JP2004049174A

JP2004049174A - Feed additive for pig and method for rearing baby pig in lactation period using the same

Info

Publication number: JP2004049174A
Application number: JP2002214885A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Takuya Nagai; 永井　卓也; Ryuichi Azuma; 東　隆一; Hiroyuki Suzuki; 鈴木　宏幸; Yukihiro Motozono; 本薗　幸広
Original assignee: NISSHIN SHIRYO KK
Current assignee: NISSHIN SHIRYO KK
Priority date: 2002-07-24
Filing date: 2002-07-24
Publication date: 2004-02-19

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a feed additive for pigs effective on diarrhea prevention especially for baby pigs in a lactation period. <P>SOLUTION: The feed additive for pigs contains 9 kinds of herbs, yeast, lactic bacterium and organic acid. The method for rearing baby pigs in a lactation period comprises using the feed additive. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、豚用飼料添加剤およびその豚用飼料添加剤を給与する子豚の飼育方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、ハーブ類を用いた動物用飼料添加剤としては種々のものが提案されている。例えばチョウセンニンジン、スイカ、ヘチマ、アマチャズル、キュウリ、メロン、カンゾウ、ダイズ、サイコ、アズキおよび茶葉のうち少なくとも１種の植物の粉末および／またはこの植物から抽出した植物抽出物および／または醗酵生成物を必須成分とする肉質改善用飼料（特開昭６１−１１９１４４号公報参照）、ブラックペッパー、グローブ、ジンジャー、ガーリック、オニオンおよびこれらの精油のいずれか１種または２種以上を含有する畜肉矯臭用飼料添加剤（特開平５−２７６８７８号公報参照）、（ａ）ショウヨウ、サンザシ、オケラ、ミルクヴェッチ、エゾナミキ、チンピおよびミントから選ばれた少なくとも１種のハーブ類（ｂ）酵母細胞壁と、ラクトバチルスアシドフィルス菌および／またはエンテロコッカスフィシュウム菌からなる生菌剤とを混合した生菌混合剤および（ｃ）有機酸からなる群から選ばれた少なくとも２種の群の物質を含有する動物用飼料添加物（特開２００２−５８４３４公報参照）等が知られている。
しかしながら、これらの従来技術は限定された用途に供される目的で開発されたものであるが、特に子豚の下痢予防等には未だ満足し得るものではなかった。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
子豚の哺乳期や離乳後の下痢の発生は、養豚家にとっては大きな損失となる。すなわち、子豚の下痢の多発は農場の生産性を低下させ、経済的損失が大きくなる。従って如何に哺乳期から離乳後にかけての時期を無難に飼育するかが飼育管理のポイントとなるのである。そこで本発明者等は特に子豚の哺乳期における下痢予防に有効なサプリメントについて種々研究を重ねた結果、本発明を完成するに至った。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち、本発明は、ショウヨウ、サンザシ、カンゾウ、エゾナミキ、タンジェリン、ミント、ガーリック、オケラおよびミルクベッチからなるハーブ類、酵母類、乳酸菌および有機酸を含有する豚用飼料添加剤およびその豚用飼料添加剤を用いた哺乳期子豚の飼育方法である。
【０００５】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の豚用飼料添加剤に使用するショウヨウ、サンザシ、カンゾウ、エゾナミキ、タンジェリン、ミント、ガーリック、オケラおよびミルクベッチのハーブ類は、そのままの形態でも使用できるが適宜磨り潰した粉砕物、精油あるいは各種溶媒を用いて抽出した成分を液状または粉末状の形態にして使用することができる。
【０００６】
また本発明の豚用飼料添加剤に使用する酵母類としては、Ｓａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ　ｃｅｒｅｖｉｓｉａｅ、Ｓａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ　ｕｖａｒｕｍ、Ｓａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ　ｄｉａｓｔａｔｉｃｕｓ、Ｓａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ　ｒｏｕｘｉｉ等のＳａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ属、Ｓｃｈｉｚｏｓａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ　ｐｏｍｂｅ等のＳｃｈｉｚｏｓａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ属、Ｓａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｏｄｅｓ　ｌｕｄｗｉｇｉｉ等のＳａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｏｄｅｓ属、Ｈａｎｓｅｎｉａｓｐｏｒａ　ｖａｌｂｙｅｎｓｉｓ等のＨａｎｓｅｎｉａｓｐｏｒａ属、Ｋｌｕｙｖｅｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ　ｆｒａｇｉｌｉｓ、Ｋｌｕｙｖｅｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ　ｌａｃｔｉｓ等のＫｌｕｙｖｅｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ属、Ｐｉｃｈｉａ　ｍｅｍｂｒａｎａｃｆａｃｉｅｎｓ等のＰｉｃｈｉａ属、Ｈａｎｓｅｎｕｌａ　ａｎｏｍａｌａ等のＨａｎｓｅｎｕｌａ属、Ｄｅｂａｒｙｏｍｙｃｅｓ　ｈａｎｓｅｎｉｉ等のＤｅｂａｒｙｏｍｙｃｅｓ属、Ｌｉｐｏｍｙｃｅｓ　ｓｔａｒｋｅｙｉ等のＬｉｐｏｍｙｃｅｓ属、Ｂｒｅｔｔａｎｏｍｙｃｅｓ　ｂｒｕｘｅｌｌｅｎｓｉｓ等のＢｒｅｔｔａｎｏｍｙｃｅｓ属、Ｃａｎｄｉｄａ　ｕｔｉｌｉｓ、Ｃａｎｄｉｄａ　ｔｒｏｐｉｃａｌｉｓ、Ｃａｎｄｉｄａ　ｌｉｐｏｌｙｔｉｃａ等のＣａｎｄｉｄａ属等の酵母が挙げられる。
また本発明の酵母類は、前記酵母菌の他に、酵母細胞から常法により分取した酵母細胞壁も使用することができる。この酵母細胞壁は通常酵母菌および／または酵母醗酵産生物をも含有している。そして前記の酵母類は１種または２種以上を適宜選択して使用することができる。
【０００７】
本発明に使用する乳酸菌としては、Ｌａｃｔｏｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ　ａｃｉｄｏｐｂｉｌｕｓ菌、Ｅｎｔｅｒｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ　ｆａｃｅｃｉｕｍ菌等が挙げられ、これらの乳酸菌の１種または２種以上を適宜選択して使用することができる。また製剤中の乳酸菌は通常１０^５／ｇ〜１０^１２／ｇ含有されている。
【０００８】
さらに本発明に使用する有機酸としては乳酸、ギ酸、クエン酸、プロピオン酸、リンゴ酸、フマル酸、酒石酸等が挙げられ、これらの有機酸を１種または２種以上適宜選択して使用することができる。
【０００９】
本発明の豚用飼料添加剤の配合割合は、ハーブ類：酵母類：乳酸菌：有機酸の配合割合が０．０１重量％〜８０重量％：０．０１重量％〜８０重量％：０．０１重量％〜８０重量％：０．１重量％〜８０重量％、特に０．１重量％〜６０重量％：１重量％〜６０重量％：０．１重量％〜６０重量％：１重量％〜６０重量％の範囲であることが好ましい。
【００１０】
本発明の豚用飼料添加剤は、前記有効成分に加えて、さらに各種ビタミン類、ミネラル類等を適宜添加することもできる。また本発明の豚用飼料添加剤を調製するためのケイ酸等の増量剤も適宜使用することができる。
【００１１】
本発明者等は、哺乳期の子豚が母豚と同じ場所で過すことから、床なめや糞食を通じて母豚の腸内細菌叢（腸内フローラ）を受け継ぐことに着目した。すなわち母豚の体調が悪く腸内細菌叢が不安定な状態では良好な腸内細菌叢は子豚に形成されず、哺乳期や離乳後の下痢や、その後の発育に大きく影響することを踏まえ、特に哺乳期における子豚の飼育方法について研究を重ねた。
【００１２】
その結果、本発明の豚用飼料添加剤を少なくとも分娩１週間前より母豚に給与すると共に、子豚の出生から３日以内から少なくとも離乳時まで本発明の豚用飼料添加剤を給与して飼育することによって、母豚の良好な腸内環境を形成することにより母豚の乳量がアップすると共に、豚舎（分娩舎）環境が整えられることから子豚の良好な腸内細菌叢が形成されて子豚の消化吸収が促進され、下痢の減少により発育を向上させることができることを見出した。
【００１３】
母豚および子豚に給与する豚用飼料添加剤の使用量としては、通常飼料中に０．０１〜５０重量％、好ましくは０．５〜５．０重量％混合して給与する量で充分である。
【００１４】
本発明の豚用飼料添加剤は、母豚の分娩時前後に限らず、飼育全ステージに渡り、給与しても差し支えない。また子豚においても哺乳期以降も引き続き給与することによって下痢等の予防ができるので好ましい。
【００１５】
【実施例】
次に本発明をさらに具体的に説明するために実施例を掲げるが、本発明は以下の実施例にのみ限定されるものではない。
【００１６】
実施例１
ショウヨウ８重量部、サンザシ４重量部、カンゾウ４重量部、エゾナミキ４重量部、タンジェリン４重量部、ミント４重量部、ガーリック４重量部、オケラ４重量部、ミルクベッチ４重量部からなるハーブ類の乾燥物を粉砕した粉砕物と、乳酸菌（１．９５×１０^９／ｇ含有）を含有するサッカロミセス　セレビシエ菌混合剤３７重量部、乳酸１９．５重量部、クエン酸０．５重量部およびケイ酸３重量部とを均一に混合して豚用飼料添加剤を調製した。
【００１７】
実施例２
表１に示す母豚用基礎飼料に実施例１で調製した豚用飼料添加剤０．５重量％を添加したものを分娩１週間前から離乳時（２１日令）まで母豚（品種ＬＷ）に毎日給与した。
一方出生３日後の子豚（品種ＬＷＤ）２１頭（母豚２腹分）に表２に示す子豚用基礎飼料に実施例１で調製した豚用飼料添加剤０．５重量％を添加したものを離乳期（２１日令）および離乳３週後（４２日令）まで毎日給与して試験した。次にその試験結果として子豚１頭当りの平均体重の推移（ｋｇ／頭）を表３に示す。なお表３中子豚用基礎飼料のみを給与した場合を対照区として示す。
【００１８】
【表１】

【００１９】
【表２】

【００２０】
【表３】

【００２１】
なお試験区においては下痢軟便発生頭数が少なく、発育も良好であった。
【００２２】
【発明の効果】
本発明の豚用飼料添加剤を子豚に給与することにより、子豚の下痢予防がなされ、特にその豚用飼料添加剤を分娩前の母豚と共に出生間もない子豚にも給与することにより、子豚の下痢発生を一層防止することができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a feed additive for pigs and a method of raising piglets to which the feed additive for pigs is fed.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various kinds of animal feed additives using herbs have been proposed. For example, powder of a plant of at least one of ginseng, watermelon, loofah, amachazur, cucumber, melon, liquorice, soybean, psycho, adzuki bean and tea leaves and / or a plant extract and / or fermentation product extracted from this plant Meat quality improving feed as an essential component (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-119144), black pepper, glove, ginger, garlic, onion, and livestock meat smelling feed containing any one or more of these essential oils Additives (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-27678), (a) at least one herb selected from the group consisting of ginger, hawthorn, okera, milk vetch, Ezonamiki, chimpi and mint; (b) yeast cell wall and Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria And / or Enterococcus fish Animal feed additive containing at least two kinds of substances selected from the group consisting of a viable cell mixture prepared by mixing a viable cell agent consisting of an organic acid and (c) an organic acid (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-58434). Etc.) are known.
However, although these prior arts were developed for the purpose of providing limited uses, they were not yet satisfactory, especially for prevention of diarrhea in piglets.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The occurrence of diarrhea during the suckling period and after weaning of piglets is a significant loss for pig farmers. That is, frequent occurrences of diarrhea in piglets reduce the productivity of the farm and increase economic losses. Therefore, how to rear the animal safely during the period from the suckling period to the time after weaning is the point of breeding management. The present inventors have conducted various studies on supplements that are particularly effective in preventing diarrhea in the suckling period of piglets, and as a result, have completed the present invention.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention provides a pig feed additive containing herbs, yeasts, lactic acid bacteria and an organic acid comprising ginger, hawthorn, liquorice, Ezonamiki, tangerine, mint, garlic, oakella and milk vetch, and a pig feed additive thereof. This is a method of breeding piglets during the suckling period.
[0005]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Herbs of ginger, hawthorn, liquorice, licorice, ezonamiki, tangerine, mint, garlic, okera and milk vetch used in the pig feed additive of the present invention can be used as they are, but are appropriately ground and ground, essential oil or various kinds of herbs. The components extracted using a solvent can be used in the form of a liquid or a powder.
[0006]
As yeasts to be used in pig feed additive of the invention, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces uvarum, Saccharomyces diastaticus, Saccharomyces genus such as Saccharomyces rouxii, Schizosaccharomyces genus such as Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Saccharomycodes genus such Saccharomycodes ludwigii, Hanseniaspora valbyensis, etc. Genus Kluyveromyces such as Hanseniaspora, Kluyveromyces fragilis, Kluyveromyces lactis, and Pichia membra Pichia genus such nacfaciens, Hansenula genus, such as Hansenula anomala, Debaryomyces genus, such as Debaryomyces hansenii, Lipomyces genus such Lipomyces starkeyi, Brettanomyces genus, such as Brettanomyces bruxellensis, Candida utilis, Candida tropicalis, yeast of the genus Candida such as Candida lipolytica No.
In addition, the yeast of the present invention may use, in addition to the above-mentioned yeast, a yeast cell wall separated from yeast cells by an ordinary method. The yeast cell wall usually also contains yeast and / or yeast fermentation products. One or more of the above yeasts can be appropriately selected and used.
[0007]
Examples of the lactic acid bacteria used in the present invention include Lactobacillus acidopbilus bacteria, Enterococcus faecium, and the like. One or more of these lactic acid bacteria can be appropriately selected and used. The lactic acid bacteria in the formulation is usually ¹⁰ 5 / ^g~10 ¹² / g containing.
[0008]
Further, as the organic acid used in the present invention, lactic acid, formic acid, citric acid, propionic acid, malic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid and the like can be mentioned, and one or more of these organic acids can be appropriately selected and used. Can be.
[0009]
The mixing ratio of the feed additive for pigs of the present invention is as follows: the mixing ratio of herbs: yeast: lactic acid bacteria: organic acid is 0.01% by weight to 80% by weight: 0.01% by weight to 80% by weight: 0.01. % To 80% by weight: 0.1% to 80% by weight, especially 0.1% to 60% by weight: 1% to 60% by weight: 0.1% to 60% by weight: 1% by weight Preferably it is in the range of 60% by weight.
[0010]
The feed additive for pigs of the present invention may further contain various vitamins, minerals and the like in addition to the above-mentioned active ingredients. An extender such as silicic acid for preparing the feed additive for swine of the present invention can also be used as appropriate.
[0011]
The present inventors have paid attention to inheriting the intestinal microflora (intestinal flora) of the sowed pig through floor licking and fecal feeding, because the piglet in the suckling period stays in the same place as the sow. In other words, if the condition of the mother pig is poor and the intestinal flora is unstable, good intestinal flora will not be formed in the piglet, and it will greatly affect diarrhea during suckling and weaning and subsequent development In particular, research was conducted on the method of rearing piglets during the suckling period.
[0012]
As a result, the pig feed additive of the present invention is fed to sows at least one week before parturition, and the pig feed additive of the present invention is fed from at least 3 days after birth to at least weaning. By raising the sow, the good intestinal environment of the sow increases the milk yield of the sow, and the pighouse (delivery house) environment is adjusted, so that the intestinal flora of the piglet is formed. It has been found that digestion and absorption of piglets have been promoted, and that growth can be improved by reducing diarrhea.
[0013]
The amount of the feed additive for pigs to be fed to mother pigs and piglets is usually 0.01 to 50% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5.0% by weight in the feed and is sufficient. It is.
[0014]
The feed additive for pigs of the present invention may be supplied not only before and after parturition of the sow but also throughout the breeding stage. In addition, it is preferable that the piglets can be prevented from diarrhea and the like by continuing to feed the piglets after the suckling period.
[0015]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples.
[0016]
Example 1
Drying of herbs consisting of 8 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight of hawthorn, 4 parts by weight of liquorice, 4 parts by weight of Ezonamiki, 4 parts by weight of tangerine, 4 parts by weight of mint, 4 parts by weight of garlic, 4 parts by weight of Okera, 4 parts by weight of milk vetch 37 parts by weight of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae mixture containing lactic acid bacteria (containing 1.95 × 10 ⁹ / g), 19.5 parts by weight of lactic acid, 0.5 parts by weight of citric acid and silicic acid 3 Parts by weight were uniformly mixed to prepare a feed additive for pigs.
[0017]
Example 2
The sow base feed shown in Table 1 plus 0.5% by weight of the swine feed additive prepared in Example 1 was added to the sow (breed LW) from one week before parturition until weaning (21 days old). Was paid daily.
Meanwhile, 0.5% by weight of the pig feed additive prepared in Example 1 was added to the piglet basic feed shown in Table 2 to 21 piglets (breed LWD) 3 days after birth (breed LWD). They were fed and tested daily until weaning (21 days old) and 3 weeks after weaning (42 days old). Next, Table 3 shows changes in the average body weight per piglet (kg / head) as test results. In addition, the case where only the basic feed for the piglets in Table 3 was fed is shown as a control group.
[0018]
[Table 1]

[0019]
[Table 2]

[0020]
[Table 3]

[0021]
In the test plot, the number of diarrhea loose stools generated was small and the growth was good.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
By feeding the pig feed additive of the present invention to a piglet, diarrhea of the piglet is prevented. In particular, the pig feed additive is fed to a newborn piglet together with a sow before delivery. Thereby, the occurrence of diarrhea in piglets can be further prevented.

Claims

A feed additive for pigs comprising herbs, yeasts, lactic acid bacteria and organic acids comprising ginger, hawthorn, liquorice, ezonamiki, tangerine, mint, garlic, oakera and milk vetch.

Herbs: Yeasts: Lactic acid bacteria: 0.01% to 80% by weight of organic acid: 0.01% to 80% by weight: 0.01% to 80% by weight: 0.1% to The feed additive for pigs according to claim 1, which is 80% by weight.

Feeding the pig feed additive according to claim 1 to a mother pig at least one week before parturition, and feeding and feeding the pig feed additive from 3 days after the birth of the piglet until weaning. A method of raising piglets during the suckling period.