JP2004025574A - Method and device for treatment of disposable diaper - Google Patents

Method and device for treatment of disposable diaper Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004025574A
JP2004025574A JP2002184114A JP2002184114A JP2004025574A JP 2004025574 A JP2004025574 A JP 2004025574A JP 2002184114 A JP2002184114 A JP 2002184114A JP 2002184114 A JP2002184114 A JP 2002184114A JP 2004025574 A JP2004025574 A JP 2004025574A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
disposable diaper
water
crushed
solid
superabsorbent polymer
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Isamatsu Shimoda
霜田 勇松
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KURAUDO KK
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KURAUDO KK
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Priority to JP2002184114A priority Critical patent/JP2004025574A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

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  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and device for the treatment of a disposable diaper which are compact and can be operated by a little manpower and can treat used disposable diapers in a sanitary manner while utilizing natural resources effectively. <P>SOLUTION: Used disposable diapers (not shown) are crushed in a crusher 1. In a water mixing tank 2, water is added to the disposable diaper crushed product to prepare an aqueous suspension of the disposable diaper crushed product. In a flotage recovery precipitation tank 3, a flotage on the upper layer of the suspension is separated/recovered. Thereafter, in a dehydration tank 4, a dehydrating agent for removing a hydration capability of a highly water absorptive polymer as a component of the disposable diaper and an adsorbent for deodorization (both not shown) are mixed in the suspension. Solid matter such as the highly water absorptive polymer, which has lost its high water absorption capability, and an aqueous liquid containing feces and urine dispersed or dissolved in water are separated/recovered by a solid-liquid separator 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、紙おむつ処理方法およびその装置に関し、更に詳細には汚物を含む使用済み紙おむつを破砕後水性懸濁液にし、固形物と水性液とに分離することにより処理能率を向上させた紙おむつ処理方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
現在紙おむつは乳幼児だけでなく、大人の介護用品として広く使用されるようになり、高齢化社会の本格化に向けて益々需要が増大している。
【0003】
紙おむつは、尿などを吸収する部分の外側をポリエチレンなどのプラスチックで覆った中に、多量の水分を吸収することのできる高吸水性高分子を紙で包むなどして肌触りをよくし、合成繊維不織布などで外装し、着脱自在に腰部に取り付け可能にしたものであることは周知である。なお高吸水性高分子は、一般に吸収性ポリマー、高吸水性ポリマー、高分子吸収体など各種の名称が付けられているが、本明細書では高級水性高分子ということにする。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、使用済み紙おむつを廃棄する際には、汚物を含むことの外に、上記のように多様な素材を一体化して構成されているため廃棄処理が難しく、実用的解決されるに至っていない。
【0005】
例えば、老人ホームなど大量の使用済み紙おむつが排出される施設では、紙おむつを水で洗い汚泥処理しようとすると、処理過程で高吸水性高分子が大量の水を含んでゲル状化し水との分離ができなくなるという問題がある。更に、病院などでは病原菌が付着した使用済み紙おむつが出るため、殺菌処理してからでないと廃棄処理できないという問題もある。
【0006】
高吸水性高分子は、電解質ポリマー、デンプン−ポリアクリロニトリル加水分解物、デンプン−ポリアクリル酸塩架橋物、カルボキシメチルセルローズ系、酢酸ビニルーアクリル酸メチル共重合体のケン化物、ポリアクリル酸ソーダ架橋物などが知られており、一般に高分子中にナトリウムイオンとカルボキシル基、スルホン基などの親水基のイオンがあり、これが水分子と結合しているといわれており、一般に自重の100〜1000倍の水を吸収できるものが紙おむつに使用されている。
【0007】
上記説明から理解されるように使用済み紙おむつは、おむつとして高い機能を発揮する前記高級水性高分子が、廃棄処分する際には汚物中の水分と強く結びついており、しかも汚物を洗い流そうとすると、新たに加えた水とも強く結びついてしまい、膨潤した高吸水性高分子を水と分離することが困難になるという問題がある。
【0008】
したがって現状は、家庭から出る使用済み紙おむつは一般廃棄物としてそのまま廃棄されており、病院や老人ホームなど大量に廃棄する必要のある施設では、病原菌の混入を考慮して滅菌処理をしてから一般廃棄物として廃棄している。また専用の焼却炉を有する施設では、焼却処理した後の灰を一般廃棄物として埋め立て処分している。
【0009】
しかしながら、紙おむつは使用感をよくするために嵩高に作られており、しかも使用後は吸水して重量が増し、しかも悪臭を放つので、廃棄物回収日まで保管することは保管場所、衛生の両面から見て難しいという問題がある。また焼却処理する場合には、焼却炉の設備コストが非常に高く、水分を含むので焼却に時間が掛かりすぎるという問題がある。
【0010】
本発明は、以上の問題に着目してなされたものであり、処理施設をコンパクトにして病院、老人ホームなどの敷地内に比較的容易に設備可能、且つ少ない人手で操作可能であり、資源の有効利用を図りながら衛生的に使用済み紙おむつを処理する方法およびその装置を提供することを目的としている。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するための本発明の紙おむつの処理方法は、使用済み紙おむつを破砕し、該破砕物に水を加えて紙おむつ破砕物からなる水性懸濁液とし、該懸濁液面に浮上する浮遊物を分離・回収した後、前記紙おむつ成分である高吸水性高分子の水和性を失わせる脱水和剤および脱臭用吸着剤を前記懸濁液に混入して、前記高吸水性高分子のゲル状態を解消し、固液分離を容易にした無臭の水性懸濁液とするものである。このようにすることにより下水道に水性分散液を放流したり、浄化槽で微生物処理したりすることができる。
【0012】
使用可能な前記脱水和剤としては、特に限定はないが、ポルトランドセメント、粉末状硫酸カルシウムとホワイトセメントと混合したものなどを使用することができる。硫酸カルシウムは家屋の解体時などに大量に出る石膏ボード廃材を粉末にしたものを使用することができる。
【0013】
前記脱臭用吸着剤としては特に限定はないが、活性炭、木炭、PS灰(製紙工場で出る汚泥を乾燥した木炭質のもの)などを使用することができる。
【0014】
本明細書では、高吸水性高分子が吸水し膨潤することを水和と言い、高吸水性を失わせることを脱水和、脱水和させる薬剤を脱水和剤と言うことにする。一旦脱水和した高吸水性高分子は、大量の水を吸水する性質を失う。
【0015】
前記破砕は、紙おむつを構成する素材および汚物をバラバラにすることによって前記脱水和を容易にすると共に、プラスチックの分別回収、脱水和後の固形分の取り扱いを容易にするという作用が得られる。
【0016】
前記破砕物と混合する水の量は特に限定はなく、十分な流動性を与えるに要する量を、使用する各装置の特性などを考慮し、実際に即して適宜決定すればよい。
【0017】
前記分離・回収した浮遊物は、素材的には、通常ポリエチレンなどの熱可塑性樹脂が使用されている。したがって回収後洗浄・乾燥し、溶融整形するプラスチック再生材料として利用することができる。
【0018】
本発明は、更に前記水性懸濁液から前記破砕された固形分を分離・回収することができる。このようにすることにより、固形分を肥料として再利用することも可能になる。この場合糞尿を含む水性液は、直接または浄化槽で活性汚泥処理した後下水道などに放流することができる。
【0019】
高吸水性を失った高吸水性高分子その他の固形分を微生物発酵させ、有機肥料を製造することができる。
【0020】
前記水中に分散又は溶解した糞尿を含む水性液は、雑菌の外、場合によって有害菌が混入している可能性がある。したがって、使用済み紙おむつは殺菌処理することが好ましい。殺菌方法には特に限定はなく、例えば塩素その他の殺菌剤による殺菌が可能である、下水道に放流する場合には残留塩素など、残留殺菌剤の管理が必要になる。
【0021】
また紙おむつ処理中の殺菌および臭い消しに、水に乳酸菌および酵母の少なくともいずれかと不足する栄養分とを添加した水性液と、破砕した前記使用済み紙おむつとを混合することもできる。
【0022】
また上記目的を達成するための本発明の紙おむつ処理装置は、使用済み紙おむつ破砕手段、紙おむつ破砕物と水とを混合し、前記紙おむつ成分である高吸水性高分子の水和ゲル状物の水性懸濁液を造る水混入手段、前記水性懸濁液から浮上する浮遊物を分離する浮遊物分離手段、前記浮遊物を分離した前記水性懸濁液に脱水和剤および脱臭用吸着剤を混入する前記高吸水性高分子から水和した水を分離させる脱水和・脱臭手段、前記脱水和した高吸水性高分子を水から分離し、固形分として回収する固形分回収手段からなるものである。
【0023】
前記破砕手段には特に限定はないが、破砕対象にポリエチレンなどのプラスチックシート、不織布などがあり、高速で刃を回転させ、引き裂き状に破砕する手段が好ましい。
【0024】
本発明の紙おむつの処理方法は、使用済み紙おむつを大量の水の中で処理することにより流動体として扱うことを可能にし、脱水和剤・吸着剤処理を施すことにより、ポンプ輸送、攪拌などによる処理材混入、固液分離などの操作が容易となるので遠隔制御、自動化が可能である。しかも強い不潔感を有する作業を大幅に減らし、少ない人員で扱うことが可能となると言う作用が得られる。
【0025】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下添付の図面を参照する一実施の形態により本発明を具体的に説明する。
【0026】
図1に示す本発明の一実施の形態である紙おむつ処理装置は、破砕機1、水混合槽2、浮遊物回収・沈殿槽3、脱水和槽4および固液分離機5から成るものである。
【0027】
図1に示すように破砕機1は、水混合層2の上に取り付けられており、中間部におむつ投入口1aを開口したホッパー1bの底部排出口(図示せず)の下側にカッター1cを配置したものであり、カッター1cは、複数の歯車状の回転刃により引き裂き状に破砕し、破砕された紙おむつはそのまま水混合層2に落下するように構成した。
【0028】
水混合槽2は、攪拌機2aを備え、液面2bより上方に壁部が伸び出しており、浮遊物回収・沈殿槽3側の前記壁部に網(スリットでもよい)2cを取り付けたものであり、前記おむつ投入口1aから投入するおむつ(図示せず)の量に合わせ吸水口から用水(通常水道水)を吸水管2dから供給し、おむつが投入されると網2cからおむつ破砕物を懸濁する水性分散液2eが溢れ出るようにした。なお図1に示す符号2fは攪拌機用電動機である。
【0029】
水混合槽2内は、温度を一定に保つために温度センサー2gとヒーター2hとを設けた。この設備は、使用済み紙おむつ処理中の臭い消しと、殺菌とを乳酸菌、酵母などで、病原菌や雑菌を殺菌ないし増殖抑制するためのものである。
【0030】
浮遊物回収・沈殿槽3は、槽内の懸濁水3aを静置して比重が1未満のプラスチック類からなる浮遊物3bと、高吸水性高分子が水と十分に水和すると比重が1以上のゲル状物3cとなる。これらを分離回収するためのものであり、可及的に床面積を大きくした層を使用することが望ましい。そして浮遊物3bとゲル状物3cとの分離を確実にするため浮遊物レベルセンサー3dを浮遊物回収・沈殿槽3の中間部付近に取り付けた。
【0031】
浮遊物回収・沈殿槽3の上部に溢れ口3eを設け、水切りコンベア−6a上に溢れ出た水と共に浮遊物3bを流出させ、水切り後浮遊物受籠6に回収する。浮遊物3bから分離した水は排水口6bから排水受槽(図示せず)に流出させる。この部分で高吸水性高分子と一部の水とが分離される。
【0032】
浮遊物回収・沈殿槽3の底部を漏斗状に形成しその先端部を開口しゲル状物3aの取り出し口3f(図1では3個)設け、搬送ポンプ7により脱水和槽4にゲル状物3aを輸送する。
【0033】
脱水和槽4は底部に排出バルブ4a,攪拌機4b、脱水和剤および脱臭用吸着剤(いずれも図示せず)貯蔵タンク4cを設けており、前記搬送ポンプ7によって所定量のゲル状物3aを含む水性懸濁液を脱水和槽4に送り、攪拌しながら所定量の脱水和剤と吸着剤の混合物をスクリュウコンベア4dで脱水和槽4に投入する。なお図1に示す符号4eは攪拌機4bを駆動する電動機である。
【0034】
脱水和と脱臭とは極めて短時間に進行する。脱水和が終了すると、排出バルブ4aを開き、周壁をフィルターとしたスクリュー圧縮機から成る固液分離機5に水性懸濁液を排出させ、水を絞りながら排出口5aから固形物5bを容器5cに排出させる。圧縮性がある固形物5bの水切り状態は良好に行なわれ、分離された水分は排出管5dから処理槽(図示せず)に流出させる。
【0035】
浮遊物3bおよび固形物5bを除いた水性液(図示せず)は、下水道完備状態に合わせ必要な処理、例えば殺菌、 固形物除去なの処理を行なった後、後放流する。
【0036】
前記浮遊物3bは、ポリエチレンなどの熱可塑性樹脂が主体であるので、 洗浄・乾燥などの処理をした後再生樹脂として利用することができる。また固形物5bは、可燃物であるので償却用廃棄物として処分することができるが、栄養バランスが十分でないときは栄養分を補充し微生物処理を行い、土壌改良剤、 肥料などとして使用することもできる。
【0037】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明の紙おむつの処理方法およびその装置は、紙おむつは大量の水を吸収でき、水分の染み出し防止、着脱用部材の取り付けなど、各パーツを縫製などで一体にし、使用後は汚物で汚れ、悪臭を放つなど取り扱いが困難な物品であるが、上記説明のように破砕、大量の水に分散、比重差による分離、脱水和処理をすることにより、後処理を従来の作業から格段に容易にし、不潔感の強い作業から開放することができる。
【0038】
更に本発明は、紙おむつを流体として扱えるようにしたので、装置のコンパクト化可能で、移動が容易になり、少ない人手で大量の使用済み紙おむつを処理することができるので遠隔制御、自動化が容易となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施の形態による紙おむつ処理装置の概要説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1 破砕機
2 水混合槽
3 浮遊物回収・沈殿槽
4 脱水和槽
5 固液分離機
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a disposable diaper treatment method and apparatus, and more particularly to a disposable diaper treatment in which a used disposable diaper containing waste is crushed into an aqueous suspension and then separated into a solid substance and an aqueous liquid, thereby improving the treatment efficiency. It is about the method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
At present, disposable diapers are widely used as nursing care products for not only infants but also adults, and the demand is increasing more and more toward the realization of an aging society.
[0003]
Disposable diapers are made of synthetic fibers that are made of synthetic fiber by covering the outside of the part that absorbs urine, etc. with plastic such as polyethylene, and wrapping a super absorbent polymer that can absorb a large amount of moisture with paper. It is well known that it is made of a non-woven fabric or the like and is detachably attachable to the waist. The superabsorbent polymer is generally given various names such as an absorbent polymer, a superabsorbent polymer, and a polymer absorber, but is referred to as a higher aqueous polymer in this specification.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, when discarding a used disposable diaper, it is difficult to dispose of the disposable diaper because it is constituted by integrating various materials as described above, in addition to containing filth, and it has not been practically solved.
[0005]
For example, in facilities where a large amount of used disposable diapers are discharged, such as nursing homes, if the disposable diapers are washed with water and sludge treatment is carried out, the superabsorbent polymer becomes gelled with a large amount of water during the treatment process and is separated from water. There is a problem that can not be. Further, in hospitals and the like, used paper diapers to which pathogenic bacteria are attached appear, so that there is a problem that it is not possible to dispose of the disposable diapers without sterilization.
[0006]
Superabsorbent polymers include electrolyte polymer, starch-polyacrylonitrile hydrolyzate, starch-polyacrylate crosslinked product, carboxymethylcellulose, saponified vinyl acetate-methyl acrylate copolymer, sodium polyacrylate crosslinked It is generally known that a polymer has a sodium ion and a hydrophilic group ion such as a carboxyl group or a sulfone group in a polymer, which is said to be bonded to a water molecule, and is generally 100 to 1000 times its own weight. What can absorb water is used for disposable diapers.
[0007]
As understood from the above description, the used disposable diaper, the high-grade water-soluble polymer exhibiting a high function as a diaper, is strongly associated with the water in the filth when disposed of, and furthermore, it tries to wash away the filth. Then, there is a problem that it is strongly bound to newly added water, and it becomes difficult to separate the swollen superabsorbent polymer from water.
[0008]
Therefore, at present, used disposable diapers from households are directly discarded as general waste, and in facilities that need to be disposed of in large quantities, such as hospitals and nursing homes, general treatment must be performed after sterilization in consideration of the contamination with pathogenic bacteria. Disposed as waste. At facilities with special incinerators, the incinerated ash is landfilled as general waste.
[0009]
However, disposable diapers are made to be bulky in order to improve the usability, and they absorb water after use, increasing their weight and giving off a bad smell. There is a problem that it is difficult to see from the viewpoint. Further, in the case of incineration, there is a problem that the facility cost of the incinerator is very high, and the incineration takes too much time because it contains water.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has a compact processing facility, and can be relatively easily installed on premises such as hospitals and nursing homes, and can be operated with a small number of hands, and resources can be reduced. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for treating used paper diapers in a sanitary manner while achieving effective utilization.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A method for treating a disposable diaper of the present invention for achieving the above object is to crush a used disposable diaper, add water to the crushed material to form an aqueous suspension composed of the crushed disposable diaper, and float on the suspension surface. After separating and collecting the suspended matter, a dehydrating agent and a deodorizing adsorbent for losing the hydratability of the superabsorbent polymer as the disposable diaper component are mixed into the suspension, and the superabsorbent polymer is mixed. The odorless aqueous suspension which eliminates the gel state and facilitates solid-liquid separation. By doing so, the aqueous dispersion can be discharged to the sewer or treated with microorganisms in a septic tank.
[0012]
The dehydrating agent that can be used is not particularly limited, but Portland cement, a mixture of powdered calcium sulfate and white cement, or the like can be used. Calcium sulfate can be used in the form of powdered gypsum board waste material that is produced in large quantities when dismantling a house.
[0013]
The adsorbent for deodorization is not particularly limited, but activated carbon, charcoal, PS ash (charcoal obtained by drying sludge from a paper mill) and the like can be used.
[0014]
In the present specification, the swelling of the superabsorbent polymer by water absorption is referred to as hydration, and the loss of superabsorbency is referred to as a dehydrating or dehydrating agent. Once dehydrated, the superabsorbent polymer loses its ability to absorb large amounts of water.
[0015]
The crushing has an effect of facilitating the dehydration by separating the materials and waste materials constituting the disposable diaper, and also facilitates the separation and recovery of plastics and the handling of solids after dehydration.
[0016]
The amount of water to be mixed with the crushed material is not particularly limited, and the amount required to provide sufficient fluidity may be appropriately determined in consideration of the characteristics of each device used and the like.
[0017]
As the material of the separated and recovered floating material, a thermoplastic resin such as polyethylene is usually used. Therefore, it can be used as a recycled plastic material that is washed, dried, and melt-shaped after recovery.
[0018]
The present invention can further separate and collect the crushed solids from the aqueous suspension. By doing so, it becomes possible to reuse the solid content as fertilizer. In this case, the aqueous liquid containing manure can be discharged to a sewer or the like directly or after activated sludge treatment in a septic tank.
[0019]
Microbial fermentation of the superabsorbent polymer and other solids that have lost superabsorbency can produce an organic fertilizer.
[0020]
The aqueous liquid containing manure dispersed or dissolved in the water may be contaminated with harmful bacteria in addition to various germs. Therefore, it is preferable that the used disposable diaper is subjected to a sterilization treatment. There is no particular limitation on the method of sterilization. For example, sterilization with chlorine or another sterilizing agent is possible. When discharged into a sewer, residual sterilizing agents such as residual chlorine must be managed.
[0021]
Further, for sterilization and deodorization during disposable diaper treatment, an aqueous liquid obtained by adding at least one of lactic acid bacteria and yeast and insufficient nutrients to water, and the crushed used disposable diaper may be mixed.
[0022]
Further, the disposable diaper processing apparatus of the present invention for achieving the above object is a used disposable diaper crushing means, mixing the disposable diaper crushed material and water, the aqueous hydrated gel of the super absorbent polymer as the disposable diaper component. A water mixing means for forming a suspension, a floating substance separating means for separating floating substances floating from the aqueous suspension, and a dehydrating agent and a deodorizing adsorbent mixed with the aqueous suspension from which the floating substances are separated. It comprises dehydration / deodorization means for separating hydrated water from the superabsorbent polymer, and solid content recovery means for separating the dehydrated superabsorbent polymer from water and collecting it as solid content.
[0023]
Although there is no particular limitation on the crushing means, a crushing target includes a plastic sheet such as polyethylene, a non-woven fabric, and the like, and a means for rotating the blade at a high speed to crush in a tearing shape is preferable.
[0024]
The treatment method of the disposable diaper of the present invention makes it possible to treat a used disposable diaper as a fluid by treating it in a large amount of water, and by performing a dehydrating agent / adsorbent treatment, pumping, stirring, etc. Operations such as mixing of processing materials and solid-liquid separation are facilitated, so remote control and automation are possible. In addition, an operation is obtained in which work having a strong unclean feeling can be significantly reduced, and it can be handled with a small number of personnel.
[0025]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0026]
A disposable diaper processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 includes a crusher 1, a water mixing tank 2, a suspended matter collection / precipitation tank 3, a dehydration tank 4, and a solid-liquid separator 5. .
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 1, a crusher 1 is mounted on a water mixing layer 2, and a cutter 1c is provided below a bottom discharge port (not shown) of a hopper 1b having a diaper input port 1a opened at an intermediate portion. The cutter 1c is configured to be crushed in a tearing manner by a plurality of gear-shaped rotary blades, and the crushed paper diaper falls to the water mixed layer 2 as it is.
[0028]
The water mixing tank 2 is provided with a stirrer 2a, a wall part of which extends above the liquid surface 2b, and a net (may be a slit) 2c is attached to the wall part on the side of the suspended matter collection / sedimentation tank 3. In accordance with the amount of the diaper (not shown) to be charged from the diaper charging port 1a, water (normal tap water) is supplied from a water suction pipe 2d according to the amount of the diaper. The suspended aqueous dispersion 2e was allowed to overflow. Reference numeral 2f shown in FIG. 1 is an electric motor for a stirrer.
[0029]
Inside the water mixing tank 2, a temperature sensor 2g and a heater 2h were provided to keep the temperature constant. This equipment is for sterilizing or suppressing the growth of pathogens and various bacteria by using lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and the like for odor elimination and sterilization during processing of used disposable diapers.
[0030]
The suspended matter collection / sedimentation tank 3 is composed of a suspended matter 3b made of plastics having a specific gravity of less than 1 when the suspended water 3a in the tank is allowed to stand, and a specific gravity of 1 when the superabsorbent polymer is sufficiently hydrated with water. The above-mentioned gel-like material 3c is obtained. It is for separating and recovering these, and it is desirable to use a layer having as large a floor area as possible. Then, a floating substance level sensor 3d was attached near an intermediate portion of the floating substance collecting / precipitating tank 3 in order to surely separate the floating substance 3b and the gel-like substance 3c.
[0031]
An overflow port 3e is provided at the upper part of the suspended matter collection / sedimentation tank 3, and the suspended matter 3b flows out together with the water overflowing onto the draining conveyor 6a, and is collected in the suspended matter receiving cage 6 after draining. The water separated from the suspended matter 3b flows out of the drainage port 6b to a drainage tank (not shown). In this portion, the superabsorbent polymer and a part of water are separated.
[0032]
The bottom of the suspended matter collection / sedimentation tank 3 is formed in a funnel shape, the tip of which is opened, and a take-out opening 3f (three in FIG. 1) of the gel-like substance 3a is provided. Transport 3a.
[0033]
The dehydration tank 4 is provided at its bottom with a discharge valve 4a, a stirrer 4b, a dehydrating agent and a deodorizing adsorbent (both not shown) storage tank 4c, and a predetermined amount of the gel 3a is transferred by the transport pump 7. The aqueous suspension containing the mixture is sent to the dehydration tank 4, and a predetermined amount of a mixture of the dehydrating agent and the adsorbent is charged into the dehydration tank 4 with a screw conveyor 4d while stirring. Reference numeral 4e shown in FIG. 1 is an electric motor for driving the stirrer 4b.
[0034]
Dehydration and deodorization proceed in a very short time. When the dehydration is completed, the discharge valve 4a is opened, the aqueous suspension is discharged to the solid-liquid separator 5 composed of a screw compressor having a peripheral wall as a filter, and the solid 5b is discharged from the discharge port 5a into the container 5c while squeezing the water. To be discharged. The drainage of the compressible solid 5b is performed well, and the separated water is discharged from a discharge pipe 5d to a treatment tank (not shown).
[0035]
The aqueous liquid (not shown) from which the suspended matter 3b and the solid matter 5b have been removed is subjected to necessary treatments such as sterilization and solid matter removal processing in accordance with the state of complete sewerage, and then discharged afterwards.
[0036]
Since the floating substance 3b is mainly composed of a thermoplastic resin such as polyethylene, it can be used as a regenerated resin after being subjected to a treatment such as washing and drying. Solid matter 5b is a combustible substance and can be disposed of as waste for depreciation. However, when the nutritional balance is not sufficient, nutrients can be replenished and treated with microorganisms, and used as a soil conditioner, fertilizer, etc. it can.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the disposable diaper processing method and apparatus of the present invention can dispose a large amount of water in the disposable diaper, prevent water seepage, attach a detachable member, etc. Is an article that is difficult to handle, such as being contaminated with filth and emitting a bad smell.However, as described above, crushing, dispersing in a large amount of water, separation by specific gravity, and dehydration Can be made much easier, and it can be freed from work with strong filth.
[0038]
Further, the present invention can handle the disposable diaper as a fluid, so that the apparatus can be made compact, easy to move, and a large amount of used disposable diapers can be processed with a small number of hands, so that remote control and automation are easy. Become.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a paper diaper processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Crusher 2 Water mixing tank 3 Suspended matter collection / sedimentation tank 4 Dehydration tank 5 Solid-liquid separator

Claims (6)

使用済み紙おむつを破砕し、該破砕物に水を加えて紙おむつ破砕物からなる水性懸濁水液とし、該懸濁液面に浮上する浮遊物を分離・回収した後、前記紙おむつ成分である高吸水性高分子の水和性を失わせる脱水和剤および脱臭用吸着剤を前記懸濁液に混入して、前記高吸水性高分子のゲル状態を解消し、固液分離を容易にした脱臭された水性懸濁液とする紙おむつ処理方法。The used disposable diaper is crushed, and water is added to the crushed material to obtain an aqueous suspension comprising the crushed disposable diaper. A dehydrating agent and a deodorizing adsorbent for losing the hydration of the water-soluble polymer are mixed into the suspension to eliminate the gel state of the superabsorbent polymer and to facilitate the solid-liquid separation. A disposable diaper treatment method for producing an aqueous suspension. 前記脱水和剤がポルトランドセメント、粉末状硫酸カルシウムとホワイトセメントと混合したものの少なくともいずれかである請求項1記載の紙おむつ処理方法。The disposable diaper treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the dehydrating agent is at least one of Portland cement, and a mixture of powdered calcium sulfate and white cement. 前記浮遊物を分離回収後、乾燥・溶融整形してプラスチック再生材料として利用することからなる請求項1または2記載の紙おむつ処理方法。The disposable diaper treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the suspended matter is separated and recovered, and then dried, melt-shaped and used as a recycled plastic material. 水に乳酸菌および酵母の少なくともいずれかと不足する栄養分とを添加した水性液と、破砕した前記使用済み紙おむつとを混合し、病原菌などの有害微生物および雑菌の増殖の防止と臭いの発生を抑制するようにした請求項1〜3記載のいずれかに記載の紙おむつ処理方法。An aqueous liquid obtained by adding at least one of lactic acid bacteria and yeast and insufficient nutrients to water and the crushed used disposable diaper are mixed to prevent the growth of harmful microorganisms such as pathogenic bacteria and various germs and suppress the generation of odor. The disposable diaper processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein 高吸水性を失った前記高吸水性高分子などの固形分を分離・回収後に微生物により発酵させ、有機肥料を製造することからなる請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の紙おむつ処理方法。The method for treating a disposable diaper according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a solid content of the superabsorbent polymer or the like, which has lost superabsorbency, is fermented by a microorganism after separation and recovery to produce an organic fertilizer. 使用済み紙おむつ破砕手段、紙おむつ破砕物と水とを混合し、前記紙おむつ成分である高吸水性高分子の水和ゲル状物の水性懸濁液を造る水混入手段、前記水性懸濁液から浮上する浮遊物を分離する浮遊物分離手段、前記浮遊物を分離した前記水性懸濁液に脱水和剤および脱臭用吸着剤を混入する前記高吸水性高分子から水和した水を分離させる脱水和・脱臭手段、該脱水和・脱臭した高吸水性高分子を含む固形分を水性液から分離し、固形分として回収する固形分回収手段からなる紙おむつ処理装置。Used disposable diaper crushing means, mixed crushed disposable diaper and water, water mixing means for producing an aqueous suspension of a hydrated gel of a superabsorbent polymer as a component of the disposable diaper, floating from the aqueous suspension A floating substance separating means for separating a floating substance to be separated, and a dehydration for separating hydrated water from the superabsorbent polymer in which a dehydrating agent and an adsorbent for deodorization are mixed into the aqueous suspension from which the floating substance is separated. A disposable diaper processing apparatus comprising a deodorizing means and a solid content collecting means for separating a solid containing the dehydrated and deodorized superabsorbent polymer from an aqueous liquid and collecting the solid as a solid;
JP2002184114A 2002-06-25 2002-06-25 Method and device for treatment of disposable diaper Pending JP2004025574A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019084510A (en) * 2017-11-09 2019-06-06 株式会社サムズ Treatment method of sanitary article
JP2022009235A (en) * 2018-11-21 2022-01-14 三洋化成工業株式会社 Method for treating sanitary article
CN115052693A (en) * 2019-12-24 2022-09-13 骊住株式会社 Crushing device and dirt treatment device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019084510A (en) * 2017-11-09 2019-06-06 株式会社サムズ Treatment method of sanitary article
JP2022009235A (en) * 2018-11-21 2022-01-14 三洋化成工業株式会社 Method for treating sanitary article
CN115052693A (en) * 2019-12-24 2022-09-13 骊住株式会社 Crushing device and dirt treatment device
CN115052693B (en) * 2019-12-24 2024-05-14 骊住株式会社 Crushing device and dirt treatment device

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