JP2004052473A - Roof backing material - Google Patents

Roof backing material Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004052473A
JP2004052473A JP2002214523A JP2002214523A JP2004052473A JP 2004052473 A JP2004052473 A JP 2004052473A JP 2002214523 A JP2002214523 A JP 2002214523A JP 2002214523 A JP2002214523 A JP 2002214523A JP 2004052473 A JP2004052473 A JP 2004052473A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
nonwoven fabric
base material
permeable waterproof
water
waterproof sheet
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JP2002214523A
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JP4012443B2 (en
Inventor
Seiichi Amano
天野 整一
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DuPont Asahi Flash Spun Products Co Ltd
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DuPont Asahi Flash Spun Products Co Ltd
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  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To impart an excellent sliding prevention property without damaging the superior waterproofness of a permeable waterproof sheet, nail-hole cutoff properties and vapor permeability. <P>SOLUTION: A roof backing material has the permeable waterproof sheet having nail-hole cutoff properties, a nonwoven fabric, in which a nonslip function is given to a surface and which has a friction coefficient on the surface of 0.4 or more and a water repellency of 2 or less, and an adhesive layer for unifying and compounding these permeable waterproof sheet and nonwoven fabric between the permeable waterproof sheet and the nonwoven fabric. Vapor permeability is set to 1,000 g/m<SP>2</SP>/24 hr or more. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は建築材料の屋根下地材に関連し、透湿性、防水性、釘穴での止水性(釘穴止水性)、および施工時の滑り防止性を有する屋根下地材に関する。特に本発明は、不織布と透湿防水シート複合体の屋根下地材に関連する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般の家屋等の勾配屋根は、瓦、スレート、および金属等の上ぶき材でふきあげられている。これらの上ぶき材を野地板の上面に施工する場合には、例えば現在主流であるアスファルトルーフィング、または合成高分子系シート等の、上ぶき材の施工に先立って野地板表面に防水機能を付与することを主目的とする下ぶき材を敷設することが一般的に行われている。
【0003】
防水性、透湿性、さらには釘穴止水性を向上させた屋根下地材については種々の提案がなされている。特に針穴止水性または防滑性については、例えば、実公平7−28282号公報には、合成繊維不織布に吸水性樹脂を分散させた非吸水性熱可塑性樹脂を積層し、その表面に撥水性を付与した透湿防水屋根下地材が提案されている。また、日本国特許第2656813号にはポリオレフィン不織布の表面に10〜80%の滑り止めを施したシート、特開2001−232710号公報には滑り抵抗係数0.1以上、撥水度が60点以上(旧JISL1092による測定)の滑り止め層、透湿防水水密層、保護層の3層構造体の技術が開示されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、これらの方法では、屋根下地材表面が乾燥している状態での施工性は確保できるが、露または雨水が付着するなどして屋根下地材表面が濡れた状態になると、その表面での摩擦抵抗が低下するばかりか、水膜を作るために、施工時の作業者が着用した靴底のゴムとの間で滑りやすくなり、安全が確保できない問題がある。
【0005】
特に、特開2001−232710号公報に記載されている屋根下地材表面での撥水度が高い構造体の場合は、一部の水は表面を流れ落ちるが、その他の水は水滴状となって表面に留まることとなる。このような状態になると摩擦抵抗の低下が大きくなるとともに、乾きにくくなり、長時間濡れた状態が続くこととなる。一般的に、作業者は雨天時や屋根下地材が濡れた状態では作業しないため、相対的に長期間にわたって屋根下地材が濡れた状態が続く場合は、施工上問題がある。
【0006】
そこで、本発明者は、上記課題について種々の検討を行った結果、特定の撥水性と防滑性を有する不織布を、透湿防水シートの透湿性を殆ど低下せしめないように、釘穴止水性を有する透湿防水シートの少なくとも片面に一体複合化することにより、該透湿防水シートの優れた防水性、釘穴止水性、透湿性を損なうことなく優れた防滑性を与えることを可能とした屋根下地材を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために本発明者らは鋭意検討し、本発明の完成に至った。
【0008】
すなわち、本願の発明に従う屋根下地材は、釘穴止水性を有する透湿防水シートと、表面に防滑機能を施し、それぞれ後述の試験法による該面における摩擦係数が0.4以上で、撥水度が2以下である不織布と、前記透湿防水シートおよび前記不織布の間にあって、これらを一体複合化するための接着層とを具備し、透湿性が1000g/m/24hr以上である屋根下地材である。さらに、好ましくは、前述の不織布は、厚み0.1mm以上、空隙率が70%以上であり、スパンボンド法による合成繊維不織布であることを特徴とする。また、前記透湿防水シートは、ポリオレフィン樹脂を使用するフラッシュ紡糸法による不織布であることを特徴とする。ここで、該屋根下地材に使用する透湿防水シートは、ポリオレフィン樹脂を使用したフラッシュ紡糸法による不織布であることが好ましい。
【0009】
このように、フラッシュ紡糸不織布等の釘穴止水性を有する透湿防水シートに、特定の撥水度と防滑性を有する不織布を、透湿性を低下させずに一体複合化させた屋根下地材は、施工時の滑り防止性、防水性、透湿性および釘穴止水性を具備し、特に濡れた際の滑り防止性に優れ、さらに表面が乾きやすい特長も有する。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について説明する。
【0011】
本発明の屋根下地材は、釘穴止水性を有する透湿防水シートと、表面に防滑機能を有する不織布とからなり、前記透湿防水シートと前記不織布との間にある接着層によって一体複合化された構造を有する。
【0012】
以下各構成部分について説明する。
【0013】
第1に、釘穴止水性を有する透湿防水シートについて説明する。
本発明の屋根下地材に用いられる釘穴止水性を有する透湿防水シートとは、それぞれ後述の測定法により、耐水度が50cm以上、好ましくは100cm以上、透湿性が少なくとも1000g/m/24hr以上、好ましくは2000g/m/24hr以上であり、かつ、釘穴止水性試験の合格率が80%以上、好ましくは90%以上の物性を有するシートを示す。
【0014】
このような物性の釘穴止水性を有する透湿防水シートは、材質および製法により特に限定されないが、ポリオレフィン樹脂を使用したフラッシュ紡糸法による不織布を使用することが好ましい。例としては、好ましくは旭・デュポンフラッシュスパンプロダクツから市販されている「タイベック(登録商標)」であり、さらに好ましくは特開平8−209867号公報に開示されている釘穴止水性の高い不織布である。上記の不織布は、透湿性、防水性および釘穴止水性に優れるだけでなく、単体でも優れた物理強度を有し、経年変化が起こりにくく耐久性に優れている。
【0015】
この他に釘穴止水性を有する透湿防水シートとして使用可能なものは、特開2001−232710号公報に開示されている微多孔質ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ビニールアルコール、ポリウレタン系から選ばれる少なくとも1種の熱可塑性エラストマーの合成樹脂フィルムである。これらを使用する場合は、厚みが50〜300μm、ヤング率が1〜30kg/mmからなるシート状のものを用いることができる。さらに釘穴止水性を向上させる場合は、ポリアクリル酸塩系あるいはマレイン酸塩系等の公知の高吸水性ポリマー、ブチルゴム、スチレン−ブタジエンゴム等のゴム系樹脂等を表面に塗布または含浸したシート等を用いることができる。あるいはまた、撥水性や防水性を高める場合には、フッ素系、シリコン系やワックス系の薬剤を不織布や合成紙等の表面に塗布または含浸したシート等を用いることができる。さらに積層体として、公知の不織布、合成紙、微多孔質フィルム、透湿ゴムシート等を適当な接着剤で一体複合化したシート、またはその間に前述の高吸水ポリマーや高吸水性ポリマーを保持したシートを挟んで一体複合化した積層シート等を用いることも可能である。
【0016】
第2に表面に防滑性を有する不織布について説明する。
【0017】
本発明に使用される表面に防滑性を有する不織布は、施工時に作業者が歩行するため、歩行面となるシート表面上の摩擦係数が0.4以上、好ましくは0.5以上であることが好ましい。さらに歩行時に滑りにくくするためには、該不織布にクッション性を付加する必要があり、厚みは0.1mm以上、好ましくは0.2mm以上であり、その空隙率は70%以上が好ましい。そして作業者が歩行するということは、靴底で擦られても損傷が生じにくい不織布を選定する必要がある。撥水性の条件としては、雨水や露による湿潤時に水膜ができないためには、撥水度が2以下であることが好ましい。防水性の観点からは、不織布面を水が通過しないことが好ましい。
【0018】
以上の性能を有する不織布は、靴底で損傷を受けにくいスパンボンド法による合成繊維不織布が好ましく、水分を殆ど吸収しないポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリエステル、ポリアミドを主成分とする不織布が好ましい。これらの不織布の表面に防滑加工処理を施すことによって、本発明に使用される表面に防滑性を有する不織布を作製する。
【0019】
次にこれらの不織布の防滑加工方法を具体的に述べる。
【0020】
表面に防滑性を有する不織布は、前述の不織布に公知の防滑加工を施す方法、あるいは不織布を構成する成分に防滑性を発現する物質を添加する方法で製造される。例えば、防滑加工剤としてバインダーを用いて骨材、発泡材、各種粉体等を接着させる方法、または、防滑加工剤として熱溶融すると接着性を発揮するホットメルト剤等を、ドット状、あるいは筋状に接着させる方法等のいずれの方法も用いることが可能である。
【0021】
以下にバインダーを用いる防滑加工方法について説明する。
【0022】
該防滑加工方法に用いられる骨材としては、砂等の鉱物粒、発泡材としては、芯物質にn―ブタン、i−ブタン、ペンタン、ネオペンタンのような低沸点の炭化水素を内包し、塩化ビニリデン、アクリロニトリル、メチルメタクリレートのような(メタ)アクリル酸エステル、スチレンのような芳香族ビニル化合物を主成分とする熱可塑性樹脂の壁膜剤とした発泡性マイクロカプセル、粉体としては、合成樹脂粒、金属粉、ガラスビーズ、炭酸カルシウム、酸化チタン、プラスチックビーズ等を用いることが可能である。接着させるバインダーとしては、アクリル系、ウレタン系、スチレン・ブタジエン系、エチレン・酢酸ビニル系等を用いることが可能である。また、防滑加工方法としては、ナイフコーター、グラビアコーター、キスコーター、バーコーター等各種のコーティング方式や印刷方式が可能である。
【0023】
本発明に使用される不織布は繊維で構成されることで表面に充分な空隙が存在するため、用いる防滑加工剤や付着量を適宜選定することで、全面塗布しても透湿性を損なうことなく付与することができる。勿論ドット状や筋状に防滑加工剤を塗布することも可能である。
【0024】
次にホットメルト剤を用いる防滑加工方法について説明する。
【0025】
ホットメルト剤を用いて防滑加工する場合は、エチレン・酢酸ビニル系、ポリエステル系、ポリイミド系等の中で、その融点が不織布シートの融点以下であるホットメルト剤を用いて防滑加工を行う。具体的な方法は、パウダー状のホットメルト剤を散布、熱圧着する方法、ホットメルト剤を溶融、液状にしてドット状、ストライプ状にコーティングする方法等である。
【0026】
さらに、撥水度を2以下にするためには、親水性を示す界面活性剤を不織布全面に付与する必要がある。この場合には防滑加工で用いられる加工液と同時に付与することが好ましい。界面活性剤としては、撥水度が2以下になるいかなる界面活性剤を用いることができる。例えば防滑加工で用いる前記加工液に含ませた乳化剤、分散剤等の界面活性剤であっても良い。撥水度が2以下になれば、新たに親水剤等の界面活性剤を付着させる必要はない。
【0027】
また、歩行時に表面が傷ついたり破けにくくするために、表面強度を向上させるような公知の樹脂コーティングや含浸を施しても良い。表面強度はJIS−L0849摩擦に対する染色堅牢度(摩擦試験器2型の6.1(2)の条件で行い、JIS−L1096の6.17摩耗試験 c法(テーバー形法)による外観変化の判定)でA級が好ましい。
【0028】
次に表面に防滑性を有する不織布と透湿防水シートとの一体複合化について説明する。
【0029】
一体複合化は、表面に防滑性を有する不織布と釘穴止水性を有する透湿防水シートとの間に接着層を設けることにより行われる。該接着層には接着性樹脂が用いられる。釘穴止水性を有する透湿防水シートと表面に防滑性を有する不織布とを、防滑性を有する不織布の防滑性を有する表面が外側になるように接着させることにより一体複合化させる。
【0030】
用いられる接着性樹脂としては、種類においては溶剤系、エマルジョン系、ホットメルト系等特に限定されない。接着方法は、ドライラミネート法、ウェットラミネート法、ホットメルトを糸状にして吹き付けながら接着するカーテンスプレーやホットメルトパウダーを用いた熱ラミネート等公知の接着方法が用いられる。JIS−Z0208による180度剥離による接着強度が1.0N/cm以上になることが好ましく、さらに上記接着性樹脂により透湿が低下しないように、接着面積を実質的に50%以下にすることが好ましい。
【0031】
本発明の屋根下地材は、上記に述べたような材料および方法等により得ることができる。該屋根下地材は、防滑不織布面の摩擦抵抗が0.4以上、撥水度が50以下となる。その透湿性は1000g/m/24hr以上であり、好ましくは3000g/m/24hr以上(JIS A6111規定の透湿抵抗 約0.19m・s・Pa/μg以下)である。防水性については、耐水度が50cm(約5kpa)以上であり、釘穴止水性の合格率は80%以上である。
【0032】
本発明の屋根下地材は、野地板材に接触する釘穴止水性を有する透湿防水シートの裏面にも各種防滑処理を施すことが好ましい。この裏面の防滑加工は、屋根下地材と野地板との滑りを抑制することにより施工時に作業する人が滑りにくくするだけでなく、屋根下地材を固定しているつづら針及び釘部分での破れや穴の拡大を抑制する。この裏面の防滑処理は、本発明の防滑性を有する不織布を裏面に張り合わせる方法のみならず、前述の不織布への防滑加工手段等各種の方法を、直接釘穴止水性を有する透湿防水シートの裏面に用いることが可能である。さらに本発明の屋根下地材は、耐久性、耐候性および防水性を高める処理等の公知の処理(例えば、本願と同じ出願人による特開平10−280623号公報を参照)を施しても良い。
【0033】
また、施工時に目がくらまないように着色すること、および敷設される屋根下地材の重なり部分、つづら針の打ち込み場所や施工時の方法等を印刷または色づけすることが好ましい。
【0034】
(実施例)
以下に、実施例により本発明を詳述するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0035】
実施例における屋根下地材の各物性は次の方法で測定した。
【0036】
(1)透湿性
JIS−L−1099透湿度試験方法A−1法(塩化カルシウム法)に基づき、n=5で測定し、その平均(g/m/24hr)で表す。
【0037】
(2)撥水度
JIS−L−1092(1998) 防水性試験方法6.2撥水度試験(スプレー試験)によって評価する。
この方法は、45度に傾斜した試料にシャワー状に水を散布し、水の付着状態を観察する試験である。本発明で規定した撥水度2以下とは、水滴状がなく、半分以上の面積で見かけ上、湿潤した状態になっていることを示す。
【0038】
(3)防水性(耐水度)
JIS−L−1092(1998) 防水性試験方法4.(1)耐水度試験A法(静水圧法)によって測定し、その平均(cm)で表す。
【0039】
(4)釘穴止水性
12mm厚の合板(JASに規定される普通合板1類1等品)の上に屋根下地材を乗せ、鉄丸釘穴N50(JIS−A−5508規定)で構造体を通過する程度打ち込み、JIS−A−5430 5.6(透水試験)に準じて、釘打ち込み部に塩ビのパイプを立てる。これに高さが150mmの高さまで水を注ぎ入れ、24時間後の減水高さを調べる。n=10で測定し、合格を1mm以内の減水高さとし、その合格率(%)を表す。
【0040】
(5)摩擦係数
野地材として、合板(JASに規定される普通合板1類1等品)を使用し、屋根下地材の裏面とを両面テープで動かないように固定し、ゴムシート(東洋ゴム社製 ウレタンゴム 厚み2mm)を平滑なステンレス板に貼り付け、ゴムシート面と屋根下地材を接触させた後、野地板の上に2kgの荷重を乗せ、野地材を100mm/分の速度で引張り、摩擦力(野地材が滑りだしたときの引張応力)をn(試料数)=5で測定し、その平均値で表す。
【0041】
【数1】

Figure 2004052473
【0042】
(6)歩行安定性
実施例および比較例で作成する屋根下地材において、実際の屋根のモデル(屋根勾配30゜)で作業者が歩行時やつづら針での固定時の作業の際のすべり感を評価する。なお湿潤状態は、じょうろで約100cc/m程度になるようほぼ均一になるように散水した状態を示す。
【0043】
(7)厚み(mm)
JIS−L−1096 6.5に規定される厚さとし、荷重は23.5kpaとする。
【0044】
(8)空隙率(気孔容積)(%)
JIS−L−1096 6.10.2で規定される気孔容積を空隙率として表す。
【0045】
(9)乾燥性
JIS−L−1092(1998) 防水性試験方法4.(1)耐水度試験A法(静水圧法)によって、屋根下地材の表面に散水し、20度 60%RHの恒温室に放置し、手触りで濡れを感じなくなるまでの時間(hr)を表す。
【0046】
(実施例1)
防滑性を有する不織布は、ポリエステル不織布(旭化成株式会社製 E5040 厚み0.17mm、空隙率77%)にグラビアコーティング法(版深60ミクロン、全面コート)により、親水性の発泡塗料(山文油化株式会社製 PS−2 発泡カプセル含有アクリル系ラテックス)を固型分付着量10g/mで塗布し、130度で約2分間乾燥し、防滑性を有する不織布を得た。この不織布の透湿度を測定したところ、8000g/m/24hrであった。次に、釘穴止水性を有する透湿防水シートとして、フラッシュ紡糸法によるポリエチレン不織布「タイベック(登録商標)1082B」(旭デュポンフラッシュスパンプロダクツ株式会社製 目付105g/m、厚み0.26mm、透湿度5500g/m、耐水度220cm、釘穴止水性:合格率100%)の裏面(野地板に接触する面)に水溶性加熱型発泡インキ(AQフォーム:エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合樹脂系エマルジョン)をグラビア印刷機で点状(面積率15%、固形分付着量5g/m)に印刷した。上記の防滑性不織布と透湿防水シートの一体複合化は、フタル酸系ポリエステル樹脂を用いてドライラミネート法(固形分付着量5g/m、接着面積40%格子柄)により実施した。得られた屋根下地材の物性および評価結果を第1表に示す。
【0047】
(比較例1)
実施例1と同様にポリエステル不織布を使用し、親水剤としてポリアクリル酸ソーダーを含んだアクリル系エマルジョンをグラビアコーティング法により、固形分付着量8g/mを塗布し、後は実施例1と同様にフラッシュ紡糸法によるポリエチレン不織布とラミネートし、屋根下地材を作成した。この物性及び評価結果を第1表に示す。
【0048】
第1表からわかるように、摩擦係数が低いと歩行時に滑りやすく、急勾配の作業はできないと判断された。
【0049】
(比較例2)
実施例1で得られた屋根下地材の防滑性不織布の面に、フッ素系撥水剤であるアサヒガードAG−710(旭硝子株式会社製)の5%水溶液をグラビアロールにて10g/m付与し、乾燥し、屋根下地材を作成した。この結果を第1表に示す。
【0050】
第1表に示されるように、撥水度が高いため、散水すると屋根下地材が水をはじき、水滴状となり、歩行時に水膜となり滑りやすくなるだけでなく、長時間乾かないため作業が困難になる。
【0051】
(比較例3)
実施例1のフラッシュ紡糸法によるポリエチレン不織布の両面に、グラビアコーティング法(版深60ミクロン、全面コート)により、親水性の発泡塗料(山文油化株式会社製 PS−2 発泡カプセル含有アクリル系ラテックス)を固型分付着量10g/mで塗布し、130度で約2分間乾燥し、屋根下地材を作成した。この結果を第1表に示す。
【0052】
第1表に示されるように、透湿防水シートの表面の撥水度は低下するが、シート内部に水が浸入しないため、表面に水分を保持している状態となる。このため乾きにくく、湿潤時の歩行の際、水膜にができやすく滑りやすいことがわかる。さらに表面の親水性が影響し、釘穴止水性も低下することがわかる。
【0053】
(比較例4)
市販されている合成高分子系ルーフィングとしてハイトントン(松下電工社製塩ビ系ルーフィング)を比較例として、第1表に示した。
【0054】
第1表に示されるように、湿潤時の水膜のため滑りやすく、また乾きにくいことがわかった。
【0055】
【表1】
(第1表)
Figure 2004052473
【0056】
【発明の効果】
本発明の屋根下地材は、透湿防水シートの防水性、透湿性、釘穴止水性を損なうことなく、表面に特定の防滑度と撥水度を有する不織布をラミネートすることで晴天時は勿論のこと、雨や夜露により表面が濡れた際も、不織布の空隙に水を保持するので水膜ができにくく、作業者が安全に作業できる。また、屋根下地材の乾燥においても、不織布の空隙に拡散されるため、乾燥も有利となり、乾きにくい冬場の雨等でも素早く乾いた状態にすることができる。さらに、防滑層となる不織布が透湿防水シートの保護層となることから、上ぶき材(瓦)を施工するまでの日光の暴露に対する保護や異物の汚れ防止、さらには作業による傷つき(落下物による傷、靴底によるこすれ、破け等)防止の効果があり、屋根下地材としての物理強度も高める効果がある。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a roofing base material for building materials, and more particularly, to a roofing base material having moisture permeability, waterproofness, waterproofness in nail holes (waterproofing of nail holes), and anti-slip property during construction. In particular, the present invention relates to a non-woven fabric and a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet composite roofing material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Slope roofs of ordinary houses and the like are wiped up with a roofing material such as tile, slate, and metal. In the case where these toppings are installed on the top surface of the baseboard, the waterproofing function is applied to the surface of the baseboard prior to the installation of the toppings, for example, asphalt roofing or synthetic polymer sheet which is currently mainstream. It is common practice to lay an underlaying material whose main purpose is to provide
[0003]
Various proposals have been made for a roofing base material having improved waterproofness, moisture permeability, and watertightness of nail holes. In particular, with regard to the water blocking property or anti-slip property of the needle hole, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-28282 discloses that a non-water-absorbing thermoplastic resin in which a water-absorbing resin is dispersed is laminated on a synthetic fiber non-woven fabric, and that the surface has water repellency. The applied moisture-permeable waterproof base material has been proposed. Japanese Patent No. 2656813 discloses a sheet in which the surface of a polyolefin nonwoven fabric is provided with a non-slip of 10 to 80%, and JP-A-2001-232710 discloses a sheet having a slip resistance coefficient of 0.1 or more and a water repellency of 60 points. The technology of the three-layer structure of the above-described (measured by the old JISL1092) anti-slip layer, moisture-permeable waterproof and water-tight layer, and protective layer is disclosed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, these methods can ensure workability when the surface of the roofing base material is dry, but when the surface of the roofing base material becomes wet due to dew or rainwater, etc. Not only the frictional resistance is reduced, but also a problem arises in that it is easy to slip between the rubber of the shoe sole worn by the worker at the time of construction to form a water film, and safety cannot be ensured.
[0005]
In particular, in the case of a structure having a high water repellency on the surface of a roof base material described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-232710, some water flows down the surface, while other water becomes water droplets. Will remain on the surface. In such a state, the reduction in frictional resistance becomes large, and it becomes difficult to dry, and the wet state continues for a long time. In general, an operator does not work when it is raining or when the roof base material is wet. Therefore, if the roof base material remains wet for a relatively long time, there is a problem in construction.
[0006]
Therefore, the present inventor has conducted various studies on the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, the nonwoven fabric having a specific water repellency and anti-slip property, in order to hardly reduce the moisture permeability of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, the nail hole water stopping property. A roof that is capable of providing excellent waterproofness, waterproofness for nail holes, and excellent slip resistance without impairing the moisture permeability of the moisture permeable waterproof sheet by integrally forming a composite on at least one surface of the moisture permeable waterproof sheet. It is intended to provide a base material.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-described problems, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and have completed the present invention.
[0008]
That is, the roof base material according to the invention of the present application is a moisture permeable waterproof sheet having a nail hole water-blocking property, and is provided with an anti-slip function on the surface, and has a friction coefficient of 0.4 or more on the surface according to a test method described later, and is water-repellent. and the nonwoven fabric degree is 2 or less, be between the moisture permeable waterproof sheet and the nonwoven fabric, the roof bed is them provided with an adhesive layer to integrally composite, moisture permeability 1000 g / m 2/24 hr or more Material. More preferably, the nonwoven fabric described above is a synthetic fiber nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 0.1 mm or more, a porosity of 70% or more, and a spunbond method. Further, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet is a non-woven fabric formed by a flash spinning method using a polyolefin resin. Here, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet used for the roof base material is preferably a non-woven fabric formed by flash spinning using a polyolefin resin.
[0009]
As described above, a roof base material in which a nonwoven fabric having a specific water repellency and anti-slip property is integrally combined with a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet having a waterproof property for nail holes such as a flash spun nonwoven fabric without reducing moisture permeability. It has anti-slip properties at the time of construction, waterproof property, moisture permeability, and water-tightness for nail holes. Especially, it has excellent anti-slip properties when wet, and also has a feature that the surface is easy to dry.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
[0011]
The roof base material of the present invention is composed of a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet having a waterproof property for nail holes and a nonwoven fabric having an anti-slip function on its surface, and is integrally compounded by an adhesive layer between the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet and the nonwoven fabric. It has the structure which was done.
[0012]
Hereinafter, each component will be described.
[0013]
First, a moisture permeable waterproof sheet having a nail hole water blocking property will be described.
The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet having a Kugianatome aqueous used in the roof bed material of the present invention, by the respective later measurements, water resistance is 50cm or more, preferably 100cm or more, moisture permeability of at least 1000g / m 2 / 24hr or more, preferably 2000g / m 2 / 24hr or more, and, Kugianatome pass rate of the aqueous test is 80% or more, preferably a sheet having 90% or more properties.
[0014]
The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet having such a nail hole waterproof property is not particularly limited by a material and a manufacturing method, but it is preferable to use a nonwoven fabric by a flash spinning method using a polyolefin resin. As an example, “Tyvek (registered trademark)”, which is preferably commercially available from Asahi DuPont Flash Spun Products, is more preferably a nonwoven fabric having a high waterproof property for nail holes disclosed in JP-A-8-209867. is there. The above-mentioned nonwoven fabric is excellent not only in moisture permeability, waterproofness and water stopping property for nail holes, but also has excellent physical strength even when used alone, and is resistant to aging and excellent in durability.
[0015]
In addition to the above, at least one selected from the group consisting of microporous polyethylene, polypropylene, vinyl alcohol, and polyurethane disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-232710 can be used as a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet having a nail hole waterproofing property. Is a synthetic resin film of a thermoplastic elastomer. When these are used, a sheet-like material having a thickness of 50 to 300 μm and a Young's modulus of 1 to 30 kg / mm 2 can be used. In order to further improve the water stopping property of the nail hole, a sheet in which the surface is coated or impregnated with a known superabsorbent polymer such as polyacrylate or maleate, butyl rubber, rubber resin such as styrene-butadiene rubber, or the like. Etc. can be used. Alternatively, when water repellency or waterproofness is enhanced, a sheet or the like obtained by applying or impregnating the surface of a nonwoven fabric, synthetic paper, or the like with a fluorine-based, silicon-based, or wax-based agent can be used. Further, as a laminate, a sheet obtained by integrally combining a known nonwoven fabric, synthetic paper, a microporous film, a moisture-permeable rubber sheet, etc. with an appropriate adhesive, or the above-described superabsorbent polymer or superabsorbent polymer is held therebetween. It is also possible to use a laminated sheet or the like integrated with a sheet interposed therebetween.
[0016]
Second, a non-woven fabric having a slip resistant surface will be described.
[0017]
The nonwoven fabric having anti-slip properties on the surface used in the present invention has a coefficient of friction of 0.4 or more, preferably 0.5 or more, on the sheet surface serving as a walking surface, since the worker walks during construction. preferable. Further, in order to make the nonwoven fabric less slippery during walking, it is necessary to add cushioning to the nonwoven fabric. The thickness is 0.1 mm or more, preferably 0.2 mm or more, and the porosity is preferably 70% or more. When the worker walks, it is necessary to select a nonwoven fabric that is hardly damaged even when rubbed with the shoe sole. As a condition of water repellency, the water repellency is preferably 2 or less so that a water film cannot be formed when wet by rainwater or dew. From the viewpoint of waterproofness, it is preferable that water does not pass through the nonwoven fabric surface.
[0018]
The nonwoven fabric having the above performance is preferably a synthetic fiber nonwoven fabric by a spun bond method which is hardly damaged on a shoe sole, and is preferably a nonwoven fabric mainly composed of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester or polyamide which hardly absorbs moisture. By subjecting the surface of these nonwoven fabrics to anti-slip processing, a non-woven fabric having anti-slip properties on the surface used in the present invention is produced.
[0019]
Next, the method of anti-slip processing of these nonwoven fabrics will be specifically described.
[0020]
The nonwoven fabric having an anti-slip property on its surface is produced by a method of subjecting the non-woven fabric to a known anti-slip process, or a method of adding a substance exhibiting anti-slip properties to components constituting the non-woven fabric. For example, a method of bonding aggregates, foam materials, various powders, and the like using a binder as an anti-slip agent, or a hot-melt agent or the like that exhibits adhesiveness when hot-melted as an anti-slip agent, in the form of dots or stripes Any method such as a method of bonding in a shape can be used.
[0021]
The anti-slipping method using a binder will be described below.
[0022]
As the aggregate used in the anti-slip processing method, mineral particles such as sand are used. As the foaming material, low-boiling hydrocarbons such as n-butane, i-butane, pentane and neopentane are included in the core material, Foamable microcapsules used as wall coating agents for thermoplastic resins containing (meth) acrylic acid esters such as vinylidene, acrylonitrile, and methyl methacrylate, and aromatic vinyl compounds such as styrene as main components. Granules, metal powder, glass beads, calcium carbonate, titanium oxide, plastic beads, and the like can be used. As the binder to be adhered, acrylic, urethane, styrene / butadiene, ethylene / vinyl acetate, etc. can be used. As the anti-slip processing method, various coating methods and printing methods such as a knife coater, a gravure coater, a kiss coater, and a bar coater are possible.
[0023]
Since the nonwoven fabric used in the present invention has sufficient voids on the surface by being composed of fibers, by appropriately selecting the anti-slipping agent to be used and the amount of adhesion, without impairing the moisture permeability even when applied over the entire surface. Can be granted. Of course, it is also possible to apply the anti-slip agent in the form of dots or stripes.
[0024]
Next, an anti-slipping method using a hot melt agent will be described.
[0025]
When using a hot melt agent to perform anti-slip processing, anti-slip processing is performed using a hot melt agent having a melting point equal to or lower than the melting point of the nonwoven fabric sheet among ethylene / vinyl acetate-based, polyester-based, and polyimide-based materials. Specific methods include a method of spraying and hot-pressing a powdery hot-melt agent, and a method of melting and liquidizing the hot-melt agent and coating it in a dot or stripe form.
[0026]
Furthermore, in order to reduce the water repellency to 2 or less, it is necessary to apply a hydrophilic surfactant to the entire surface of the nonwoven fabric. In this case, it is preferable to apply it at the same time as the working fluid used in the anti-slip processing. As the surfactant, any surfactant having a water repellency of 2 or less can be used. For example, it may be a surfactant such as an emulsifier and a dispersant contained in the working fluid used in the anti-slip processing. When the water repellency becomes 2 or less, it is not necessary to newly attach a surfactant such as a hydrophilic agent.
[0027]
Further, in order to prevent the surface from being damaged or broken during walking, a known resin coating or impregnation for improving the surface strength may be applied. The surface strength was determined by the color fastness to rubbing against JIS-L0849 friction (determined under the conditions of 6.1 (2) of a friction tester type 2 and the change in appearance by the JIS-L1096 6.17 abrasion test c method (Taber type method). The class A is preferred.
[0028]
Next, a description will be given of the integration of a nonwoven fabric having a slip resistant surface with a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet.
[0029]
Integrally complexing is performed by providing an adhesive layer between a nonwoven fabric having anti-slip properties on the surface and a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet having water resistance to nail holes. An adhesive resin is used for the adhesive layer. A moisture-permeable waterproof sheet having a nail hole waterproofing property and a non-woven fabric having an anti-slip property on its surface are bonded together such that the anti-slip surface of the anti-slip non-woven material is on the outside.
[0030]
The type of the adhesive resin used is not particularly limited, such as a solvent type, an emulsion type, or a hot melt type. As the bonding method, a known bonding method such as a dry lamination method, a wet lamination method, curtain spray for bonding a hot melt into a thread while spraying the same, or thermal lamination using a hot melt powder is used. It is preferable that the adhesive strength by 180-degree peeling according to JIS-Z0208 is 1.0 N / cm or more, and the adhesive area is substantially 50% or less so that moisture permeability is not reduced by the adhesive resin. preferable.
[0031]
The roof base material of the present invention can be obtained by the above-mentioned materials and methods. The roof base material has a friction resistance of 0.4 or more on the non-slip nonwoven fabric surface and a water repellency of 50 or less. Its moisture permeability is at 1000g / m 2 / 24hr or more, preferably 3000g / m 2 / 24hr or more (JIS A6111 following provisions of the moisture permeation resistance of about 0.19m 2 · s · Pa / μg ). As for the waterproofness, the water resistance is 50 cm (about 5 kpa) or more, and the acceptance rate of the water stopping property for nail holes is 80% or more.
[0032]
In the roof base material of the present invention, it is preferable to perform various anti-slip treatments also on the back surface of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet having water-tightness for nail holes, which comes into contact with the field board material. The anti-slipping process on the back side not only prevents people working during construction by suppressing the slip between the roof base material and the ground board, but also breaks at the spelling needles and nails that fix the roof base material. And expansion of holes. The anti-slip treatment of the back surface is performed not only by the method of bonding the non-woven fabric having the anti-slip property of the present invention to the back surface, but also by various methods such as the above-mentioned slip-proof processing means for the non-woven fabric, by directly using a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet having a nail hole water-blocking property. Can be used on the back surface of Further, the roof base material of the present invention may be subjected to a known treatment such as a treatment for improving durability, weather resistance and waterproofness (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-280623 by the same applicant as the present application).
[0033]
In addition, it is preferable that coloring is performed so as not to be dazzling at the time of construction, and that the overlapping portion of the laying base material to be laid, the place where the spelling needle is driven, the method at the time of construction, and the like are preferably printed or colored.
[0034]
(Example)
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0035]
Each physical property of the roof base material in the examples was measured by the following methods.
[0036]
(1) Based on the moisture permeability JIS-L-1099 Moisture Permeability Test Method A-1 method (calcium chloride method), measured at n = 5, represented by its average (g / m 2 / 24hr) .
[0037]
(2) Water repellency JIS-L-1092 (1998) Evaluated by a waterproof test method 6.2 Water repellency test (spray test).
This method is a test in which water is sprayed in a shower shape on a sample inclined at 45 degrees to observe the state of adhesion of water. The water repellency of 2 or less as defined in the present invention means that there is no water droplet and the area is more than half of the area and is apparently wet.
[0038]
(3) Water resistance (water resistance)
JIS-L-1092 (1998) Waterproofing test method 4. (1) Water resistance test Measured by the method A (hydrostatic method) and expressed as an average (cm).
[0039]
(4) Roof base material is placed on a 12mm thick plywood (normal plywood class 1 and 1 class product specified by JAS) with a nail hole waterproofing structure, and the structure is formed with an iron round nail hole N50 (JIS-A-5508). And a PVC pipe is set up at the nailed portion in accordance with JIS-A-5430 5.6 (permeability test). Water is poured into this to a height of 150 mm, and the water reduction height after 24 hours is examined. The measurement was performed at n = 10, and the pass was defined as a reduced water height within 1 mm, and the pass rate (%) was expressed.
[0040]
(5) Using a plywood (a standard plywood class 1 class 1 product specified by JAS) as a base material for friction coefficient, fixing the back of the base material of the roof with double-sided tape so that it does not move, and using a rubber sheet (Toyo Tire & Rubber Co., Ltd.) (Urethane rubber, thickness 2mm) was attached to a smooth stainless steel plate, and the rubber sheet surface was brought into contact with the roof base material. Then, a 2kg load was placed on the field plate and the field material was pulled at a speed of 100mm / min. And the frictional force (tensile stress when the base material starts to slide) is measured at n (the number of samples) = 5, and expressed as an average value.
[0041]
(Equation 1)
Figure 2004052473
[0042]
(6) Walking stability In the roof base material created in the working example and the comparative example, a slipping feeling when the worker walks or works with the spelling stylus when using the actual roof model (the roof slope is 30 °). To evaluate. The wet state indicates a state in which water is sprinkled almost uniformly so as to be about 100 cc / m 2 with a watering can.
[0043]
(7) Thickness (mm)
The thickness shall be stipulated in JIS-L-1096 6.5, and the load shall be 23.5 kpa.
[0044]
(8) Porosity (pore volume) (%)
The pore volume specified in JIS-L-1096 6.10.2 is expressed as a porosity.
[0045]
(9) Dryness JIS-L-1092 (1998) Waterproofness test method 4. (1) Water resistance test A method (hydrostatic pressure method) was used to spray water on the surface of a roof base material, leave it in a constant temperature room at 20 ° C. and 60% RH, and express the time (hr) until it does not feel wet by touch. .
[0046]
(Example 1)
The non-woven fabric having anti-slip properties is obtained by applying a hydrophilic foam paint (Yamabun Yuka Co., Ltd.) to a polyester non-woven fabric (E5040 manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation, 0.17 mm thick, porosity 77%) by a gravure coating method (plate depth 60 microns, full surface coating). Co., Ltd. PS-2 foamed capsule-containing acrylic latex) was applied at a solid content of 10 g / m 2 and dried at 130 ° C. for about 2 minutes to obtain a non-slip nonwoven fabric. Measurement of the moisture permeability of the nonwoven fabric was 8000g / m 2 / 24hr. Next, as a moisture permeable waterproof sheet having a nail hole waterproofing property, a polyethylene nonwoven fabric “Tyvek (registered trademark) 1082B” (available from Asahi Dupont Flash Spun Products Co., Ltd., having a basis weight of 105 g / m 2 , a thickness of 0.26 mm, and a permeability of flash spinning). 5500 g / m 2 humidity, 220 cm water resistance, water resistance of nail hole: 100% pass rate) Water-soluble heated foaming ink (AQ foam: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin emulsion) ) Was printed dot-like (area ratio 15%, solids adhesion amount 5 g / m 2 ) with a gravure printer. The above-mentioned composite formation of the non-slip nonwoven fabric and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet was carried out by a dry lamination method (solid adhesion amount 5 g / m 2 , adhesion area 40% lattice pattern) using a phthalic acid-based polyester resin. Table 1 shows the physical properties and evaluation results of the obtained roof base material.
[0047]
(Comparative Example 1)
A polyester non-woven fabric was used in the same manner as in Example 1, and an acrylic emulsion containing sodium polyacrylate as a hydrophilic agent was applied by gravure coating at a solid content of 8 g / m 2 , and thereafter the same as in Example 1 Was laminated with a polyethylene nonwoven fabric by flash spinning to prepare a roof base material. Table 1 shows the physical properties and the evaluation results.
[0048]
As can be seen from Table 1, when the coefficient of friction was low, it was determined that it was slippery when walking, and it was not possible to work on steep slopes.
[0049]
(Comparative Example 2)
10 g / m 2 of a 5% aqueous solution of Asahigard AG-710 (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), which is a fluorine-based water repellent, is applied to the surface of the non-slip nonwoven fabric of the roof base material obtained in Example 1 using a gravure roll. Then, it was dried and the roof base material was created. Table 1 shows the results.
[0050]
As shown in Table 1, because of high water repellency, when water is sprinkled, the roof base material repels water and becomes water-drop-like, becomes not only a water film when walking, but also slippery, and it is difficult to work because it does not dry for a long time. become.
[0051]
(Comparative Example 3)
A hydrophilic foam paint (PS-2 foam capsule-containing acrylic latex made by Yamabun Yuka Co., Ltd.) was applied to both sides of the polyethylene nonwoven fabric by the flash spinning method of Example 1 by a gravure coating method (plate depth: 60 μm, full surface coating). ) Was applied at a solid amount of 10 g / m 2 and dried at 130 ° C. for about 2 minutes to prepare a roof base material. Table 1 shows the results.
[0052]
As shown in Table 1, although the water repellency of the surface of the moisture permeable waterproof sheet is reduced, water does not enter the inside of the sheet, so that the surface retains moisture. Therefore, it is found that the film is hard to dry, and the water film is easily formed and slippery when walking in wet conditions. Further, it can be seen that the hydrophilicity of the surface affects, and the water stopping property of the nail hole also decreases.
[0053]
(Comparative Example 4)
As a comparative example, Table 1 shows Hytonton (a PVC-based roofing manufactured by Matsushita Electric Works) as a commercially available synthetic polymer-based roofing.
[0054]
As shown in Table 1, it was found that the film was slippery and hard to dry due to the water film when wet.
[0055]
[Table 1]
(Table 1)
Figure 2004052473
[0056]
【The invention's effect】
The roof base material of the present invention is not only in fine weather, but also by laminating a nonwoven fabric having a specific degree of slip resistance and water repellency on the surface without impairing the waterproofness, moisture permeability and nail hole waterproofness of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet. In addition, even when the surface becomes wet due to rain or night dew, water is retained in the voids of the nonwoven fabric, so that a water film is hardly formed, and the worker can work safely. In addition, even when the roof base material is dried, it is diffused into the voids of the nonwoven fabric, so that the drying is advantageous, and even if it is difficult to dry in winter, it can be quickly dried. Furthermore, since the non-woven fabric that forms the anti-slip layer serves as the protective layer for the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, it protects against exposure to sunlight until the top covering material (roof) is installed, prevents foreign matter from being stained, and further damages due to work (dropping). It has the effect of preventing scratches caused by objects, rubbing and tearing due to shoe soles, etc., and also has the effect of increasing the physical strength of the roof base material.

Claims (4)

屋根下地材であって、
釘穴止水性を有する透湿防水シートと、
表面に防滑機能を施し、該面における摩擦係数が0.4以上で、撥水度が2以下である不織布と、
前記透湿防水シートおよび前記不織布の間にあって、これらを一体複合化するための接着層と
を具備し、透湿性が1000g/m/24hr以上である屋根下地材。
A roof base material,
A moisture permeable waterproof sheet having a nail hole waterproofing property,
A nonwoven fabric having a surface provided with an anti-slip function, a coefficient of friction on the surface being 0.4 or more, and a water repellency of 2 or less;
Wherein there between moisture permeable waterproof sheet and the nonwoven fabric, it was provided with an adhesive layer for integrally complexed, roof bed material is moisture permeability 1000g / m 2 / 24hr or more.
前記不織布が、厚さが0.1mm以上であり、空隙率が70%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の屋根下地材。The roof base material according to claim 1, wherein the nonwoven fabric has a thickness of 0.1 mm or more and a porosity of 70% or more. 前記不織布が、スパンボンド法による合成繊維不織布であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の屋根下地材。The roof base material according to claim 1, wherein the nonwoven fabric is a synthetic fiber nonwoven fabric by a spun bond method. 前記透湿防水シートが、ポリオレフィン樹脂を使用するフラッシュ紡糸法による不織布であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の屋根下地材。The roof base material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the moisture permeable waterproof sheet is a nonwoven fabric formed by a flash spinning method using a polyolefin resin.
JP2002214523A 2002-07-23 2002-07-23 Roof base material Expired - Fee Related JP4012443B2 (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009084840A (en) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-23 Seiren Co Ltd Waterproof sheet for building substrate
JP2010275842A (en) * 2009-06-01 2010-12-09 Fukuvi Chem Ind Co Ltd Roofing base sheet and moisture permeability roofboard used therefor
JP2014024988A (en) * 2012-07-27 2014-02-06 Kagawa Prefecture Moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, method for producing the same, and method for improving water repellency
KR20140079739A (en) * 2012-12-19 2014-06-27 세이렌가부시끼가이샤 Porous film
JP2014224447A (en) * 2014-06-16 2014-12-04 香川県 Moisture-permeable and waterproof sheet
JP2018091020A (en) * 2016-12-01 2018-06-14 新江州株式会社 Moisture permeability waterproof sheet for roofs
US20200399904A1 (en) * 2019-06-24 2020-12-24 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Roofing underlayment with hydrophobic nonwoven core
US11970863B2 (en) 2019-12-23 2024-04-30 Treeful Inc. Structure for preventing rain leakage in tree house

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009084840A (en) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-23 Seiren Co Ltd Waterproof sheet for building substrate
JP2010275842A (en) * 2009-06-01 2010-12-09 Fukuvi Chem Ind Co Ltd Roofing base sheet and moisture permeability roofboard used therefor
JP2014024988A (en) * 2012-07-27 2014-02-06 Kagawa Prefecture Moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, method for producing the same, and method for improving water repellency
KR20140079739A (en) * 2012-12-19 2014-06-27 세이렌가부시끼가이샤 Porous film
JP2014139305A (en) * 2012-12-19 2014-07-31 Seiren Co Ltd Porous film
KR102143248B1 (en) 2012-12-19 2020-08-10 세이렌가부시끼가이샤 Porous film
JP2014224447A (en) * 2014-06-16 2014-12-04 香川県 Moisture-permeable and waterproof sheet
JP2018091020A (en) * 2016-12-01 2018-06-14 新江州株式会社 Moisture permeability waterproof sheet for roofs
US20200399904A1 (en) * 2019-06-24 2020-12-24 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Roofing underlayment with hydrophobic nonwoven core
US11518137B2 (en) * 2019-06-24 2022-12-06 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Roofing underlayment with hydrophobic nonwoven core
US11970863B2 (en) 2019-12-23 2024-04-30 Treeful Inc. Structure for preventing rain leakage in tree house

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