JP2004065614A - Disinfecting method and device for production facility - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a disinfecting method and the device for a production facility for cultivation, horticulture, culture, reproduction, rearing, incubation and so forth. <P>SOLUTION: Plus ions and minus ions are discharged to the atmosphere by operating an ion generating element 10 provided on the side wall of a closed PVC house 20. Thus, spores of mold or bacillus are made inactive, and the adhesion of mold or bacillus to the wall of the PVC house 20 or the ground 30 can be suppressed. Therefore, the cultivation of the seedling 31 of flowering plants can be performed in an almost aseptic state, the propagation of diseases due to the adhesion of the spores of mold or bacillus can be effectively prevented from occurring, and the productivity can be increased. The spreading times of chemicals are reduced compared with conventional methods, and the spreading amount can be reduced as well, and operating costs can be reduced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for removing bacteria in production facilities such as cultivation, horticulture, aquaculture, breeding, breeding, and cultivation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, greenhouses, greenhouses, nursery facilities, mushroom cultivation facilities, and other horticulture facilities that cultivate agricultural crops in a substantially closed space have rapidly spread. Crops are produced in a wide range, including vegetables, flowers, fruits and fungi. Since these greenhouse horticulture are cultivated in a substantially closed space, it is possible to artificially adjust meteorological factors such as temperature, humidity, and watering, and have the advantage that crops can be harvested regardless of the season, unlike open-field cultivation.
[0003]
However, since the cultivation space is a substantially closed space, once a disease occurs, the disease spreads throughout the facility and there is a risk that the crop will be completely annihilated. As a method for controlling the disease, chemical spraying, gas sterilization, and the like are performed. Among these, chemical spraying requires pesticide-free cultivation or pesticide-free cultivation from the viewpoints of environmental pollution, health hazards to workers, and residues in foods. In gas sterilization, fluorine, chlorine, ozone, epoxide, etc. are generally used, but there is a risk of affecting plants and workers, so adjust the gas generation amount and gas concentration in the facility sufficiently. There is a drawback in that it requires time and effort to manage it.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
For example, the "Technical Report of Nagano Vegetable Flowering Test Station" published on the website concludes that "ozone gas is effective for sterilization of fungus mushroom cultivation facility inoculation rooms, etc." Process at night when nobody is present so that ozone gas is not sucked in. At least 5 hours after stopping the generation of ozone gas, do not enter the treated place until the ozone concentration drops to 0.1 ppm or less. " (“Agricultural technology that is expected to be widely spread”, Chapter 1, section (3) e), [online], March 24, 2000, Kasahara Industry Co., Ltd. [Search on July 18, 2002], Internet <URL: http: // www. kasahara. com / kasahara / AB / ozon / siken. htm>).
[0005]
This report examines the changes in ozone gas concentration when the residual ozone in the room is naturally decomposed after the ozone gas treatment and when the air is ventilated and forcedly exhausted. The results shown in FIG. 11 are reported. After stopping the generation of ozone gas after the ozone gas concentration in the room reaches 1 ppm, the time required for halving to 0.5 ppm is 74 minutes for spontaneous decomposition and 20 minutes for forced evacuation, which is 0.1 ppm. It takes 315 minutes for natural decomposition and 70 minutes for forced exhaust.
[0006]
Therefore, in the environmental purification using ozone gas, there is a problem in that the time zone of the treatment is limited to nighttime when workers do not enter and leave the room immediately after the treatment, so that the degree of freedom of agricultural work is limited.
[0007]
In addition, the report states that "if the humidity in the room where ozone gas is treated falls below 50%, the disinfection effect decreases."("Agricultural technology that is expected to be widely used", Chapter 1, section (3) K) Dan, [online], March 24, 2000, Kasahara Kogyo Co., Ltd., [searched on July 18, 2002], Internet <URL: http: // www. kasahara. com / kasahara / AB / ozon / siken. htm>).
[0008]
Therefore, environmental purification using ozone gas is suitable for facilities maintained at high humidity, such as fungal mushroom inoculation rooms. However, greenhouses for flower cultivation, cultivation of fish and shellfish, breeding of pets, and livestock breeding facilities In such cases, the room humidity is not always kept at 50% or more, and there is a problem that the versatility is poor.
[0009]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-186364 discloses a sterilizing apparatus utilizing a photocatalytic reaction as a means for removing floating bacteria in the air together with an air stirring device in a horticultural facility, in order to control the disease of the horticultural crops. It has been proposed that the photocatalyst be installed in the vicinity of the crop in order to bring the photocatalyst into sufficient contact with the air, which limits the degree of freedom of agricultural work and increases crop cultivation. The area is reduced and the yield is reduced. Also, as the size of the horticultural facility increases, the equipment cost increases. Furthermore, since the light source for exciting the photocatalyst must be constantly turned on, there is a problem that running costs are also increased.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a production facility that releases positive and negative ions into a closed production facility, inactivates airborne microorganisms in the air, and controls the spread of diseases to horticultural crops and the like. Of the present invention is proposed. Here, "inactivation" refers to actively acting on molds and fungi to suppress their activities, and in a broad sense also includes "disinfection" and "bactericidal".
[0011]
There are thousands of pathogens that cause disease on plants, among which filamentous fungi float in the air as spores and spread the disease on plants in the facility. Diseases caused by the floating bacteria include downy mildew derived from the family Parasporaceae, powdery mildew of the family Erysiphaaceae, gray mold of the genus Botrytis, anthracnose of the genus Colletotrichum, scab of the family Ustylaginaceae, and scab of Ventilia And rust of the Uredinales. In each case, spores suspended in the air are transmitted and attached to other plants to spread the disease, so positive ions and negative ions are released into the facility, and the disease is controlled by disinfecting the air. Can be.
[0012]
FIG. 12 shows the result of a removal test of Cladosporium (black mold) floating in the air by positive ions and negative ions. Cladosporium is a microorganism classified as a fungus such as a mushroom. In the test, a 13.5 m ³ closed container was kept at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a humidity of 42%, and after filling a certain number of live cladosporium spores in the closed container, positive ions and negative ions were supplied. It was done by doing. The graph of FIG. 12 shows the change in the number of Cladosporium traced by an air sampler. The ion delivery conditions in this test were as follows: the air flow was 4 m ³ / min, and the positive and negative ion concentrations were about 40,000 ions / cm ³ at a position 10 cm away from the outlet of the ion blower. Further, when the concentration of positive and negative ions was measured at the center of the target space in the test of FIG. 12, the positive and negative ion concentrations were about 2,000 ions / cm ³ respectively. As the measurement conditions of the ions, the accelerating voltage of the ion counter is adjusted, and those having a mobility of 1 cm ² / V · s or more are selectively measured and quantified.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 12, the number of Cladosporium remaining due to the supply of ions decreases with time, and the Cladosporium can be almost completely eliminated in about 4 hours after the supply is started. Therefore, spores of filamentous fungi such as molds (eg, baker's yeast, red bread mold, blue mold, koji mold, and water mold) that live in various environments represented by Cladosporium are included in the positive and negative ions. It was confirmed that it was inactivated in the air and had an effect of suppressing its reproduction. The appropriate ion generation conditions for obtaining this effect are not limited to the above, and the ion concentration can be freely changed according to the bacterial species and the desired cleanliness conditions.
[0014]
FIG. 13 shows the results of a test for removing Escherichia coli floating in the air by positive ions and negative ions. Escherichia coli is classified as a bacterium to which the most primitive Bacillus belongs among microorganisms. The test was performed by maintaining a closed vessel having a volume of 36 m ^{3 at} a temperature of 25 ° C. and a humidity of 42%, and floating a certain number of living E. coli in this vessel, and then supplying positive ions and negative ions into the vessel. Done. The test results shown in FIG. 13 are obtained by tracking changes in the number of E. coli with an air sampler. The test in FIG. 13 is also set to have the same ion generation conditions as in FIG. 12, the air volume is 4 m ³ / min, and the ion concentration is 40,000 at a position 10 cm away from the outlet of the ion blower. Pieces / cm ³ . Since the size of the space is different between FIG. 13 and FIG. 12, by slightly adjusting the direction of the wind and the like, the concentration of positive and negative ions at the center of the target space in the test of FIG. / Cm ³ .
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 13, the number of Escherichia coli remaining due to the supply of ions decreases with time, and Escherichia coli can be almost completely eliminated in about 6 hours after the supply is started. Therefore, it is considered that the positive ion and the negative ion have an effect of inactivating various bacteria represented by Escherichia coli (eg, Salmonella, pathogenic Escherichia coli O157, etc.) in the air, and suppressing their growth. Among these bacteria, there are pathogenic bacteria that cause food poisoning. For example, by providing an ion generating element in a refrigerator, prevention of food poisoning due to contamination of food with pathogenic bacteria floating in the air can be expected.
[0016]
In the tests shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, by applying an AC high voltage between the electrodes, oxygen or water in the air was ionized by receiving energy by ionization, and H ⁺ (H ₂ O) _m ( m is an arbitrary natural number) and O ₂ ⁻ (H ₂ O) _n (n is an arbitrary natural number) emits ions mainly. These H ⁺ (H ₂ O) _m and O ₂ ⁻ (H ₂ O) _n adhere to the surface of the floating bacteria and chemically react to generate H ₂ O ₂ or .OH, which is an active species. Since H ₂ O ₂ or OH exhibits extremely strong activity, they can surround and inactivate airborne bacteria in the air. Here, .OH is one of the active species, and indicates OH of a radical.
[0017]
Positive and negative ions undergo a chemical reaction on the cell surface of the floating bacteria as shown by the formulas (1) to (3), and generate hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂ ) or a hydroxyl radical (.OH) as an active species. I do. Here, in Expressions (1) to (3), m, m ', n, and n' are arbitrary natural numbers. Thereby, the suspended bacteria are destroyed by the decomposing action of the active species. Therefore, airborne bacteria in the air can be inactivated and removed efficiently.
_{^{H + (H 2 O) m}} + O 2 - (H 2 O) n → · OH + 1 / 2O 2 + (m + n) H 2 O ··· (1)
_{^{H + (H 2 O) m}} + H + (H 2 O) m '+ O 2 - (H 2 O) n + O 2 - (H 2 O) n' → 2 · OH + O 2 + (m + m '+ n + n') H 2 O ... (2)
_{^{H + (H 2 O) m}} + H + (H 2 O) m '+ O 2 - (H 2 O) n + O 2 - (H 2 O) n' → H 2 O 2 + O 2 + (m + m '+ n + n') H ₂ O (3)
[0018]
In addition, since the above formulas (1) to (3) can produce the same action on the surface of a harmful substance in the air, hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂ ), which is an active species, or a hydroxyl radical (. OH) can substantially detoxify chemical substances such as formaldehyde and ammonia by oxidizing or decomposing them into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen.
[0019]
In addition, positive ions and negative ions have a function of inactivating viruses such as influenza virus and coxsackie virus, and can prevent contamination due to contamination of these viruses.
[0020]
In addition, it has been confirmed that positive ions and negative ions have a function of decomposing molecules that cause odor, and can be used for deodorizing a space.
[0021]
If this technique is used during cultivation of flowers in horticultural facilities, it is possible to inactivate the mold and fungi in the atmosphere and keep the number of suspended bacteria below a certain level. Positive and negative ions have a small effect of inactivating molds and fungi attached to the walls and soil of horticultural facilities, but by suppressing the number of floating bacteria in this way, it is also possible to suppress the adhesion of molds and fungi to the growing flowers. Can control the spread of disease.
[0022]
However, unlike ordinary home rooms, horticultural facilities have a large area, a large height and a large volume, and the positive and negative ions have a short lifetime of only a few seconds. Requires various contrivances. For example, in order to ensure a desired ion concentration, hardware aspects such as the number and location of ion generators installed, control of environmental conditions of horticultural facilities such as ion quantity, temperature, and humidity, operation control of ion generators, etc. The point is to make the content in consideration of the software aspect.
[0023]
Similarly, by releasing positive and negative ions in production facilities such as fungal mushroom inoculation and culture, cultivation of fish and shellfish, breeding of pets, breeding of livestock, the atmosphere is sterilized, and the spread of disease and disease Infection can be controlled.
[0024]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a closed greenhouse 20 for cultivating flowers. The environment in the glass house or the plastic greenhouse 20 is adjusted by an air conditioner (not shown), and is controlled to a temperature and humidity suitable for growing the seedlings 31 of the flowers grown on the soil 30.
[0025]
The greenhouse 20 is assembled by stretching vinyl on a skeleton of a metal pipe, and the ion generator 10 is installed on one of the side walls (side wall 21) surrounding the soil 30. In addition, a door 23 is provided on the side wall 21 for a worker 33 to enter and exit, to carry in fertilizers and seedlings, and to carry out crops. On the side wall 22 facing the side wall 21, a temperature sensor 41 for detecting the temperature in the vinyl house 20, an ion counter 42 for measuring the number of positive ions and negative ions, an odor sensor 43 for detecting the intensity of the odor, and a vinyl A humidity sensor 44 for detecting the humidity in the house 20 is provided. The installation place of the ion counter 42 is not limited to the position shown in the figure, and may be any point where the number of ions is averaged and measured.
[0026]
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the ion generator 10. The ion generator 10 is covered by a housing 11 having a curved front surface. On the front surface of the housing 11, an inlet 12 is formed upward and an outlet 13 is formed downward. A ventilation passage is formed inside the housing 11, and a ventilation fan 14 and the ion generating element 1 are provided in the ventilation passage. When the blower fan 14 is driven, the air in the greenhouse 20 is sucked into the blower passage through the inlet 12 and is blown out from the outlet 13. Note that a filter may be provided in the ion generator 10 as in the related art. However, in that case, the ion generating element 1 is provided downstream of the filter.
[0027]
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the ion generating element 1. A rectangular opening is formed on the upper surface of the box-shaped main body 2, and a flat dielectric 3 is provided in this opening. The upper surface of the dielectric 3 coincides with the upper surface of the main body 2. A high-voltage pulse drive circuit 6 is housed below the inside of the main body 2. On the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric 3, a plate-like internal electrode 4 and a mesh-like external electrode 5 are arranged to face each other. The external electrode 5 is exposed from the upper surface of the main body 2 to the outside. A high-voltage pulse drive circuit 6 is connected to the internal electrode 4 and the external electrode 5 via a lead wire 7. When the high-voltage pulse drive circuit 6 is driven, a high-voltage pulse composed of a positive voltage and a negative voltage is applied between the internal electrode 4 and the external electrode 5, and plasma discharge occurs. As a result, the air around the external electrode 5 is ionized, and substantially the same number of positive ions and negative ions are generated.
[0028]
When an AC high voltage is applied between the electrodes, oxygen or moisture in the air receives energy by ionization to ionize, and H ⁺ (H ₂ O) _m (m is an arbitrary natural number) and O ₂ ⁻ Ions mainly composed of (H ₂ O) _n (n is an arbitrary natural number) are generated and released into space by a fan or the like. These H ⁺ (H ₂ O) _m and O ₂ ⁻ (H ₂ O) _n adhere to the surface of the floating bacteria and chemically react to generate H ₂ O ₂ or .OH, which is an active species. Since H ₂ O ₂ or OH exhibits extremely strong activity, they can surround and inactivate airborne bacteria in the air. Here, .OH is one of the active species, and indicates OH of a radical.
[0029]
Positive and negative ions undergo a chemical reaction on the cell surface of the suspended bacteria as shown in formulas (4) to (6) to generate hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂ ) or a hydroxyl radical (.OH) as an active species. I do. Here, in Expressions (4) to (6), m, m ', n, and n' are arbitrary natural numbers. Thereby, the suspended bacteria are destroyed by the decomposing action of the active species. Therefore, airborne bacteria in the air can be efficiently inactivated and removed.
_{^{H + (H 2 O) m}} + O 2 - (H 2 O) n → · OH + 1 / 2O 2 + (m + n) H 2 O ··· (4)
_{^{H + (H 2 O) m}} + H + (H 2 O) m '+ O 2 - (H 2 O) n + O 2 - (H 2 O) n' → 2 · OH + O 2 + (m + m '+ n + n') H 2 O ... (5)
_{^{H + (H 2 O) m}} + H + (H 2 O) m '+ O 2 - (H 2 O) n + O 2 - (H 2 O) n' → H 2 O 2 + O 2 + (m + m '+ n + n') H ₂ O (6)
[0030]
By the above mechanism, the effect of inactivating floating bacteria and the like can be obtained by releasing the positive and negative ions.
[0031]
In addition, since the above formulas (4) to (6) can produce the same action on the surface of harmful substances in the air, hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂ ), which is an active species, or a hydroxyl radical (. OH) oxidizes or decomposes harmful substances and transforms chemical substances such as formaldehyde and ammonia into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen, thereby making them substantially harmless.
[0032]
Therefore, by driving the blower fan 14, the positive ions and the negative ions generated by the ion generating element 1 can be sent out into the greenhouse 20. Then, by the action of these positive ions and negative ions, molds and fungi in the atmosphere of the greenhouse 20 can be inactivated, and their growth can be suppressed.
[0033]
FIG. 7 shows that the number of bacteria in the atmosphere of the greenhouse 20 can be suppressed to a certain level or less by the above configuration. Positive ions and negative ions have a small effect of inactivating molds and bacteria attached to the walls of the greenhouse 20 and the soil 30, and have little effect on suppressing the growth of the attached bacteria. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress mold and bacteria from adhering to the wall of the greenhouse 20 and the soil 30, and to reduce the number of accumulated bacteria over time. Thereby, the adhesion of molds and fungi to the cultivated flowers can be suppressed, and thus the spread of the disease can be controlled.
[0034]
Also, unlike ozone gas, positive ions and negative ions are harmless to humans, so that the worker 33 can perform agricultural work in the greenhouse 20 even during generation of ions. Therefore, environmental purification using positive ions and negative ions can be performed at any time and does not impair workability.
[0035]
When only one ion generator 10 is installed on the side wall 21 of the greenhouse 20 as shown in FIG. 1, in order to quickly and sufficiently supply a sufficient amount of positive ions and negative ions to the entire greenhouse 20, It is desirable to use the ion generating element 1 for generating a large amount of ions and the blower fan 14 having a large air volume and / or wind speed, and to install the ion generating device 10 at a position as high as possible on the side wall 21 or at the ceiling.
[0036]
As described above, the effect can be expected by only one ion generator 10, but considering that the greenhouse 20 is a space having a large area and a relatively large space with a large height, the number of installed ion generators 10 is two. It is better to have more than one. FIG. 4 shows, as an example, a case where the ion generators 10A and 10B are installed on the opposing side walls 21 and 22 of the greenhouse 20, respectively. Thus, by arranging the two ion generators 10A and 10B equally spaced apart, the circulation of air is improved, and the place where the air is stagnant, for example, between the flower seedlings 31 and so on, is also a greenhouse. Positive ions and negative ions can be sent out more uniformly over the entire 20.
[0037]
In addition, the installation location of the ion generator 10 is not limited to the side wall 21 of the greenhouse 20, and the ion generator 10 may be installed on the ceiling 24. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5, the installation table 34 may be placed on the soil 30 to fix the ion generator 10. According to this, molds and fungi contained in the air around the soil 30 can be efficiently inactivated. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, if the ion generator 10 </ b> C is also installed on the side wall 21 of the greenhouse 20, ions can be uniformly supplied to the entire greenhouse 20, so that the mold adhered to the flower seedlings 31. And bacteria can be further reduced.
[0038]
Next, the control of the environmental conditions of the greenhouse 20 and the operation control of the ion generator 10 will be described by taking the case of FIG. 1 as an example. FIG. 8 is a control block diagram of the ion generator 10 in the greenhouse 20 of FIG. The ion generator 10 is provided with electric components such as a drive circuit inside the housing 11. The drive circuit includes a control unit 15 including a microcomputer that controls the operation state of the ion generator 10 and the air conditioner 46. The temperature sensor 41, the ion counter 42, the odor sensor 43, and the humidity sensor 44 provided on the side wall 22 of the greenhouse 20 are connected to the control unit 15, and output the detection results to the control unit 15. Further, a setting unit 45 for setting environmental conditions such as the size, temperature, and humidity of the greenhouse 20 is connected to the control unit 15.
[0039]
The control unit 15 controls the high-voltage pulse drive circuit 6 of the ion generating element 1 based on the outputs of the ion counter 42 and the odor sensor 43, and controls the motor 16 of the blower fan 14. Further, the control unit 15 determines the timing of these controls by the timer 17.
[0040]
FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an example of control of environmental conditions of the greenhouse 20 and operation control of the ion generator 10. First, the air conditioner 46 is operated. The temperature and humidity of the atmosphere of the greenhouse 20 are detected as needed by the temperature sensor 41 and the humidity sensor 44 and input to the control unit 15. The control unit 15 controls the operation of the air conditioner 46 based on the input so that the atmosphere of the greenhouse 20 is controlled to an appropriate temperature and humidity.
[0041]
Then, the operation of the ion generator 10 is started, and positive ions and negative ions generated from the ion generating element 1 are released into the greenhouse 20 by the blower fan 14. The number of ions and the intensity of the odor in the atmosphere of the greenhouse 20 are detected by the ion counter 42 and the odor sensor 43 as needed, and input to the control unit 15. The controller 15 controls the amount of ions generated from the ion generator 10 based on the input so as to maintain the ion concentration in the atmosphere of the greenhouse 20 near the set value. Thereby, positive ions and negative ions having a short life can be uniformly supplied to the entire greenhouse 20 without waste. Since the activity of the positive and negative ions is affected by the humidity of the atmosphere, the control unit 15 controls the operation of the ion generator 10 based on the humidity detected by the humidity sensor 44 to adjust the ion concentration. .
[0042]
As described above, by controlling the operation of the ion generator 10 in accordance with the change in the environmental conditions, the atmosphere in the plastic greenhouse 20 is always maintained at the required ion concentration, and the airborne bacteria in the air can be inactivated. it can. Thereby, the cultivation of the flowers can be carried out in an almost aseptic state, and the spread of the disease caused by mold and fungal spores adhering to the flowers can be effectively controlled, and the productivity can be improved. The number of times of spraying the medicine can be reduced and the spraying amount can be reduced as compared with the related art, so that the cost can be reduced.
[0043]
Incidentally, in facility horticulture, it is considered that required environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity vary depending on the growing season of the crop. Therefore, the environmental conditions such as the size, temperature, and humidity of the greenhouse 20 are set in advance by the setting unit 45, and the operation of the air conditioner 46 and the ion generating element 10 is controlled by the control unit 15 so that the temperature of the greenhouse 20 atmosphere is controlled. , Humidity and ion concentration may be automatically controlled.
[0044]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the cultivation of fungal mushrooms, pest control is a very important matter, and as a control method, chemical spraying has been the mainstream so far. However, due to the enlargement of facilities today, it cannot be denied that environmental purification is incomplete with drugs alone. In particular, the size of the inoculation room has been increased due to the expansion of the scale, and environmental purification has become difficult. In addition, the amount of corncob-based medium is increased, and dust such as corncob is a factor that causes an increase in bacterial contamination. For this reason, environmental purification is a major issue in achieving stable production.
[0045]
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fungus mushroom inoculation chamber 50 according to the present embodiment. In the inoculation room 50, an inoculation device 51 is arranged on a floor surface 52. The ion generator 10 having the same configuration as described above is provided on the side wall of the inoculation room 50, and a door 64 for the worker 33 to enter and exit is provided. By driving the ion generator 10 in this state, positive ions and negative ions can be supplied into the inoculation chamber 50 to inactivate mold and bacteria in the atmosphere. Thereby, inoculation can be carried out in a nearly sterile state, disease can be effectively controlled, and the productivity of fungi can be improved.
[0046]
Although not shown, the ion generator 10 is provided inside the inoculation device 51 so that positive ions and negative ions are supplied to the air around the inoculation device 51 so as to thoroughly inactivate floating molds and bacteria. Even so, a similar effect can be obtained.
[0047]
As described above, horticultural facilities and fungus mushroom cultivation facilities have been described as examples. However, the present invention can also be applied to fungal mushroom cultivation, cultivation of fish and shellfish, breeding of pets, and breeding facilities of livestock, and does not remove floating microorganisms in the atmosphere. It can be activated to control diseases and diseases.
[0048]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, by releasing positive ions and negative ions into the atmosphere of a closed horticultural facility, it inactivates mold and fungal spores and suppresses the adhesion of mold and fungi to the walls and soil of the horticultural facility. Can be. Thereby, the cultivation of the flowers can be carried out in an almost aseptic state, and the spread of the disease caused by mold and fungal spores adhering to the flowers can be effectively controlled, and the productivity can be improved. In addition, the number of times and amount of application of the medicine can be reduced as compared with the related art, and the cost can be reduced.
[0049]
Also, unlike ozone gas, positive ions and negative ions are harmless to humans, so that workers can perform agricultural work in horticultural facilities even during generation of ions. Therefore, environmental purification using positive ions and negative ions can be performed at any time and does not impair workability.
[0050]
In addition, by providing the same configuration for fungal mushroom inoculation and culture, cultivation of fish and shellfish, breeding of pets, breeding facilities for livestock, positive and negative ions are released not only in horticultural facilities but also in various production facilities This makes it possible to inactivate airborne microorganisms in the atmosphere and to control the spread of disease or infection.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a greenhouse for cultivating flowers, showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the ion generator.
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an ion generating element mounted on the ion generating device.
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of another example of the greenhouse.
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of another example of the greenhouse.
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of another example of the greenhouse.
FIG. 7 shows a cycle from the start of operation of the production line in the greenhouse to the disinfection of the room of the production facility, and shows the relationship between time and the number of suspended bacteria.
FIG. 8 is a control block diagram of the ion generator.
FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an example of control of environmental conditions of the greenhouse and operation control of the ion generator.
FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a fungus mushroom inoculation chamber showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a graph showing changes in ozone gas concentration when the residual ozone in the room is naturally decomposed and when the air is ventilated and forcedly exhausted.
FIG. 12 is a graph showing the results of a removal test of floating fungi (cladosporium) using positive ions and negative ions.
FIG. 13 is a graph showing the results of a test of removing suspended bacteria (Escherichia coli) using positive ions and negative ions.
[Explanation of symbols]
10, 10A, 10B, 10C Ion generator 20 Plastic house 30 Soil 31 Flower seedling 33 Worker 41 Temperature sensor 42 Ion counter 43 Odor sensor 44 Humidity sensor 50 Inoculation room

Claims (5)

A method for disinfecting a production facility, wherein positive and negative ions are emitted into a closed production facility to inactivate suspended microorganisms in the air. A sterilization apparatus for a production facility, comprising: an ion releasing means for releasing positive and negative ions for inactivating floating microorganisms in the air in a closed production facility. A horticultural facility in which a chemical is sprayed for disease control on a regular or irregular basis, a positive or negative ion is emitted from an ion generator to inactivate suspended microorganisms present in the horticultural facility. Disinfection device. A method for disinfecting a production facility, wherein positive and negative ions are emitted from an ion generator to inactivate suspended microorganisms present in the fungus mushroom cultivation, livestock breeding or fish and shellfish cultivation facility. . A bacteria elimination device for a production facility, wherein positive and negative ions are emitted from an ion generator to inactivate floating microorganisms present in the fungus mushroom cultivation, livestock breeding or fish and shellfish cultivation facility. .

Images