JP2004044083A - Undermining continuous wall construction method and excavation apparatus used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an undermining method and its excavation apparatus capable of undermining a relatively long distance (e.g. 1 m or longer) without use of an exclusive undermining machine and unnecessitating so called "making a detour". <P>SOLUTION: The excavation method includes a process of attaching an undermining member (an undermining cutter A30 (1) for the first stage widening work ) to the excavation machine (e.g. bucket 20), an excavation process of excavating a part of an underground obstacle ( e.g. a part of a zone (G3) under an underground embedded pipe 3) by the excavation machine (20) to which the undermining member (cutter A30(1)) is fitted, and an excavation member extension process of fitting another undermining member (e.g. the second stage widening cutter A30(2)) to the front end of the undercutting member (cutter A30(1)) to extend an undermining member (A30). The excavation process and the excavation member extension process are repeated until the whole zone (G3) under the obstacle (3) is excavated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a seepage digging wall construction method performed when constructing an underground continuous wall.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When constructing underground structures under arterial roads, it is not uncommon for water pipes, gas pipes, cables and other lifelines to be obstacles at the location where the continuous wall will be built.
[0003]
On the other hand, there is a so-called "cut-around" method that temporarily removes underground obstacles and restores them after construction of the underground wall, but it is difficult to apply to important lifelines such as underground pipes. Further, there is a disadvantage that the problem is large in terms of cost.
[0004]
As a method of avoiding underground obstacles and constructing an underground continuous wall, after construction of a general excavator 7 as shown in FIG. A technique for performing the following has been proposed.
[0005]
However, if the length of the diameter-enlarging bit is too long, the excavator 7 is swung by the excavation reaction force due to the reaction force during excavation, and collides with the inner wall surface of the excavation hole or expands due to the reaction force. Since a diameter bit or the like is damaged, it is a limit to avoid an underground obstacle having a width of about 1 m in a conventional one using a diameter-expanding bit or the like.
[0006]
FIGS. 18 and 19 show a series of “through-hole digging” steps for constructing an underground continuous wall at a place with a large underground obstacle.
[0007]
FIG. 18 shows a state in which an element (ground G) adjacent to the underground obstacle 3 is excavated in the guide groove 5 by a known excavator 7. The guide groove 5 is excavated in the vertical direction by the power vehicle V1 having the excavation power and disposed on the ground, which constitutes the underground diaphragm excavator, and the excavator 7.
[0008]
FIG. 19 shows an initial excavation state of “through-hole digging”. In place of the power vehicle V1 and the excavator 7, the see-through power vehicle V2 and the special-purpose machine 8 are arranged, and the reaction force material 11 and the exhaust pipe 13 are built to the left of the guide groove 5 in the figure. 15 is arranged on the ground, and the rotary cutter 8a extended vertically downward is rotated upward by the see-through digging machine 8 to excavate the ground G3 below the underground obstacle 3.
[0009]
From the middle excavation to the bottom of a predetermined depth (not shown in the subsequent steps shown in FIG. 19), a continuous groove communicating with the basement of the obstacle is formed.
[0010]
Next, a suspended power vehicle is disposed in place of the power vehicle, and a divided steel cage is built in the continuous groove H.
[0011]
Next, a concrete agitator wheel is arranged in place of the suspension motor vehicle, and concrete is poured from the conduit inserted into the reinforcing bar to complete the construction of the continuous wall including immediately below the obstacle.
[0012]
However, in order to excavate the guide groove with the power vehicle in the above “through-hole digging” and a general digging device, and to arrange a not-so-commonly-used through-hole exclusive vehicle and a through-hole exclusive machine, the rearrangement is required. There is a drawback that it takes a lot of man-hours and time including the construction, and is very costly.
[0013]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-described problems of the related art, and it is possible to dig through a relatively long distance (for example, 1 m or more) without using a special digging machine, so-called, It is an object of the present invention to provide a see-through wall connecting method that does not require “cutting” and a drilling device used for the method.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The through-hole connecting method according to the present invention includes a step of attaching a through-hole excavating member (a first-stage widening through-hole cutter A30 (1)) to an excavating machine (for example, a bucket (20)). An excavating machine (20) equipped with the through-hole digging member (through-hole cutter A30 (1)) uses an excavating machine (20) to set one area (G3) below an underground obstacle (for example, an underground pipe 3). A digging step of digging a portion, and a digging member for digging (for example, a digging member for digging through: A30 (1) for digging through), and a tipping digging member for another digging (for example, a cutter A30 (2 ) Or exchanging the cutter A30 (1) with another cutter to extend the length of the through-hole digging member (A30). Until the entire area (G3) below the object (3) is excavated (for example, The digging step and the digging member extension step are repeated until the through-throwing cutter (A30 (3)) for floor widening is mounted and the third-stage widening digging is completed (claim). 1).
In the above description, the cutter (A30) of the through-hole digging member is a generic term for each cutter (for example, A30 (1), A30 (2) or A30 (3)).
[0015]
The excavator used in the see-through excavation connecting wall method of the present invention is configured to be attachable to an excavating machine (for example, a bucket 20), and is located below an underground obstacle (for example, an underground pipe 3). A through-hole digging member (through-hole cutter A30) is provided, and the through-hole digging member (for example, through-hole cutter A30) can be connected in a plurality of stages or can be replaced. This is characterized in that the length is configured to be stretchable (claim 4).
[0016]
According to the present invention having such a configuration, the through-hole digging member (through-hole cutter) can be connected to a plurality of stages, and the area for through-hole digging is increased by adding one step at a time. As in the case of using a single cutter or the like, the excavating cutter is damaged by the reaction force during excavation, or the excavating machine (20) is shaken and collides with the inner wall surface of the excavation hole. Is prevented.
Also, in accordance with the length of the underground obstacle (the length of the underground obstacle in the longitudinal direction of the continuous wall to be built), the number of steps to be connected by the through-hole digging member (through-hole cutter) is appropriately determined. By adjusting, it is possible to adjust the length of the digging. Alternatively, the length can be extended by exchanging a watermarking member (cutter).
[0017]
Further, it is only necessary to attach the through-hole excavating member (through-hole cutter) to an excavating machine such as a bucket, and it is not necessary to use a dedicated through-hole excavating machine, and a small output such as a bucket can be obtained. The excavator can excavate a long distance (through-hole length) in the direction of extension of the underground wall equivalent to a large-output machine such as a dedicated through-hole machine.
[0018]
In the see-through excavation connecting wall method according to the present invention, it is preferable that the excavation step is performed when the excavating machine (for example, the bucket 20) is raised and / or lowered (claim 2).
In other words, the excavating step can be performed when the excavating machine (for example, the bucket 20) is raised, lowered, or both.
[0019]
In the excavator used in the through-hole connecting method of the present invention, the through-hole excavating member (A30) includes a blade for excavation (for example, 30a, 30b) above and / or below. Is preferable (claim 5).
[0020]
Further, in the see-through wall connecting method according to the present invention, at the time of the above-mentioned excavation step, the earth and sand (Gs) accumulated in the lowermost portion of the excavated trench is removed by removing the above-mentioned through-hole excavating member (A30). It is preferable to have a step of removing by (for example, the bucket 20) (claim 3).
[0021]
In practicing the present invention, it is preferable that the through-hole digging member (through-hole cutter A30) is attached to a digging machine (for example, the bucket 20) by an attachment bracket (24). .
[0022]
Here, the radial dimension of the mounting bracket is preferably determined according to the following criteria. That is,
The radial outer edge 24a of the bracket for attaching the through cutter (A30) to an excavating machine (such as a bucket) is more radial than the radial outer edge 22a of the excavating portion of the excavating machine. Must be located inside.
If the radially outer edge of the bracket is located more radially outward than the radially outer edge of the excavating portion of the excavating machine, the bracket may be moved before the excavating portion contacts the soil to be excavated. Would come into contact with the soil, making it impossible to perform normal excavation work.
[0023]
On the other hand, the circumferential dimension of the mounting bracket is determined as follows. That is,
At the time of digging, a moment acting as a cantilever using the digging cutter (A30) acts, and this bending moment is supported by the bracket. In this case, if the circumferential dimension of the bracket is small, the dimension (L) between the bolt holes also becomes small, the stress between the bolt and the bolt hole becomes large, and breakage or cracking of the bolt occurs.
The circumferential dimension of the bracket is required to the extent that such cracks are prevented and the number of bolts and the dimension (L) between the bolt holes can be secured.
Here, the circumferential dimension of the bracket cannot exceed the circumferential dimension (LB) of the excavating machine (eg, bucket).
[0024]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the illustrated embodiment, a bucket is used as the excavating machine.
[0025]
1 to 8 show process diagrams when the see-through excavation connecting wall method of the present invention is executed.
[0026]
FIG. 1 shows a preparation process for applying this method to the ground G having the underground obstacle 3, and excavation for excavating the guide groove 5 (see FIG. 2) in the ground adjacent to the underground obstacle 3. The state where the guide 51 was installed is shown. In this embodiment, the depth H to the obstacle 3, which is a buried pipe, is 3021 mm, the height of the obstacle 3 is 900 mm, and the depth of the continuous wall to be built is 38 m.
[0027]
In FIG. 2, the guide groove 5 is excavated to a predetermined depth by the bucket 20 of the excavator 17 using the excavation guide 50 as a guide. The excavator 17 located at the upper part of the guide groove 5 in FIG. 2 shows an initial state of excavation, and the excavator 17 located at the lower part of the guide groove 5 shows a state at the time of excavation completion.
[0028]
FIG. 3 and subsequent drawings show through. As a preparation, a protection ridge 52 is installed immediately above the obstacle 3. Further, a first-stage cutter A30 (1) for widening 596 mm, which will be described in detail later, is attached to the bucket 20 of the excavator 17 pulled up from the guide groove 5 (a step of attaching a through-hole excavating member to an excavating machine). Then, the excavator 17 is inserted into the guide groove 5, the bucket 20 is opened and closed downward from 1000 mm below the obstacle 3, and the first-stage cutter A30 (1) performs wide-width excavation of the first-stage widening portion B1. (Step of excavating a part of the area below the underground obstacle).
[0029]
Excavated sediment Gs accumulates at the bottom of the guide groove 5 by the widening excavation, and when the widening excavation does not proceed, the bottom is scraped by the bucket 20 from which the first-stage cutter A30 (1) has been removed (at the lowermost part of the groove). Removing the accumulated earth and sand by a drilling machine from which the digging member has been removed). In this way, the widening is performed to a predetermined depth, in this example, to a depth of 38 m, and the widening excavation of the first stage is completed.
[0030]
Next, the excavator 17 is pulled up from the guide groove 5 to the ground, and the second-stage cutter A30 (2) for the second-stage widening excavation shown in FIG. 4 is attached. The second-stage cutter A30 (2) adds another widening cutter 40 to the first-stage cutter A30 (1) in order to increase the width from the guide groove 5 to 1096 mm in this example (see-through excavation). Excavating member extension step of extending the length of the member). In this case, the first-stage cutter A30 (1) may be detached, and an integrated cutter having an expanded width of 1096 mm may be attached to extend the excavated member.
[0031]
Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the second-stage excavation is completed by adding the second-stage widened portion B2 to the first-stage widened portion B1 and widening to a predetermined depth. The first-stage widening portion B1 in FIG. 4 is for explanation to clearly show the point of the second-stage widening excavation, and is in a hollow state when the second-stage widening excavation is started. Therefore, the excavation resistance applied to the second-stage cutter A30 (2) is a resistance of only the second-stage widened portion B2, and the moment to the bracket 24 described later does not become much larger than that of the first-stage widened excavation.
[0032]
In the process up to the completion of the second-stage widening excavation, the excavated earth Gs accumulates at the bottom of the guide groove 5 and the bucket 20 from which the second-stage cutter A30 (2) is removed at a stage where the widening excavation does not progress. The bottom is scraped (a step of removing soil and dirt accumulated in the lowermost part of the groove with a drilling machine from which a digging member is removed).
[0033]
Next, the excavator 17 is pulled up from the guide groove 5 to the ground, and a third-stage cutter A30 (3) for the third-stage widening excavation shown in FIG. 5 is attached. The third stage cutter A30 (3) adds another widening cutter 50 to the second stage cutter A30 (2) in order to increase the width from the guide groove 5 to 1696 mm in this example (through-hole excavation). Excavating member extension step of extending the length of the member).
[0034]
Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the third-stage widening portion B3 is added to the second-stage widening portion B2 to perform widening to a predetermined depth, thereby completing the third-stage excavation. Also in the third stage widening excavation, the excavation resistance applied to the third stage cutter A30 (3) is a resistance of only the third stage widening portion B3 since the second stage widening portion B2 is hollow. Thus, the moment on the bracket 24 is not significantly greater than in the first stage widening excavation or the second stage widening excavation.
[0035]
In the process up to the completion of the widening excavation, the excavated soil Gs accumulates at the bottom of the guide groove 5, and when the widening excavation does not proceed, the bottom is scraped in the same manner as the first and second stage excavations (groove end). Removing the sediment accumulated in the lower portion by a drilling machine from which the member for see-through digging has been removed). FIG. 6 shows a state where the third stage excavation is completed.
[0036]
FIG. 7 shows a state in which the through-cut cutter A30 (3) attached to the bucket 20 is removed, the bottom is scraped, and the bucket is completed to a predetermined depth.
[0037]
FIG. 8 shows a state in which the depth of the through-hole is accurately confirmed to be a predetermined depth by a depth confirmation device, for example, the depth measurement devices Ms and Ss using ultrasonic waves. . The symbol Ss indicates an ultrasonic wave transmitting device, and the symbol Ms indicates a reflected wave receiving device.
[0038]
If the size of the underground obstacle (the underground pipe 3 in the example of FIGS. 1 to 8) is longer, a third-stage cutter A30 (3) for see-through digging is further added (4 steps). Through the above connection), it is possible to dig through the area G3 below the underground obstacle.
[0039]
As described above, after the excavation is performed through the lower region G3 of the underground obstacle 3 through the excavation, the normal excavation process illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 is repeated.
[0040]
According to the above-described through-hole excavator, it is not necessary to use a conventional heavy and expensive dedicated through-hole excavator. The first, second, and third-stage cutters A30 (1), A30 (2), and A30 ( 3)) is much easier to install.
[0041]
Therefore, since a plurality of stages can be connected instead of a single through-hole cutter, the number of connection stages should be appropriately adjusted in accordance with the length of the underground obstacle, that is, the size of the region to be dug. Can be done.
[0042]
Thus, in the case of a single cutter attached to a bucket, through-hole digging of 1 m or more was not possible due to breakage of the cutter due to the reaction force of the soil, but in the illustrated embodiment, the cutter was divided into a plurality of times. Excavation makes it possible to perform see-through excavation over a long distance of 1 m or more in width.
[0043]
FIG. 9 shows details of the through-hole cutter used in the process of the present invention shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. FIG. 9A is a side view of a bucket 20 which is an excavating unit of the excavator 17 and a cutter that can be added and connected thereto is attached. FIG.
[0044]
As shown in FIG. 9 (a), the see-through digging cutter A30 expands radially outward of one of the buckets 20 for widening and excavating the two-segment fan-shaped bucket of the conventional structure and with the bucket 20 open. A see-through digging cutter A30 is detachably attached to the wing position by a bracket 24. Note that the mounting position of the through-cut cutter A30 to the bucket 20 is shown as being different from the mounting position of the through-hole cutter A30 shown in FIGS.
[0045]
The see-through digging cutter A30 is composed of a first cutter 30 and a second cutter 40 in the drawing. The first-stage cutter A30 (1) indicates the first cutter 30, and the second-stage cutter A30 ( 2) shows a state where the second cutter 40 is connected to the first cutter 30 and extended.
[0046]
The first-stage cutter A30 (1) performs the first-stage widening excavation of the guide groove 5, and the second-stage cutter A30 (2) performs the second-stage widening excavation of the guide groove 5. Although not explicitly shown in FIG. 9, the third-stage cutter A 30 (3) is configured to perform the third-stage widening excavation of the guide groove 5.
[0047]
The first cutter 30 is formed in a box shape by two trapezoidal side plates 30c parallel to the paper surface, and the bucket 20 side of the side plate 30c is near the bottom of the side portion 20a of the bucket 20 by a plurality of brackets 24 and bolts 24B. It is screwed on.
[0048]
In the bracket 24, it is preferable that the span L between the bolts 24 </ b> B at both ends in the circumferential direction is as long as possible within the circumferential dimension LB of the bucket 20. Further, the radial outer diameter portion 24a of the bracket 24 is shorter than the radial distance R of the radial outer edge portion 22a of the blade 22b, so that there is no hindrance in excavating only the bucket 20 when there is no through-hole cutter A30. It is configured as follows.
[0049]
Saw-tooth blades 30b are provided on the upper and lower portions of each of the two side plates 30c of the first cutter 30. The blades 30b are overlaid with hard metal, and the front and rear portions of the two side plates 30c are perpendicular to the plane of the paper. A serrated blade 30a fixed by a front plate 30d and a rear reinforcing plate 30e, and overlaid with a cemented carbide is provided above and below the front plate 30d (similar to the blade 40a in FIG. 9B). .
[0050]
As described above, the blades 30b and 30a are provided up and down so that widening excavation can be performed in any of the upward and downward directions of the bucket 20.
[0051]
A second cutter 40 for forming a second-stage cutter A30 (2) for see-through digging is detachably attached to a tip end of the first cutter 30 by bolts using a rear plate 40e described below.
[0052]
As shown in FIG. 9 (b), the second cutter 40 is provided with a saw-tooth blade 40a which is overlaid with a cemented carbide on the upper and lower portions of each of two side plates 40c. The front and rear portions of the side plate 40c are fixed by a front plate 40d and a rear plate 40e perpendicular to the paper surface, and a saw-tooth blade 40a which is overlaid with hard metal is provided above and below the front plate 40d. .
[0053]
As described above, the blades 40a and 40b are provided up and down so that widening excavation can be performed in any of the upward and downward directions of the bucket 20.
[0054]
The third cutter 50 for configuring the third-stage cutter A30 (3), which is not explicitly shown in FIG. 9, has substantially the same configuration as the second cutter 40.
[0055]
FIGS. 10 to 17 show the open / closed state of the bucket 20 to which the through-hole cutter A30 is attached. A description will be given with reference to the process diagrams of FIGS. 1 to 8 when the see-through excavation connecting wall method of the present invention is executed.
[0056]
FIGS. 10 and 11 show the open / closed state of the bucket 20 of the excavator 17 without the through-hole cutter A30 used in the step of FIG.
[0057]
FIGS. 12 and 13 show the open / close state of the bucket 20 of the excavator 17 to which the through-hole first-stage cutter A30 (1) used in the step of FIG. I have. The attachment of the first stage cutter A30 (1) to the bucket 20 is shown in a different manner from FIG. The same applies to the subsequent mounting views of the cutter A30.
[0058]
FIGS. 14 and 15 show the open / close state of the bucket 20 of the excavator 17 to which the second-stage cutter A30 (2) for through-hole digging used in the step of FIG. Is shown. The second stage cutter A30 (2) in FIG. 4 shows a state where the extension cutter 40 is connected to the first stage cutter A30 (1) to be integrated.
[0059]
FIGS. 16 and 17 show the open / close state of the bucket 20 of the excavator 17 to which the third-stage cutter A30 (3) for see-through digging used in the step of FIG. Is shown. The third stage cutter A30 (3) in FIG. 5 shows a state where the extension cutter 50 is connected to the second stage cutter A30 (2).
[0060]
As described above, in the widening excavation of the guide groove 5, when the excavated earth Gs impedes excavation, the cutter A30 is removed and the bottom is scraped. Therefore, it is important that the cutter A30 be easily attached and detached.
[0061]
The above illustrated embodiment is merely an example, and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention.
For example, the bucket 20 is illustrated as the excavating equipment, but other excavating equipment can be used.
Further, in the illustrated embodiment, the length of the through-hole cutter A30 changes in three stages, but may be changed in two stages or may be changed in four or more stages.
[0062]
【The invention's effect】
The functions and effects of the present invention are listed below.
(1) Through-hole digging over a long distance of, for example, 1 m or more can be performed without using a dedicated machine for through-hole digging.
(2) There is no need to perform so-called “turning” of constructing an underground wall so as to bypass an underground obstacle.
(3) By appropriately adjusting the number of steps at which the length of the see-through cutter changes, it is possible to freely respond to the length of the underground obstacle or the distance at which the see-through is to be performed.
(4) The cost of constructing an underground continuous wall by performing through-hole digging can be significantly reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a construction diagram showing a preparation stage of a see-through moat continuous wall construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing excavation of a guide groove.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing first-stage widening excavation of a guide groove.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a second-step widening excavation of a guide groove.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a third-step widening excavation of a guide groove.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state where the third-stage widening excavation is completed.
FIG. 7 is a view showing a state of bottom scooping.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a state in which it is confirmed by ultrasonic measurement whether or not the widening hole has been formed to a predetermined depth.
FIG. 9 is a side view (a) and a front view (b) of a cutter for widening excavation.
FIG. 10 is a view showing a state where a bucket of the excavating machine is in an open state.
FIG. 11 is a view showing a state in which a bucket of the excavating machine is in a closed state.
FIG. 12 is a view showing a state in which a bucket to which a first-stage cutter is attached is open.
FIG. 13 is a view showing a state in which the bucket to which the first stage cutter is attached is in a closed state.
FIG. 14 is a view showing a state in which the bucket to which the second stage cutter is attached is open.
FIG. 15 is a view showing a state in which the bucket to which the second stage cutter is attached is in a closed state.
FIG. 16 is a view showing a state in which a bucket to which a third-stage cutter is attached is open.
FIG. 17 is a view showing a state in which the bucket to which the third stage cutter is attached is in a closed state.
FIG. 18 is a view showing excavation of a guide groove in a conventional through-hole connecting method.
FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an initial excavation of see-through digging of the above.
[Explanation of symbols]
A30 ··· Through cutter A30 (1) ··· First stage cutter A30 (2) ··· Second stage cutter A30 (3) ··· Third stage cutter B1 ··· First stage widening section B2 ··· 2 step widening section B3 3rd step widening section G ... ground G3 ... area Gs below obstacles ... excavated earth and sand 3 ... underground obstacle 5 ... guide groove 17 ... excavating device 20 ..Buckets (machines for excavation)
24 Brackets 30, 40, 50 First, second, third cutters 30a, 30b, 40a, 40b Blades

Claims (6)

Attaching a through-hole digging member to the digging machine, excavating a part of the area below the underground obstacle by the digging machine with the through-hole digging member attached thereto, A digging member extension step for extending the length of the digging member, wherein the digging step and the digging member extension step are repeated until the entire area below the underground obstacle is excavated. Digging continuous wall method. The through-hole excavation method according to claim 1, wherein the excavation step is performed when the excavating machine is raised and / or lowered. 3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising, during the excavation step, removing the earth and sand accumulated in the lowermost portion of the excavated groove by the excavating machine from which the through-hole excavating member is removed. Through-wall construction method. 4. A drilling device used in the see-through wall connecting method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the drilling device is configured to be attachable to a drilling machine, and is drilled from underneath an underground obstacle. An excavator, comprising: a digging member for digging; and the digging member for see-through digging is configured to be able to extend its length. The excavator according to claim 4, wherein the through-hole excavating member includes an excavating blade above and / or below. The excavator according to any one of claims 4 and 5, wherein the through-hole excavating member is attached to an excavating machine by a mounting bracket.

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