JP2004008310A - Method and apparatus for extracting and pureeing components of food raw material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve a well-known simple extraction and separation method and apparatus for preparing soymilk and bean curd refuse from pulverized soybeans at home so as to extensively use various kinds of beans, cereals and even vegetables as raw materials and to improve the quality of liquid components extracted from the raw materials and pureed products as the residue. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus comprises: a pulverizing basket 7 equipped with a pulverizing means composed of a rotary blade 11 and with a first filtering means 8 formed in a mesh shape at least at a bottom part and for housing the raw material; an upper container 2 surrounding the pulverizing basket, provided with a second mesh-like filtering means 15 on at least a part of the bottom part and with a communicating pipe 16 extended downwards from there further; a tightly sealed lower container 3 arranged below the upper container, where water is put in so as to immerse at least the lower end part 20 of the communicating pipe; and a means for heating the lower container. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is to extract components contained in beans such as soybeans, cereals, or various vegetables such as potatoes and radishes, and to extract the extracted solution and its residues, mainly to extract components of food raw materials that can be easily used at home and The present invention relates to a cleaning method and apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various devices using a screw means or a mechanical pressurizing means for extracting components of various food materials and rinsing remaining residues are known. For example, a coffee extraction device such as a coffee maker or a device for producing processed soybean foods such as soymilk and okara has been known for quite some time.
[0003]
Recently, Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 6-87756 proposes a method and apparatus that can easily make soymilk and okara at home. The method and apparatus utilize the principle of a siphon-type coffee extractor to allow an extraction container containing ground soybeans to communicate with a sealed pressure container containing water through a communication pipe, and a pressure vessel side of the communication pipe. The opening is immersed in water, the inside of the pressure vessel is heated, the inside of the pressure vessel is pressurized by generated steam, and hot water and steam in the pressure vessel are sequentially pumped through the communication pipe into the extraction vessel, and the bubbles are generated. The soybean component is extracted by the activating action of, and then the heating in the pressure vessel is stopped, the pressure in the pressure vessel is reduced, soybean milk which is a soybean extract is recovered in the pressure vessel, and the communication pipe is connected to the extraction vessel side Okara is left inside the extraction container and separated by a filtering means provided at the opening.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
According to the technique described in Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 6-87756, it is necessary to prepare soybeans which have been ground in advance as soybeans to be put into the extraction container. Therefore, the user must separately have a soybean grinding apparatus. In addition, since the soymilk is collected with a considerable momentum in the pressure vessel due to the rapid depressurizing action after the heating of the pressure vessel is stopped, a part of the soybean hull and a fiber part that is difficult to miniaturize are extracted. In addition, there is a problem that the filtering means is clogged and the soybean milk is mixed with lees. In addition, a residue (okara) from which the soymilk component cannot be completely extracted is formed, which is not preferable in terms of the taste of okara. Furthermore, the device described in this publication is intended exclusively for the production of soymilk and okara.
[0005]
The present invention, in order to solve the problems of the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, to extract components while pulverizing various food ingredients such as various beans, cereals, root vegetables or vegetables with a simple configuration, and to satisfactorily remove the components and residues. It is an object of the present invention to provide an extraction method and apparatus which can be separated and used for a favorite processed food. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for cleaning food ingredients, which can easily wash food ingredients such as beans, cereals, root vegetables and vegetables.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, as a first means of the present invention for solving the problem, a food material is put into a pulverizing basket having a pulverizing means and a first filtering means having at least a bottom formed in a mesh shape. A pressure vessel which is provided with a second filtration means provided on at least a part of the bottom thereof and which has an extraction vessel having a communication pipe extending below the second filtration means, and which contains the pulverizing basket, and which is filled with water and hermetically sealed; The extraction vessel is communicated with the communication pipe through the communication pipe, the opening of the communication pipe on the pressure vessel side is immersed in water in the pressure vessel, and the food material placed in the extraction vessel is pulverized by the pulverization means. The inside of the vessel is heated, the inside of the pressure vessel is pressurized by the generated steam, the hot water and the steam in the pressure vessel are sequentially pumped into the extraction vessel through the communication pipe, and the food material pulverized by the hot water and the steam is stirred. Heating The active ingredient is extracted, then the heating in the pressure vessel is stopped, the pressure inside the pressure vessel is reduced by condensation of water vapor, and the extract in the extraction vessel and the pulverizing basket is sucked through the communication pipe and collected in the pressure vessel. And separating the residue after the component extraction by the first filtration means, and further separating the residue after passing the first filtration means by the second filtration means. And a scrubbing method are provided.
[0007]
As a second means of the present invention for solving the problems, a crushing means is housed, and a crushing basket having a first filtering means formed at least on a bottom portion in a mesh form, and the crushing basket is housed at intervals. An upper container having a mesh-shaped second filtering means on at least a part of the bottom portion and having a communication pipe extending below the second filtering means; and an at least one of the communication pipes arranged below the upper container and having a communication pipe. A hermetically sealed lower container for filling with water so that the lower end portion is immersed; a power means provided on the upper container, hanging down in the upper container and driving a rotating shaft connected to the crushing means; An apparatus for extracting and rinsing components of a food material, comprising a heating means for heating a container is provided.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the entire extraction device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a top view of the same, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main body showing details of a main part. In FIG. 1, the whole apparatus 1 has an upper container (extraction container) 2, a lower container (pressure container) 3, a drive motor 4, and a heater 5 for heating the lower container 3. As shown in FIG. 3, a pulverizing basket 7 made of, for example, stainless steel and having a sealing packing 6 attached to a side peripheral portion is detachably accommodated in the upper container 2 at intervals. A hole of, for example, 0.3 mm is punched in the concave bottom of the crushing basket 7 to form a mesh 8 as first filtering means. A rotating shaft 10 supported by bearings 9, 9 is suspended from the center of the upper container 2, and a cutter 11 is attached to a position surrounded by a mesh 8 at a lower end thereof. The upper end of the rotating shaft 10 is connected to the lower end of the drive shaft of the motor 4 via a coupling 12.
[0009]
The outer periphery of the bottom of the upper container 2 is removably mounted in a sealed state on the inner peripheral portion of the lower container 3 with the side peripheral portion sealed by a sealing packing 13 made of heat-resistant rubber or the like. The bottom of the upper container 2 is inclined so that the central part thereof is slightly lower, and a substantially central part thereof is formed with a depression 14 which is further concaved. The depression 14 is formed, for example, by punching stainless steel as a second filtering means. A mesh 15 made of metal or the like is mounted. Further, the upper container 2 is provided with a communication pipe 16 which extends downward from the concave portion 14 at the bottom and communicates with the lower container 3. The shape of the crushing basket 7 is not limited to the illustrated shape, and may be a substantially cylindrical shape similar to the upper container 2 or a mortar shape. In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numerals 17 and 17 denote handles attached to the upper container 2 and the lower container 3, respectively, to facilitate the attachment and detachment of each container. Reference numeral 18 denotes a lid of the upper container 2, and a frame 19 for fixing the bearings 9, 9 is integrated therewith.
[0010]
Next, the operation of the extraction device of the present invention will be described. First, an appropriate amount of water is put into the lower container 3, then the upper container 2 is hermetically connected to the lower container 3, and a suitable amount of food materials such as beans and root vegetables is put into the crushing basket 7 set in the upper container 2, The lid 18 with the attached 11 is closed. At this time, the lower end opening 20 of the communication pipe 16 extending downward from the concave portion 14 at the bottom of the upper container 2 is immersed below the surface 21 of the water W put in the lower container 3.
[0011]
When the power switch of the control device (not shown) is turned on after the above preparation is completed, a heater ON signal is output from the control device, and the heating of the lower container 3 by the heater 5 starts. When the heating of the lower container 3 starts, the water and the air in the lower container are gradually heated, and as the water boils, the pressure in the lower container 3 increases, and the heated hot water flows into the upper container 2 through the communication pipe 16. The hot water heats the food raw material in the upper container 2. After the hot water is transferred to the upper container 2, a motor-on signal is output from a control circuit (not shown), and the intermittent operation of the motor 4 (for example, several seconds on, several seconds off) is started. This intermittent operation may be performed before the transfer of the hot water, but is more convenient after the transfer because the heat is transferred to the food material. The intermittent operation of the motor 4 causes the cutter 11 to rotate intermittently to crush food ingredients. During this intermittent operation, the movement of the hot water from the lower container 3 to the upper container 2 continues, and the intermittent operation sequentially drops and crushes large particles, and the particles stay around the crushing basket 7 by centrifugal force. Is prevented, and finer particles can be obtained as a whole, and better component extraction can be performed.
[0012]
When the hot water moves to the upper container 2, the water surface 21 in the lower container 3 decreases, and when the water surface reaches the lower end opening 20 of the communication pipe 16, high-temperature steam is supplied to the upper container 2. The food material in the upper container 2 is further heated by the water vapor, and the mixture of the hot water and the crushed raw material is strongly stirred by the supply of the water vapor having a large momentum to enhance the component extraction effect. In addition, since the rotation of the cutter generates a strong water flow in the crushing basket 7 and prevents the mesh 8 from being clogged, the flow of hot water that is pressure-fed from the lower container 3 into the crushing basket 7 through the communication pipe 16 does not stop. . When the microcomputer counts a predetermined time required for extraction from the start of the intermittent operation, the heater is turned off and the operation of the motor is stopped at the same time. The motor does not have to be stopped until the movement of the extract to the lower container 3 starts, as described later.
[0013]
When the heater is turned off, the temperature of the lower container 3 decreases, and the pressure in the lower container becomes negative. By the synergistic effect of the action of the negative pressure and the action of gravity, the components extracted in the upper container 2 move to the lower container 3 together with the hot water, and the extraction is completed. The pressure difference at this time increases the momentum of movement, and almost no components attached to the residue remaining in the mesh 8 can be extracted. The residue after the extraction of the extract is left in the pulverizing basket by the mesh 8 (first filtering means), and the residue which has not been completely filtered and passed through the first filtering means is passed through the mesh 15 (second filtering means). Since the liquid remains at the inlet of the communication pipe 16 of the container 2, an extract that can be drunk as it is with little residue is obtained.
[0014]
In order to obtain an extract having a small amount of residue, in the present invention, clogging can be prevented by providing two filter means of appropriate size instead of providing one filter means having a small mesh. The size of the mesh can be appropriately set according to the food material, so that desired component extraction and flattening according to the food material can be performed. The residue remaining in the crushing basket 7 and the upper container 2 can be taken out and eaten as it is or processed food. In addition, since the residue at the bottom of the upper container 2 is accumulated in the concave portion having the mesh 15, it is easy to take out and maintenance is easy.
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, since the configuration is such that the hot water and the steam are pressure-fed while the foodstuff is crushed by the crushing means, for example, beans or small grains can be put into the crushing basket as it is. Since components can be extracted, there is no need to prepare crushed products in advance, and the freshness of the food can be maintained. In addition, even vegetables can be cut into a suitable size that can be put into a crushing basket and crushed, so that they can be used easily. In addition, since the first filtering means (mesh 8) is provided in the pulverizing basket 7 and the second filtering means (mesh 15) is provided in the communicating pipe portion, clogging of the second filtering means can be prevented and separation of the residue is good. , And a clean component-free extract is obtained, and the residue is recovered without waste. Also, rotation of the crushing means (cutter 11) prevents clogging of the first filtering means and generates a water flow, that is, a hot water flow. No sticking and no scorching. If the pulverizing means is operated intermittently, compared to the case of continuous pulverization, the pulverized particles do not stay on the side peripheral portion of the pulverizing basket due to centrifugal force, and the particles are uniformly pulverized, so that the component is more Can be extracted well. Furthermore, there is no need to use conventional screw means or mechanical pressure means, and it can also be used as a simple cleaning method, and furthermore, since there is no direct application of heat to the food material, no thermal deterioration occurs. Good processed food materials (processed raw materials) can be obtained. In addition, since there is no screw means or mechanical pressure means, no residue adheres, and even the residue flowing out from the first filtration means is recovered by the second filtration means, so that the residue can be obtained without loss. . Further, since the size of the mesh of the first filtering means and the size of the mesh of the second filtering means can be arbitrarily changed, the components can be satisfactorily extracted according to the food material. For example, in the case of foodstuffs requiring a relatively long time, such as vegetables and medicinal herbs, the first filtration means may be provided with a coarse mesh, and more hot water or steam may be supplied to perform good extraction. If the second filtering means is provided in the concave portion of the upper container, the residue can be collected in the concave portion, and the removal and maintenance of the residue are facilitated. If the closed lower container is configured so that a part of the upper container (bottom part) is a means for sealing the lower container, not only the structure is simplified, but also the extraction container with hot water or steam and, consequently, heat conduction to foodstuffs. Efficient extraction can be achieved quickly and in a short time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of an embodiment of an extraction device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the extraction device shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing details of a main body of the extraction device shown in FIG. 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Whole apparatus 2 Upper container 3 Lower container 4 Motor 5 Heater 6 Sealing packing 7 Crush basket 8 Mesh (first filtration means)
9 Bearing 10 Rotary shaft 11 Cutter 12 Coupling 13 Sealing packing 14 Depression 15 Mesh (second filtration means)
16 communication pipe 17 handle 18 lid 19 frame 20 lower end opening 21 water surface W water

Claims (7)

A food material is placed in a pulverizing basket having a pulverizing means and at least a first filtering means formed in a mesh at the bottom, and a second filtering means is provided at least at a part of the bottom, and extends downward from the second filtering means. The crushing basket is housed in an extraction container having an existing communication pipe, and the pressure vessel sealed with water and the extraction vessel are communicated by the communication pipe, and the opening of the communication pipe on the pressure vessel side is connected to the pressure vessel. The food material placed in the extraction container is pulverized by the pulverizing means, the inside of the pressure container is heated, and the inside of the pressure container is pressurized by generated steam. Hot water and steam are sequentially pumped into an extraction container, and the active ingredient is extracted by stirring and heating the food material pulverized by the hot water and steam, and then the heating in the pressure container is stopped, and Condensation The pressure inside the pressure vessel is further reduced, and the extract in the extraction vessel and the crushing basket is suctioned through the communication pipe and collected in the pressure vessel. The residue after component extraction is separated by the first filtration means. A method for extracting and rinsing components of a food material, wherein the residue passed through the first filtering means is separated by the second filtering means. The method of claim 1, wherein the crushing means is operated intermittently. A crushing basket equipped with crushing means and having at least a first filtering means formed in a mesh at the bottom, and a mesh-like second filtering means at least part of the bottom housing the crushing baskets at intervals. An upper container having a communication pipe extending below the second filtration means, and a sealed lower container which is disposed below the upper vessel and fills with water so that at least a lower end of the communication pipe is immersed; A food device provided on the upper container, comprising: a power unit that hangs down in the upper container and drives a rotation shaft connected to the crushing unit; and a heating unit that heats the lower container. Raw material component extraction and scrubbing equipment. The component extracting and cleaning apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the power means is configured to be capable of intermittent operation. 5. The component extraction and flattening apparatus according to claim 3, wherein mesh sizes of the first filtration unit and the second filtration unit are different. 6. The component extraction and scrubbing device according to claim 3, wherein the upper container is provided with a concave portion at the bottom, and the second filtering means is provided at the concave portion. The device for extracting and filtering components according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the lower container is hermetically sealed by being connected to the bottom of the upper container via a sealing means.

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