JP2004041069A - Planting structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a planting structure enabling increasing earth-water preservation and reducing the number of times of water sprinkling. <P>SOLUTION: This planting structure is such that a waterproof layer 2 is arranged on an installation surface 1, a water retentive means 3 which is formed in a container-like shape and comprises a container with inside divided small is laid all over the waterproof layer 2, and hardly perishable soil 4 formulated with hardly perishable bark 4a obtained by crushing the bark of Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress into a fibrous condition is filled in the water retentive means 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a planting structure for planting a plant on an installation surface such as a rooftop or the ground.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to improve problems such as the heat island phenomenon and air pollution caused by a decrease in greenery and an increase in the amount of heat radiation, promotion of greening is required. One of the methods is rooftop greening. Rooftop greening is planting plants by laying soil on the rooftop of a building, and has the effect of lowering air temperature by the transpiration of plants, reducing energy consumption by the heat insulating effect, and purifying the atmosphere.
[0003]
BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-318210, a plant planting device installed on a rooftop, a roof, or the like of a building includes a waterproof layer provided at the bottom of the device, and a device such as a plant hair root. A root guard fixed and stretched on the waterproof layer to prevent the water from entering outside, and a root guard provided on the root guard for holding and draining rainwater permeating from above or other means of irrigation by other means. In order to supply water to the roots of the plant and to grasp the laminated soil, a water retention / supply / drainage means comprising a drain plate in which a plurality of water retention parts and a drainage part are integrally formed; The soil layer for planting the soil, and stretched on the top surface of the soil layer to prevent the scattering of soil, etc., and to hold the plant seeds that have been sprayed or to hold the plants that have just germinated Nursery layer and said A fixing means for connecting the seedling layer and the water-holding / water-supplying / draining means, and a ventilation mechanism for circulating the air to the seedling-raising layer and the soil layer, further comprising an adhesive to a drain plate constituting the water-holding / water-supplying / watering means By forming a plurality of fixing portions for joining to the root guard surface via an agent, an even more excellent planting device is to be realized.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, if the amount of water in the soil is too large, the growth of fungi will cause root rot of the plant, so that the water retention amount of the drain plate as the water retention / drainage means cannot be set large. Therefore, it was not possible to reduce the number of times of watering the soil, and it took time to manage the plants.
[0005]
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a planting structure that can increase the amount of water retained in soil.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a planting structure in which water retaining means provided on an installation surface is filled with hard-to-perish soil. According to this structure, since the perishable soil has bactericidal activity, even when the amount of water in the soil is large, it is possible to prevent water decay and to suppress root rot bacteria of plants. Therefore, the water holding amount of the water holding means can be set large, and the water holding amount in the soil can be increased. Thereby, the number of times of watering to the soil can be reduced, and the growth of the plant can be easily managed.
[0007]
Various materials can be applied to the perishable soil as long as it has bactericidal activity, and examples thereof include soil mixed with perishable natural bark. Since the perishable natural bark has a bactericidal activity and a water retention property, the water retention capacity in the soil can be further increased, and the frequency of watering to the soil can be reduced. Examples of the non-perishable natural bark include cedar, hinoki, hiba, eucalyptus, and coconut hull, and two or more of these may be used as a mixture.
[0008]
The water retaining means may be any one as long as it can retain moisture, for example, a container having an upper surface opening, or a plurality of rod-shaped frame members intersecting and fixed to an installation surface to retain water. Various types can be adopted, such as a form to be formed and a porous type such as a sponge having a small hole therein. As described above, it is preferable that the water retention means be in the form of a container with an open top, since the construction of the planting structure is facilitated.
[0009]
If the water retention unit is divided into smaller sections by the partition wall, water can be retained in each section even if the water retention unit is inclined, so that the water retention amount can be increased. Therefore, even when the installation surface is inclined, a high water retention amount can be maintained. Although the width of the section is not particularly limited, it is preferable to set the width as small as 2 to 5 cm because water can be sufficiently retained. Further, a configuration may be adopted in which a porous material is accommodated in the water retaining means to partition the inside.
[0010]
If the height of the partition wall of the water retaining means is less than about 3 cm, a sufficient amount of water cannot be retained, so that it is preferably about 3 cm or more. Furthermore, if the height of the partition wall is higher than about 10 cm, the planting structure becomes huge. Therefore, it is preferable to set the height to about 3 cm to about 10 cm. At this height, a sufficient amount of water is maintained. It is possible.
[0011]
Such a planting structure is capable of planting various plants, but is suitable for lawn planting because growth management is facilitated by reducing the number of times of watering as described above. Moreover, since the construction is easy, it is suitable for rooftop greening.
[0012]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, a conventional plant pot such as a flower pot, a container or a planter has a drain hole on the bottom surface, so that water not absorbed by the soil is immediately drained from the drain hole. I had to water it every time the soil dried.
[0013]
Therefore, as in the present invention, a drainage hole is not provided on the bottom surface of the box, and a lower part of the box is used as a water retaining portion, and a planting box provided with a drainage hole on the side wall of the box is provided with a water retaining portion. Can be stored, so that the number of times of watering can be reduced. Excess water can be discharged from the drain hole in the side wall.
[0014]
By using the above-mentioned planting box and having a planting structure in which the perishable soil is filled in the box, since the perishable soil has a bactericidal activity, even if the amount of water in the soil is large, water is not used. It can prevent rot and control root rot bacteria of plants. Therefore, the water holding amount of the water holding unit can be set to be large, and the water holding amount in the soil can be increased. In addition, when using soil mixed with hardly perishable bark as hardly perishable soil, since hardly perishable bark has water retention, the water retention amount in the soil can be further increased, and the number of times of watering can be reduced, Management of plant growth becomes easy.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0016]
[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the planting structure of the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the water retaining means, FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2, and FIG. It is -B sectional drawing. As shown in FIG. 1, the planting structure according to the present embodiment includes a waterproof layer 2 disposed on an installation surface 1, a water retaining means 3 disposed on the waterproof layer 2, and a filling of the water retaining means 3. And perishable soil 4.
[0017]
The waterproof layer 2 is required to have a waterproof function, but is preferably durable because maintenance after installation is difficult. For example, asphalt waterproofing by laminating asphalt roofing or the like, sheet waterproofing, etc. Preferably, it is formed. Furthermore, it is preferable that the waterproof layer 2 has resistance to roots of plants, chemical resistance to spraying of fertilizers, herbicides, etc., and bacterial resistance or impact resistance to many bacteria existing in the soil.
[0018]
The water retaining means 3 is preferably made of a synthetic resin such as polyethylene, polystyrene, or polypropylene, which is excellent in strength and elasticity and resistant to decay. Other materials may be used. In particular, polyethylene is preferable because it has strength and elasticity and can be recycled.
[0019]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the water retaining means 3 is formed in a rectangular container shape having a side wall 3 b erected around an edge of a bottom plate 3 a, and the inside of the container is a water retaining portion 3 c. The height of the side wall 3b is set to about 3 cm. Then, the partition wall 3d and the drainage wall 3e are erected vertically and horizontally on the bottom plate 3a of the container, so that the water retaining portion 3c is divided into small sections, and water can be accumulated in each section. The width of the section is set to about 4.5 cm, and the height of the section wall 3d and the drainage wall 3e is set to about 3 cm.
[0020]
The drain wall 3 e is hollow and formed with an open bottom surface, and the hollow portion serves as a drain passage 5. A plurality of drain holes 3f are formed on the top surface of the partition wall 3d, and excess water can be discharged to the drain passage 5 from the drain holes 3f. Further, since the drainage walls 3e arranged on both sides of the drainage passage 5 are connected by the plate-like reinforcing wall 3g, the strength can be increased. Since a gap is formed between the lower end and the installation surface of the reinforcing wall 3g, the drainage passage 5 can be secured.
[0021]
The hardly perishable soil 4 may be any soil having a sterilizing ability, and is made by mixing a hardly perishable material with a sterilizing power into the soil. As the perishable material, bark of cedar and cypress is crushed into fibrous material. The size of the crushed hard-to-rot bark 4a is preferably about 0.1 cm to 5 cm, and the amount of the bark 4a mixed with the soil is 5 to 50%.
[0022]
Since these hard-to-rot barks 4a have bactericidal activity, bacteria in the soil can be suppressed. In addition, since it has a bactericidal and insecticidal activity, plants such as lawn can be managed without pesticides, and since weeds are hard to grow, almost no herbicides are required, and plant management is easy.
[0023]
In addition, since the hard-to-rot bark 4a has water retention, the water retention in soil can be increased. In addition, by making the hardly rotable bark 4a into a fibrous form, it is possible to prevent solidification of soil and sand and to serve as a drain pipe for flowing down water, so that excess water can flow down.
[0024]
Furthermore, since the perishable bark 4a is very lightweight, it hardly burdens the installation surface 1 of a building or the like, and can be suitable for rooftop greening. Moreover, since the construction is easy, the construction can be performed in a short period of time and at low cost.
[0025]
Warm ground turf will wither in winter if the ground temperature is low, but insecure soil has a high gas phase rate, excellent heat insulation, and can keep the ground temperature high. It does not wither wintering even when planted.
[0026]
In addition, in addition to the perishable material, the perishable soil 4 may further include other materials such as combustion ash, Kanuma soil, and fertilizer. The combustion ash is obtained by burning animals, plants, coal or petroleum, and has a water retention property, a plant growth inhibition inhibitory action, and a fertilizer retention property. Kanuma soil has water retention and fertilizing properties. Note that pumice, diatomaceous earth, activated carbon or charcoal powder may be mixed in place of the Kanuma soil.
[0027]
By mixing the burning ash and Kanuma soil in this way, it is possible to supply water necessary for plant growth, suppress plant growth inhibition, and retain fertilizer, so that plants can be grown healthy. it can. Combined amounts in the soil are 1 to 20% for combustion ash and 3 to 30% for Kanuma soil.
[0028]
A method for constructing the above planting structure will be described. The construction method of the planting structure is as follows. First, the asphalt waterproof layer 2 is constructed on the installation surface 1, the water retaining means 3 is spread over the waterproof layer 2, and the water retaining means 3 is filled with the perishable soil 4. Things. A lawn is planted on the perishable soil 4.
[0029]
According to the planting structure as described above, since the hardly perishable soil 4 has a bactericidal activity, it is possible to prevent the decay of water in the soil and suppress the root rot bacteria of the plant. Therefore, by setting the heights of the side wall 3b, the partition wall 3d, and the reinforcing wall 3g of the water retaining means 3 to be high as described above, the water retaining amount of the water retaining means 3 can be increased, and the water retaining amount in the soil can be increased. . In addition, since the hard-to-rot bark 4a has water retention, the water retention in soil can be further increased. Therefore, the number of times of watering can be reduced, and the growth of the plant can be easily managed.
[0030]
Although such a planting structure can plant a variety of plants, as described above, it is easier to manage the growth, such as by reducing the number of times of watering. It is suitable for. Further, since the construction is easy and the perishable soil 4 is lightweight, it is suitable for rooftop greening.
[0031]
In addition, the installation place of this planting structure is not limited, and it can be adopted regardless of various places such as a rooftop, a rooftop, the ground, and indoors, and a horizontal plane or a slope. In the above-described embodiment, the waterproof layer 2 is provided. However, a structure in which the waterproof layer 2 is not provided may be provided in an unnecessary place.
[0032]
[Second embodiment]
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the planting structure according to the second embodiment, and FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the present planting structure has a structure in which a water retaining means 3 is formed by a framework on a waterproof layer 2, and other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
[0033]
The water retaining means 3 is preferably made of a material which is excellent in strength and elasticity and hardly perish, and is made of a synthetic resin such as polyethylene, polystyrene, and polypropylene. However, other materials may be used. In particular, polyethylene is preferable because it has strength and elasticity and can be recycled.
[0034]
As shown in FIG. 5, the water retaining means 3 is such that the side walls 3 b and the partition walls 3 d are erected on the waterproof layer 2 by crossing bar-shaped frame members 3 h vertically and horizontally and fixing them to the waterproof layer 2. It is formed. Similar to the first embodiment, the width of the section is set to about 4.5 cm, and the height of the frame member 3h, that is, the side wall 3b and the section wall 3d is set to about 3 cm.
[0035]
According to the planting structure as described above, since the hardly perishable soil 4 has a bactericidal activity, it is possible to prevent the decay of water in the soil and suppress the root rot bacteria of the plant. Therefore, by setting the height of the frame material 3h of the water retaining means 3 to be high as described above, it is possible to increase the water retention amount and increase the water retention amount in the soil. In addition, since the hard-to-rot bark 4a has water retention, the water retention in soil can be further increased. Therefore, the number of times of watering can be reduced, and the growth of the plant can be easily managed.
[0036]
Such a planting structure can plant a variety of plants, but as described above, the growth can be easily controlled, such as by reducing the number of times of watering, so that lawns need to be planted in a large area. It is suitable. It is also suitable for rooftop greening.
[0037]
[Third embodiment]
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the planting structure according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a planting box 6 that is the water retaining means 3. This planting structure is a structure in which a perishable soil 4 is filled in a planting box 6. The configuration of the perishable soil is the same as that of the first embodiment.
[0038]
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the planting box 6 is formed in a container shape having an upper surface opening, and a drainage hole 6 a is formed on a side of the box 6. No drainage hole is formed in the bottom surface of the box 6, and the lower part in the box 6 is used as a water retaining portion 6b. The hatched part in the figure represents the water retaining part 6b. The size of the box 6 is not particularly limited, and may be a small one such as a container or a planter, or a large one such as a planting trout.
[0039]
The material of the planting box 6 is preferably a material that is excellent in strength and elasticity and hardly perish, and is made of a synthetic resin such as polyethylene, polystyrene, or polypropylene. However, other materials may be used. In particular, polyethylene is preferable because it has strength and elasticity and can be recycled. The shape of the box 6 may take various forms such as a cube or a rectangular parallelepiped. Further, the shape of the drainage hole 6a is not limited, and the number of the holes 6a may be one or plural.
[0040]
The construction method of the planting structure is to fill the box 6 with the perishable soil 4. With such a planting structure, water can be stored in the water retaining portion 6b, so that the amount of water retained in the soil can be increased and the number of times of watering can be reduced.
[0041]
In addition, since the perishable soil 4 has a bactericidal activity, it is possible to prevent decay of water in the soil and suppress root rot bacteria of plants. Therefore, by setting the drainage hole 6a at a high position, the water holding amount of the water holding portion 6b can be increased. In addition, since the hard-to-rot bark 4a has water retention, the water retention in soil can be further increased.
Therefore, the number of times of watering can be reduced, and the growth of the plant can be easily managed.
Excess water can be discharged from the drainage hole 6a in the side wall 3b. This method is not limited to a small box such as a planter, but can be used for large planting trout or agriculture.
[0042]
Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 8, drainage materials such as stones, pumice stones, and pearlite particles had to be spread on the bottom of the container in order to ensure drainage and prevent soil runoff. In the present invention, since the soil is mixed with the perishable bark 4a having a fiber structure, a gap is formed between the fibers, so that drainage can be maintained, and the soil hardly runs off from the drainage hole 6a. Therefore, the conventional drainage material can be made unnecessary.
[0043]
In addition, the water retention part 6b of the planting box 6 may be divided into small sections by partition walls. In this way, even if the water retention means is inclined, the water retention amount can be increased by retaining water in each section. Therefore, even when the water retention means is installed on an inclined installation surface, a high water retention amount can be maintained.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the water retaining means provided on the installation surface has a planting structure in which the soil mixed with the perishable bark is filled, so that the sterilizing power of the perishable bark is provided. Thereby, the occurrence of root rot can be prevented, and the water holding amount of the water holding means can be increased to increase the water holding amount in the soil. In addition, since the perishable bark has water retention, the water retention in soil can be further enhanced. Therefore, the number of times of watering can be reduced, and the trouble of plant growth management can be saved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a planting structure according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the water retaining means. FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the planting structure according to the second embodiment. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the water retention means. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the planting structure according to the third embodiment. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the planting box. FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a planting structure of a conventional planting box.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Installation surface 2 Waterproof layer 3 Water retention means 4 Perishable soil 3d Partition wall 3e Drain wall 3h Frame material 6 Planting box 6a Drainage hole 6b Water retention part

Claims (6)

A planting structure in which water-retaining means provided on the installation surface are filled with perishable soil. The planting structure according to claim 1, wherein the water retaining portion of the water retaining means is divided into small sections by partition walls. The planting structure according to claim 2, wherein the height of the partition wall is 3 to 10 cm. A planting box in which the lower part of the box is used as a water retention part and a drainage hole is provided on the side wall of the box. A planting structure in which the planting box according to claim 4 is filled with perishable soil. The planting structure according to claim 1, wherein the perishable soil includes perishable natural bark.

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