuring device of a visual field which is an index of glaucoma and brain tumor. According to this perimeter, the dynamic / quantitative visual field of one or both eyes can be accurately measured, and the detection and progress of glaucoma can be ascertained, which is effectively used for the treatment of glaucoma. In addition, since the visual field changes even when a brain disorder occurs, the above-mentioned perimeter may detect the brain disorder at an early stage, and is used not only in ophthalmology but also in brain surgery as a powerful examination device. ing.
[0003]
As shown in FIG. 1 (front) and FIG. 2 (back), the Goldman perimeter includes a dome 1 having a hemispherical inner surface, and a different position from an arbitrary position A on the inner surface of the dome toward the center of the dome. B, a light projector 2 capable of scanning a light spot, an arm 3 for moving the light projector 2 horizontally so as to draw a semicircle in the opening surface of the dome, and a pantograph 4 for changing the light projection direction of the arm 3 and the light projector 2 (FIG. 2).
[0004]
Now, the subject fixes his / her face on the face setting table 5 provided in the dome, closes one of the eyes, and stares at the hole 6 provided in the center of the inner surface of the dome. In such a state, as shown in FIG. 2 showing the back side of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, an inspecting technician checks the direction of the face (line of sight) of the subject by using a telescope 7 provided on the back surface of the hole 6. When the user grips the handle 8 at the end of the pantograph 4 and moves it from the point A to the point B of the recording paper 9 formed in a similar shape to the inner surface of the dome 1, the action of the pantograph 4 corresponding to this movement is shown in FIG. Thus, the light spot projected from the projector 2 slowly moves from the point A to the point B on the inner surface of the dome.
[0005]
When the subject visually recognizes the light spot, the buzzer 24 held by the subject informs the inspection technician of the visual spot. The inspection technician records the visual recognition point B on the recording paper 9 using the recording device provided on the back side of the handle 8 at the visual recognition position. Such light spot scanning is repeated at many angles, and the visual field 22 of the subject as shown in FIG. 2 is recorded. Such a visual field measurement can be performed for each eye or both eyes. Such a measurement of the visual field is performed for 16 points of the recording paper shown in FIG. Since such operation itself is well known to those skilled in the art, further description will be omitted.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the measurement of the visual field by the perimeter as described above, it is essential that the pantograph 4 and the arm 3 be accurately grasped at a constant scanning speed while holding the handle 8 while grasping the state (line of sight) of the subject with the telescope 7. . For this reason, a laboratory technician who handles such a perimeter requires a high level of skill, and the technician is extremely tired and has a problem that the number of subjects that can be tested per day is limited. Nevertheless, the function has not been able to sufficiently contribute to the subject.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a perimeter capable of easily and accurately measuring a visual field, even for an unskilled laboratory technician or a doctor, and capable of efficiently testing a large number of subjects. It is to be.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above object is achieved by the present invention described below. That is, the present invention provides a dome 1 having a hemispherical inner surface, a projector 2 for projecting a light spot on the inner surface of the dome, and an arm for moving the projector 2 horizontally so that the opening surface of the dome 1 draws a semicircle. 3, a first motor 10 for driving the arm, a second motor 11 for changing the light projecting direction of the light projector 2, a liquid crystal display 12 for displaying a light spot projected on the inner surface of the dome, and a subject. The rotation of the first motor 10 and the rotation of the second motor 11 are controlled by a computer program, and the light spot projected on the inner surface of the dome can be adjusted to an arbitrary value on the inner surface of the dome. And a device for controlling the illuminance of the light spot projected on the inner surface of the dome.
[0008]
Further, the present invention provides a computer 14 that controls the rotation of the first motor 10 and the rotation of the second motor 11 corresponding to a position between a point at which the display 12 is touched and another point at which it is touched. The above-mentioned perimeter, in which the arm 3 and the projector 2 cooperate and are programmed to scan the light spot on the inner surface of the dome, and further have a device for controlling the size of the light spot projected on the inner surface of the dome. A perimeter as described above is provided.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings showing preferred embodiments. The perimeter of the present invention differs from the conventional Goldman perimeter shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in that, as shown by comparing FIGS. 2 and 3, first, an arm is used instead of the pantograph 4. 3 and the operation of the projector 2 are replaced with the operation of the first motor 10 and the second motor 11, and these motors 10 and 11 are cooperated under computer control to operate the arm 3 and the operation of the projector 2. The point is to perform.
[0010]
Second, in place of the recording paper 9 and the recording instrument provided at the tip of the handle 8 in the conventional perimeter, a liquid crystal display 12 for displaying light spots projected on the inner surface of the dome is used for display. That is, the light spots are automatically displayed, recorded, and stored.
[0011]
Third, in place of the telescope 7 in the conventional perimeter, a CCD display 18 'shown in FIG. 3 is installed in the hole 6 at the center of the dome shown in FIG. 13. There are various other minor changes, but the important changes are the above three points.
[0012]
Next, the operation of the perimeter of the present invention will be described. The surface (subject side) of the perimeter of the present invention has the same configuration as that shown in FIG. First, the subject's chin is put on the chin resting plate 15 of the face setting table 5 shown in FIG. 1, the head is fixed by the belt 16, and the setting table 5 is rotated by the rotation knob 19 to determine the position of the subject's eyes. Make it suitable. Then, the line of sight of the subject is concentrated on the central hole 6. In the prior art, the subject was observed by a telescope 7 behind the hole 6. In the present invention, a CCD camera 18 'is installed in the hole 6, and the subject's line of sight is observed on the liquid crystal monitor display 13. Therefore, it is very easy to observe the subject's gaze.
[0013]
While confirming on the monitor display 13 that the subject is located at the normal position, the perimeter is switched on. When the switch is turned on, the arm 3 horizontally turns around the shaft 17 at a constant speed behind the subject's occiput by the driving force of the first motor 10. This turning speed can be arbitrarily changed by changing the position of a speed changing lever of an operation panel (not shown).
[0014]
When the arm 3 is at the above position, the projector 2 changes its direction, and changes its direction toward the end A of the inner surface of the dome shown in FIG. Next, the arm 3 turns at a constant speed from the back of the subject's head toward the end of the dome 1. At this time, the projector 2 moves at a constant speed from the point A on the inner surface of the dome to the center of the inner surface of the dome in coordination with the movement of the arm 3. If the subject presses the button of the buzzer 24 when the subject visually recognizes the light spot, the light beam to the projector is cut off and the light spot disappears. This state is displayed corresponding to the liquid crystal display 12 shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the same multiplex circle as that of the recording paper 9 and the center passing line at an interval of 22.5 ° are displayed on the display 12 in advance. 4, point b 'is displayed so as to move in the direction of the arrow, and point b is displayed on the screen by a signal when the subject presses the buzzer. The number of center passage lines may be larger or smaller.
[0015]
When the dome 1 is considered to be a flat surface, the same operation as described above is performed at a predetermined angle as shown in FIG. 4, for example, in the order of arrows aa ′ and then arrows bb ′. Points a to p are plotted and displayed on the display screen, and these points are connected to display the subject's visual field 22 (dotted line display). Such data can be printed out, recorded with a chart number and the like on a computer, and can be read out as necessary. Further, such data is not limited to a single perimeter, but can be exchanged among a plurality of perimeters.
[0016]
The arm 3 as described above is turned around the axis 17 by the first motor 10 and is maintained at a constant turning speed during the inspection. However, if necessary, an arbitrary speed conversion mechanism on an operation panel (not shown) may be used. Can be changed to speed. On the other hand, the light projector 2 is provided near the lower end of the arm 3, and the light from the illumination light source 20 (FIG. 1) is sent to the light projector through the arm 3 by an optical fiber or the like, and the light is blocked by the signal of the subject pressing the buzzer. You. The illumination light source 20 also illuminates the inner surface of the dome so that the inner surface of the dome has a uniform brightness. The degree of the brightness and the adjustment of the illuminance of the light emitted from the light projector 2 are controlled by the operation on the touch panel 18. Thus, the brightness and the size of the light spot are controlled.
[0017]
The light projector 2 is connected such that the rotation of the second motor 11 is turned inside the upper part of the arm via the rotation shaft 21 and further transmitted to the light projector 2 near the lower end of the arm, thereby changing the light projection direction of the light projector. I have. The rotation speed of the second motor 11 for changing the light projection direction of the light projector 2 is, for example, such that the first motor 10 and the second motor 11 are projected and scanned in the directions of the arrows in FIG. 11 are controlled by a computer signal programmed to work together.
[0018]
In the present invention, in the perimeter of the present invention, for example, in the visual field measurement shown in FIG. 4, when the measured value seems suspicious due to the movement of the subject, for example, when the point b is suspicious, Can be confirmed by measuring again. In this case, when the user touches two points inside b ′ and b of the display 12, the field of view can be automatically re-measured between these two points to confirm. That is, the computer that controls the rotation of the first motor and the rotation of the second motor causes the arm 3 and the projector 2 to cooperate with each other between a point touched by the display and another point touched by the display. Then, it is possible to program the light spot on the inner surface of the dome 1 so as to scan the light spot.
[0019]
Further, in the present invention, there is provided a device for controlling the illuminance of a light spot projected on the inner surface of the dome. In this device, filters having various transmittances are installed in an optical path between the illumination light source 20 (FIG. 1) and the projector 2, for example, in the main body 25, and light from the light source is transmitted through one or a plurality of these filters. By doing so, the illuminance of the light spot projected from the projector 2 can be changed. For example, as shown by reference numeral 18 in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, the touch panel 18 is installed, and the illuminance can be automatically changed by touching the illuminance area displayed on the panel.
[0020]
When the illuminance is automatically changed, the filters having different transmittances are rotated by a small motor so as to be positioned in the optical path, and in accordance with a signal from the touch panel 18, the positions of the filters are controlled according to a computer program. May be changed or two or more filters may overlap to attenuate the illuminance from the light source. For example, in FIG. 5, the position of e-4 indicates the maximum illuminance (100%), the position of a-1 indicates the minimum illuminance (1.25%), and the illuminance between them is as shown in each column.
[0021]
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a device for controlling the size of a light spot projected on the inner surface of the dome. This device, light of the diaphragm mechanism (not shown) was placed in a light projector 2, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, it is possible to change the area of the light spot in the range of 1 / 4~64mm ^2. The light aperture mechanism may be manual or automatic. Preferably, a touch panel 18 is provided as shown in FIG. 5, and the diaphragm is automatically changed by touching the panel 18. When automatically changing the area of the light spot (the size of the light spot), the aperture mechanism may be driven by a small motor, and the aperture mechanism may be operated according to a computer program. For example, in FIG. 5, the size of the light spot is displayed in the lower column, and the size of the light spot is automatically changed by touching a necessary column.
[0022]
The method of measuring the field of view by changing the illuminance and size of the light spot as described above is the same as the measurement of the viewing angle, and by sequentially increasing or decreasing the illuminance or size of the light spot, By confirming and recording the position where the light spot is recognized, it is possible to measure the static visual field in addition to the dynamic visual field, which is difficult in the related art.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention as described above, even an unskilled laboratory technician or a physician can easily and accurately measure dynamic and static visual fields, and can efficiently test a large number of subjects. It is possible to provide a simple perimeter.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the front of a conventional perimeter.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a back surface of a conventional perimeter.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a back surface of a perimeter according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a screen of a display liquid crystal display.
FIG. 5 is a touch panel for controlling illuminance and size of a light spot.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Dome 2: Floodlight 3: Arm 4: Pantograph 5: Face mount 6: Hole 7: Telescope 8: Handle 9: Recording paper 10: First motor 11: Second motor 12: Liquid crystal display 13 for display: Monitor display 14: Computer 15: Chin support plate 16: Belt 17: Axis 18 ': CCD camera 18: Touch panel 19: Rotation knob 20: Illumination light source 21: Rotation axis 22: Field of view 23: Illuminometer 24: Buzzer 25: Main body

Claims (3)

A dome having a hemispherical inner surface, a projector for projecting a light spot on the inner surface of the dome, an arm for moving the projector horizontally so as to draw a semicircle on an opening surface of the dome, and a first driving the arm A first motor having a motor, a second motor for changing a light projecting direction of the light projector, a liquid crystal display for displaying a light spot projected on the inner surface of the dome, and a monitor display for observing a subject The rotation of the second motor and the rotation of the second motor are controlled by a computer program to move the light spot projected on the inner surface of the dome to an arbitrary position on the inner surface of the dome. A perimeter having a device for controlling the illuminance. A computer that controls the rotation of the first motor and the rotation of the second motor causes the arm and the projector to cooperate with each other between a point touched by the display and another point touched by the dome. The perimeter of claim 1, wherein the perimeter is programmed to scan a light spot on the inner surface. 2. The perimeter according to claim 1, further comprising a device for controlling the size of a light spot projected on the inner surface of the dome.

Images